Base station antenna and base station

Abstract

The invention relates to a base station antenna and a base station. The base station antenna comprises a reflecting plate; the first vibrator is connected with the reflecting plate; the first director assembly comprises a plurality of first directors, the plurality of first directors are located on the side, back to the reflecting plate, of the first vibrator, and the plurality of first directors are sequentially arranged at intervals in the direction, back to the reflecting plate, of the first vibrator; the first oscillator is connected with the reflecting plate, the second oscillators are connected with the reflecting plate, the at least three second oscillators are sequentially arranged around the first oscillator at intervals, and the working frequency band of the second oscillators is higher than that of the first oscillator. According to the base station antenna, the size of the antenna in the tunnel cross section direction can be reduced, and the installation difficulty of the antenna in a tunnel is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a base station antenna and a base station. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of social economy, the density of highway traffic network has increased, and tunnels have become an important scenario in the deployment of mobile communication networks. At the same time, with the development of the new generation of mobile communications, the antennas in tunnels need to cover more and more frequency bands, and multi-band tunnel antennas are needed.

[0003] In the related art, multi-band tunnel antennas mostly use planar array antennas. Planar array antennas include multiple low-frequency oscillators arranged in an array and multiple high-frequency oscillators arranged in an array. They can not only support multi-band communications at the same time, but also achieve narrow beam and high gain by superimposing electromagnetic waves radiated by multiple oscillators in the same frequency band. However, the length and width of this antenna are relatively large.

[0004] The interior of the tunnel is a long and narrow space with a small cross-sectional size. Therefore, the above-mentioned large-sized tunnel antenna is difficult to install due to space limitations. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a base station antenna and a base station to address the problem in the related art that it is difficult to install a multi-band tunnel antenna in a tunnel.

[0006] A base station antenna, comprising:

[0007] Reflective panels;

[0008] a first vibrator, wherein the first vibrator is connected to the reflection plate;

[0009] A first guiding assembly, wherein the first guiding assembly comprises a plurality of first directors, the plurality of first directors are located on a side of the first vibrator facing away from the reflecting plate, and the plurality of first directors are sequentially spaced apart along a direction in which the first vibrator faces away from the reflecting plate; and

[0010] At least three second vibrators are connected to the reflection plate, and at least three second vibrators are arranged in sequence and spaced apart around the first vibrator. The working frequency band of the second vibrator is higher than the working frequency band of the first vibrator.

[0011] In one embodiment, central axes of at least three second vibrators surrounding the first vibrator are arranged at equal intervals.

[0012] In one embodiment, at least three second vibrators surrounding the first vibrator are centrally symmetrically arranged about a central axis of the first vibrator.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first oscillator is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other;

[0014] The first director includes two first guide arms that cross each other. Among the two first guide arms, one of the first guide arms extends in the first polarization direction, and the other first guide arm extends in the second polarization direction.

[0015] In one embodiment, along the direction in which the first vibrator faces away from the reflection plate, the lengths of the first guiding arms of the plurality of first directors decrease sequentially.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first oscillator is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other; the first oscillator includes two first radiation arms arranged along the first polarization direction and two second radiation arms arranged along the second polarization direction; an extension direction of the first radiation arm is along the first polarization direction, and an extension direction of the second radiation arm is along the second polarization direction.

[0017] In one embodiment, one of the at least three second vibrators is embedded in the first vibrator.

[0018] In one embodiment, the base station antenna further comprises a plurality of second directing components; the plurality of second directing components are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with at least three second oscillators surrounding the first oscillator;

[0019] The second directing assembly includes at least one second director, and the second director is located on a side of the corresponding second vibrator facing away from the reflection plate.

[0020] In one embodiment, the second oscillator is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other;

[0021] The second director includes two second guide arms that cross each other. Of the two second guide arms, one of the second guide arms extends in the first polarization direction, and the other second guide arm extends in the second polarization direction.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second director is a circular director.

