Dimming film with different light transmittances in off state and dimming glass

Abstract

The invention provides a dimming film and dimming glass which have a visible light transmittance change effect in an off or on state. By controlling the concentration distribution of the active components in the light control layer, the light adjusting film with the visible light transmittance capable of being changed in an off or on state is obtained. The light adjusting film can play a comprehensive light adjusting role in an application scene where the light transmittance needs to be changed, and the multi-scene use requirements of functionality, attractiveness and the like in the field of vehicles or buildings are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic light-controlling materials, and in particular to a dimming film and a dimming glass with different light transmittances in off states. Background Art

[0002] A dimming film is an electronic light-control device. It is mainly composed of a light-control layer between two layers of transparent conductive films. When the electric field is turned on, the arrangement or state of the material in the light-control layer changes, thereby changing the light transmittance of the device, such as from low transmittance to high transmittance, or from high transmittance to low transmittance. Through the action of the electric field, a rapid conversion between the on-state and the off-state can be achieved. According to the different light-control mechanisms of the light-control layer, the dimming film can be divided into suspended particle dimming film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, electrochemical reaction dimming film, etc.

[0003] The dimming films known in the art, such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming films and suspended particle dimming films, will change from opaque to uniformly transparent in the on state, while the electrochemical reaction dimming film will change from transparent to uniformly opaque in the on state. Of course, there are also reverse mode dimming films, such as reverse polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming films, which will change from transparent to uniformly opaque in the on state. In short, most of the existing dimming films have uniform visible light transmittance distribution in the on or off state. There are also technologies that divide the entire dimming film into sections and apply different power supplies to different sections to achieve different visible light transmittances of the entire dimming film in the on state, which will increase the manufacturing cost of the dimming film and cannot achieve the effect of continuous and gradual changes. However, in some cases, if a dimming film whose visible light transmittance in the off or on state can be used, for example, if the front windshield of a car can present a continuous and gradual change effect of visible light transmittance of low on the top and high on the bottom, the driver can avoid light pollution such as strong light glare when the motor vehicle is traveling at high speed on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can ensure a clear field of vision and improve driving safety.

[0004] The present invention introduces a dimming film with a variable concentration of light-controlling active components in at least one direction, so that the dimming film under a constant applied voltage can produce a light transmittance change effect, thereby obtaining a dimming film with a variable light transmittance in the off or on state. The dimming film can play a comprehensive dimming role in application scenarios where the light transmittance needs to be changed in the off or on state, meeting the functional and aesthetic requirements of multiple scenarios in the fields of transportation or construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The inventor proposes a dimming film and a dimming film glass having different visible light transmittances along at least one direction of the dimming film surface in an off state or an on state.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a dimming film with different transmittances in an off state, comprising a first transparent substrate (1-1), a first transparent conductive layer (2-1), a light control layer (3), a second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and a second transparent substrate (1-2) stacked in sequence, wherein in the off state, there are regions with different visible light transmittances along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film, and Qoff is used to represent the degree of difference in visible light transmittance of the regions in this state.

[0007] Qoff=(Toff max -Toff min ) / Loff,

[0008] Toff max Toff is the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film along the direction in the off state, min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction,

[0009] Loff = Toff max With Toff min The distance between two points in meters.

[0010] Qoff is a dimensionless value,

[0011] Among them, the Qoff value is: 30.0≥Qoff≥0.05.

[0012] Furthermore, the Qoff value is: 20.0≥Qoff≥0.08.

[0013] Furthermore, the Qoff value is: 15.0≥Qoff≥0.1.

[0014] Furthermore, in the off state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes continuously and gradually.

[0015] Furthermore, in the off state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes gradually.

[0016] Furthermore, in the on state, the dimming film has different regions of visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the dimming film surface, wherein the region with different visible light transmittance is a single-zone dimming region, and Qon is used to represent the degree of difference in visible light transmittance of the region in this state.

[0017] Qon=(Ton max -Ton min ) / Lon,

[0018] Ton maxis the maximum visible light transmittance of the region along the direction in the open state, Ton min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction,

[0019] Lon to Ton max With Ton min The distance between two points in meters.

[0020] Qon is a dimensionless value,

[0021] Among them, the Qon value is: 30.0≥Qon≥0.05.

