Building foundation waterproof system and method
By introducing a self-repair module into the building foundation waterproofing system, the use of micro capsules to release repair agents to fill the cracks in the basement layer, the problem of inconvenient water seepage in the basement structure is solved, and the problem of water leakage is inconvenient for maintenance and further erosion of moisture is achieved, and higher waterproof performance and service life are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510050679.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
AI Technical Summary
After the house is built, cracks occur in the basement structure due to improper transition treatment at the junction of different materials or parts, and water in groundwater or soil enters the cracks and causes leakage, and the waterproofing of the basement is difficult to repair after the infrastructure construction is completed.
A basic waterproofing system for building a house is designed, including basic structure modules, waterproof modules, drainage modules and self-repair modules. The self-healing module releases repair agents through micro capsules to fill cracks generated by the ground layer and prevent further moisture from penetration.
It effectively solves the problem of inconvenient water seepage in the basement structure and further erosion of moisture, improves the reliability and durability of the waterproof system, and extends the service life of the house.
Smart Images
Figure CN119663904A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building foundation waterproofing, and in particular to a building foundation waterproofing system and method. Background Art
[0002] Building foundation waterproofing is the key to ensuring the quality and service life of building projects. With the innovative application and development of technology, waterproofing technology has become more mature. Efficient foundation waterproofing can directly enhance the performance of building projects and extend the service life of building buildings.
[0003] When designing the waterproof system for the foundation of a building, according to the waterproof treatment method, the waterproofing methods include: waterproofing; drainage; water diversion. The conditions for building basement waterproofing are relatively fewer than those for the above-ground parts, but due to the difficulty of underground repair and geological conditions, when designing the building and waterproofing system, it should be understood that the impact of conditions and the safety margin should be more stringent than those for the ground; underground waterproofing is closely related to rainfall and groundwater level conditions; after the house is built, the reason why the basement has more leakage problems is that the transition treatment of different materials or parts in the basement structure is improper, resulting in cracks, and the moisture in the groundwater or soil enters the cracks and causes leakage; after the foundation structure is completed, it is difficult to enter the basement waterproofing for maintenance, which is not conducive to surveying.
[0004] To sum up, how to solve the problem that after the house is built, cracks are generated in the basement structure due to improper transition treatment at the junction of different materials or parts, and groundwater or moisture in the soil enters the cracks and causes leakage, and the basement waterproofing is difficult to enter for maintenance after the foundation structure is completed has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a house foundation waterproofing system and method. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a building foundation waterproofing system and method, which is used to release a repair agent in time to fill the cracks when cracks occur in the base layer through a self-repairing module, thereby solving the problem of water seepage in the underground foundation structure, which is inconvenient to repair and further erosion by water.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A building foundation waterproofing system, comprising:
[0007] The foundation construction module comprises a base layer, and the base layer is used to construct the foundation base layer by adopting the integral casting technology.
[0008] The waterproof module comprises a waterproof layer, which is arranged under and around the foundation layer to prevent moisture from corroding the foundation layer.
[0009] The drainage module is arranged under and around the waterproof layer to discharge the infiltrated water.
[0010] The waterproof module also includes a filling layer, which is used to fill the composite concrete mixed with expansive aggregate and coarse aggregate concrete between the base layer and the waterproof layer. When the humidity in the soil environment increases, the expansive aggregate expands and fills the pores in the concrete.
[0011] The self-repairing module includes several repairing units. The repairing units are used to mix with concrete to obtain composite concrete, and the composite concrete is used to construct the foundation. When cracks appear in the foundation, moisture enters the cracks and contacts the repairing units, the repairing units release repair agents to fill the cracks.
[0012] Furthermore, in the self-repairing module, the repair unit includes a microcapsule, the microcapsule includes a microcapsule shell, and the microcapsule is used to coat the repair agent; the microcapsule shell is made of polyvinyl alcohol.
[0013] Furthermore, in the waterproof module, the material of the expanded aggregate of the waterproof layer is a mixture of silicon oxide and naphthalene-based water-reducing agent.
[0014] Furthermore, the drainage module includes a drainage layer, the drainage layer material is made of a mixture of silicate and concrete; a number of drainage channels are opened inside the drainage layer, the drainage channels are interconnected, and the drainage channels are connected to the underground soil; the inner surfaces of the drainage channels are coated with hydrophobic material.
[0015] Furthermore, in the drainage module, the hydrophobic material coated on the inner surface of the drainage channel is made by mixing fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, naphtha and a coating base.
[0016] Furthermore, in the drainage module, a drainage layer is filled with a plurality of zeolites.
[0017] Furthermore, in the self-repairing module, the material of the repair agent is a mixture of resin, water reducer and curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of resin: water reducer: curing agent is 8-15: 1-2: 1-2.
[0018] Furthermore, in the self-repairing module, in the step of mixing the microcapsules and concrete, the number of microcapsule shell layers of the microcapsules is several layers.
[0019] Furthermore, in the waterproof module, the coarse aggregate concrete mixed with the expansive aggregate is prepared by mixing coarse aggregate, cement and a defoaming agent, wherein the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5 to 40 mm.
