Novel flue gas collecting device for aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel aluminum electrolysis cell flue gas collecting device which comprises a horizontal cover plate (3) and a covering material (7) of an electrolysis cell, a horizontal flue (5) is arranged between the horizontal cover plate (3) and the covering material (7), one or more gas collecting ports (9) are formed below the horizontal flue (5), and the positions of the gas collecting ports (9) are crust breaking discharging points respectively. According to the invention, reaction flue gas can be effectively collected, so that only a small part of the reaction flue gas is diffused into the groove cavity; and the air volume required for collecting the flue gas is reduced, so that the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved. The flue gas generated by reaction can be directly pumped away, various substance components in the flue gas are purer, advanced treatment and analysis of the flue gas are facilitated, and better conditions and theoretical basis are provided for an electrolysis flue gas purification system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic cell fume collection, in particular to a novel aluminum electrolytic cell fume collection device. Background Art

[0002] During the aluminum electrolysis production process, a large amount of flue gas such as CO2, HF, SO2 and fluorine-containing dust is discharged from the electrolytic cell. Since the actual airtightness of the electrolytic cell is difficult to meet the requirements, in order to meet the national emission standards and reduce flue gas overflow, the only way is to increase the exhaust volume of the electrolytic cell. A larger exhaust volume will lead to increased purification energy consumption, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas is low, which is not conducive to subsequent centralized treatment and utilization.

[0003] In actual production, aluminum electrolytic cells need to replace anodes, discharge aluminum, break shells and unload materials, which will generate a lot of flue gas, which will diffuse unorganized in the aluminum electrolytic cell cavity. The traditional flue gas collection method is to set a flue through the electrolytic cell above the aluminum electrolytic cell to extract air in the cell, and form a negative pressure at the main smoke pipe at the end to extract the flue gas and enter the purification system. Its disadvantages are: ① Because the aluminum electrolytic cell is not airtight, a lot of air will enter the cavity of the cell. When the flue collects the flue gas through the gas collection hole, it will take away the air together, resulting in a lot of air being extracted, low gas collection efficiency and large energy loss; ② The distance from each gas collection port of the flue to the end is different, so the size of each gas collection port is different, which requires continuous calculation and adjustment during design, but it still cannot guarantee the uniformity of gas collection at each gas collection port. Therefore, in actual production, it will be found that some points still have flue gas that has not been completely extracted.

[0004] Therefore, how to collect electrolytic flue gas efficiently and with low energy consumption is a difficult problem that the aluminum electrolysis industry urgently needs to solve at this stage. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel aluminum electrolysis cell fume collection device, which collects electrolytic fume with high efficiency and low energy consumption.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a new type of aluminum electrolytic cell fume collection device, including a horizontal cover plate and a covering material of the electrolytic cell, a horizontal flue is provided between the horizontal cover plate and the covering material, and more than one gas collecting port is provided below the horizontal flue, and the positions of the gas collecting ports are respectively shelling and unloading points.

[0007] The gas collecting port includes the shell beating hammer head and the material discharge pipe above the shell beating hammer head, and is inserted downward into the covering material between the two anodes.

[0008] The lower part of the feed pipe is arranged in the gas collecting port, the upper part of the feed pipe is connected to the feed barrel, and the upper part and the lower part are connected by an insulating sleeve.

[0009] Insulating material is provided between the horizontal flue and the horizontal cover plate.

[0010] A blowing pipe is inserted into the horizontal flue.

[0011] The gas collecting port has a transverse width of 160 mm to 200 mm and a longitudinal length of 110 mm to 125 mm.

[0012] The horizontal flue is connected to the main smoke pipe, and a negative pressure device is arranged on the main smoke pipe.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the invention: Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a new idea for collecting electrolytic cell fume. In the aluminum electrolysis industrial production, a large amount of toxic fume generated during the reaction is collected at the reaction location, which improves the efficiency of fume collection and greatly reduces the exhaust air volume required for fume collection, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0014] The present invention reduces the exhaust air volume required for flue gas collection, and also reduces the heat carried away by the flue gas, which can reduce the heat loss of the aluminum electrolytic cell itself, has a good energy-saving effect, and also provides optimization space for subsequent optimization of the thermal balance of the electrolytic cell.

[0015] The present invention directly collects and extracts the high-temperature flue gas generated by the reaction, and the temperature of the flue gas is higher, providing a better heat source or thermal energy for the subsequent development of flue gas waste heat utilization.

[0016] The invention can directly extract the flue gas generated by the reaction, and the various material components in the flue gas are purer, which is conducive to the deep treatment and analysis of the flue gas and provides better conditions and theoretical basis for the electrolytic flue gas purification system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a longitudinal partial schematic diagram of the position of the horizontal flue and gas collecting port of an aluminum electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial transverse schematic diagram of the position of the horizontal flue and gas collecting port of an aluminum electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure, 1. insulating device, 2. discharge barrel, 3. horizontal cover plate, 4. insulating sleeve, 5. horizontal flue, 6. discharge pipe, 7. covering material, 8. anode, 9. gas collecting port, 10. shelling hammer, 11. blowing pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments below. The following specific embodiments can be combined or replaced with each other according to actual conditions, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. Example

[0020] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a novel fume collection device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising a horizontal cover plate 3 and a covering material 7 of the electrolytic cell, a horizontal flue 5 is provided between the horizontal cover plate 3 and the covering material 7, and more than one gas collecting port 9 is provided below the horizontal flue 5, and the positions of the gas collecting ports 9 are respectively shelling and unloading points. Collecting fume at the shelling and unloading points is more targeted and has lower energy consumption. The number of shelling and unloading points for each aluminum electrolytic cell depends on different cell types, and is generally 6.