[0022] Furthermore, the Qon value is: 20.0≥Qon≥0.08.

[0023] Furthermore, the Qon value is: 15.0≥Qon≥0.1.

[0024] Furthermore, in the on state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes continuously and gradually.

[0025] Furthermore, in the on state, there is a region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film changes gradually.

[0026] Furthermore, the light-controlling layer (3) contains light-controlling active components.

[0027] Furthermore, the light-controlling active component includes at least one of nanoparticles, liquid crystals or electrochromic materials.

[0028] Furthermore, the concentration of the light-controlling active component varies in a region along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

[0029] Further, the region where the concentration of the light-controlling active component varies along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film is consistent with the region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film in the off and / or on state is different.

[0030] Furthermore, the concentration of the light-controlling active component has a region where it changes continuously and gradually along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

[0031] Furthermore, the concentration of the light-controlling active component has a gradient variation region along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

[0032] Furthermore, the light-controlling layer (3) contains a visually discernible area where the concentration of the light-controlling active component is zero.

[0033] Furthermore, the light-controlling layer (3) contains a region with a constant concentration of light-controlling active components.

[0034] In the dimming film of the present invention, the concentration of the light-controlling active component can be adjusted according to the requirement of visible light transmittance in the off or on state.

[0035] Furthermore, the concentration of the light-controlling active component ranges from 0 to 10%.

[0036] Furthermore, the concentration of the light-controlling active component ranges from 0 to 5%.

[0037] Furthermore, the concentration of the light-controlling active component ranges from 0 to 3%.

[0038] Furthermore, the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) is selected from at least one of an ITO conductive layer, a FZO conductive layer, an IZO conductive layer, a GZO conductive layer, an AZO conductive layer, a PEDOT conductive layer, a nano-Ag wire conductive layer, conductive graphene and a nano-Cu wire conductive layer.

[0039] Furthermore, the surface of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) facing the light control layer (3) is covered with an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer material includes at least one of epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyimide resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, modified acrylic resin or silicone resin.

[0040] Furthermore, the single dimming area constitutes a whole dimming film.

[0041] Furthermore, the single dimming area and other dimming areas constitute a whole dimming film.

[0042] In the dimming film of the present invention, the other dimming areas are not specifically limited and may be partitioned dimming areas, areas without dimming function, or single-zone dimming areas of the present invention.

[0043] Furthermore, there is no specific limitation on the number and combination of the single-zone dimming area and other dimming areas.

[0044] Furthermore, all parts of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) in the single-zone dimming area are electrically conductive.

[0045] Furthermore, the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) of the single-zone dimming area has a local area that is not electrically conductive with other areas, wherein the local area does not have a dimming function.

[0046] In the dimming film of the present invention, the materials of the first transparent substrate (1-1) and the second transparent substrate (1-2) are not specifically limited.

[0047] Furthermore, the first transparent substrate (1-1) and / or the second transparent substrate (1-2) is / are selected from at least one of PET, PEN, PP, PI, PE, and PC.

[0048] The first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the single-zone dimming area referred to in the present invention are electrically conductive at all places; or a local area of ​​the transparent conductive layer in the area is electrically non-conductive with other areas of the transparent conductive layer, and the local area does not have a dimming function. The dimming function means that the local area does not require an on state, that is, the local area is always in an off state. A specific embodiment is that a very small area around the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer in the area is electrically non-conductive with the internal area of ​​the conductive layer, and all places in the internal area are electrically conductive.

[0049] Furthermore, the transparent conductive layer has a local area that is electrically non-conductive with other areas, which is achieved by an electrically non-conductive isolation line.

[0050] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line divides the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer into at least two parts, and the at least two parts are electrically non-conductive.

[0051] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line may be at least one of a straight line, an arc line or an irregular shape.

[0052] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line may form a closed curve.

[0053] Furthermore, the cross section of the electrically non-conductive isolation line may be a regular pattern or an irregular pattern.

[0054] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line has a width of 1 to 200 μm.

[0055] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line has a width of 10 to 100 μm.

[0056] Furthermore, the number of the electrically non-conductive isolation lines is not limited to one, and may be two or three. The present invention has no particular limitation on the number of the electrically non-conductive isolation lines.

[0057] Furthermore, the electrically non-conductive isolation line is formed by etching the first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer.