[0020] Further, the waterproofing method based on the above-mentioned building foundation waterproofing system includes the following steps:
[0021] Step 1: Drainage layer construction: a plurality of interconnected drainage channels are arranged under and around the foundation, a mixture of fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, naphtha and coating base is coated on the inner surface of the drainage channel, silicate and cement are mixed evenly with zeolite, and the mixed concrete is poured outside the drainage channel to construct a drainage layer;
[0022] Step 2: constructing a waterproof layer; constructing a waterproof layer above the drainage layer using a waterproof membrane, and constructing a filling layer above the waterproof layer using a composite concrete uniformly mixed with expanded aggregate and coarse aggregate concrete;
[0023] Step 3: Construction of the base layer: The repair unit is evenly mixed into the poured concrete, and then the integral casting technology is used to construct the basic base layer above the filling layer with the concrete mixed with the repair unit according to the design requirements.
[0024] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:
[0025] 1. The self-repairing module provided in the present invention can release the repair agent in time to fill the cracks when cracks occur in the base layer, thereby solving the problem of inconvenient maintenance of the underground infrastructure due to water seepage and further erosion by water; the shell of the microcapsule is made of polyvinyl alcohol, which has good durability and easy breakability, ensuring that the repair agent can be released in time and play a role when cracks occur; at the same time, the material ratio of the repair agent is reasonable, with good fluidity and curing performance, which can quickly fill the cracks and solidify, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the waterproof system.
[0026] 2. The waterproof module in the present invention uses a composite concrete mixed with expansive aggregate and coarse aggregate concrete to construct a filling layer. When the humidity in the soil environment increases, the expansive aggregate can expand and fill the pores in the concrete, thereby improving the compactness and waterproof performance of the waterproof layer and further enhancing the waterproof effect.
[0027] 3. The drainage module provided in the present invention can effectively drain the water around and below the basement through the drainage channel, avoiding the accumulation of water around the basement and reducing the risk of cracks in the basement structure due to water erosion. At the same time, the hydrophobic material coated on the inner surface of the drainage channel further enhances the drainage effect, ensuring that the water can be discharged smoothly without being retained in the drainage channel.
[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a building foundation waterproofing system in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the control process of the moisture in the soil penetrating into the building foundation structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 3 It is a step diagram of the building foundation waterproofing method in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] The figure numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1. base layer; 2. drainage layer; 3. waterproof layer; 4. filling layer; 5. drainage channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:
[0034] Example:
[0035] As attached Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown: a building foundation waterproofing system, mainly composed of a foundation construction module, a waterproofing module, a drainage module and a self-repairing module; wherein the foundation construction module is mainly used to construct a base layer 1; the waterproofing module is used to prevent moisture from eroding the base layer 1; the drainage module is used to initially drain the infiltrated water from the outer and inner layers of the building foundation structure; the self-repairing module is used to automatically repair and prevent seepage in the cracks and water seepage in the base layer 1.
[0036] The waterproofing method based on the above-mentioned building foundation waterproofing system includes the following steps:
[0037] Step 1, construction of drainage layer 2: a number of interconnected drainage channels 5 are set under and around the foundation, a mixture of fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, naphtha and coating base is coated on the inner surface of the drainage channel 5, silicate and cement are evenly mixed and filled with zeolite, and the mixed concrete is poured outside the drainage channel 5 to construct the drainage layer 2.
[0038] Step 2: constructing the waterproof layer 3; constructing the waterproof layer 3 above the drainage layer 2 using a waterproof membrane, and constructing a filling layer 4 above the waterproof layer 3 using a composite concrete uniformly mixed with expanded aggregate and coarse aggregate concrete.
[0039] Step three, construction of the base layer 1: the repair unit is evenly mixed inside the poured cement, and then the integral casting technology is used to construct the basic base layer 1 above the filling layer 4 with the cement mixed with the repair unit according to the design requirements.
[0040] The following is a detailed explanation of the functions of each module:
[0041] The foundation construction module comprises a base layer 1, and the base layer 1 is used to construct the foundation base layer 1 by adopting the integral casting technology.
[0042] The drainage module is arranged below and around the waterproof layer 3, and is used for draining the infiltrated water; the drainage module includes a drainage layer 2, and the drainage layer 2 is made of a mixture of silicate and concrete; the drainage layer 2 is filled with a plurality of zeolites; a plurality of drainage channels 5 are opened inside the drainage layer 2, and the drainage channels 5 are interconnected, and the drainage channels 5 are connected to the underground soil; the inner surfaces of the drainage channels 5 are coated with a hydrophobic material, and the hydrophobic material is made of a mixture of fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, naphtha and a coating base.
