Contactor and power supply system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power supply equipment, and particularly provides a contactor and a power supply system. The contactor comprises a shell, a push rod and three groups of contact assemblies, and movable contacts of the contact assemblies are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the push rod. And the spacing distance meets the condition that the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in the disconnected position when the first contact assembly is in the closed position and the first contact assembly is in the disconnected position when the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in the closed position, and the movable contacts of each group of contact assemblies are in insulation fit with the push rod. The power supply system comprises a first battery pack, a second battery pack and the contactor. According to the invention, by setting the special position relation of the three groups of contact assemblies, the series charging loop and the parallel discharging loop of the power supply system are ensured not to be simultaneously communicated or adhered, so that the safety of the power supply system is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power supply equipment, and in particular relates to a contactor and a power supply system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of lithium battery technology, the power configuration of the whole vehicle is getting higher and higher, and the range anxiety problem is being alleviated. However, the energy replenishment anxiety caused by the long energy replenishment (charging) time is still a key pain point that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Increasing charging power is the fundamental means to increase charging speed. There are currently two technical routes: one is to increase charging current, and the other is to increase charging voltage. The disadvantages of increasing charging current are: first, high requirements for single-cell batteries, requiring the battery cells to support high-rate charging capabilities; second, requiring the power harness to be thick, heavy, costly, and energy-intensive. In other words, increasing charging current requires increasing the power harness diameter, which leads to occupying vehicle space, increasing vehicle weight, increasing vehicle cost, and reducing charging efficiency; while increasing charging voltage can increase charging power, energy consumption, and shorten charging time without changing current, or the power harness diameter can be made thinner, lighter, cost-saving, and energy-saving without changing power.

[0004] Increasing the battery voltage can be achieved by connecting battery packs in series. For example, the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN207939235U (publication date: 2018.10.02) discloses a fast charging circuit. Specifically, the first battery pack and the second battery pack are discharged in parallel through a discharge switch, and are charged in series through a charging switch, thereby improving the charging power.

[0005] In the prior art, the above-mentioned charge / discharge switch generally uses an electromagnetic contactor. However, the heat released during the switching process can easily cause the contact pieces and contacts of the electromagnetic contactor to stick together. For example, when the series circuit has not yet been separated, the parallel circuit has been connected, causing the series circuit and the parallel circuit to be connected. At this time, the battery pack may be discharged in series, which is not safe enough, and the battery pack may be charged in parallel, and the actual charging power is still not high. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a contactor to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the parallel discharge circuit and the series charging circuit are easily connected when the parallel discharge and series charging circuit switches are stuck. The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a power supply system to solve the same technical problem as above.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the contactor provided by the present invention is:

[0008] A contactor comprises a shell, a push rod and a contact assembly, wherein the contact assembly comprises a static contact arranged on the shell and a moving contact arranged on the push rod, and the contact assembly comprises three groups, namely a first contact assembly for connecting to a series circuit of a first battery group and a second battery group, a second contact assembly for connecting to a parallel output positive circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group, and a third contact assembly for connecting to a parallel output negative circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group. The moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the push rod, and the spacing distance satisfies that when the first contact assembly is in a closed position, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in an open position, and when the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in a closed position, the first contact assembly is in an open position, and the moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are insulated and matched with the push rod.

[0009] The beneficial effect is that the present invention pioneers a linkage electromagnetic contactor. The contactor in the present invention can realize the connection of series discharge and parallel power-on circuits, thereby improving the charging efficiency. At the same time, the moving contacts of the first contact component, the second contact component and the third contact component are arranged on the push rod at intervals, so that one push rod can control the on and off of the two circuits. When the first contact component is closed, the second contact component and the third contact component are disconnected at the same time. At this time, the first battery group and the second battery group are charged in series. When the second contact component and the third contact component are closed at the same time, the first contact component is disconnected. At this time, the first battery group and the second battery group are discharged in parallel. This ensures that the series charging circuit and the parallel discharge circuit of the power supply system cannot be connected or adhered at the same time, which greatly improves the safety of the power supply system.

