A method for risk assessment of surface water environment in port hazardous cargo container storage yards

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of risk assessment, and discloses a method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port hazardous goods container yard. In addition to obtaining the release rate based on the existing generation amount and combustion time of representative substances, the method also considers the leakage coefficient, the total generation amount, and the release ratio. The leakage coefficient that directly affects the release rate is taken as a necessary condition. On the basis of the leakage coefficient, the release ratio is also combined. The comprehensive consideration of these parameters makes the prediction of the release rate more comprehensive and accurate, thereby improving the effectiveness and reliability of environmental risk management, obtaining an accurate storage plan, and avoiding the risk of fire and explosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of risk assessment, and in particular to a method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard. Background Art

[0002] Ecological and environmental security is an important part of national security and an important guarantee for the sustained and healthy development of the economy and society. The country attaches great importance to ecological and environmental security issues. At present, my country's structural and layout environmental risks have existed for a long time, environmental risk issues have become increasingly prominent, the causes of sudden environmental incidents are complex, large in quantity and wide in scope, the social attention is high, the environmental safety pressure is high, and the prevention and control situation is very severe. The port dangerous goods container yard is one of the main environmental safety issues and problems faced by the transportation industry. In order to effectively prevent and minimize the impact of dangerous goods container yard accidents on the ecological environment and improve the level of environmental risk prevention and control, this study will carry out key technology research on environmental risk prevention and control of port dangerous goods container yards, provide technical support for the environmental design of dangerous goods container yard projects and corporate environmental risk management, and serve the construction of green and safe ports. Surface water environmental risk events are mainly the leakage of liquid dangerous goods, the impact of water from fire and explosion accidents on planned rivers, and the impact of materials splashing into the sea under explosion accidents on the marine ecological environment. The existing technology uses the HEC-RAS model to predict surface water environmental risk events. Pollutant parameters, meteorological parameters, release rate, release height, and release time are input into the HEC-RAS model to obtain a concentration distribution map, determine the pool fire area, determine the impact range based on the pool fire area, and re-optimize the cargo storage plan. The existing technology only obtains the release rate through the amount of material generated and the burning time, ignoring the impact of the leakage rate. The amount of generation is only the maximum possible release in theory, while the actual release depends on the leakage rate, resulting in the inability to accurately reflect the actual leakage process, and thus the inability to accurately obtain the release rate, and thus the inability to obtain an accurate storage plan, increasing the risk of fire and explosion. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard, comprising:

[0004] Step 1, screen out representative substances from the accident site;

[0005] Step 2, constructing the HEC-RAS model;

[0006] Step 3, obtaining meteorological parameters and geographical parameters of the accident location;

[0007] Step 4, obtaining pollution source parameters at the accident occurrence point; the pollution source parameters include: release rate, release height and release time of representative substances;

[0008] The release rate of the representative substance is obtained, including:

[0009] Step 41, obtaining the leakage aperture area at the accident occurrence point;

[0010] Step 42, obtaining cargo pressure and cargo density in the container;

[0011] Step 43, obtaining the ambient pressure;

[0012] Step 44, obtaining the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity volatility of the cargo in the container;

[0013] Step 45, obtaining the leakage coefficient at the accident occurrence point according to the viscosity volatilization comprehensive coefficient, the leakage aperture area, the cargo pressure, the cargo density, and the environmental pressure;

[0014] ;

[0015] Among them, U represents the leakage coefficient at the accident point, the unit is m / s, represents the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity-volatility, Represents the leakage aperture area, Y w represents cargo pressure, Y h Represents environmental pressure, represents the density of cargo;

[0016] Step 46, calculating the generation amount of the representative substance, obtaining the total generation amount according to the generation amount, and obtaining the release ratio according to the generation amount and the total generation amount;

[0017] Step 47, obtaining the combustion time of the representative substance;

[0018] Step 48, obtaining the release rate according to the release ratio, the combustion time and the leakage coefficient;

[0019] Step 5, input the obtained meteorological parameters, geographical parameters, and pollution source parameters into the HEC-RAS model to obtain a representative substance concentration distribution map in the surface water environment and determine the health risk level of the surface water environment;

[0020] Step 6: Preset toxic endpoint concentrations for representative substances and optimize the hazardous goods storage plan based on the representative substance concentration distribution map and toxic endpoint concentrations.

