Ear board adjustment system, ear picker and ear board adjustment method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a picking plate adjusting system, a picking machine and a picking plate adjusting method. When the picking plate adjusting system is applied to the picking machine to perform harvesting operation, the stem diameter of the crops to be harvested entering a harvesting space can be detected by the clamping contact detection of the stem diameter detection module, the detection precision is higher, the stem diameter size is determined by the control module according to the detection data, the driving module is controlled to adjust the distance between the two picking plates, the width of the harvesting space is adjusted, and the width of the harvesting space can be matched with the stem diameter of the crops to be harvested. The picking plate adjusting system disclosed by the application can automatically adjust the size of the harvesting space between the two picking plates in the execution module, manual adjustment is not needed, the labor intensity is reduced, the damage rate of fruits in the harvesting process is reduced, and the picking efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a picking plate adjustment system, a picking machine, and a picking plate adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] The header picking plate is a crucial component of a corn harvester. Its primary function is to remove corn ears from the stalks during harvesting. The performance of the picking plate directly impacts harvesting efficiency and quality. Currently, the width of the picking plate in existing corn harvesters is relatively fixed. However, the diameter of corn stalks varies during harvesting. When dealing with corn stalks with significant diameter variations, the spacing of the picking plates usually needs to be manually adjusted. This manual adjustment method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also difficult to ensure precision, resulting in low picking efficiency and a high corn damage rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a picking plate adjustment system, a picking machine, and a picking plate adjustment method to solve the problems of low picking efficiency and high corn damage rate caused by manually adjusting the spacing of the picking plates in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a picking plate adjustment system, comprising:

[0005] The execution module includes two picking plates arranged in alignment, with a harvesting space formed between the two picking plates;

[0006] A drive module, which is connected to the execution module, is used to adjust the width of the harvesting space between the two ear-picking plates;

[0007] A stalk diameter detection module is installed in the execution module and located at the entrance of the harvesting space. The detection end of the stalk diameter detection module is used to perform contact detection on both sides of the crop to be harvested in the width direction of the harvesting space to obtain the stalk diameter information of the crop to be harvested; and

[0008] The control module is configured to control the drive module to adjust the width of the harvesting space based on the rod diameter information.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0010] In some embodiments, the stalk diameter of the crop to be harvested is defined as d1 to d2, and the width of the harvesting space (121a) is adjustable from D1 to D2, wherein D1 > d1 and D2 > d2.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rod diameter detection module includes two rod diameter detection units, the detection ends of the two rod diameter detection units being aligned along the width direction of the harvesting space and forming a detection gap.

[0012] In some embodiments, the rod diameter detection unit includes:

[0013] An elastic reset element is disposed on the execution module;

[0014] A detection guide plate, disposed at the detection end and connected to the elastic reset member, is used to contact the crop to be harvested; and

[0015] A detection element is disposed on the execution module or the elastic reset member, and is used to detect the compression amount of the elastic reset member and feed it back to the control module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the distance between the detection guide plates of the two rod diameter detection units gradually decreases along the feeding direction of the harvesting space.

[0017] In some embodiments, the rod diameter detection module is equipped with a detection drive mechanism for each rod diameter detection unit;

[0018] The detection drive mechanism is disposed on the execution module, the rod diameter detection unit is connected to the detection drive mechanism, the rod diameter detection unit includes a detection position and a receiving position, and the detection drive mechanism is used to drive the rod diameter detection unit to switch between the detection position and the receiving position.

[0019] In some embodiments, the ear-picking plate adjustment system further includes a position sensor disposed on the execution module. The position sensor is communicatively connected to the control module and is used to detect the width of the harvesting space formed between the two ear-picking plates and feed it back to the control module.

[0020] In some embodiments, the harvesting plate adjustment system further includes a human-machine interface module electrically connected to the control module. The human-machine interface module includes a display screen and multiple function buttons, at least one of the function buttons being communicatively connected to the control module and used to adjust the width of the harvesting space.

[0021] The second aspect of this application provides a harvester, including a harvesting plate adjustment system according to the first aspect described above.

