Connection device, switching device having a connection device, and method for automatically connecting and automatically

Abstract

The invention relates to a connection device (1) of a switching device, to a switching device having at least one connection device (1), to a method for automatically connecting a connection device (1), and to a method for automatically disconnecting a connection device (1). The invention relates to a connection device for a switchgear having at least one control line, comprising at least two parts (5, 6), one part (5) being connected to a fixed part (20) of a switchgear cabinet (19) of the switchgear and the second part (6) being connected to a movable part (21) of the switchgear cabinet (19) of the switchgear, the movable part (21) of the switchgear cabinet (19) being slidable, the second part (6) of the connecting device (1) can be connected to the first part (5) by sliding the movable part (21) of the switchgear cabinet (19), and wherein a connection to at least one control line of the switchgear cabinet can be automatically established by establishing a connection to the first part (5) by the second part (6) of the connecting device (1).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a connecting device for a switching device, a switching device having at least one connecting device, and a method for the automatic connection of a connecting device and a method for the automatic disconnection of a connecting device.

[0002] Switchgear, such as DC or AC switchgear, switchgear for train power supply or train power supply network, switchgear for buildings, such as railway stations, switchgear for industrial facilities, blast furnaces, etc., usually has a corresponding switch cabinet with fixed parts and movable parts.

[0003] Such a switchgear with one or more switch cabinets can also be part of a transformer substation of a railway line or railway network, for example, for supplying power to overhead lines of a section of the railway line. Such a transformer substation and corresponding switchgear are usually provided separately for each section of the railway line or railway network.

[0004] The switchgear generally also comprises fast-acting circuit breakers and control lines or cables which are provided for disconnection or connection to the rest of the system, in particular for maintenance purposes in one or more switch cabinets assigned to the switchgear.

[0005] For this purpose, some parts of the switch cabinet are designed to be movable, such as drawers, insertion parts or sliding racks, etc., for fast power switches and control lines or control cables, so that they can be disconnected from the system appropriately. For example, the corresponding sliding rack is designed to be movable in the corresponding switch cabinet. The control cable (usually 30-50 cores) must be unplugged before moving out or pulling out, that is, disconnected, and plugged in again when moving in, that is, connected. Depending on the design of the sliding rack, this is done before or after the sliding rack is inserted or pushed into the switch cabinet.

[0006] Current solutions typically use rigid, bulky cables with locking industrial plugs that must be manually unlocked and disconnected before being moved out or unplugged, and then manually reconnected and locked when being moved in or plugged in. The associated control cables must also be properly secured after being disconnected so that they are not damaged when the switch carriage is moved in or out. There is a risk that maintenance personnel forget to re-establish the plug connection at the end.

[0007] Furthermore, two positions are defined in switchgear, especially switchgear for train power supply according to railway standards, which must always be taken into account, especially during maintenance work. One of the defined positions is the operating position, in which the fast power switch is in full contact with the switchgear, i.e. all main and auxiliary contacts or main and auxiliary circuits are closed or connected. The second defined position is the test position, in which the main contacts are open, but the auxiliary contacts remain connected or closed. To ensure safe opening of the main contacts in the test position, an appropriate air gap to live parts must be ensured or maintained.

[0008] Currently, this is solved, at least in some cases, by moving the power switch itself, but this in turn brings other difficulties, such as requiring the movable parts and the power switch to be interlocked with each other, which is very complex in design and operation.

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a connecting device of a switching device, a switching device having a connecting device, and a method for automatically connecting the connecting device and a method for automatically disconnecting the connecting device, thereby improving the connection and disconnection of the control line of the switching device.

[0010] This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of independent claim 1 and of the independent claims 17, 18 and 19. Several developments and refinements of the invention result from the features of the dependent claims.

[0011] To this end, a connecting device of a switchgear having at least one control line has at least two parts, wherein one part is connected to a fixed part of a switch cabinet of the switchgear, and a second part is connected to a movable part of a switch cabinet of the switchgear, wherein the movable part of the switch cabinet is slidable, and wherein a connection can be established between the second part of the connecting device and the first part by sliding the movable part of the switch cabinet, wherein a connection to at least one control line of the switchgear can be automatically established by establishing a connection between the second part of the connecting device and the first part.