[0021] Furthermore, the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity volatility obtained in the container is obtained, including:

[0022] Step 441, preset a reference viscosity of the cargo;

[0023] Step 442, obtaining the viscosity of the cargo in the container;

[0024] Step 443, obtaining activation energy of the cargo in the container;

[0025] Step 444, obtaining the ambient temperature at the accident occurrence point;

[0026] Step 445, constructing a first threshold and a second threshold;

[0027] Step 446, obtaining a viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient according to the reference viscosity, viscosity, activation energy, ambient temperature, the first threshold value, and the second threshold value.

[0028] Furthermore, the reference volatility value of the cargo in the container is obtained, and the reference volatility value is assigned as P; the reference viscosity is assigned as ;

[0029] The first threshold is greater than the reference viscosity And it is smaller than the numerical range of the reference volatility value P.

[0030] Furthermore, the second threshold is less than or equal to the reference viscosity. And it is greater than or equal to the numerical range of the reference volatility value P.

[0031] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient is:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, represents the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity and volatility, and its unit is dimensionless. Represents viscosity, represents the reference viscosity, represents the reference volatility value, is the first threshold, is the second threshold, is the volatility coefficient, is the activation energy, R is the gas coefficient, T is the ambient temperature, is the first viscosity sensitivity index, is the second viscosity sensitivity index, , , is the first volatility sensitivity index, is the second volatility sensitivity index, , .

[0034] The formula for release rate is:

[0035] ;

[0036] Where V represents the release rate of the representative substance, in m / s. Represents the total amount of representative substances produced, Less than 1, represents the amount of the i-th representative substance produced, n represents the total amount of representative substances, t is the burning time, U represents the leakage coefficient at the accident point, Represents the reference time.

[0037] Furthermore, based on the representative substance concentration distribution map, the maximum concentration of the representative substance and the distance of the representative substance from the accident occurrence point are obtained.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects:

[0039] The present invention not only considers the leakage coefficient, the total amount of production and the release ratio on the basis of the existing release rate obtained according to the production amount of representative substances and the combustion time, but also takes the leakage coefficient which directly affects the release rate as a necessary condition, and also combines the release ratio on the basis of the leakage coefficient. The comprehensive consideration of these parameters makes the prediction of the release rate more comprehensive and accurate, thereby improving the effectiveness and reliability of environmental risk management, obtaining an accurate storage plan and avoiding the risk of fire and explosion.

[0040] In addition to the existing method of obtaining the leakage coefficient through leakage pore area, pressure and density, the present invention also sets a viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient based on the characteristics of the viscosity and volatility index of the material, and sets corresponding leakage coefficients for materials with different viscosities and / or different volatility indexes, thereby reducing the leakage error under different circumstances, improving the accuracy of the release rate, and thus improving the model prediction accuracy, more accurately predicting the risk of accidents, and obtaining a more accurate storage solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 , specifically including:

[0045] Step 1: Screen out representative substances from the accident site.

[0046] This embodiment considers the storage yard closest to the atmospheric environment sensitive target as the accident occurrence point. The surface water environmental risk events are mainly liquid dangerous goods leakage time and fire and explosion accident water events. This embodiment takes the fire and explosion accident water time as the research subject. This embodiment only considers the associated / secondary pollutants of fire and explosion. The representative substances of associated / secondary pollutants of fire and explosion are CO, NO2, SO2, phosgene, HCN, PH3, HCl and HF.

[0047] Step 2: Build the HEC-RAS model.

[0048] Considering the thermal uplift during fire and explosion, the concentration distribution of associated / secondary pollutants CO, NO2, SO2, phosgene, HCN, PH3, HCl and HF are predicted using the HEC-RAS model. Meteorological parameters, geographical parameters, release rate, release height and release time of representative substances at the accident site are used as model parameters.

[0049] Step 3: Obtain the meteorological parameters and geographical parameters of the accident location.

[0050] Meteorological parameters may include wind speed, ambient temperature, relative humidity, and stability at the accident site. The wind speed, ambient temperature, relative humidity, and stability at the accident site under the most unfavorable weather conditions are collected through the meteorological system. Geographical parameters include the longitude and latitude of each representative material at the accident site collected through GPS equipment, and the distance between the current accident site and the river and residential area.