[0023] In one embodiment, the base station antenna further comprises an antenna cover, one end of which is connected to the reflector, and the antenna cover is arranged on the first vibrator, the at least three second vibrators and the first guiding assembly.

[0024] In one embodiment, the antenna cover includes a first cover body and a second cover body, one end of the first cover body is connected to one end of the second cover body, and one end of the first cover body facing away from the second cover body is connected to the reflector;

[0025] The first vibrator and the at least three second vibrators are located in the first cover; the first guide assembly is located in the second cover; and the second cover gradually narrows along the direction of the second cover facing away from the first cover.

[0026] A base station comprises an antenna installation assembly and the base station antenna according to any one of the above embodiments, wherein the base station antenna is connected to the antenna installation assembly.

[0027] When the above-mentioned base station antenna and base station are installed in the internal space of the tunnel, the arrangement of the first vibrator and the at least three second vibrators is roughly along the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. Since the at least three second vibrators are arranged in sequence around the first vibrator, the distribution method of the at least three second vibrators can not only realize the superposition of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the at least three second vibrators in the horizontal direction, but also realize the superposition of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the at least three second vibrators in the vertical direction, so as to ensure that the base station antenna has a narrow beam and high gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions in the high frequency band range as much as possible. Since the multiple first directors are arranged in sequence in the direction of the back-reflecting plate of the first vibrator, the narrow beam and high gain of the base station antenna in the low frequency band range can be guaranteed as much as possible. Therefore, only one first vibrator is required to realize the narrow beam and high gain of the base station antenna in all directions in the low frequency band range.

[0028] It can be seen that the above-mentioned base station antenna can not only cover multiple frequency bands, but also ensure that the base station antenna has a narrow beam and high gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions in the high frequency band range, and has a narrow beam and high gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions in the low frequency band range. On this basis, only one low-frequency vibrator is required, and multiple high-frequency vibrators are arranged around the periphery of the low-frequency vibrator, thereby reducing the total number of vibrators and making the arrangement of the vibrators compact, thereby reducing the size of the antenna in the direction of the tunnel cross section and reducing the difficulty of installing the antenna in the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a base station disposed in a tunnel according to an embodiment.

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship among a first vibrator, a plurality of second vibrators, a first directing component and a second directing component of a base station antenna is shown.

[0032] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between a first oscillator and a plurality of second oscillators of a base station antenna according to an embodiment.

[0033] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between a first oscillator and a plurality of second oscillators of a base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0034] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between a first oscillator and a plurality of second oscillators of a base station antenna in yet another embodiment.

[0035] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between a first oscillator and a plurality of second oscillators of a base station antenna in yet another embodiment.

[0036] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between a first oscillator and a plurality of second oscillators of a base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0037] Fig. 9 for Figure 3 Front view of .

[0038] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a first vibrator, a plurality of second vibrators, a first directing component and a second directing component of a base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0039] Fig.11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a base station from another perspective is shown.

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 10. Tunnel wall; 11. Internal space;

[0042] 100. Base station antenna;

[0043] 110. Reflector;

[0044] 120, first oscillator; 121, first radiation arm; 122, second radiation arm; 123, dipole; 1231, first radiation single arm; 1232, second radiation single arm; 124, balun unit; 1241, first balun arm; 1242, second balun arm;

[0045] 130. a first guide; 131. a first guide arm;

[0046] 140, second oscillator;

[0047] 150. second director; 151. second director arm;

[0048] 160, antenna cover; 161, first cover body; 162, second cover body;

[0049] 200. Antenna mounting assembly;

[0050] 210, mounting plate;

[0051] 221, first body; 222, second body; 223, connecting bolt; 224, connecting nut;

[0052] 231, first adjustment frame; 232, second adjustment frame; 233, adjustment bolt; 234, adjustment nut;

[0053] 240, holding pole; 241, first section; 242, second section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0056] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0059] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0060] In related technologies, multi-band tunnel antennas mostly use planar array antennas. Planar array antennas include multiple low-frequency oscillators arranged in an array and multiple high-frequency oscillators arranged in an array. Not only can it support multi-band communications at the same time, but it can also achieve narrow beams and high gain by superimposing electromagnetic waves radiated by multiple oscillators in the same frequency band.