[0058] Furthermore, the etching method is ion beam etching (IBE), deep silicon etching (DRIE), reactive ion etching (RIE), focused ion beam etching (FIB), inductively coupled plasma etching (ICP), microwave plasma etching, laser external etching, laser internal etching or chemical etching.

[0059] Furthermore, it is completed by laser external etching or laser internal etching.

[0060] Furthermore, the laser external etching takes the first transparent substrate and the first transparent conductive layer as a separate entity, that is, takes the conductive film as the processing object, and etches from the first transparent conductive layer side to the first transparent substrate to form a dividing line, and the dividing line does not engrave to or does not penetrate the first transparent substrate. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention; and / or, takes the second transparent substrate and the second transparent conductive layer as a separate entity, and etches from the second transparent conductive layer side to the second transparent substrate to form a dividing line, and the dividing line does not engrave to or does not penetrate the second transparent substrate. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention.

[0061] Furthermore, the laser internal etching takes the entire dimming film as a whole, etches a dividing line from the first transparent substrate side to the first transparent conductive layer side, and the dividing line does not etch to or penetrate the second transparent substrate after etching through the first transparent conductive layer. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention; or etches a dividing line from the second transparent substrate side to the second transparent conductive layer side, and the dividing line does not etch to or penetrate the first transparent substrate after etching through the second transparent conductive layer. This dividing line area is referred to as the "electrically non-conductive isolation line" in the present invention.

[0062] A second aspect of the present invention provides a dimming glass comprising a first glass plate (4-1) and a second glass plate (4-2), and any one of the above-mentioned dimming films arranged between the first glass plate (4-1) and the second glass plate (4-2).

[0063] In the present invention, there is no special restriction on the types of the first glass plate and the second glass plate. They can be transparent glass for conventional dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art. They can be ordinary glass such as inorganic glass and organic glass, or functional glass such as UV blocking glass, IR blocking glass, Low-E glass, tempered glass or antibacterial glass, etc. They can also be selected from colored glass such as gray glass and brown glass.

[0064] Furthermore, a first interlayer (5-1) is provided between the first glass plate (4-1) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (5-2) is provided between the second glass plate (4-2) and the dimming film.

[0065] In the present invention, there is no special restriction on the types of the first interlayer and the second interlayer, which are conventional interlayers for dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art, and may be EVA film, TPU film, PVB film, or functional film, such as UV-blocking EVA film, UV-blocking TPU film, UV-blocking PVB film, etc., or films with certain colors, such as gray EVA film, gray TPU film, gray PVB film, etc.

[0066] In the present invention, the method for manufacturing the dimming glass is not particularly limited, and can be a conventional laminating method of dimming glass in the art, such as laminating in a laminator, or laminating in an autoclave or a laminating box / furnace.

[0067] The present invention controls the concentration distribution of active components in the light-controlling layer to obtain a dimming film with different visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the dimming film surface in the off or on state, which can meet the requirements of visible light transmittance changes in multiple application scenarios such as transportation or construction.

[0068] The dimming film / dimming glass of the present invention can be combined with other dimming films / dimming glasses to form a composite dimming film / dimming glass to meet the requirements of functionality and aesthetics in the fields of architecture and transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative work.

[0070] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dimming glass provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 6 A light transmittance distribution diagram of the dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention in an off state;

[0076] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-zone dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Among them, 1-1. first transparent substrate, 1-2. second transparent substrate, 2-1. first transparent conductive layer, 2-2. second transparent conductive layer, 3. light control layer, 4-1. first glass plate, 4-2. second glass plate, 5-1. first interlayer, 5-2. second interlayer, A-1. to A-4. electrically non-conductive isolation lines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] the term

[0079] In the present invention, the following terms used have the meanings defined below.

[0080] Open state:

[0081] Refers to the state of the dimming film after the recommended power is applied from the off state and the visible light transmittance is stabilized.

[0082] Off state:

[0083] Refers to the state when no power is applied to the dimming film, or the recommended power is turned off from the on state, and the visible light transmittance is stabilized.

[0084] Transparent conductive film:

[0085] A laminated composition of a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer.

[0086] At least one direction on the surface of the dimming film:

[0087] It means that if there is any plane passing through the dimming film, the cross section of this plane on the dimming film is the extension direction of the line segment at the intersection.