[0051] Step 4: Obtain pollution source parameters at the accident occurrence point. The pollution source parameters include: release rate, release height and release time of representative substances.

[0052] The release rate of the representative substance is obtained, including:

[0053] Step 41, obtaining the leakage aperture area at the accident occurrence point.

[0054] By combining the material strength, impact force and damage model of the container, the leakage aperture area generated when the container explodes / leaks can be predicted. The above technology belongs to the mature technology for predicting the leakage aperture area in the prior art, and its principle will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0055] Step 42, obtaining the cargo pressure and cargo density in the container.

[0056] Refer to the standard physical and chemical manual for cargo loaded in current containers to obtain cargo pressure and cargo density.

[0057] Step 43, obtaining the ambient pressure.

[0058] Consult the data from the local weather station to obtain the environmental pressure at the accident site.

[0059] Step 44, obtaining the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity volatility of the cargo in the container.

[0060] Step 441, preset a reference viscosity of the cargo.

[0061] Refer to the standard physical and chemical manual for cargo loaded in current containers to obtain the reference viscosity.

[0062] Step 442, obtaining the viscosity of the cargo in the container.

[0063] Use a viscometer to test the viscosity of the cargo in the container on site.

[0064] Step 443, obtaining the activation energy of the cargo in the container.

[0065] Refer to the standard physical and chemical manual for cargo currently loaded in containers to obtain the activation energy of the cargo.

[0066] Step 444, obtaining the ambient temperature at the accident occurrence point.

[0067] Data from the local weather station to obtain the ambient temperature when the accident occurred.

[0068] Step 445, constructing a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0069] The first threshold is greater than the reference viscosity and is less than the numerical range of the reference volatility value P. The second threshold is less than or equal to the reference viscosity And it is greater than or equal to the numerical range of the reference volatility value P. In this embodiment, the reference viscosity is preferably assigned as follows by referring to the reference volatility value of the cargo in the cargo container in the standard physical and chemical handbook of the material: , preferably, the reference viscosity =0.01Pa·s; assign a reference volatility value to P, preferably, the reference volatility value P=5kPa; obtain the first threshold value and the second threshold value of this embodiment according to the reference viscosity and the reference volatility value.

[0070] Step 446, obtaining a viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient according to the reference viscosity, viscosity, activation energy, ambient temperature, the first threshold value, and the second threshold value.

[0071] ;

[0072] In the formula, represents the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity and volatility, and its unit is dimensionless. Represents viscosity, represents the reference viscosity, represents the reference volatility value, is the first threshold, is the second threshold, is the volatility coefficient, is the activation energy, R is the gas coefficient, T is the ambient temperature, is the first viscosity sensitivity index, is the second viscosity sensitivity index, , , is the first volatility sensitivity index, is the second volatility sensitivity index, , .

[0073] , indicating that an increase in viscosity will lead to a decrease in the viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient. This is because the higher the viscosity, the more difficult it is for the material to flow, thus reducing the volatility rate. , indicating that a decrease in viscosity will lead to an increase in the viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient. This means that low-viscosity substances are more likely to volatilize. , indicating that substances with faster volatility will increase the viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient, indicating that such substances are more likely to volatilize. , indicating that substances with slower volatility will reduce the viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient, which means that such substances evaporate more slowly. This embodiment uses different formulas and sensitivity coefficients for high-viscosity and low-viscosity substances, respectively, which can significantly improve the accuracy of the model and more reliably predict the leakage rate and diffusion of different substances. The first formula is applicable to substances with high viscosity and slow volatility (such as heavy oil or certain polymer solutions) because they have higher viscosity and poorer volatility index. The second formula is applicable to substances with low viscosity and fast volatility (such as light fuels or solvents) because they have lower viscosity and stronger volatility index. Accurate leakage rate and diffusion predictions help to obtain more precise and accurate release rates, thereby improving the prediction accuracy of the model, thereby obtaining a more accurate optimized storage solution.

[0074] The calculation formula of volatility coefficient is:

[0075] .