[0012] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection between the second component and the first component of the connecting device can be disconnected by pulling the movable component of the switch cabinet of the switching device, wherein by disconnecting the connection between the second component and the first component of the connecting device, the connection of at least one control line of the switching device can be automatically disconnected.

[0013] The solution according to the invention has the advantage that one or more control lines can be connected or disconnected automatically. As a result, connecting and disconnecting one or more control lines is significantly faster and requires fewer hand movements. This greatly increases user-friendliness. In addition, the operator does not forget to plug in the control line or control cable when moving in or sliding in, i.e. in order to establish the connection. This ensures rapid and error-free operation.

[0014] According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the movable part of the switch cabinet of the switchgear is designed as a sliding frame, wherein the sliding frame can be moved into the switch cabinet of the switchgear. Heavy and / or large loads, such as fast power switches, can be transported back and forth particularly conveniently by means of the sliding frame. Thus, one or more control lines can be connected and disconnected more quickly and more conveniently simply by moving them in or out. Thus, by moving a sliding frame in or out, such as a fast power switch sliding frame, automatic disconnection or connection of one or more control lines can be realized particularly conveniently.

[0015] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first component and the second component of the connecting device each have a plug-in element, by means of which the first component and the second component of the connecting device can be connected to each other in a plug-in manner.

[0016] The plug connection is particularly preferably self-centering.

[0017] This has the advantage that a secure connection of the male and female parts of the contacts can be ensured, thereby ensuring a permanent contact connection, in particular the connection of one or more control lines. The self-centering plug-in also makes it possible to easily compensate for position tolerances of the switch carriage inside the switch cabinet, thereby avoiding damage during the plug-in process.

[0018] According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the second part of the connecting device has at least one movable element, wherein the at least one movable element of the second part can be moved into an end position in the direction of the first part in the connected state of the connecting device.

[0019] It is particularly preferred if the at least one movable element of the second part is displaceable by at least 90 mm in the direction of the first part into an end position in the connected state of the connecting device.

[0020] This has the advantage that after the connection of one or more control lines has been established, i.e. after the two plug-in parts of the first part and the second part of the connecting device have been connected to one another, the movable part of the second part can preferably be moved further in the direction of the first part of the connecting device by means of telescopic rails, while ensuring or maintaining the connection of the one or more control lines, until an end position structurally fixed to the fixed part of the switch cabinet or the first part of the connecting device is reached, for example by means of corresponding stable stops. The realization of such a movement is not limited to the use of telescopic rails. All possible and sensible other solution alternatives, such as rollers, etc., can be used.

[0021] As a result, in particular in the field of rail vehicles, for example in switchgear for train power supply or train power supply network, specific specifications or requirements can always be easily complied with or implemented, in particular in maintenance operations, taking into account the relevant railway standards. According to the railway standards, two positions are particularly specified in the switch cabinet. One of the specified positions is the operating position, in which one or more fast power switches are in full contact with the switch cabinet, that is, all main contacts and auxiliary contacts or contact loops are closed or connected. The second specified position is the test position, in which the main contacts are disconnected, but the auxiliary contacts, in particular one or more control lines, remain connected or closed. At this time, in the test position, a corresponding air gap must be ensured between the live parts in order to safely disconnect the main contacts. This is achieved in particular by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, in which the movable device of the second part of the connecting device can be moved by at least 90 mm, thereby ensuring a corresponding, sufficiently large air gap.

[0022] Therefore, the time point at which the two plug-in devices of the first part and the second part of the connection device are connected to each other, ie the time point at which the connection of one or more control lines is established, corresponds to the test position.

[0023] Thus, in particular, as, for example, the sliding carriage is further moved in or slid in or the movable means of the second part of the connecting device is inserted into the end position corresponding to the operating position, the connection of one or more control lines can be maintained until the operating position is reached. When the switch carriage of the switch cabinet or the like is pulled out or moved out of the end position, i.e. the operating position, the terminal absorbs the force for disconnecting the plugging of the connecting device in the end position.