[0088] The maximum visible light transmittance Toff of the dimming film along at least one direction of the dimming film surface in the off state max , minimum visible light transmittance Toff min :

[0089] Refers to the off state of the dimming film. Assuming that there is a plane passing through the dimming film, the visible light transmittance is measured along this plane at the cross section of the dimming film, where the maximum visible light transmittance is Toff. max , the minimum visible light transmittance is Toff min .

[0090] The maximum visible light transmittance Ton of the dimming film along at least one direction of the dimming film surface when the dimming film is in the on state max , minimum visible light transmittance Ton min :

[0091] Refers to the state of the dimming film when there is a plane passing through the dimming film, and the visible light transmittance is measured at the cross section of the dimming film along this plane, where the maximum visible light transmittance is Ton max , the minimum visible light transmittance is Ton min .

[0092] The definitions of the on state, off state, Ton and Toff of the dimming glass are related to the dimming film.

[0093] The definition of the direction of photoactive component concentration is the same as above.

[0094] The transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was measured using a LS116 transmittance meter (Shenzhen Linshang Technology Co., Ltd.). When no voltage was applied (off state), the transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was marked as Toff=%; when the power recommended by the dimming film / smart glass was applied (on state), the transmittance of the dimming film / smart glass was marked as Ton=%.

[0095] The present invention, Figures 1 to 5 and Figure 7 In the figure, the darker the color, the higher the concentration of the photoactive component. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 The area 4-2 in the middle indicates that the concentration of the photoactive component changes continuously and gradually. Figure 3 and Figure 4 It indicates that the concentration of photoactive components changes in a gradient.

[0096] In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following specific examples are provided.

[0097] Example 1 Preparation of dimming film

[0098] Preparation of light-controlling particles:

[0099] Add 30g of isoamyl acetate solution containing 21.2wt% nitrocellulose (model SS1 / 4sec), 6g I2, 70g isoamyl acetate, 4g anhydrous CaI2 and 4g titanium dioxide (model P25) to a 250mL three-necked round-bottomed glass flask and heat to 42°C. After I2 is dissolved, add 6g anhydrous methanol, 0.8g distilled water and 4g 2,5-pyrazine dicarboxylic acid dihydrate to the above three-necked round-bottomed glass flask, heat and stir at 42°C to react for 4 hours, and then cool naturally. The resulting reaction solution is centrifuged at 1350G for 0.5h to remove large particle products, and then the supernatant is centrifuged at 18000G for 5h, and the supernatant is discarded to obtain light-controlled particles.

[0100] Preparation of polymer matrix precursor:

[0101] Dissolve 2.7g trisilyl hydroxyethyl-POSS in 190mL heptane to prepare a POSS solution. Add 54g hydroxyl-terminated dimethyl diphenyl polysiloxane and 190mL of the above POSS solution to a 500mL three-necked round-bottom glass flask. One side of the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is connected to a water separator and a condenser, a mechanical stirrer is installed in the middle, and a thermometer is placed on the other side; the solution in the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is heated to reflux for 30min. When a small amount of water appears in the water separator, add a catalyst stannous octoate solution (a solution formed by dissolving 0.13g stannous octoate in 10mL heptane). Then add a mixture of 3g hydrolyzed acryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and 1.8g hydrolyzed epoxypropyl trimethoxysilane dropwise for about 5 minutes. Then the condensation reaction is carried out for 5 hours, and then 30mL trimethylmethoxysilane is immediately added as a terminator for the reaction; the termination reaction lasts for 2h, and then it is quickly cooled to room temperature. Mix 50 mL of ethanol and the cooled reaction solution in a 1L beaker, and then wash the reaction bottle with 30 mL of heptane and pour it into the beaker. After mixing evenly, add 200 mL of methanol and stir for 15 minutes. Pour the resulting mixture into a 1L separatory funnel and let it stand for several hours to separate into layers. Take out the lower clear liquid and evaporate it at 70°C to finally obtain a polymer matrix precursor.

[0102] Prepare light control layer base emulsion:

[0103] 0.1 g of photoinitiator 819, 3.0 g of light-controlling particles, 26.9 g of suspension medium, i.e., dioctyl terephthalate, and 70.0 g of polymer matrix precursor were mixed evenly to obtain light-controlling layer matrix emulsion A.