[0076] In this embodiment, the gas coefficient R is defined as a gas coefficient, The ambient temperature T in this embodiment is regarded as an absolute temperature, T=tt+273.15,t t is the current ambient temperature, and the current ambient temperature can be converted into absolute temperature according to the above formula.

[0077] Step 45, obtaining the leakage coefficient of the accident occurrence point according to the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity volatilization, leakage aperture area, cargo pressure, cargo density, and environmental pressure.

[0078] ;

[0079] Among them, U represents the leakage coefficient at the accident point, the unit is m / s, represents the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity-volatility, Represents the leakage aperture area, Y w Represents cargo pressure, Y h Represents environmental pressure, Represents the density of cargo.

[0080] Step 46, calculating the generation amount of the representative substance, obtaining the total generation amount according to the generation amount, and obtaining the release ratio according to the generation amount and the total generation amount.

[0081] CO production:

[0082] ;

[0083] represents the amount of carbon monoxide produced, kg / s, C represents the carbon content in the substance, which is 85%, q represents the chemical incomplete combustion value, which ranges from 1.5% to 6.0%. In this embodiment, the most unfavorable value is 6.0%, and Q represents the mass of the substance participating in the combustion, t / s.

[0084] NO2 production

[0085] ;

[0086] represents the NO2 production rate, kg / s, B represents the fuel consumption, kg / s, N represents the nitrogen content, which is 0.85%, and Q represents the conversion rate of nitrogen in the fuel, which is 70%.

[0087] SO2 production

[0088] ;

[0089] represents sulfur dioxide emissions, CC represents the amount of material burned, and S represents the sulfur content in the material.

[0090] The emission source intensity of associated / secondary pollutants such as phosgene, HCN, PH3, HCl, HF, etc. is calculated through the element balance of the combustion equation, and the proportion converted into phosgene, HCN, HCl, HF, and PH3 is calculated at 5%.

[0091] The production amounts of the above representative substances are added together to obtain the total production amount, and the release ratio is obtained by taking the ratio of the production amount of each representative substance to the total production amount.

[0092] Release height:

[0093] Release height = release source physical height + flame height. For example, the maximum stacking layer of flammable and explosive dangerous goods is 2 layers, so considering the top container is on fire, the physical height of the emission source is about 4m. The flame height is calculated using the following formula:

[0094] ;

[0095] h represents the flame height, represents air density, r represents pool fire radius, g represents gravitational acceleration, and dm / dt is the burning rate per unit surface of liquid.

[0096] Step 47, obtaining the combustion time of the representative substance.

[0097] Step 48, obtaining the release rate according to the release ratio, the combustion time and the leakage coefficient.

[0098] ;

[0099] Where V represents the release rate of the representative substance, in m / s. Represents the total amount of representative substances produced, Less than 1, represents the amount of the i-th representative substance produced, n represents the total amount of representative substances, t is the burning time, U represents the leakage coefficient at the accident point, Represents the reference time, specifically the historical average burning time in the historical leakage records at the accident site.

[0100] It is worth noting that when leakage / explosion occurs at the accident site, there are two extreme cases: First, when leakage / explosion occurs, the internal cargo is ejected due to the large impact / explosion force, and part of the cargo is adsorbed on the container material, and this part of the substance will not be counted as the amount of production. Second, when leakage / explosion occurs, the cargo in the container undergoes a chemical reaction under high temperature to produce compounds, and this part of the substance will not be counted as the amount of production. Therefore, The total value after summing is not the same as Same, in addition, It is an ideal value of the amount produced, that is, the standard upper limit of the amount of dangerous goods leakage from containers.

[0101] Step 5: Input the obtained meteorological parameters, geographical parameters, and pollution source parameters into the HEC-RAS model to obtain a representative substance concentration distribution map in the surface water environment and determine the health risk level of the surface environment.

[0102] The HEC-RAS model calculates the concentration distribution of representative substances in the surface water environment after the accident, as well as the changing trend over time and wind direction based on the input meteorological parameters, geographical parameters, and pollution source parameters. For example, the model output shows that in the first few hours after the accident, some representative substances are mainly concentrated within 500 meters of the river around the accident site. As time goes by, the concentration gradually decreases, but a certain concentration of representative substances can still be detected within 1 to 2 kilometers downstream of the river.

