Container type energy storage system and battery management system

Abstract

The invention discloses a container type energy storage system and a battery management system in the technical field of energy storage systems, the battery management system comprises a plurality of third-level BMSs, each third-level BMS is in communication connection with a plurality of second-level BMSs, each second-level BMS is in communication connection with a plurality of first-level BMSs, and each first-level BMS is in communication connection with a plurality of second-level BMSs. Each primary BMS is connected to a corresponding battery module in an energy storage system; one of the three-stage BMSs is set as a master three-stage BMS, the other three-stage BMSs are set as slave three-stage BMSs, and all the slave three-stage BMSs are in communication connection with the master three-stage BMS. The three-stage BMS is designed in a two-stack master-slave mode, the number of the battery clusters is increased, the circulation of the battery cells is reduced, and the available capacity of the energy storage container is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and in particular to a containerized energy storage system and a battery management system. Background Art

[0002] In the energy storage system, the battery management system BMS is responsible for monitoring, protecting and controlling the operating status of the battery pack to ensure its safe, efficient and reliable operation. With the continuous expansion of the scale of energy storage power stations, from small and medium-sized power stations to MW-level and GW-level large-scale energy storage power stations, container energy storage systems have broad application prospects and development potential in the field of energy storage with their unique integrated design, diversified application scenarios and superior technical performance. In existing large-capacity containers, there are too many parallel battery clusters in a single battery stack, which easily leads to problems of battery cell circulation and short-board effect, and insufficient available capacity of the entire cabin. The present invention proposes a technical solution aimed at improving the available capacity and performance of the container. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a containerized energy storage system and a battery management system to solve the technical problems of battery cell circulation, short board effect and insufficient available capacity in the existing containerized energy storage system.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery management system for a containerized energy storage system, comprising a plurality of three-level BMSs, each of the three-level BMSs being communicatively connected to a plurality of second-level BMSs, each of the second-level BMSs being communicatively connected to a plurality of first-level BMSs, and each of the first-level BMSs being connected to a corresponding battery module in the energy storage system; one of the three-level BMSs is set as a master three-level BMS, and the remaining three-level BMSs are set as slave three-level BMSs, and all of the slave three-level BMSs are communicatively connected to the master three-level BMS.

[0005] In the above solution, multiple three-level BMS are used to control the energy storage system in a single container, and the battery module is divided into different battery units. At this time, the number of battery clusters in each battery unit will be reduced, which will effectively reduce the battery cell circulation and short board effect problems. The corresponding battery clusters are managed step by step through the first-level BMS, the second-level BMS, and the third-level BMS, and all information is finally aggregated to the main three-level BMS through communication connections to ensure information synchronization and fault linkage protection of all battery clusters in the container.

[0006] Optionally, the three-level BMS and the two-level BMS, the two-level BMS and the one-level BMS, and the master three-level BMS and the slave three-level BMS are all connected via bus communication.

[0007] In the above scheme, the BMS at all levels are connected through the bus to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of information exchange.

[0008] Optionally, the first-level BMS collects operating data of the corresponding battery module and uploads it to the corresponding second-level BMS. The second-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding first-level BMS and upload it to the corresponding third-level BMS. The slave third-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding second-level BMS. The master third-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding second-level BMS and the slave third-level BMS.

[0009] In the above scheme, the first-level BMS, as the lowest-level battery management system, is directly connected to the battery module to collect operating data. The second-level BMS, as an intermediate-level battery management system, is used to summarize the data collected by multiple first-level BMSs downstream and upload them to the third-level BMS. The third-level BMS, as the highest-level battery management system, summarizes the collected data of the battery cluster and performs unified control processing. The purpose of setting up multiple third-level BMS is to expand the number of battery clusters and information synchronization, and realize fault linkage protection while reducing the circulating current of the battery cells.

[0010] Optionally, the operating data of the battery module includes voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC status and fault alarm diagnosis information of the battery module.

[0011] In the above scheme, the purpose of collecting operation data at each level of BMS is to calculate the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module, so as to send the control signal to the energy storage converter PCS. Therefore, the collected operation data is mainly for calculating the relevant parameters of the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module.