[0104] Preparation of light control layer matrix emulsion diluent:

[0105] 0.1 g of photoinitiator 819 and 70.0 g of polymer matrix precursor were mixed evenly to obtain light control layer matrix emulsion diluent B.

[0106] Add the light-control layer matrix emulsion A to tank A, add the light-control layer matrix emulsion diluent B to tank B, and deliver the materials in tanks A and B to the die head through a gear pump. By setting a distribution system in the die head, control the concentration of light-control particles at the die lip outlet to gradually decrease from left to right, and use a roll-to-roll automatic coating machine to coat the ITO / PET transparent conductive film. Then, cover the light-control layer matrix emulsion wet film with another layer of ITO / PET transparent conductive film to obtain a wet film containing a light-control layer. In a nitrogen atmosphere, cure it in a UV curing box for 1 minute, and the UV power is 700W / m 2 , that is, Figure 1 In the dimming film 1 shown, the size of the concentration change area of ​​the light-controlling particles is 0.1 μm, and the parameters of the dimming film are shown in Table 1.

[0107] Example 2 Preparation of dimming film

[0108] The same as Example 1, except that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal light control layer matrix emulsion is used instead of the suspended particle light control layer matrix emulsion, to obtain the dimming film 2, the size of the concentration change area of ​​the light control particles is 0.3m, and the dimming film parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0109] Example 3 Preparation of dimming film

[0110] Same as Example 1, except that the distribution system in the film head is adjusted to control the concentration of the light-controlling particles to gradually decrease from the upper left to the lower right. Figure 2 As shown, the dimming film 3 is obtained. The size of the concentration change area of ​​the light-controlling particles is 0.5 μm, and the dimming film parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0111] Example 4 Preparation of dimming film

[0112] The same as Example 1, except that 4 light-controlling layer matrix emulsions with different light-controlling particle concentrations are configured, and the distribution system in the membrane head is adjusted to control the concentration of the light-controlling particles at the membrane lip outlet to decrease gradually from the upper left corner to the lower right corner in four regions. Figure 3 As shown, the dimming film 4 is obtained. The size of the concentration change area of ​​the light-controlling particles is 1.3 μm. The dimming film parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0113] Example 5 Preparation of dimming film

[0114] The same as Example 4, except that the distribution system in the membrane head is adjusted to control the concentration of the light-controlling particles at the membrane lip outlet to decrease gradually from left to right in four regions, such as Figure 4 As shown, the dimming film 5 is obtained. The size of the concentration change area of ​​the light-controlling particles is 0.02 m, and the dimming film parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0115] Example 6 Preparation of dimming film

[0116] The same as Example 1, except that the size of the concentration change area of ​​the light-controlling particles is 1.3 μm, and the dimming film 6 is obtained. The dimming film parameters are shown in Table 1 and Figure 6 .

[0117] Example 7 Preparation of dimming glass

[0118] Ordinary organic glass is used as the first transparent glass plate and the second transparent glass plate, and PVB material is used as the first interlayer and the second interlayer. Figure 5 As shown, the first transparent glass plate, the first interlayer, the dimming film prepared in Example 1, the second interlayer, and the second transparent glass plate are stacked in sequence, and the stacked layers are placed in an autoclave at 0.5 kPa and 110° C. for 30 minutes for lamination treatment to obtain a dimming glass product 1. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0119] Example 8 Preparation of multi-zone dimming film

[0120] A multi-zone dimming film is prepared, which is the same as in Example 1, except that A-1 to A-4 electrically non-conductive isolation lines are set by laser internal etching, and divided into three regions according to the change in the concentration of the photoactive component, wherein region 4-1 is a region where the concentration of the photoactive component remains unchanged, region 4-2 is the same as in Example 1, where the concentration of the photoactive component changes continuously and gradually, and region 4-3 is a region where the concentration of the photoactive component is zero. Figure 7 As shown, the two sides of the isolation line are in different switch states through circuit control, that is, a dimming film 7 is obtained, and the parameters of the dimming film are shown in Table 1.