[0061] In order to ensure narrow beams and high gain in both horizontal and vertical directions, when the array antenna is arranged in the interior space of the tunnel, multiple low-frequency oscillators and multiple high-frequency oscillators are arranged in arrays in the horizontal and vertical directions of the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, respectively, which results in the large size of the array antenna in the horizontal and vertical directions. However, the interior of the tunnel is a long and narrow space, and the area of ​​the cross-sectional direction of the interior space of the tunnel is small, which results in the above-mentioned array antenna being limited by space during installation and being difficult to install.

[0062] Please combine Figures 1 to 3An embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna 100 , which includes: a reflection plate 110 , a first vibrator 120 , a first directing component and at least three second vibrators 140 .

[0063] The operating frequency of the second vibrator 140 is higher than that of the first vibrator 120. Compared with the first vibrator 120, the second vibrator 140 is a high-frequency vibrator, and its operating frequency is in the high frequency band. Compared with the second vibrator 140, the first vibrator 120 is a low-frequency vibrator, and its operating frequency is in the low frequency band.

[0064] The first vibrator 120 and at least three second vibrators 140 are arranged on the same side of the reflection plate 110 and are connected to the reflection plate 110 respectively.

[0065] At least three second oscillators 140 are arranged in sequence and at intervals around the first oscillator 120. The electromagnetic waves radiated by at least three second oscillators 140 with the same working frequency band are superimposed, so that the base station antenna 100 can achieve narrow beam and high gain in the high frequency band.

[0066] The first directing assembly includes a plurality of first directors 130, which are located on the side of the first vibrator 120 facing away from the reflecting plate 110, and the plurality of first directors 130 are arranged in sequence at intervals along the direction of the first vibrator 120 facing away from the reflecting plate 110, thereby enabling the base station antenna 100 to achieve a narrow beam and high gain in the low frequency band.

[0067] When the base station antenna 100 is installed in the inner space 11 of the tunnel, the extending direction of the reflector 110 is roughly along the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, that is, the arrangement of the first vibrator 120 and the at least three second vibrators 140 is roughly along the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. Since the at least three second vibrators 140 are arranged in sequence around the first vibrator 120, the distribution of the at least three second vibrators 140 can not only achieve the superposition of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the at least three second vibrators 140 in the horizontal direction, but also achieve the superposition of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the at least three second vibrators 140 in the vertical direction, so as to ensure that the base station antenna 100 has a narrow beam and high gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions in the high frequency band range as much as possible. Since multiple first directors 130 are arranged in sequence along the direction of the first vibrator 120 facing away from the reflector 110, the narrow beam and high gain of the base station antenna 100 in the low frequency band can be guaranteed as much as possible. Therefore, only one first vibrator 120 is needed to achieve a narrow beam and high gain of the base station antenna 100 in all directions in the low frequency band.

[0068] It can be seen that the above-mentioned base station antenna 100 can not only cover multiple frequency bands, but also ensure that the base station antenna 100 has a narrow beam and high gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions in the high frequency band range, and has a narrow beam and high gain in both the horizontal and vertical directions in the low frequency band range. On this basis, only one low-frequency vibrator is required, and multiple high-frequency vibrators are arranged around the periphery of the low-frequency vibrator, thereby reducing the total number of vibrators and making the arrangement of the vibrators compact, thereby reducing the size of the antenna in the direction of the tunnel cross section, and reducing the difficulty of installing the antenna in the tunnel.

[0069] Furthermore, since the size of the base station antenna 100 in the tunnel cross-section direction is relatively small, the impact on the passage of vehicles in the tunnel and the impact on the arrangement of other equipment in the tunnel can be reduced.

[0070] The number of the first directors 130 is at least two, and may be two, three, four or more.