[0022] A third aspect of this application provides a method for adjusting a picking plate, applied to a picking plate adjustment system according to the first aspect above, the picking plate adjustment method comprising:

[0023] S100: Determine the average row spacing L of the crop to be harvested;

[0024] S200: Set the initial width of the harvesting space and control the harvester to travel at a speed V for harvesting;

[0025] S300: The stalk diameter detection module detects the stalk diameter information of N crops to be harvested within a first preset time T1 and calculates the average diameter, where N = (V*T1) / L;

[0026] S400: Adjust the width of the harvesting space according to the calculated average diameter.

[0027] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0028] In some embodiments, step S400 further includes:

[0029] S410: Determine the ideal spacing between the two picking plates based on the calculated average diameter;

[0030] S420: Compare the ideal spacing with the width of the current harvesting space to determine the amount of spacing adjustment needed, and set a threshold d. If the difference between the spacing to be adjusted and the current harvesting space is less than the threshold d, no adjustment is made. If it is greater than the threshold d, the drive module is controlled to perform the adjustment action.

[0031] In some embodiments, the method for adjusting the picking plate further includes:

[0032] After completing the detection of the stalk diameter information of N crops to be harvested, the stalk diameter detection module is controlled to exit the detection position.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the ear-picking plate adjustment system, ear-picking machine, and ear-picking plate adjustment method proposed in this application have at least the following technical advantages:

[0034] The picking plate adjustment system provided in this application, when applied to a picking machine for harvesting operations, uses a stalk diameter detection module to perform clamp-type contact detection of the stalk diameter of the crop to be harvested entering the harvesting space. This results in higher detection accuracy. The control module then determines the stalk diameter based on the detection data, thereby controlling the drive module to adjust the distance between the two picking plates. This adjusts the width of the harvesting space to ensure it matches the stalk diameter of the crop. The picking plate adjustment system provided in this application automatically adjusts the size of the harvesting space between the two picking plates in the execution module, eliminating the need for manual adjustment, reducing labor intensity, minimizing fruit damage during harvesting, and improving picking efficiency.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a picking board adjustment system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a top view of a partial structure of the cooperation between the execution module and the drive module in a harvester provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 A bottom view of a partial structure of the cooperation between the execution module and the drive module in a harvester provided in this application embodiment;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the partial structure when the execution module and the drive module cooperate;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting a picking plate, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0044] 100. Execution module; 110. Harvesting plate frame; 120. Harvesting assembly; 121. Harvesting plate; 121a. Harvesting space; 122. First rotating shaft; 123. Second rotating shaft;

[0045] 200, Drive module; 210, Rotary drive assembly; 211, Gear component; 212, Rack; 220, Transmission assembly; 221, Transmission rod assembly; 2210, First transmission component; 2211, Second transmission component; 222, Connecting rod assembly; 2220, First connector; 2221, Second connector; 2222, First support component; 2223, Second support component;

[0046] 300. Rod diameter detection module; 301. Detection gap; 310. Rod diameter detection unit; 311. Elastic reset component; 312. Detection guide plate; 313. Detection element; 320. Detection drive mechanism;

[0047] 400. Control module;

[0048] 500. Position sensor;

[0049] 600. Human-computer interaction module. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0051] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This embodiment provides a picking plate adjustment system that can be applied to a picking machine to automatically adjust the spacing between two picking plates 121 arranged in the picking machine.

[0054] The ear-picking plate adjustment system provided in this embodiment includes an execution module 100, a drive module 200, a rod diameter detection module 300, and a control module 400. Multiple execution modules 100 can be configured, and these multiple execution modules 100 can be driven by a single drive module 200, or each execution module 100 can be configured with its own drive module 200. This embodiment uses one set of execution modules 100 as an example for illustration.

[0055] The aforementioned execution module 100 includes two picking plates 121 arranged in opposite positions, forming a harvesting space 121a between the two picking plates 121, and the harvesting space 121a has an inlet for the crop to be harvested to enter.

[0056] The drive module 200 is connected to the execution module 100 for adjusting the width of the harvesting space 121a between the two picking plates 121. The adjustment methods include moving the two picking plates 121 closer to each other along the width direction of the harvesting space 121a to achieve width adjustment, or rotating the two picking plates 121 around the horizontal axis to open or close to achieve width adjustment.