[0024] According to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the second part of the connecting device has at least one pressure device, by means of which the second part of the connecting device can be connected to the first part. The pressure device is preferably at least a part of the movable part of the second part of the connecting device, and the pressure device particularly preferably has a stop and a movable counter-stop, wherein the stop and the counter-stop are in contact with each other in the static position of the pressure device.

[0025] The stop of the pressure device is preferably designed as a protrusion, and the protrusion is particularly preferably designed as a rectangular hexagon. The counter-stop of the pressure device preferably has at least one roller lever and a spring element, wherein the spring element is particularly preferably designed as an air spring. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stop can be overcome by the counter-stop by applying pressure to the counter-stop of the pressure device, and the stop of the pressure device can be overcome by the counter-stop by means of pressure, by which a counter-pressure can be applied to the plug-in device of the first part and the second part of the connection device, and by means of the counter-pressure, a connection between the second part of the connection device and the first part can be established.

[0026] Thus, by means of an embodiment according to the invention, a mechanism can be mounted on a carriage, in particular a switch carriage, or in a drawer or plug-in structural unit, etc., which ensures that sufficient counterpressure is generated when the stop and the counterstop are in contact or, as required, against each other, when pressure is applied to the counterstop of the pressure device of the second part of the connection device, for example, by the carriage sliding in from the rest position of the pressure device, so that the plugging of the connection device and the connection of one or more control lines are established safely and stably. Here, the projection or the stop of the pressure device, in particular the cubic design, forms both a suitable vertical surface transverse to the direction of movement of the movable part of the second part of the connection device and a height that must be crossed in order to establish the necessary pressure or counterpressure. The stop itself is not part of the movable part of the second part of the connection device in order to establish the corresponding pressure or counterpressure. The size and in particular the geometry of the stop can be arbitrarily adapted as required without restriction. By means of the design of the counterstop with a roller lever and a spring element, the required force action, in particular the pressure for crossing the stop and the simultaneous connection establishment, i.e. the plugging of one or more control lines, can be metered particularly precisely and accurately. This is further improved by preferably using an air spring or a gas pressure spring. After crossing the stop or at least a part of the stop, for example the vertical surface of a projection of a cubic design, a roller lever is used so that the movable device can continue to move in the direction of the switch cabinet without counterpressure when moving in or sliding in, until the terminal position is reached when the connection of one or more control lines is further established. After leaving or crossing the vertical surface, the roller lever moves, for example, on the cubic projection along the horizontal top surface of the projection or the stop. The possible movement length can be determined as required. If a correspondingly long air gap is required for reliable disconnection of contact, especially the contact between the main contact and the live part, the corresponding length can be easily extended to at least 90 mm or significantly longer.

[0027] A switching device having at least one connecting device according to the invention as claimed in one of claims 1 to 16 therefore has the advantages of the invention described above.

[0028] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for automatically connecting at least one control line of a switching device by means of at least one connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 16, the method comprising the following steps:

[0029] - sliding the movable part of the switch cabinet of the switchgear towards the fixed part of the switch cabinet of the switchgear, the second part of the connecting device being connected to the movable part and the first part of the connecting device being connected to the fixed part;

[0030] - establishing a connection between the second part and the first part of the connection device;

[0031] - By establishing a connection between the second part and the first part of the connecting device, a connection to at least one control line of the switching device is automatically established.

[0032] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for automatically disconnecting at least one control line of a switching device by means of at least one connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 16, the method comprising the following steps:

[0033] - pulling out the movable part of the switch cabinet of the switchgear from the fixed part of the switch cabinet of the switchgear, the second part of the connecting device being connected to the movable part and the first part of the connecting device being connected to the fixed part;

[0034] - disconnecting the second part of the connection device from the first part;

[0035] - Automatically disconnecting at least one control line of the switching device by disconnecting the second part of the connecting device from the first part.