[0021] The gas collecting port 9 includes the shelling hammer 10 and the feeding pipe 6 above the shelling hammer 10, and is inserted downward into the covering material 7 between the two anodes 8. The fire eye of the shelling and feeding can be completely covered, so most of the smoke generated by the reaction can be sucked away by the horizontal flue 5.

[0022] The lower part of the feed pipe 6 is arranged in the gas collecting port 9 , the upper part of the feed pipe 6 is connected to the feed barrel 2 , and the upper part and the lower part are connected by an insulating sleeve 4 .

[0023] An insulating material 1 is provided between the horizontal flue 5 and the horizontal cover plate 3. The insulating material 1 needs to consider its physical properties of high temperature resistance and high compressive strength. The use temperature of the insulating material 1 should not be lower than 400°C, and the compressive strength should not be lower than 100MPa.

[0024] A blowing pipe 11 is inserted into the horizontal flue 5. If dust is accumulated, it can be purged by connecting to a temporary gas point.

[0025] The gas collecting port 9 has a transverse width of 160 mm to 200 mm and a longitudinal length of 110 mm to 125 mm, which can completely cover the shelling hammer head 10 and correspond to the center seam size of the anode 8 of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0026] The horizontal flue 5 is connected to the main smoke pipe, and a negative pressure device is arranged on the main smoke pipe to increase the smoke exhaust rate.

[0027] Each gas collecting port 9 completely covers the fire eye of the aluminum electrolytic cell. Most of the flue gas generated during shelling and unloading can be collected by the gas collecting port, but some flue gas will still be discharged into the aluminum electrolytic cell cavity through the original flue, so the original flue cannot be closed. However, the original air volume demand can be reduced. The optimized air volume demand is about 10%~15% of the original air volume demand, which can greatly reduce the fan power of the purification system and achieve energy saving and consumption reduction effects. Example

[0028] The present invention provides a novel fume collection device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising a horizontal cover plate 3 and a covering material 7 of the electrolytic cell, a horizontal flue 5 is provided between the horizontal cover plate 3 and the covering material 7, and one or more gas collecting ports 9 are provided below the horizontal flue 5. The positions of the gas collecting ports 9 are respectively shelling and unloading points. Collecting fume at the shelling and unloading points is more targeted and has lower energy consumption. The number of shelling and unloading points for each aluminum electrolytic cell depends on different cell types, and is generally 6.

[0029] The gas collecting port 9 includes the shelling hammer 10 and the feeding pipe 6 above the shelling hammer 10, and is inserted downward into the covering material 7 between the two anodes 8. The fire eye of the shelling and feeding can be completely covered, so most of the smoke generated by the reaction can be sucked away by the horizontal flue 5.

[0030] The lower part of the feed pipe 6 is arranged in the gas collecting port 9 , the upper part of the feed pipe 6 is connected to the feed barrel 2 , and the upper part and the lower part are connected by an insulating sleeve 4 .

[0031] An insulating material 1 is provided between the horizontal flue 5 and the horizontal cover plate 3. The insulating material 1 needs to consider its physical properties of high temperature resistance and high compressive strength. The use temperature of the insulating material 1 should not be lower than 400°C, and the compressive strength should not be lower than 100MPa.

[0032] The gas collecting port 9 has a transverse width of 180 mm and a longitudinal length of 120 mm.

[0033] The horizontal flue 5 is connected to the main smoke pipe, and the smoke in the main smoke pipe is discharged by the thermal expansion of the smoke itself.

[0034] In addition to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, the present invention also has other implementation modes. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection requested by the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel fume collection device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising a horizontal cover plate (3) and a covering material (7) of the electrolytic cell, characterized in that: A horizontal flue (5) is provided between the horizontal cover plate (3) and the covering material (7), and one or more gas collecting ports (9) are provided below the horizontal flue (5). The positions of the gas collecting ports (9) are respectively shelling and material discharge points.

2. A novel aluminum electrolysis cell fume collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collecting port (9) includes the shelling hammer head (10) and the feed pipe (6) above the shelling hammer head (10), and is inserted downward into the covering material (7) between the two anodes (8).

3. A novel aluminum electrolysis cell fume collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower part of the feed pipe (6) is arranged in the gas collecting port (9), the upper part of the feed pipe (6) is connected to the feed barrel (2), and the upper part and the lower part are connected via an insulating sleeve (4).

4. A novel aluminum electrolysis cell fume collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating material (1) is provided between the horizontal flue (5) and the horizontal cover plate (3).

5. The novel aluminum electrolysis cell fume collection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A blowing pipe (11) is inserted into the horizontal flue (5).

6. The novel aluminum electrolysis cell fume collection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas collecting port (9) has a transverse width of 160 mm to 200 mm and a longitudinal length of 110 mm to 125 mm.

7. The novel aluminum electrolysis cell fume collection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal flue (5) is connected to the main smoke pipe, and a negative pressure device is provided on the main smoke pipe.

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