[0010] As a further improvement, the movable contacts of at least one group of contact assemblies are arranged on two opposite sides of the push rod.

[0011] The beneficial effect is that the static contacts are arranged on two opposite sides by utilizing the width of the contactor, and when the static contacts are connected to the wires, a larger insulation distance can be maintained between the guides, thereby improving safety.

[0012] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0013] The beneficial effect is that at this time, while ensuring that the overall size of the contactor is small, a larger distance can be set between the first contact component (series circuit) and the second contact component and the third contact component (parallel circuit), thereby further improving safety.

[0014] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged on opposite sides of the push rod, and there is a certain angle between the projections of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly in the moving direction of the push rod, and the static contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly both pass through the side of the shell.

[0015] The beneficial effect is that the static contacts are arranged in the side circumferential space of the contactor, the integration is higher, and the second contact component and the third contact component can be ensured to have a longer insulation distance when wiring.

[0016] As a further improvement, the angle between the projections of the second contact component and the third contact component in the moving direction of the push rod is a right angle.

[0017] The beneficial effect is that a "cross"-shaped structure is formed, which ensures that there is a long insulation distance between the wires when the second contact component and the third contact component are connected to the wires.

[0018] As a further improvement, the static contact of the first contact assembly passes through the top of the housing.

[0019] The beneficial effect is that the static contact of the first contact assembly (series circuit) is arranged in the top space of the shell, which can prevent fooling around and ensure a long insulation distance between the wires when connecting the wires.

[0020] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged on opposite sides of the push rod, and the projections of any two of the three moving contacts on the moving direction of the push rod have a certain angle.

[0021] The beneficial effect is that at this time, it can be ensured that any two static contacts can have a long insulation distance, which is convenient for connecting wires and has good safety.

[0022] As a further improvement, the included angle of the projections of any two groups of moving contacts among the three moving contacts in the moving direction of the push rod is a right angle.

[0023] The beneficial effect is that a double "cross"-shaped structure is formed, which ensures that when any two sets of moving contacts are connected to the wires, there is a long insulation distance between the wires.

[0024] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are mounted on the push rod through an insulating sleeve.

[0025] The beneficial effect is that the push rod can be made of conventional materials, which has lower cost.

[0026] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the power supply system provided by the present invention is:

[0027] A power supply system includes a first battery group and a second battery group, wherein a series charging circuit, a parallel discharging circuit and a contactor for controlling the on and off of the series charging circuit and the parallel discharging circuit are connected between the first battery group and the second battery group, the contactor includes a shell, a push rod and a contact assembly, the contact assembly includes a static contact arranged on the shell and a moving contact arranged on the push rod, the contact assembly includes three groups, namely a first contact assembly for connecting to the series circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group, a second contact assembly for connecting to the parallel output positive circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group, and a third contact assembly for connecting to the parallel output negative circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group, the moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the push rod, and the spacing distance satisfies that when the first contact assembly is in a closed position, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in an open position, and when the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in a closed position, the first contact assembly is in an open position, and the moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are insulated and matched with the push rod.

[0028] The beneficial effect is that the present invention improves the "series charging and discharging" power supply system in the prior art. The moving contacts of the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged at intervals on the push rod, so that one push rod can control the on and off of two circuits. When the first contact assembly is closed, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are disconnected at the same time. At this time, the first battery group and the second battery group are charged in series. When the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are closed at the same time, the first contact assembly is disconnected. At this time, the first battery group and the second battery group are discharged in parallel. This ensures that the series charging circuit and the parallel discharging circuit of the power supply system cannot be connected or adhered at the same time, which greatly improves the safety of the power supply system.

[0029] As a further improvement, the movable contacts of at least one group of contact assemblies are arranged on two opposite sides of the push rod.

[0030] The beneficial effect is that the static contacts are arranged on two opposite sides by utilizing the width of the contactor, and when the static contacts are connected to the wires, a larger insulation distance can be maintained between the guides, thereby improving safety.