[0071] In one embodiment, the first directing assembly includes a first support member (not shown). One end of the first support member is connected to the reflector 110 or the first vibrator 120. The first director 130 is connected to the first support member, so that the first director 130 can be supported by the first support member.

[0072] Optionally, the first support member can be a support rod. A plurality of first directors 130 are connected to the first support member. In another embodiment, the first directing assembly further includes a first connecting member. A first director adjacent to the first vibrator is connected to the first support member. A corresponding first connecting member is provided between any two adjacent first directors and connected through the corresponding first connecting member.

[0073] Please combine Figures 4 to 8 The number of the plurality of second vibrators 140 surrounding the first vibrator 120 may be four, five, six, seven, etc. In other embodiments, the number may also be three, eight, etc., which may be set according to the requirements.

[0074] In one embodiment, the spacing H between the central axes of any two adjacent second vibrators 140 in the direction surrounding the first vibrator 120 satisfies the condition: 0.6λb≤H≤λb, where λb is the wavelength of the central frequency of the working frequency band of the second vibrator 140. In this way, the electromagnetic waves superimposed by the multiple second vibrators 140 surrounding the first vibrator 120 can have a higher gain and a narrow beam.

[0075] Moreover, since the distance between the central axes of any two adjacent second vibrators 140 along the direction surrounding the first vibrator 120 is within the above range, the distance between the second vibrators 140 is arranged more evenly, which is beneficial to the base station antenna 100 having a more balanced gain in the horizontal and vertical directions in the high frequency band.

[0076] In one embodiment, central axes of at least three second vibrators 140 surrounding the first vibrator 120 are arranged at equal intervals.

[0077] Since the central axes of the second vibrators 140 surrounding the first vibrator 120 are arranged at equal intervals, the second vibrators 140 surrounding the first vibrator 120 are arranged more evenly, which can further make the gain of the base station antenna 100 in the horizontal and vertical directions in the high frequency band more balanced.

[0078] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, at least three second oscillators 140 surrounding the first oscillator 120 are centrally symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first oscillator 120. This arrangement can improve the gain and narrow the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100. Moreover, the second oscillators 140 surrounding the first oscillator 120 are arranged more evenly, so that the gain of the base station antenna 100 in the horizontal and vertical directions in the high frequency band can be further balanced. It can also simplify the design and layout of the feeding network, thereby reducing the length and complexity of the feeder line, and reducing the feeding loss and cost.

[0079] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first oscillator 120 is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other.

[0080] The first director 130 includes two first director arms 131 that cross each other. Among the two first director arms 131, one of the first director arms 131 extends in the first polarization direction, and the other first director arm 131 extends in the second polarization direction.

[0081] Since the extension directions of the two first director arms 131 of the first director 130 are respectively the same as the two polarization directions of the first dipole 120 , the first director 130 further improves the gain and narrows the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100 in the low frequency band.

[0082] In one embodiment, the length L of the first director arm 131 satisfies the condition: 0.4λa≤L≤0.6λa, where λa is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the first oscillator 120. In this way, the first director assembly can further improve the gain and narrow the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100 in the low frequency band.

[0083] The length of the first guiding arm 131 is, for example, 0.41λa, 0.42λa, 0.45λa, 0.47λa, etc.

[0084] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first guiding arms 131 of the plurality of first directors 130 decrease in sequence along the direction from the first oscillator 120 to the reflector 110. In this way, the first guiding assembly can further improve the gain and narrow the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100 in the low frequency range.

[0085] Specifically, in Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, there are four first guides 130, namely, first guide 130a, first guide 130b, first guide 130c, and first guide 130d, and the lengths of the first guiding arms 131 of the four first guides 130a are 0.5λa, 0.48λa, 0.47λa, and 0.46λa, respectively.

[0086] In other embodiments, the length of the first guiding arm of each first guide may also be other values, not limited to the values ​​listed in the above embodiments.