[0036] According to the method of the invention, one or more control lines of a switchgear can be connected and disconnected very quickly and automatically in just a few operating steps, thereby greatly improving user-friendliness. In addition, the operator does not forget to insert the control line or control cable when moving in or sliding in, i.e. when establishing the connection. This ensures fast and error-free operation.

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 shows the connection device according to the invention in the disconnected state,

[0039] Figure 2 shows a connection device according to the invention in a connected state,

[0040] Figure 3The connecting device according to the invention is shown in the connected state in the end stop position,

[0041] Figure 4 The invention is shown in the disconnected state according to Figure 1 Switch cabinets for connecting equipment,

[0042] Figure 5 Showing a connection state according to the present invention Figure 2 Switch cabinets for connecting equipment,

[0043] Figure 6 The invention shows a connection according to the invention in the connected state in the end stop position. Figure 3 Switch cabinet for connecting devices.

[0044] exist Figures 1 to 6 The same components are marked with the same reference numerals. Figures 4 to 6 References to the respective Figures 1 to 3 The display of the embodiments may be different here if necessary. In the description of the individual figures, only the differences from the other figures are described, and the common points naturally continue to apply even if no explicit designation is given.

[0045] Figure 1 The embodiment of the connection device 1 according to the invention in the disconnected state is shown, the connection device comprising a first part 5 fixedly connected to the fixed part 20 of the switch cabinet 19 and a second part 6 connected to the movable part 21 of the switch cabinet 19 (see also Figures 4 to 6 , which shows an embodiment with a switch cabinet 19). Figure 1 As shown, the first part 5 and the second part 6 of the connection device are disconnected, whereby the connection of one or more control lines is also disconnected.

[0046] The first part 5 of the connecting device 1 consists essentially of the switch cabinet-side plug-in element 2 and an end stop 9, which marks and determines the end position of the second part 6. The end stop 9 is connected to the switch cabinet-side plug-in element 2 via a metal frame. The first part 5 of the connecting device 1 is essentially stationary and fixed in position.

[0047] The second part 6 of the connection device 1 essentially comprises a plug-in element 3 connected to a movable part 21 of a switch cabinet 19, for example on the carriage side, a movable element 8 and a stop 12, which is designed here as a cuboidal projection and is part of the pressure device 11. The projection is designed to be fixed relative to another component of the pressure device, namely the counter-stop 13, so that a corresponding pressure or counter-pressure can be generated via the counter-stop 13. Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the counter-stop 13 of the pressure device 11 consists of a roller lever 14, which is coupled to an air spring or gas pressure spring 15. Figure 1 In the state of the pressure device 11 shown, the roller lever 14 has left the initial resting position, in which the projection 12 and the roller lever 14 are in principle adjacent to each other, and the roller lever has directly rested on the projection 12 and is in contact with it. The corresponding stop 13 of the pressure device 11, in particular the pneumatic (pressure) spring 15, is connected to the bracket 17 of the second part 6 of the connecting device 1. As shown in the figure, the bracket 17 is connected to at least one telescopic rail 16 via a lateral connection (for example a side plate), which is part of the movable device 8 and ensures that the second part 6 is moved in the direction of the first part 5 of the connecting device 1. Figure 1 The disconnected state of the connecting device 1 shown begins, and the second part 6 of the connecting device 1, except for the fixed protrusion 12, continues to move in the direction of the first part 5 of the connecting device 1 (such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown in Figure 1 As shown, the two plug components 2, 3 of the connection device 1 have been close to a certain extent, so that the establishment of the plug connection of the connection device 1 and the connection of the control line are about to take place. In order to ensure the firmness and simplicity of the plug connection, a self-centering plug connection is used for this purpose.

[0048] In order to ensure that the plug-in connection is automatically established, as, for example, the sliding frame 21 slides in further, pressure is applied to the pressure device 11, so that the roller lever 14 together with the air spring 15 moves upward or presses on the vertical surface of the cuboid protrusion 12, the roller lever 14 is already against the vertical surface of the protrusion 12, and thus a corresponding counterpressure is established, which enables the plug-in components 2, 3 of the connecting device 1 to be safely and stably plugged in when the switch cabinet 19 is further moved in. This is achieved immediately when the roller lever 14 just reaches or passes over the upper edge of the vertical surface of the protrusion 12 and reaches the horizontal top surface of the protrusion 12. This position is as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the connection of the plug-in components 2, 3 of the connecting device 1 and the control line all adopts self-centering plug-in.