[0031] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0032] The beneficial effect is that at this time, while ensuring that the overall size of the contactor is small, a larger distance can be set between the first contact component (series circuit) and the second contact component and the third contact component (parallel circuit), thereby further improving safety.

[0033] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged on opposite sides of the push rod, and there is a certain angle between the projections of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly in the moving direction of the push rod, and the static contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly both pass through the side of the shell.

[0034] The beneficial effect is that the static contacts are arranged in the side circumferential space of the contactor, the integration is higher, and the second contact component and the third contact component can be ensured to have a longer insulation distance when wiring.

[0035] As a further improvement, the angle between the projections of the second contact component and the third contact component in the moving direction of the push rod is a right angle.

[0036] The beneficial effect is that a "cross"-shaped structure is formed, which ensures that there is a long insulation distance between the wires when the second contact component and the third contact component are connected to the wires.

[0037] As a further improvement, the static contact of the first contact assembly passes through the top of the housing.

[0038] The beneficial effect is that the static contact of the first contact assembly (series circuit) is arranged in the top space of the shell, which can prevent fooling around and ensure a long insulation distance between the wires when connecting them.

[0039] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged on opposite sides of the push rod, and the projections of any two of the three moving contacts on the moving direction of the push rod have a certain angle.

[0040] The beneficial effect is that at this time, it can be ensured that any two static contacts can have a long insulation distance, which is convenient for connecting wires and has good safety.

[0041] As a further improvement, the included angle of the projections of any two groups of moving contacts among the three moving contacts in the moving direction of the push rod is a right angle.

[0042] The beneficial effect is that a double "cross"-shaped structure is formed, which ensures that when any two sets of moving contacts are connected to the wires, there is a long insulation distance between the wires.

[0043] As a further improvement, the moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are mounted on the push rod through an insulating sleeve.

[0044] The beneficial effect is that the push rod can be made of conventional materials, which has lower cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of the structure of contactor embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a structural side sectional view of contactor embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is an electrical schematic diagram of a power supply system adapted to contactor embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 1a, first moving contact; 1b, first stationary contact; 2a, second moving contact; 2b, second stationary contact; 3a, third moving contact; 3b, third stationary contact; 4a, fourth moving contact; 4b, fourth stationary contact; 5a, fifth moving contact; 5b, fifth stationary contact; 6a, sixth moving contact; 6b, sixth stationary contact; 100, push rod; 200, spring; 300, coil; 400, insulating sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to solve the problem of direct connection between the charging circuit and the discharging circuit caused by the adhesion of the contactors in the "parallel discharge and series charging" power supply system, the basic concept of the present invention is to integrate the contact moving contacts of the charging circuit and the contact moving contacts of the discharging circuit in the push rod of the same contactor, design the spatial position relationship between the moving contacts, and realize linkage control, which fundamentally solves the problem of simultaneous adhesion of the contactors and improves the safety of the power supply system.

[0051] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0052] Specific embodiment 1 of the contactor provided by the present invention:

[0053] The contactor in this embodiment is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a shell made of insulating material, and a push rod 100 is movably installed in the shell. The contactor also includes a contact assembly, and the contact assembly includes a moving contact and a static contact. The static contact and the moving contact are in contact to achieve the closing of the circuit, and the static contact and the moving contact are separated to achieve the disconnection of the circuit. The static contact is installed on the shell, and the moving contact is installed on the push rod 100, and can move with the push rod 100 to achieve contact and separation with the static contact. An electromagnetic drive mechanism for driving the push rod to move is also provided between the shell and the push rod 100, specifically including a spring 200 and a coil 300. The electromagnetic drive principle is a prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0054] The contact assembly includes three groups, namely the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly. The first contact assembly is used to connect the series circuit of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and specifically includes a fifth moving contact 5a, a fifth static contact 5b, a sixth moving contact 6a and a sixth static contact 6b. When in use, Figure 3As shown, the fifth static contact 5b and the sixth static contact 6b can be connected to the series charging circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group. When the fifth moving contact 5a and the fifth static contact 5b and the sixth moving contact 6a and the sixth static contact 6b are in contact, the series circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group is connected.