[0121] Table 1 Parameters of the dimming films / dimming glasses prepared in Examples 1 to 8

[0122]

[0123] #Loff=Lon。

[0124] The electrically non-conductive isolation lines can be arranged according to actual needs, and can be arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and the specific number and position can be adjusted according to actual needs. Figure 7 No electrically non-conductive isolation line is set in the middle, that is, the entire dimming film is composed of three regions: region 4-1 where the concentration of the photoactive component remains unchanged, region 4-2 where the concentration of the photoactive component changes gradually, and region 4-3 where the concentration of the photoactive component is zero; specifically, as in Figure 7 Only A-1 is set in the circuit, and the dimming film is divided into two areas: the left area of ​​A-1 and the right area of ​​A-1. This is a zoned dimming film, which can be controlled by a circuit to realize that the left area of ​​A-1 is in an on state, the right area of ​​A-1 is in an off state, or other combinations.

[0125] Table 1 shows the change range of visible light transmittance and Q value of the dimming film in the off or on state. Taking Example 1 as an example, the dimming film in the off state presents a continuously gradually changing visible light transmittance ranging from 50.9% to 1.5%, and Qoff is 4.94.

[0126] The dimming range of the above dimming films in the on or off state can meet the requirements of continuously and gradually changing visible light transmittance in multiple scenes.

[0127] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dimming film with different light transmittance in off state, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first transparent substrate (1-1), a first transparent conductive layer (2-1), a light control layer (3), a second transparent conductive layer (2-2), and a second transparent substrate (1-2) which are sequentially stacked, wherein in an off state, there are regions with different visible light transmittances along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film, and Qoff is used to represent the degree of difference in visible light transmittance of the regions in this state. Qoff=(Toff max -Toff min ) / Loff, Toff max Toff is the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film along the direction in the off state, min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction, Loff = Toff max With Toff min The distance between two points in meters. Qoff is a dimensionless value, Among them, the Qoff value is: 30.0≥Qoff≥0.

05.

2. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Qoff value is: 20.0≥Qoff≥0.

08.

3. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Qoff value is: 15.0≥Qoff≥0.

1.

4. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the off state, the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film has a region where it changes continuously and gradually.

5. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The region where the visible light transmittance changes gradually along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film in the off state.

6. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimming film has different visible light transmittances in at least one direction along the surface of the dimming film in the on state, wherein the region with different visible light transmittances is a single-zone dimming region, and Qon is used to represent the degree of difference in visible light transmittance of the region in this state. Blood=(Tone max -Tone min ) / Lon, Ton max is the maximum visible light transmittance of the region along the direction in the open state, Ton min is the minimum visible light transmittance in the direction, Lon to Ton max With Ton min The distance between two points in meters. Qon is a dimensionless value, Among them, the Qon value is: 30.0≥Qon≥0.

05.

7. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Qon value is: 20.0≥Qon≥0.

08.

8. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Qon value is: 15.0≥Qon≥0.

1.

9. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the on state, the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film has a region where it changes continuously and gradually.

10. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: The region where the visible light transmittance along at least one direction of the surface of the dimming film in the on state changes gradually exists.

11. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-controlling layer (3) contains light-controlling active components.

12. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 11, characterized in that: The light-controlling active component includes at least one of nanoparticles, liquid crystals or electrochromic materials.

13. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 11, characterized in that: The concentration of the light-controlling active component varies in a region along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

14. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 11, characterized in that: The concentration of the light-controlling active component has a region where it changes continuously and gradually along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

15. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 11, characterized in that: The concentration of the light-controlling active component has a gradient variation region along at least one direction on the surface of the dimming film.

16. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 11, characterized in that: The light-controlling layer (3) contains a visually discernible area with a light-controlling active component concentration of zero.

17. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single-zone dimming area constitutes a whole dimming film.

18. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single dimming area and other dimming areas constitute a whole dimming film.

19. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: Every part of the first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) in the single-zone dimming area is electrically conductive.

20. The dimming film with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first transparent conductive layer (2-1) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (2-2) of the single-zone dimming area has a local area that is not electrically conductive with other areas, wherein the local area does not have a dimming function.

21. A dimming glass with different light transmittance in off state, characterized in that: It comprises a first glass plate (4-1) and a second glass plate (4-2), and a dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 20 arranged between the first glass plate (4-1) and the second glass plate (4-2).

22. The dimming glass with different light transmittance in off state according to claim 21, characterized in that: A first interlayer (5-1) is provided between the first glass plate (4-1) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (5-2) is provided between the second glass plate (4-2) and the dimming film.

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