[0087] In one embodiment, the distance S1 from the first director 130 adjacent to the first oscillator 120 to the radiation surface of the first oscillator 120 satisfies the condition: 0.2λa≤S1≤0.3λa. The spacing S between any two adjacent first directors 130 satisfies the condition: 0.2λa≤S≤0.3λa. Wherein, λa is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the first oscillator 120. In this way, the first director assembly can further improve the gain and narrow the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100 in the low frequency band.

[0088] Specifically, in Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the first director 130 adjacent to the first oscillator 120 is the first director 130a, and the distance S1 from the first director 130a to the radiation surface of the first oscillator 120 satisfies the condition: 0.2λa≤S1≤0.3λa. Optionally, S1 is 0.25λa, 0.22λa, 0.27λa. Of course, S1 can also be other values. The spacing S between any two adjacent first directors 130 can be 0.25λa, 0.22λa, 0.27λa. Of course, S can also be other values.

[0089] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment, the first oscillator 120 is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other. The first oscillator 120 includes two first radiation arms 121 arranged along the first polarization direction and two second radiation arms 122 arranged along the second polarization direction. The first radiation arm 121 extends in the first polarization direction, and the second radiation arm 122 extends in the second polarization direction.

[0090] According to the arrangement of the four radiation arms of the first oscillator 120 of this embodiment, the first oscillator 120 is a cross-type oscillator.

[0091] refer to Figure 8 In another embodiment, one of the second vibrators 140 is embedded in the first vibrator 120. That is, in this embodiment, the second vibrator 140 is distributed in two parts, one part is a second vibrator 140 embedded in the first vibrator 120, and the other part is at least three second vibrators 140 surrounding the first vibrator 120. Therefore, in this embodiment, the number of the second vibrators 140 is at least four. Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the first vibrator 120 has a receiving space for accommodating the second vibrator 140 , forming the first vibrator 120 in a bowl shape.

[0092] By embedding a second oscillator 140 inside the first oscillator 120 , the gain of the base station antenna 100 can be further improved and the beam can be narrowed in the high frequency band.

[0093] refer to Figure 8 In one embodiment, the first vibrator 120 includes an annular base (not shown), four dipoles 123 and four balun units 124. The four balun units 124 are arranged in sequence around the central axis of the annular base, one end of the four balun units 124 is respectively connected to the annular base, and the other end of the four balun units 124 is respectively connected to the four dipoles 123, so that the four dipoles 123, the four balun units 124 and the annular base define an accommodation space. The second vibrator 140 embedded in the first vibrator 120 is located in the accommodation space.

[0094] Specifically, each balun unit 124 includes two balun arms, namely a first balun arm 1241 and a second balun arm 1242. Each dipole 123 includes a first radiation arm 1231 and a second radiation arm 1232 arranged at an angle. The arrangement direction of one pair of diagonally arranged two dipoles 123 is along the first polarization direction, and the arrangement direction of the other pair of diagonally arranged two dipoles 123 is along the second polarization direction.

[0095] Please combine Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.10In some embodiments, the base station antenna 100 further includes a plurality of second directing components. The plurality of second directing components are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with at least three second vibrators 140 surrounding the first vibrator 120. That is, each second vibrator 140 corresponds to a second directing component.

[0096] The second directing assembly includes at least one second director 150, and the second director 150 is located at a side of the corresponding second vibrator 140 facing away from the reflection plate 110. The number of the second director 150 in each second directing assembly can be one or more.

[0097] By providing a second directing component for each second vibrator 140 , the wavelength convergence of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second vibrator 140 can be improved.

[0098] Please combine Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.10 In some embodiments, the number of second directors 150 in each second directing assembly is one.

[0099] In some other embodiments, the second directing assembly includes a plurality of second directors 150, and the plurality of second directors 150 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the direction in which the corresponding second vibrator 140 faces away from the reflection plate 110. Thus, the wavelength convergence of the second vibrator 140 can be further improved.