[0055] The second contact assembly is used to connect the parallel output positive output circuit of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and specifically includes a first moving contact 1a, a first static contact 1b, a second moving contact 2a and a second static contact 2b. When in use, Figure 3 As shown, the first static contact 1b and the second contact point 2b can be connected to the output positive circuit of the parallel discharge circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group. When the first moving contact 1a and the first static contact 1b and the second moving contact 2a and the second static contact 2b are in contact, the parallel positive circuits of the first battery group and the second battery group are connected.

[0056] The third contact assembly is used to connect the parallel output negative output circuit of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and specifically includes a third moving contact 3a, a third static contact 3b, a fourth moving contact 4a and a fourth static contact 4b. When in use, Figure 3 As shown, the third static contact 3b and the fourth contact point 4b can be connected to the output negative circuit of the parallel discharge circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group. When the third moving contact 3a and the third static contact 3b and the fourth moving contact 4a and the fourth static contact 4b are in contact, the parallel negative circuits of the first battery group and the second battery group are connected.

[0057] It can be seen from this that this embodiment can realize the "serial charging and discharging" of the power supply system, ensure a higher charging voltage during charging, and increase the charging speed.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the moving contacts of the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are all arranged on the push rod 100, so that one contactor and one push rod can switch the charging and discharging circuits, and the compactness is good. At the same time, the spacing distance between the moving contacts of the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly opposite to the moving direction of the push rod 100 (the up and down direction in the figure) satisfies that when the fifth moving contact 5a and the sixth moving contact 6a are in the closed position, the first moving contact 1a, the second moving contact 2a, the third moving contact 3a, and the fourth moving contact 4a are all in the open position. Conversely, when the fifth moving contact 5a and the sixth moving contact 6a are in the open position, the first moving contact 1a, the second moving contact 2a, the third moving contact 3a, and the fourth moving contact 4a are all in the closed position.

[0059] This embodiment fundamentally ensures that the series charging circuit and the parallel discharging circuit of the power supply system cannot be connected at the same time and will not be stuck at the same time through the special positional relationship of the three groups of contact components, thereby improving the safety of the power supply system.

[0060] Furthermore, the movable contacts of the three groups of contact assemblies are arranged on opposite sides of the push rod, that is, a "I"-shaped contact piece is formed, at which the width of the contactor can be fully utilized to ensure a large distance between the static contacts, thereby improving the safety of connecting the wires. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that the effect brought about by the arrangement relationship of the movable contacts here corresponds to the movable contacts of each group of contact assemblies. In some embodiments, even if only one group of movable contacts of the contact assemblies is arranged on opposite sides of the push rod, the same effect is achieved for the group of contact contacts.

[0061] In this embodiment, the second contact component and the third contact component are adjacent to each other. In this case, the first contact component can be arranged at a position far away from the second contact component and the third contact component, so as to further improve the electrical insulation distance and ensure safety.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the static contact of the first contact assembly passes through the top of the shell, which can ensure that the first contact assembly connected to the series circuit has a long insulation distance from the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly, and can also play an anti-fool effect.

[0063] In addition, in this embodiment, the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are at a certain angle in their opposite spatial positions. Specifically, the projections of the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the moving contacts of the third contact assembly in the direction of the push rod movement have a certain angle, and the static contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly both pass through the side of the shell. At this time, the circumferential space of the contactor can be effectively utilized, and the static contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly can be arranged at a farther position to ensure that the connecting wires have a farther distance and good safety. As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the angle of the projections of the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly in the direction of the push rod movement is a right angle, and a "cross" structure is formed at this time, which can make full use of the circumferential space of the contactor and the length of the moving contacts to ensure the insulation distance between the wires.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the projections of any two groups of moving contacts in the opposite spatial positions of the moving contacts of the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly in the direction of the push rod movement have a certain angle. In this case, a relatively long insulation distance can be ensured between any two static contacts. Moreover, in this embodiment, the angles of the projections of any two adjacent moving contacts in the direction of the push rod movement are right angles, forming a double "cross" structure, which can fully utilize the circumferential space of the contactor and the length of the moving contacts to ensure the insulation distance between the wires.