[0049] When the sliding frame 21 with the second part 6 of the connecting device 1 is slid in further, the plug-in connection and the connection of one or more control lines remain in place from this position, and the plug-in devices 2, 3 remain fixed in position from this position. The rest of the second part 6 of the connecting device 1 continues to move in the direction of the first part 5. At this time, the roller lever 14 continues to move or move on the horizontal top surface of the protrusion 12 without counterpressure until the second part 6 reaches the end position and abuts against the end stop 9 of the first part 5 of the connecting device 1 via one or more telescopic rails 16. This position is as shown in FIG. Figure 3All connections are reestablished at this position. To automatically disconnect, the second component 6 is pulled out or away from the first component 5 of the connection device 1, whereby the process of automatically disconnecting is substantially the opposite of the process of automatically establishing a connection.

[0050] exist Figures 4 to 6 The above is described in conjunction with the implementation method used in the field of rail vehicles. Figures 1 to 3 To this end, Figures 4 to 6 Explicit reference Figures 1 to 3 ,especially Figure 4 refer to Figure 1 (I), Figure 5 refer to Figure 2 (II), Figure 6 refer to Figure 3 (III).

[0051] In particular, switchgear for train power supply or train power supply network must comply with specific specifications and requirements of railway standards, especially during maintenance work. In this case, in particular two positions are specified in the switch cabinet. One of the specified positions is the operating position, in which one or more high-speed power switches are in full contact with the switch cabinet, i.e. all main contacts and auxiliary contacts or circuits are closed or connected. The second specified position is the test position, in which the main contacts are open, but the auxiliary contacts, in particular one or more control lines, remain connected or closed. In the test position, an appropriate air gap to live parts must be ensured in order to reliably open the main contacts.

[0052] Figure 4 use Figure 1 The embodiment in (I) shows a switch cabinet 19 with a fixed part 20 and a movable part, a carriage 21, for example a high-speed power switch is located in the upper region of the carriage 21, and Figure 1 The connecting device 1 is arranged in the lower area of ​​the sliding frame 21. However, this arrangement is not limited, but can be arranged at any reasonable position or any position of the sliding frame 21 as needed.

[0053] Figure 4 The state in which all main contacts 22 and auxiliary contacts of the associated connection device 1 according to the invention are completely opened is shown, in particular a control line.

[0054] If the sliding frame 21 is further slid into the switch cabinet 19 in the direction of the fixing part 20, the Figure 5 According to the test location in Figure 2In the embodiment shown in (II), by sliding the sliding frame 21 into this position, the connection of the plugs 2, 3 of the connection device 1 and the control line has been automatically established. The main contacts 22 are always disconnected from each other. In order to disconnect safely, the connection device 1 is designed so that in this position, there is at least a 90mm air gap between the open contacts of the main contacts 22, that is, the live parts. The length of the air gap is also increased as desired by the corresponding design of the connection device 1 as needed.

[0055] When the sliding frame 21 slides further into the switch cabinet 19, it will reach Figure 6 The running position in Figure 3 Embodiment (III) In this operating position, in addition to the established plug connections 2 and 3 of the connecting device 1 and the established connection of the control lines (which also remains unchanged during the insertion), the connection of all main contacts 22 is now automatically established, so that all connections are now reestablished.

[0056] For automatic disconnection, the carriage 21 is pulled away from the fastening element 20 and out of the switch cabinet 19 , whereby the automatic disconnection process is essentially the reverse of the process for automatic connection establishment.