[0057] The stalk diameter detection module 300 is installed in the execution module 100 and located at the entrance of the harvesting space 121a. Thus, the crop to be harvested must first pass through the stalk diameter detection module 300 before entering the harvesting space 121a. The detection end of the stalk diameter detection module 300 is used to perform contact detection on both sides of the crop to be harvested in the width direction of the harvesting space 121a to obtain the stalk diameter information of the crop.

[0058] The control module 400 is electrically connected to the drive module 200 and the rod diameter detection module 300. The control module 400 is configured to control the drive module 200 to adjust the width of the harvesting space 121a according to the rod diameter information.

[0059] Optionally, the control module 400 includes a PLC controller.

[0060] Thus, the picking plate adjustment system provided in this embodiment, when applied to a picking machine for harvesting operations, can use the stalk diameter detection module 300 to perform clamp-type contact detection of the stalk diameter of the crop to be harvested entering the harvesting space 121a, resulting in higher detection accuracy. The control module 400 then determines the stalk diameter based on the detection data, thereby controlling the drive module 200 to adjust the distance between the two picking plates 121, thereby adjusting the width of the harvesting space 121a to ensure that the width of the harvesting space 121a is compatible with the stalk diameter of the crop to be harvested.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the picking plate adjustment system provided in this embodiment can automatically adjust the size of the harvesting space 121a between the two picking plates 121 in the execution module 100 without manual adjustment, reducing the intensity of manual labor, ensuring a high rate of fruit damage during harvesting, and improving picking efficiency.

[0062] Furthermore, the stalk diameter range of the crop to be harvested is defined as d1~d2, and the adjustable width range of the harvesting space 121a is D1~D2. Considering that the stalk diameter of the crop to be harvested is uneven, with some crops being well-developed and others poorly developed, in order to cope with crops with large variations in stalk diameter and ensure the stability of subsequent harvesting, a certain working margin needs to be reserved in the width adjustment range of the harvesting space 121a. Therefore, D1>d1, D2>d2.

[0063] In some embodiments, the working margin is set differently depending on the crop to be harvested. Taking corn harvesting as an example, the diameter of the corn stalk is between 20-30mm, and the width of the harvesting space 121a between the ear-picking plates 121 should have a margin of 10mm relative to the corn stalk. Therefore, the adjustable range of the harvesting space 121a between the ear-picking plates 121 is 30-40mm. If the corn encounters special circumstances, such as poor or good development, its diameter may be smaller or larger, but it will not be less than 15mm when smaller and not greater than 35mm when larger. For harvesting stability, the adjustable range of the harvesting space 121a between the ear-picking plates 121 is designed to be 25-50mm. The threshold d can be designed to be 5±1.5mm.

[0064] Optionally, where D1 = d1 + 10 mm, D2 = d2 + (10 ~ 15) mm.

[0065] The above-mentioned stalk diameter detection module 300 includes two stalk diameter detection units 310. The two stalk diameter detection units 310 are respectively arranged below the corresponding ear-picking plate 121. The detection ends of the two stalk diameter detection units 310 are aligned along the width direction of the harvesting space 121a and form a detection gap 301.

[0066] Understandably, during the harvesting and detection of the stalk diameter, the stalk diameter of the crop to be harvested needs to pass through the detection gap 301, thereby squeezing the detection ends of the two stalk diameter detection units 310. In other words, the detection ends of the two stalk diameter detection units 310 will clamp and detect the stalk diameter on both sides along the width direction of the harvesting space 121a. Thus, through contact detection, the measurement is more accurate, improving detection precision.

[0067] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 To more clearly describe the technical solution of this application, this embodiment will describe one of the two rod diameter detection units 310. Specifically, the rod diameter detection unit 310 includes an elastic reset member 311, a detection guide plate 312, and a detection element 313.

[0068] The elastic reset member 311 is mounted on the execution module 100. A detection guide plate 312 is arranged at the detection end and connected to the elastic reset member 311, and is used to make contact with the crop to be harvested. A detection element 313 is mounted on the execution module 100 or the elastic reset member 311, and is used to detect the compression amount of the elastic reset member 311 and convert the compression amount into an electrical signal to be fed back to the control module 400. Thus, the control module 400 can calculate the rod diameter based on the compression amount fed back by the detection element 313.