[0065] In this embodiment, the moving contacts of each group of contact components are installed on the push rod 100 through the insulating sleeve 400, and the insulating sleeve 400 ensures the insulation matching relationship between the moving contact and the push rod 100. Specifically, the outer periphery of the insulating sleeve 400 is provided with a limiting groove, and the moving contact is sleeved on the limiting groove. Under the limiting effect of the limiting groove, the moving contact and the push rod form a stable connection.

[0066] The specific embodiment 2 of the contactor provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the moving contacts are arranged in pairs on two opposite sides of the push rod. In this embodiment, the moving contacts are arranged on two adjacent sides of the push rod, forming an "L"-shaped structure, which can also realize the switching of the "series charging and discharging" circuit. In order to ensure the insulation distance of the wire, the size of the contactor needs to be appropriately enlarged.

[0067] The specific embodiment 3 of the contactor provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are adjacent. In this embodiment, the moving contact of the first contact assembly is arranged between the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly, and the switching of the "series charging and discharging" circuit can also be realized. In order to ensure the insulation distance of the wire, the size of the contactor needs to be appropriately enlarged.

[0068] The specific embodiment 4 of the contactor provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the moving contact is installed on the push rod through the insulating sleeve to achieve insulation between the insulating sleeve and the push rod. In this case, the push rod can be a common metal push rod, which is low in cost. In this embodiment, the push rod can be a push rod made of insulating material, and the moving contact can be directly mounted on the push rod to achieve insulation.

[0069] The specific embodiment 5 of the contactor provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the static contact of the first contact assembly passes through the top of the shell. In this embodiment, the static contact of the first contact assembly can also pass through the side of the shell, and the normal closure of the circuit can also be achieved.

[0070] Specific embodiments of the power supply system in the present invention:

[0071] The power supply system includes a first battery group and a second battery group, a series charging circuit and a parallel discharging circuit are connected between the first battery group and the second battery group, and also includes a contactor for controlling the connection and disconnection of the series charging circuit and the parallel discharging circuit. The contactor is the contactor recorded in any one of embodiments 1 to 5 of the above-mentioned contactor, and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a push rod and a contact assembly, wherein the contact assembly comprises a static contact arranged on the shell and a moving contact arranged on the push rod, and the contact assembly comprises three groups, namely a first contact assembly for connecting to a series circuit of a first battery group and a second battery group, a second contact assembly for connecting to a parallel output positive circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group, and a third contact assembly for connecting to a parallel output negative circuit of the first battery group and the second battery group. The moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the push rod, and the spacing distance satisfies that when the first contact assembly is in a closed position, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in an open position, and when the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are simultaneously in a closed position, the first contact assembly is in an open position, and the moving contacts of each group of contact assemblies are insulated and matched with the push rod.

2. The contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable contacts of at least one group of contact assemblies are arranged on two opposite sides of the push rod.

3. The contactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged adjacent to each other.

4. The contactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged on opposite sides of the push rod, and there is a certain angle between the projections of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly in the moving direction of the push rod, and the static contacts of the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly both pass through the side of the shell.

5. The contactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angle between the projections of the second contact component and the third contact component in the moving direction of the push rod is a right angle.

6. The contactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stationary contact of the first contact assembly passes through the top of the housing.

7. The contactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The moving contacts of the first contact assembly, the second contact assembly and the third contact assembly are arranged on two opposite sides of the push rod, and there is a certain angle between the projections of any two of the moving contacts in the moving direction of the push rod.

8. The contactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angle between the projections of any two of the three moving contacts on the moving direction of the push rod is a right angle.

9. The contactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The moving contacts of each group of contact components are installed on the push rod through an insulating sleeve.

10. A power supply system, comprising a first battery pack and a second battery pack, wherein a series charging circuit, a parallel discharging circuit, and a contactor for controlling the on-off of the series charging circuit and the parallel discharging circuit are connected between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, characterized in that: The contactor is the contactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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