[0100] In one embodiment, the second director assembly includes a second support member (not shown). One end of the second support member is connected to the reflection plate 110 or the second vibrator 140. The second director 150 is connected to the second support member, so that the second director 150 can be supported by the second support member.

[0101] Optionally, the second support member can be a support rod. When the second guiding assembly includes a plurality of second directors 150, the plurality of second directors 150 are connected to the second support member. In another embodiment, when the second guiding assembly includes a plurality of second directors 150, the second guiding assembly also includes a second connecting member. A second director adjacent to the second vibrator is connected to the second support member. A corresponding second connecting member is provided between any other two adjacent second directors and connected through the corresponding second connecting member.

[0102] In some embodiments, the second oscillator 140 is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other.

[0103] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the second director 150 is a circular director. In one embodiment, the diameter R of the second director 150 satisfies the condition: 0.1λb≤R≤0.4λb. Optionally, R is 0.3λb, 0.23λb, or 0.32λb. Wherein, λb is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the second oscillator 140.

[0104] Please refer to Fig.10 In other embodiments, the second director 150 includes two second director arms 151 that cross each other, and one of the two second director arms 151 extends in the first polarization direction, and the other second director arm 151 extends in the second polarization direction. According to this embodiment, since the extension directions of the two second director arms 151 of the second director 150 are respectively the same as the two polarization directions of the second vibrator 140, the first director 130 improves the gain and narrows the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100 in the high frequency band.

[0105] In one embodiment, the length N of the second guiding arm 151 satisfies the condition: 0.4λb≤N≤0.6λb. Wherein, λb is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the second oscillator 140. In this way, the second guiding component can further improve the gain and narrow the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100 in the high frequency band. Optionally, the length N of the second guiding arm 151 is 0.43λb, 0.5λb, or 0.56λb.

[0106] In one embodiment, along the direction in which the second oscillator 140 is facing away from the reflector 110, when there are multiple second directors 150 in the same second director assembly, the lengths of the multiple second directors 150 are sequentially reduced. The length direction of the second director 150 is perpendicular to the direction in which the second oscillator 140 is facing away from the reflector 110. In this way, the second director assembly can further improve the bandwidth convergence of the base station antenna 100 in the high frequency band.

[0107] When the second director 150 is a circular director, that is, along the direction in which the second vibrator 140 is facing away from the reflection plate 110, the diameters of the multiple circular director plates in the same second director assembly decrease in sequence.

[0108] When the second director 150 includes two second director arms 151 that cross each other, that is, along the direction from the second vibrator 140 to the reflector 110, the lengths of the second director arms 151 of the plurality of second directors 150 in the same second director assembly decrease in sequence. In this way, the second director assembly can further improve the gain and narrow the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100 in the high frequency band.

[0109] In one embodiment, when the second director 150 includes two second director arms 151 that cross each other, the distance N1 from the second director 150 adjacent to the second oscillator 140 to the radiation surface of the second oscillator 140 satisfies the condition: 0.2λb≤N1≤0.3λb, where λb is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the second oscillator 140.

[0110] Optionally, in the case where the second director assembly includes a second director 150, the second director 150 adjacent to the second vibrator 140, that is, the second director 150, optionally has N1 of 0.25λb, 0.22λb, 0.29λb, etc.

[0111] Optionally, in the case where the second director assembly includes a plurality of second directors 150, the distance N1 from the second director 150 adjacent to the second oscillator 140 to the radiation surface of the second oscillator 140 satisfies the condition: 0.2λb≤N1≤0.3λb, and N1 is optionally 0.25λb, 0.22λb, 0.29λb, etc. The spacing N between any two adjacent second directors 150 satisfies the condition: 0.2λb≤N≤0.3λb. Wherein, λb is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the second oscillator 140, and N is optionally 0.25λb, 0.22λb, 0.29λb, etc.

[0112] In one embodiment, when the second director 150 is a circular director, the distance D1 from the second director 150 adjacent to the second oscillator 140 to the radiation surface of the second oscillator 140 satisfies the condition: 0.1λb≤D1≤0.4λb, where λb is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the second oscillator 140.