[0103] Step 6: Preset toxic endpoint concentrations for representative substances and optimize the hazardous goods storage plan based on the representative substance concentration distribution map and toxic endpoint concentrations.

[0104] According to the concentration distribution map of representative substances, the maximum concentration of representative substances and the distance of representative substances from the accident site are obtained. The toxic endpoint concentration refers to the threshold at which a certain chemical substance will have adverse effects on the human body or the ecosystem when it reaches a certain concentration in the environment. When the actual measured concentration is close to or exceeds this threshold, it indicates that there is a significant risk and corresponding protective measures need to be taken. When the maximum concentration is close to or exceeds the toxic endpoint concentration, it means that the health risk level of the atmospheric environment is high. When the maximum concentration is greater than or exceeds the toxic endpoint concentration, it means that the health risk level of the atmospheric environment is extremely high. When the maximum concentration is much less than the toxic endpoint concentration, it means that the health risk level of the atmospheric environment is low.

[0105] Preferably, the toxic endpoint concentration of CO is: 95 mg / m 3 The toxic endpoint concentration of SO2 is: 79mg / m 3 The toxic endpoint concentration of NO2 is: 23mg / m 3 The toxic endpoint concentration of phosgene is: 1.2 mg / m 3 The toxic endpoint concentration of HNC is: 7.8 mg / m 3 The toxic endpoint concentration of PH3 is: 2.8 mg / m 3 The toxic endpoint concentration of HCL is: 33mg / m 3 The toxic endpoint concentration of HF is: 20 mg / m 3 The storage plan for dangerous goods is optimized. The optimized storage plan for dangerous goods is:

[0106] 1. When quinoline is burned in 35 standard containers at the same time, the maximum concentrations of CO and NO2 can meet the requirements of toxic endpoint concentration. Therefore, according to the design, the storage capacity of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) is 35 standard containers. It is determined that for quinoline substances, the storage is based on the designed maximum of 35 standard containers.

[0107] 2. When the number of standard containers of ethyl mercaptan is 37, the maximum concentration is close to the toxic endpoint concentration of sulfur dioxide. Therefore, the sulfur-containing substances are limited, and the maximum stockpile volume of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) cannot exceed 37 boxes.

[0108] 3. According to the secondary pollutants such as propyl isocyanate containing HCN, when the maximum inventory is 35 standard containers, the maximum concentration is 6.09 mg / m 3 , which can meet the requirements of toxic endpoint concentration. Therefore, the stockpile volume of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) is 35 boxes. It is determined that for secondary pollutants such as propyl isocyanate containing HCN, the maximum designed 35 standard boxes are stored without capacity limit.

[0109] 4. For secondary pollutants such as 1,1-dichloroethane and phosgene, the maximum concentration is 0.9 mg / m 3 , which is close to the toxic endpoint concentration of phosgene. Therefore, secondary pollutants including phosgene are stored in different areas, and the maximum storage capacity of a single area (A / B / C / D area) is 1 box.

[0110] 5. According to secondary pollutants such as trimethyl phosphite, including PH3, the maximum concentration is 2.7 mg / m 3 , which is close to the toxic endpoint concentration of PH3. Therefore, secondary pollutants including PH3 are stored in different areas, and the maximum storage capacity of a single area (A / B / C / D area) is 1 box.

[0111] 6. For secondary pollutants such as 2-chloropropane containing hydrogen chloride, the maximum concentration of 16 standard boxes is 32.98 mg / m 3 , which is close to the toxic endpoint concentration of hydrogen chloride. Therefore, for chlorine-containing substances, the maximum stockpile capacity of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) is 16 boxes.

[0112] 7. For secondary pollutants such as fluorobenzene containing hydrogen fluoride, the maximum concentration for 35 standard containers is 10.20 mg / m 3 , which is close to the toxic endpoint concentration of hydrogen fluoride, the stockpile capacity of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) is 35 standard containers. Therefore, for fluorine-containing substances, a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) is stored according to the designed maximum of 35 standard containers, without capacity limit.