[0069] Optionally, the resilient reset element 311 may be a compression spring, a spring sheet, or a gas spring.

[0070] Optionally, the detection element 313 can be a displacement sensor or a strain gauge. The displacement sensor can detect the displacement of the guide plate 312 after the elastic reset member 311 is compressed, thereby indirectly obtaining the compression amount of the elastic reset member 311. The strain gauge can be disposed on the elastic reset member 311. When the elastic reset member 311 is compressed, it causes the strain gauge to compress and deform. The deformation of the strain gauge causes a change in its resistance value, and the magnitude of the elastic force or the amount of compression can be calculated based on the change in resistance value, and then forwarded as an electrical signal to the control module 400.

[0071] Furthermore, along the feeding direction of the harvesting space 121a, the distance between the detection guide plates 312 of the two rod diameter detection units 310 gradually decreases. This facilitates the smooth passage of the rod diameter through the detection gap 301 for measurement.

[0072] Optionally, the detection guide plate 312 is an arc-shaped plate. The outer arc surfaces of the arc-shaped plates of the two rod diameter detection units 310 are arranged opposite each other, thereby forming a reduced flared mouth on the inlet side, so that the rod diameter can pass smoothly through the detection gap 301 for measurement.

[0073] In this embodiment, the stalk diameter detection module 300 is equipped with a detection drive mechanism 320 corresponding to each stalk diameter detection unit 310. The detection drive mechanism 320 is mounted on the execution module 100, and the stalk diameter detection unit 310 is connected to the detection drive mechanism 320 via a transmission connection. The stalk diameter detection unit 310 includes a detection position and a receiving position. When the stalk diameter detection unit 310 is in the detection position, the detection end of the stalk diameter detection unit 310 extends into the harvesting space 121a. When the stalk diameter detection unit 310 is in the receiving position, both the stalk diameter detection unit 310 and its detection end are received within the coverage area below the corresponding ear-picking plate 121 (a receiving space can be provided below the ear-picking plate 121 to receive the stalk diameter detection unit 310), and are not exposed in the harvesting space 121a, reducing interference during the harvesting process and protecting the stalk diameter detection unit 310.

[0074] The detection drive mechanism 320 is used to drive the rod diameter detection unit 310 to switch between the detection position and the receiving position. The switching method includes rotary switching or linear telescopic switching.

[0075] In this embodiment, a linear telescopic switching method is used. Thus, after the pole diameter detection unit 310 completes the detection of the target quantity of crops to be harvested and adjusts the harvesting space 121a, the detection drive mechanism 320 drives the pole diameter detection unit 310 to retract to the receiving position, so that the detection end of the pole diameter detection unit 310 is not exposed in the harvesting space 121a area, allowing subsequent harvesting to proceed smoothly. When detection is required, the detection drive mechanism 320 drives the pole diameter detection unit 310 to extend a preset stroke to the detection position, so that the detection end of the pole diameter detection unit 310 is exposed in the harvesting space 121a, facilitating contact detection of the pole diameter.

[0076] Optionally, the detection drive mechanism 320 may be an electric push rod, an electric cylinder, or a lead screw motor, etc. It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0077] In this embodiment, the detection drive mechanism 320 is selected as a lead screw motor, wherein the motor is preferably a stepper motor or a servo motor.

[0078] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 Furthermore, the ear-picking plate adjustment system also includes a position sensor 500 installed on the execution module 100. The position sensor 500 is communicatively connected to the control module 400 and is used to detect the width of the harvesting space 121a formed between the two ear-picking plates 121 and feed it back to the control module 400 to achieve precise adjustment.

[0079] Optionally, the position sensor 500 can be a laser distance sensor, a potentiometer, or an encoder.

[0080] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the harvesting plate adjustment system further includes a human-machine interface module 600 electrically connected to the control module 400. The human-machine interface module 600 includes a display screen and multiple function buttons. The function buttons can be physical buttons or built-in touch-sensitive virtual buttons. The display screen is connected to the control module 400 via serial communication and displays the current spacing of the harvesting plates 121 (i.e., the width of the harvesting space 121a) in real time.