Claims

1. A connection device (1) for a switchgear having at least one control line, the connection device consisting of at least two components (5, 6), wherein: One component (5) is connected to a fixed component (20) of a switch cabinet (19) of the switch device, and a second component (6) is connected to a movable component (21) of the switch cabinet (19) of the switch device, wherein the movable component (21) of the switch cabinet (19) is slidable, It is characterized in that the connection between the second part (6) and the first part (5) of the connecting device (1) can be established by sliding the movable part (21) of the switch cabinet (19), wherein the connection with at least one control line of the switching device can be automatically established by establishing the connection between the second part (6) and the first part (5) of the connecting device (1).

2. The connection device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The movable part (21) of the switch cabinet (19) of the switch device is designed as a sliding frame, wherein the sliding frame (21) can be slid into the switch cabinet (19) of the switch device.

3. The connection device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first component (5) and the second component (6) of the connecting device (1) each have a plug-in device (2, 3), by means of which the first component (5) and the second component (6) of the connecting device (1) can be connected to each other in a plug-in manner.

4. The connection device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that The plug-in is self-centering.

5. The connection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The second part (6) of the connecting device (1) has at least one movable element (8), wherein the at least one movable element (8) of the second part (6) can be moved in the direction of the first part (5) into an end position (9) in the connected state of the connecting device (1).

6. The connection device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that In the connected state of the connecting device (1), at least one movable element (8) of the second component (6) can be moved by at least 90 mm in the direction of the first component (5) to an end position (9).

7. The connection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The second component (6) of the connecting device (1) has at least one pressure device (11), by means of which a connection of the second component (6) of the connecting device (1) to the first component (5) can be established.

8. The connection device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that The pressure device (11) is at least a part of the movable means (8) of the second component (6) of the connecting device (1).

9. The connection device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that The pressure device (11) has a stop (12) and a movable counter-stop (13), wherein in a rest position of the pressure device (11) the stop (12) and the counter-stop (13) are in contact with each other.

10. The connection device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that The stopper (12) of the pressure device (11) is designed as a protrusion.

11. The connection device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that The protrusion (12) is designed as a right-angled hexagon.

12. The connection device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that The counter-stop (13) of the pressure device (11) has at least one roller lever (14) and a spring element (15).

13. The connection device (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that The spring element (15) is designed as an air spring.

14. The connection device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that By applying pressure to a counter-stop (13) of the pressure device (11), the stop (12) can be overcome by the counter-stop (13).

15. Connection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The stop (12) of the pressure device (11) can be overcome by the counter-stop (13) by means of pressure, by means of which a counter-pressure can be applied to the plug-in components (2, 3) of the first component (5) and the second component (6) of the connecting device (1), by means of which a connection between the second component (6) and the first component (5) of the connecting device (1) can be established.

16. Connection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The connection between the second part (6) and the first part (5) of the connecting device (1) can be disconnected by pulling the movable part (21) of the switch cabinet (19) of the switching device, wherein the connection with at least one control line of the switching device can be automatically disconnected by disconnecting the second part (6) and the first part (5) of the connecting device (1). 17 . A switching device comprising at least one connecting device ( 1 ) according to claim 1 .

18. A method for automatically connecting at least one control line of a switching device by means of at least one connecting device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, the method comprising the following steps: - sliding the movable part (21) of the switch cabinet (19) of the switch device towards the fixed part (20) of the switch cabinet (19) of the switch device, the second part (6) of the connecting device (1) being connected to the movable part, and the first part (5) of the connecting device (1) being connected to the fixed part (20); - establishing a connection between the second component (6) of the connection device (1) and the first component (5); - By establishing a connection between the second component (6) of the connecting device (1) and the first component (5), a connection of at least one control line of the switching device is automatically established.

19. A method for automatically disconnecting at least one control line of a switching device by means of at least one connecting device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, the method comprising the following steps: - pulling the movable part (21) of the switch cabinet (19) of the switchgear out of the fixed part (20) of the switch cabinet (19) of the switchgear, the second part (6) of the connecting device (1) being connected to the movable part, and the first part (5) of the connecting device (1) being connected to the fixed part (20); - disconnecting the second part (6) of the connection device (1) from the first part (5); - Automatically disconnecting at least one control line of the switching device by disconnecting the second part (6) of the connecting device (1) from the first part (5).

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