[0113] Optionally, in the case where the second director assembly includes a second director 150, the second director 150 adjacent to the second vibrator 140, that is, the second director 150, optionally has D1 of 0.23λb, 0.3λb, 0.35λb, etc.

[0114] Optionally, in the case where the second director assembly includes a plurality of second directors 150, the distance D1 from the second director 150 adjacent to the second oscillator 140 to the radiation surface of the second oscillator 140 satisfies the condition: 0.1λb≤D1≤0.4λb, and optionally D1 is 0.23λb, 0.3λb, 0.35λb, etc. The spacing D between any two adjacent second directors 150 satisfies the condition: 0.1λb≤D≤0.4λb. Wherein, λb is the wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the second oscillator 140, and optionally D is 0.23λb, 0.3λb, 0.35λb, etc.

[0115] Please refer to Figure 2In one embodiment, the base station antenna 100 further includes an antenna cover 160, one end of which is connected to the reflector 110, and the antenna cover 160 covers the first vibrator 120, at least three second vibrators 140 and the first directing assembly.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment, the antenna cover 160 includes a first cover body 161 and a second cover body 162, one end of the first cover body 161 is connected to one end of the second cover body 162, and one end of the first cover body 161 facing away from the second cover body 162 is connected to the reflector 110. The first vibrator 120 and at least three second vibrators 140 are located in the first cover body 161. The first guide assembly is located in the second cover body 162. Along the direction from the second cover body 162 to the first cover body 161, the second cover body 162 gradually narrows.

[0117] Specifically, both ends of the first cover 161 are open ends. One end of the second cover 162 is an open end and the other end is a closed end. One open end of the first cover 161 is connected to the reflector 110, and the other open end of the first cover 161 is connected to the open end of the second cover 162.

[0118] Since the first vibrator 120 and at least three second vibrators 140 are located in the first cover 161, the size of the first cover 161 along the extension direction of the reflector 110 is relatively large. The second cover 162 is used to accommodate the first guide assembly on one side of the first vibrator 120, so the size of the second cover 162 along the extension direction of the reflector 110 can be narrowed. By gradually narrowing the second cover 162 in the direction away from the first cover 161, the space occupied by the base station antenna 100 in the cross-sectional direction of the internal space 11 of the tunnel can be further reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of installation.

[0119] Please combine Figure 1 and Fig.11 An embodiment of the present application also provides a base station, including an antenna installation assembly 200 and a base station antenna 100 of any one of the above embodiments, the base station antenna 100 is connected to the antenna installation assembly 200, and the antenna installation assembly 200 is used to connect to the tunnel wall 10, so as to install the base station antenna 100 in the tunnel.

[0120] Please combine Figure 1 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, the antenna mounting assembly 200 includes a mounting plate 210, a clamp and a pole 240. The mounting plate 210 is connected to the reflector 110. The clamp is clamped to the outer wall of the pole 240. The mounting plate 210 is connected to the clamp. Both ends of the pole 240 are respectively connected to the tunnel wall 10. Thus, the base station antenna 100 can be installed in the tunnel.

[0121] Please combine Figure 1 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, the clamp includes a first body 221, a second body 222, a connecting bolt 223, and a connecting nut 224. The first body 221 and the second body 222 are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the clamping rod 240. The connecting bolt 223 is passed through the first body 221 and the second body 222, and is locked with the connecting nut 224, so that the first body 221 and the second body 222 clamp the clamping rod 240.

[0122] A friction structure may be provided on one side of the first body 221 and the second body 222 that is opposite to each other. The friction structure may be, for example, a plurality of convex teeth, thereby increasing the friction between the clamp and the clamp rod 240 to increase the clamping force.

[0123] Please combine Figure 1 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, the antenna mounting assembly 200 further includes an adjustment mechanism, one side of the adjustment mechanism is connected to the mounting plate 210, and the other side is connected to the clamp, so that the mounting plate 210 is connected to the clamp. The adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle of the base station antenna 100.