[0081] At least one function button is communicatively connected to the control module 400 and can be used to adjust the width of the harvesting space 121a. That is, a function button is configured to send a control signal to the control module 400 to adjust the width of the harvesting space 121a, thereby achieving manual control adjustment. Thus, if the operator finds that the spacing of the picking boards 121 needs to be readjusted during the harvesting process, they can manually adjust the position of the picking boards 121 through the control button for secondary adjustment or compensation.

[0082] Specifically, for example, pressing the corresponding function button for 1 second will cause the drive module 200 to adjust the spacing of the picking plate 121 by 5mm. The picking plate 121 can adjust to any spacing within the adjustable range within 5 seconds. It should be understood that the above is merely an example and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0083] It should be noted that the above communication connection methods include wired or wireless communication. Among them, wireless communication can be selected from Bluetooth, WIFI, 3G, 4G, 5G and other communication methods.

[0084] Compared to existing technologies, the ear-picking plate adjustment system provided in this embodiment can automatically adjust the spacing of the ear-picking plates 121 according to the diameter of the corn stalks, and can also be manually adjusted by controlling the function buttons to compensate during the harvesting process, thereby improving work efficiency and harvesting quality and reducing the complexity of manual operation.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 This embodiment also provides a harvester. The harvester includes the harvester plate adjustment system provided in Embodiment 1 above.

[0087] In this embodiment, the width of the harvesting space 121a is adjusted by driving the two picking plates 121 to rotate around the horizontal axis to open or close, thereby achieving width adjustment.

[0088] Specifically, the execution module 100 also includes a picking plate frame 110 and a picking assembly 120, and the drive module 200 includes a rotation drive assembly 210 and a transmission assembly 220.

[0089] The ear-picking assembly 120 includes two ear-picking plates 121 spaced apart along the width direction, and a first rotating shaft 122 and a second rotating shaft 123 rotatably mounted on the ear-picking plate frame 110. One ear-picking plate 121 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 122, and the other ear-picking plate 121 is arranged on the second rotating shaft 123. A harvesting space 121a extending along the length direction is formed between the two ear-picking plates 121.

[0090] The rotary drive assembly 210 drives the first rotating shaft 122 and the second rotating shaft 123 to rotate around their own axes, thereby causing the two picking plates 121 to swing in opposite directions. The transmission assembly 220 is drivenly connected to the rotary drive assembly 210. The transmission assembly 220 includes a transmission rod assembly 221 and a connecting rod assembly 222 disposed on the transmission rod assembly 221. The first rotating shaft 122 and the second rotating shaft 123 corresponding to the connecting rod assembly 222 are drively connected. In this embodiment, the rotation directions of the first rotating shaft 122 and the second rotating shaft 123 are opposite.

[0091] The number of connecting rod assemblies 222 and the number of ear-picking assemblies 120 are both multiple and connected in a one-to-one correspondence. The transmission rod assembly 221 includes a first transmission member 2210 and a second transmission member 2211 arranged at intervals. The connecting rod assembly 222 includes a first connecting member 2220 and a second connecting member 2221 respectively provided on the first transmission member 2210 and the second transmission member 2211. The first end of the first connecting member 2220 is hinged to the first transmission member 2210 and the second end is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 122. The first end of the second connecting member 2221 is hinged to the second transmission member 2211 and the second end is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 123.

[0092] The connecting rod assembly 222 also includes a first support member 2222 and a second support member 2223 respectively disposed on the first transmission member 2210 and the second transmission member 2211. The two ends of the first support member 2222 are respectively hinged to the first transmission member 2210 and the second rotating shaft 123, and the two ends of the second support member 2223 are respectively hinged to the second transmission member 2211 and the first rotating shaft 122.

[0093] The rotary drive assembly 210 includes a gear component 211, a rotary drive component, and a rack 212. The rotary drive component is drivenly connected to the gear component 211; two racks 212 are provided, and the opposite sides of the two racks 212 mesh with the gear component 211, and the ends of the two racks 212 are connected to the first transmission component 2210 and the second transmission component 2211.

[0094] Optionally, the rotary drive is a motor.