[0012] Optionally, the main three-level BMS is connected to a display, an air-conditioning system and a fire protection system in the energy storage system via a bus.

[0013] In the above solution, multiple battery units share one display, making full use of resources and saving costs. The display can be used to display the operating data of the battery module. All collected data is synchronously summarized through the main three-level BMS to control the air conditioning system and fire protection system to achieve fault linkage protection.

[0014] Optionally, the main three-level BMS is connected to the energy storage converter PCS in the energy storage system via a bus.

[0015] In the above scheme, the main three-level BMS can integrate the calculation function, calculate the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module according to the summarized working condition data, and control the energy storage converter PCS to charge or discharge according to the optimal power value, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the energy storage system. Using the bus for communication can ensure the accuracy and timeliness of communication.

[0016] Optionally, the main three-level BMS is connected to a switch in the energy storage system via a network cable, the switch is connected to an energy management system EMS via a network cable, and the energy storage converter PCS is connected to the energy management system EMS in the energy storage system via a bus.

[0017] By uploading information to the energy management system EMS through the switch, unified supervision can be carried out. When the main three-level BMS does not integrate the calculation function, the energy management system EMS can calculate the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module based on the summarized operating condition data, and control the energy storage converter PCS to charge or discharge according to the optimal power value, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a containerized energy storage system, comprising the above-mentioned battery management system.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a containerized energy storage system and battery management system. In the battery management system, a master-slave mode is used to design a three-level BMS, expand the number of battery clusters and reduce the circulating current of the battery cells, thereby increasing the available capacity of the energy storage container. The display, air conditioning system, and fire protection system are shared, and the communication connection with the PCS can be customized to meet the needs of different fields and scenarios, further enhancing the advantages and performance of container energy storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a battery management system of a containerized energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1:

[0023] An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management system for a containerized energy storage system, including multiple three-level BMSs, each of which is communicatively connected to multiple second-level BMSs, each of which is communicatively connected to multiple first-level BMSs, and each first-level BMS is connected to a corresponding battery module in the energy storage system; one of the three-level BMSs is set as a master three-level BMS, and the remaining three-level BMSs are set as slave three-level BMSs, and all the slave three-level BMSs are communicatively connected to the master three-level BMS.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically in this implementation manner, one or two three-level BMSs are taken as examples, one is a master three-level BMS, and the other is a slave three-level BMS.

[0025] The three-level BMS and the two-level BMS, the two-level BMS and the one-level BMS, and the master three-level BMS and the slave three-level BMS are all connected through bus communication. The accuracy and timeliness of information interaction are ensured by the communication connection of each level of BMS through the bus. RS232, RS485 and CAN bus are all common communication interface standards. Specifically in this embodiment, CAN bus is used for communication connection. CAN bus communication has the advantages of high reliability, strong real-time performance, high flexibility, good network scalability, and easy maintenance and diagnosis.

[0026] The first-level BMS collects the operating data of the corresponding battery module and uploads it to the corresponding second-level BMS. The second-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding first-level BMS and upload it to the corresponding third-level BMS. The slave third-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding second-level BMS. The main third-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding second-level BMS and the slave third-level BMS.

[0027] As the lowest-level battery management system, the first-level BMS is directly connected to the battery module to collect operating data. As an intermediate-level battery management system, the second-level BMS is used to summarize the data collected by multiple first-level BMSs downstream and upload them to the third-level BMS. As the highest-level battery management system, the third-level BMS summarizes the collected data of the battery cluster and performs unified control processing. The purpose of setting up multiple third-level BMS is to expand the number of battery clusters and information synchronization, and realize fault linkage protection while reducing the circulating current of the battery cells.

[0028] Specifically in this embodiment, the operating data of the battery module includes the voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC state and fault alarm diagnosis information of the battery module. The purpose of collecting operating data at each level of BMS is to calculate the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module, so as to send the control signal to the energy storage converter PCS. Therefore, the collected operating data is mainly for calculating the relevant parameters of the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module. In other optional embodiments, those skilled in the art can flexibly select the required operating data related parameters as needed.