[0124] Please combine Figure 1 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes a first adjustment frame 231, a second adjustment frame 232, an adjustment bolt 233, and an adjustment nut 234. The first adjustment frame 231 is connected to the mounting plate 210. The second adjustment frame 232 is connected to the clamp. The adjustment bolt 233 is passed through the first adjustment frame 231 and the second adjustment frame 232, and is locked with the adjustment nut 234, so that the first adjustment frame 231 and the second adjustment frame 232 are locked. When the angle of the base station antenna 100 needs to be adjusted, the adjustment nut 234 can be loosened to make the first adjustment frame 231 and the second adjustment frame 232 rotate relative to each other, so that the angle of the base station antenna 100 can be adjusted.

[0125] Please combine Figure 1 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, the pole 240 includes a first section 241 and a second section 242. The first section 241 extends in a vertical direction, and the second section 242 extends in a horizontal direction. One end of the first section 241 is connected to one end of the second section 242. The other end of the first section 241 is connected to the top wall of the tunnel wall 10, and the other end of the second section 242 is connected to the side wall of the tunnel wall 10, so that the pole 240 is fixed to the tunnel wall 10, and the base station antenna 100 is installed in the tunnel. The base station antenna 100 can be installed on the first section 241.

[0126] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0127] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna comprises: Reflective panels; a first vibrator, wherein the first vibrator is connected to the reflection plate; A first guiding assembly, wherein the first guiding assembly comprises a plurality of first directors, the plurality of first directors are located on a side of the first vibrator facing away from the reflecting plate, and the plurality of first directors are sequentially spaced apart along a direction in which the first vibrator faces away from the reflecting plate; and At least three second vibrators are connected to the reflection plate, and at least three second vibrators are arranged in sequence and spaced apart around the first vibrator. The working frequency band of the second vibrator is higher than the working frequency band of the first vibrator.

2. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Central axes of at least three of the second vibrators surrounding the first vibrator are arranged at equal intervals.

3. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three second vibrators surrounding the first vibrator are centrally symmetrically arranged about a central axis of the first vibrator.

4. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oscillator is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other; The first director includes two first guide arms that cross each other. Among the two first guide arms, one of the first guide arms extends in the first polarization direction, and the other first guide arm extends in the second polarization direction.

5. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: Along the direction in which the first vibrator faces away from the reflection plate, the lengths of the first guiding arms of the plurality of first directors decrease sequentially.

6. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oscillator is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other; the first oscillator includes two first radiation arms arranged along the first polarization direction and two second radiation arms arranged along the second polarization direction; the extension direction of the first radiation arm is along the first polarization direction, and the extension direction of the second radiation arm is along the second polarization direction.

7. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the at least three second vibrators is embedded in the first vibrator.

8. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base station antenna further comprises a plurality of second directing components; the plurality of second directing components are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with at least three second oscillators surrounding the first oscillator; The second directing assembly includes at least one second director, and the second director is located on a side of the corresponding second vibrator facing away from the reflection plate.

9. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second oscillator is a dual-polarization oscillator having a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction that are orthogonal to each other; The second director includes two second guide arms that cross each other. Of the two second guide arms, one of the second guide arms extends in the first polarization direction, and the other second guide arm extends in the second polarization direction.

10. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second director is a circular director.

11. The base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an antenna cover, one end of which is connected to the reflector, and the antenna cover is arranged on the first vibrator, the at least three second vibrators and the first guiding component.

12. The base station antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The antenna cover comprises a first cover body and a second cover body, one end of the first cover body is connected to one end of the second cover body, and one end of the first cover body facing away from the second cover body is connected to the reflector; The first vibrator and the at least three second vibrators are located in the first cover; the first guide assembly is located in the second cover; and the second cover gradually narrows along the direction of the second cover facing away from the first cover.

13. A base station, characterized in that: The invention comprises an antenna installation assembly and the base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the base station antenna is connected to the antenna installation assembly.

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