[0095] The ear-picking machine provided in this embodiment drives the first rotating shaft 122 and the second rotating shaft 123 to rotate around their own axis via the rotary drive assembly 210, which in turn drives the two ear-picking plates 121 to swing in opposite directions. One ear-picking plate 121 rotates counterclockwise and the other ear-picking plate 121 rotates clockwise, thereby causing the two ear-picking plates 121 to move closer or further apart, so as to adjust the inner diameter of the harvesting space 121a to adapt to the harvesting requirements of different sized stalks. This solves the technical problem of low harvesting efficiency and low harvesting yield of the fixed ear-picking plate 121 in the prior art.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for adjusting the ear-picking plate. The ear-picking plate adjustment method is applied to the ear-picking plate adjustment system provided in Embodiment 1 above. The ear-picking plate adjustment method includes:

[0098] S100: Determine the average row spacing L of the crop to be harvested.

[0099] Specifically, the settings can be made based on the planting data of the area that needs to be harvested, or the average value can be obtained by sampling on site.

[0100] S200: Set the initial width of the harvesting space 121a and control the harvester to carry out harvesting at a speed V.

[0101] The initial width of the harvesting space 121a can be obtained from previous research data on the crop to be harvested, and this data can be built into the program of the control module 400 for use, or it can be manually input according to the site conditions via function keys.

[0102] S300: The stalk diameter detection module 300 detects the stalk diameter information of N crops to be harvested within the first preset time T1 and calculates the average diameter, where N=(V*T1) / L.

[0103] Where N ≥ 100. Optionally, N can be 110, 120, 130, 145, 152, 176, 180, 200, etc. Understandably, the larger the value of N, the more accurate the measured data. In this embodiment, the value of N can be set according to the situation of the crop to be harvested on site, so the above is only an example and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0104] S400: Adjust the width of the harvesting space 121a according to the calculated average diameter.

[0105] Furthermore, step S400 also includes:

[0106] S410: Determine the ideal spacing between the two picking plates 121 based on the calculated average diameter.

[0107] S420: Compare the ideal spacing with the width of the current harvesting space 121a to determine the amount of spacing adjustment needed. At the same time, set a threshold d. If the difference between the spacing to be adjusted and the current harvesting space 121a is less than the threshold d, no adjustment is made. If it is greater than the threshold d, control the drive module 200 to perform the adjustment action.

[0108] Optionally, taking corn harvesting as an example, the diameter of the corn stalk is between 20-30mm. The width of the harvesting space 121a between the ear-picking plates 121 should have a margin of 10mm relative to the corn stalk. Therefore, the adjustable range of the harvesting space 121a between the ear-picking plates 121 is 30-40mm. If the corn encounters special circumstances, such as poor or good development, its diameter may be smaller or larger, but it will not be less than 15mm when smaller and not greater than 35mm when larger. For harvesting stability, the adjustable range of the harvesting space 121a between the ear-picking plates 121 is designed to be 25-50mm. Among them, the threshold d can be designed to be 5±1.5mm.

[0109] In this embodiment, the method for adjusting the picking plate further includes:

[0110] After completing the detection of the stalk diameter information of N crops to be harvested, the stalk diameter detection module 300 is controlled to exit the detection position. This operation is performed by the detection drive mechanism 320.