[0113] In summary, according to the toxic endpoint concentration of secondary pollutants, the capacity of sulfur-containing substances, chlorine-containing substances, phosphorus-containing substances, and secondary pollutants including phosgene are limited. The capacity of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) for sulfur-containing substances is limited to 37 boxes, the capacity of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) for chlorine-containing substances is limited to 16 boxes, and the capacity of a single pile area (A / B / C / D area) for phosphorus-containing substances and chlorine-containing substances whose secondary pollutants include phosgene is limited to 1 box.

[0114] It should be noted that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, rather than limiting the scope of the present application. As shown in the present specification, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "one", "a", "a kind of" and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. The terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method or device including the elements.

[0115] It should also be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard, characterized in that: include: Step 1, screen out representative substances from the accident site; Step 2, constructing the HEC-RAS model; Step 3, obtaining meteorological parameters and geographical parameters of the accident location; Step 4, obtaining pollution source parameters at the accident occurrence point; The pollution source parameters include: release rate, release height and release time of representative substances; The release rate of the representative substance is obtained, including: Step 41, obtaining the leakage aperture area at the accident occurrence point; Step 42, obtaining cargo pressure and cargo density in the container; Step 43, obtaining the ambient pressure; Step 44, obtaining the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity volatility of the cargo in the container; including: Step 441, preset a reference viscosity of the cargo; Obtain the reference volatility value of the cargo in the container, the reference volatility value is assigned as P; the reference viscosity is assigned as ; Step 442, obtaining the viscosity of the cargo in the container; Step 443, obtaining activation energy of the cargo in the container; Step 444, obtaining the ambient temperature at the accident occurrence point; Step 445, constructing a first threshold and a second threshold; Step 446, obtaining a viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient according to the reference viscosity, viscosity, activation energy, ambient temperature, the first threshold value, and the second threshold value; The first threshold is greater than the reference viscosity and is less than the numerical range of the reference volatility value P; the second threshold is less than or equal to the reference viscosity And the value range is greater than or equal to the reference volatility value P; According to the reference viscosity, viscosity, activation energy, ambient temperature, first threshold value and second threshold value, the viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient is obtained; Step 45, obtaining the leakage coefficient at the accident occurrence point according to the viscosity volatilization comprehensive coefficient, the leakage aperture area, the cargo pressure, the cargo density, and the environmental pressure; ； Among them, U represents the leakage coefficient at the accident point, the unit is m / s, represents the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity-volatility, Represents the leakage aperture area, Y w Represents cargo pressure, Y h Represents environmental pressure, represents the density of cargo; Step 46, calculating the generation amount of the representative substance, obtaining the total generation amount according to the generation amount, and obtaining the release ratio according to the generation amount and the total generation amount; Step 47, obtaining the combustion time of the representative substance; Step 48, obtaining the release rate according to the release ratio, the combustion time and the leakage coefficient; Step 5, input the obtained meteorological parameters, geographical parameters, and pollution source parameters into the HEC-RAS model to obtain a representative substance concentration distribution map in the surface water environment and determine the health risk level of the surface water environment; Step 6: Preset toxic endpoint concentrations for representative substances and optimize the hazardous goods storage plan based on the representative substance concentration distribution map and toxic endpoint concentrations.

2. A method for assessing surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the viscosity-volatility comprehensive coefficient is: ； In the formula, represents the comprehensive coefficient of viscosity and volatility, and its unit is dimensionless. Represents viscosity, represents the reference viscosity, represents the reference volatility value, is the first threshold, is the second threshold, is the volatility coefficient, is the activation energy, R is the gas coefficient, T is the ambient temperature, is the first viscosity sensitivity index, is the second viscosity sensitivity index, , , is the first volatility sensitivity index, is the second volatility sensitivity index, , .

3. A method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard according to claim 2, characterized in that: The formula for release rate is: ； Where V represents the release rate of the representative substance, in m / s. Represents the total amount of representative substances produced, Less than 1, represents the amount of the i-th representative substance produced, n represents the total amount of representative substances, t is the burning time, U represents the leakage coefficient at the accident point, Represents the reference time.

4. A method for assessing the surface water environment risk of a port dangerous goods container yard according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the representative substance concentration distribution map, the maximum concentration of the representative substance and the distance of the representative substance from the accident occurrence point are obtained.

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