[0029] The main three-level BMS is connected to the display, air conditioning system and fire protection system in the energy storage system through the bus. Multiple battery units share one display, making full use of resources and saving costs. The display can be used to display the operating data of the battery module. The main three-level BMS synchronously summarizes all collected data, controls the air conditioning system and fire protection system, and realizes fault linkage protection. Figure 1 For example, when two battery cells in a container are used at the same time, the main three-level BMS receives the single-cell temperature information of its own battery cells and the slave three-level BMS, calculates the single-cell maximum temperature, minimum temperature and maximum temperature difference data of the entire container, and the main three-level BMS controls the air-conditioning system according to relevant strategies; when only a single battery cell is used, the main three-level BMS related temperature data is used for control.

[0030] There are two ways to control the energy storage converter PCS: First, the main three-level BMS is connected to the energy storage converter PCS in the energy storage system through a bus. The main three-level BMS can integrate calculation functions, calculate the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module according to the summarized operating condition data, and control the energy storage converter PCS to charge or discharge according to the optimal power value, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0031] Secondly, the main three-level BMS is connected to the switch in the energy storage system through a network cable, the switch is connected to the energy management system EMS through a network cable, and the energy storage converter PCS is connected to the energy management system EMS in the energy storage system through a bus. By uploading information to the energy management system EMS through the switch, unified supervision can be carried out. When the main three-level BMS does not have an integrated calculation function, the energy management system EMS can calculate the optimal charging or discharging power of the battery module based on the summarized operating condition data, and control the energy storage converter PCS to charge or discharge according to the optimal power value, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0032] When RS485 bus is used for communication connection, the communication protocol is MODBUS-RTU. When network cable is used for communication connection, the communication protocol is MODBUS-TCP. Through various communication configurations, the needs of different fields and scenarios can be met, further improving the advantages and performance of container energy storage.

[0033] The battery management system of the containerized energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses multiple three-level BMS to control the energy storage system in a single container, and divides the battery module into different battery units. At this time, the number of battery clusters in each battery unit will be reduced, which will effectively reduce the battery cell circulation and short board effect problems. The corresponding battery clusters are managed step by step through the first-level BMS, the second-level BMS, and the third-level BMS, and all information is finally aggregated to the main three-level BMS through communication connections to ensure information synchronization and fault linkage protection of all battery clusters in the container.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] An embodiment of the present invention provides a containerized energy storage system, including a battery management system as provided in the first embodiment.

[0036] By adopting the battery management system provided in Example 1, multiple three-level BMSs are used to control the energy storage system in a single container, and the battery module is divided into different battery cells. At this time, the number of battery clusters in each battery cell will be reduced, which will effectively reduce the battery cell circulation and short board effect problems.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware.

[0038] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery management system for a containerized energy storage system, characterized in that: It includes multiple three-level BMSs, each of which is communicatively connected to multiple second-level BMSs, each of which is communicatively connected to multiple first-level BMSs, and each of which is connected to a corresponding battery module in the energy storage system; one of the three-level BMSs is set as a master three-level BMS, and the rest of the three-level BMSs are set as slave three-level BMSs, and all of the slave three-level BMSs are communicatively connected to the master three-level BMS.

2. The battery management system of the containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-level BMS and the two-level BMS, the two-level BMS and the one-level BMS, and the master three-level BMS and the slave three-level BMS are all connected in communication via a bus.

3. The battery management system of the containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level BMS collects the operating data of the corresponding battery module and uploads it to the corresponding second-level BMS. The second-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding first-level BMS and upload it to the corresponding third-level BMS. The slave third-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding second-level BMS. The master third-level BMS is used to summarize the operating data collected by the corresponding second-level BMS and the slave third-level BMS.

4. The battery management system of the containerized energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operating data of the battery module includes the voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC status and fault alarm diagnosis information of the battery module.

5. The battery management system of the containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main three-level BMS is connected to the display, air conditioning system and fire protection system in the energy storage system through a bus.

6. The battery management system of the containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main three-level BMS is connected to the energy storage converter PCS in the energy storage system through a bus.

7. The battery management system of the containerized energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main three-level BMS is connected to a switch in the energy storage system via a network cable, the switch is connected to an energy management system EMS via a network cable, and the energy storage converter PCS is connected to an energy management system EMS in the energy storage system via a bus.

8. A containerized energy storage system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery management system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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