[0111] It should be noted that since the crops to be harvested may be distributed across different plots, the stalk diameter of the crops to be harvested in different plots may differ when the harvesting is carried out. In order to avoid the harvesting stability being affected by the small gap of the picking plate 121 when the harvesting of the current plot just begins after the previous plot has been completed, the width of the harvesting space 121a is adjusted by reinstalling the above steps S100-S400 after the relocation.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this application, unless otherwise stated, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" used to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0113] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0114] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0116] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A picking plate adjustment system, characterized in that, include: The execution module (100) includes two picking plates (121) arranged in opposite positions, with a harvesting space (121a) formed between the two picking plates (121). A drive module (200) is connected to the execution module (100) for adjusting the width of the harvesting space (121a) between the two ear-picking plates (121); A stalk diameter detection module (300) is disposed in the execution module (100) and located at the entrance of the harvesting space (121a). The detection end of the stalk diameter detection module (300) is used to perform contact detection on both sides of the crop to be harvested in the width direction of the harvesting space (121a) to obtain the stalk diameter information of the crop to be harvested. The stalk diameter detection module (300) includes two stalk diameter detection units (310) arranged below the corresponding picking plate (121). The detection ends of the two stalk diameter detection units (310) are aligned along the width direction of the harvesting space (121a) and form a detection gap (301). and The control module (400) is configured to control the drive module (200) to adjust the width of the harvesting space (121a) according to the rod diameter information; The rod diameter detection unit (310) includes: An elastic reset element (311) is disposed on the execution module (100); A detection guide plate (312) is arranged at the detection end and connected to the elastic reset member (311), the detection guide plate (312) being used to contact the crop to be harvested; and A detection element (313) is disposed on the execution module (100) or the elastic reset member (311) for detecting the compression amount of the elastic reset member (311) and feeding it back to the control module (400). The rod diameter detection module (300) is equipped with a detection drive mechanism (320) for each rod diameter detection unit (310); the detection drive mechanism (320) is disposed on the execution module (100), the rod diameter detection unit (310) is connected to the detection drive mechanism (320) in a transmission manner, the rod diameter detection unit (310) includes a detection position and a receiving position, and the detection drive mechanism (320) is used to drive the rod diameter detection unit (310) to switch between the detection position and the receiving position; After the pole diameter detection unit (310) completes the detection of the target quantity of crops to be harvested and the adjustment of the harvesting space (121a), the detection drive mechanism (320) drives the pole diameter detection unit (310) to retract to the receiving position, so that the detection end of the pole diameter detection unit (310) is not exposed in the harvesting space (121a) area, so that subsequent harvesting can proceed smoothly; when detection is required, the detection drive mechanism (320) drives the pole diameter detection unit (310) to extend to the detection position by a preset stroke, so that the detection end of the pole diameter detection unit (310) is exposed in the harvesting space (121a), so as to facilitate contact detection of the pole diameter.

2. The ear-picking plate adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stalk diameter of the crop to be harvested is defined as d1~d2, and the width of the harvesting space (121a) is adjustable as D1~D2, where D1>d1 and D2>d2.

3. The ear-picking plate adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the feeding direction of the harvesting space (121a), the distance between the detection guide plates (312) of the two rod diameter detection units (310) gradually decreases.

4. The ear-picking plate adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ear-picking plate adjustment system also includes a position sensor (500) disposed on the execution module (100). The position sensor (500) is communicatively connected to the control module (400) and is used to detect the width of the harvesting space (121a) formed between the two ear-picking plates (121) and feed it back to the control module (400).

5. The ear-picking plate adjustment system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The harvesting plate adjustment system also includes a human-machine interface module (600) electrically connected to the control module (400). The human-machine interface module (600) includes a display screen and multiple function buttons. At least one of the function buttons is communicatively connected to the control module (400) and is used to adjust the width of the harvesting space (121a).

6. A harvester, characterized in that, Includes the ear-picking plate adjustment system according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. A method for adjusting a picking plate, characterized in that, The ear-picking plate adjustment system applied according to any one of claims 1-5, the ear-picking plate adjustment method comprising: S100: Determine the average row spacing L of the crop to be harvested; S200: Set the initial width of the harvesting space (121a) and control the harvester to harvest at a speed of V; S300: The stalk diameter detection module (300) detects the stalk diameter information of N crops to be harvested within a first preset time T1 and calculates the average diameter, where N = (V*T1) / L; S400: Adjust the width of the harvesting space (121a) according to the calculated average diameter.

8. The method for adjusting the picking plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The S400 also includes: S410: Determine the ideal spacing between the two picking plates (121) based on the calculated average diameter; S420: Compare the ideal spacing with the width of the current harvesting space (121a) to determine the amount of spacing that needs to be adjusted. At the same time, set a threshold d. If the difference between the spacing that needs to be adjusted and the current harvesting space (121a) is less than the threshold d, no adjustment is made. If it is greater than the threshold d, control the drive module (200) to perform the adjustment action.

9. The method for adjusting the ear-picking plate according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The method for adjusting the picking board also includes: After completing the detection of the stalk diameter information of N crops to be harvested, the stalk diameter detection module (300) is controlled to exit the detection position.

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