[0043] Specifically, first, appropriate space is excavated under and around the foundation, and then a drainage channel 5 is set; the shape and size of the drainage channel 5 are designed according to the actual soil moisture and groundwater position around the building; at the same time, it is ensured that the drainage channels 5 can be connected to each other and to the underground soil; then, a hydrophobic material is coated on the inner surface of the drainage channel 5, and silicate and concrete are mixed and poured outside the drainage channel 5 to form a drainage layer 2; finally, zeolite is filled in the drainage layer 2 to further improve the drainage effect. Zeolite can absorb moisture on rainy days or when the soil humidity is high, and release moisture when the soil humidity is low and the temperature is high. It can keep the humidity of the concrete within a suitable range at any time, avoid concrete cracking due to excessive moisture leakage or excessive drying, and further increase the reliability and durability of the waterproof system.
[0044] At the same time, when the groundwater level rises or the moisture content in the soil is high, a portion of the moisture that initially penetrates into the drainage layer 2 can pass through the drainage channel 5 and return to the soil due to gravity. At the same time, since the inner surface of the drainage channel 5 is coated with a hydrophobic material, this hydrophobic material is made of a mixture of fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, naphtha and a coating base, and has good hydrophobic properties, it can ensure that the moisture will not be retained when it contacts the inner surface of the channel and can be discharged smoothly, avoiding continued penetration caused by the accumulation of moisture in the pipeline.
[0045] The waterproof module includes a waterproof layer 3, which is arranged below and around the foundation layer 1 to prevent moisture from eroding the foundation layer 1; the waterproof module also includes a filling layer 4, which is used to fill the composite concrete mixed with expansive aggregate and coarse aggregate concrete between the foundation layer 1 and the waterproof layer 3. When the humidity in the soil environment increases, the expansive aggregate expands and fills the pores in the concrete; the expansive aggregate of the filling layer 4 is made of a mixture of silicon oxide and naphthalene-based water reducer; the coarse aggregate concrete mixed with the expansive aggregate is made of a mixture of coarse aggregate, cement and defoaming agent, wherein the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5 to 40 mm; in this embodiment, the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 20 mm.
[0046] Specifically, when a part of the infiltrated water continues to infiltrate the waterproof layer 3 from the drainage layer 2, the waterproof layer 3 can again prevent a part of the infiltrated water from entering the base layer 1 and causing erosion to the base layer 1; when a part of the infiltrated water continues to infiltrate the base layer 1 from the waterproof layer 3, since the filling layer 4 is used to fill the composite concrete mixed with the expansive aggregate and the coarse aggregate concrete between the base layer 1 and the waterproof layer 3, at this time, since the material of the expansive aggregate is a mixture of silicon oxide and a naphthalene-based water reducer, at this time, the silicon oxide reacts with water under the action of the alkaline environment provided by the naphthalene-based water reducer, and the volume of the silicon oxide will expand. At the same time, during the construction of the filling layer 4, the coarse aggregate concrete mixed with the expansive aggregate is a mixture of coarse aggregate, cement and defoaming agent, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 20 mm. Under the action of the defoaming agent, the coarse aggregate can form larger pores inside the cement, which can ensure the strength of the cement while forming pores; when the silicon oxide expands, it can fill the pores in the coarse aggregate concrete, achieve further waterproof function, and further enhance the waterproof effect of the waterproof system.
[0047] The self-repairing module includes a plurality of repairing units, wherein the repairing units are used to be mixed with concrete to obtain composite concrete, and the composite concrete is used to construct a foundation layer 1; when cracks are generated in the foundation layer 1, and moisture enters the cracks and contacts the repairing units, the repairing units release a repairing agent to fill the cracks; the repairing units include microcapsules, and the microcapsules include microcapsule shells, and the microcapsules are used to coat the repairing agent; the microcapsule shells are made of polyvinyl alcohol; the material of the repairing agent is a mixture of resin, a water reducer and a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of resin: water reducer: curing agent is 10:1:1; wherein, in the step of mixing the microcapsules and concrete, the number of microcapsule shell layers of the microcapsules is several layers.
[0048] Specifically, when a portion of the infiltrated water enters the base layer 1 from the filling layer 4, if cracks are generated in the base layer 1 or the infiltrated water penetrates into it, at this time, since there are a number of microcapsules in the concrete in the base layer 1, these microcapsules are evenly distributed in the concrete, and their shells are made of polyvinyl alcohol, which has good strength and toughness and can remain stable inside the concrete. At the same time, since polyvinyl alcohol has good water-soluble properties, when water enters the cracks and contacts the shells of the microcapsules, the shells of the microcapsules will rupture due to the penetration of water, releasing the internal repair agent, which is made of resin, water reducer and curing agent mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:1. The synergistic effect of the water reducer and the curing agent can make the resin have fluidity and curing properties. When the repair agent is released, the resin will fill the cracks and quickly solidify under the action of the curing agent to form a new waterproof layer 3, thereby effectively preventing further penetration of water.
[0049] In addition, since the microcapsule shell has several layers, the influence of moisture in concrete curing on the water solubility of the microcapsule can be avoided by increasing the number of microcapsule shell layers. At the same time, the design of the multi-layer microcapsule shell can also prevent the influence of moisture on the water solubility of the microcapsule during concrete pouring.
[0050] The building foundation waterproofing system of the present invention combines the control process of water penetration in the building foundation structure in the soil, and realizes comprehensive barrier and intelligent repair of underground water through a multi-layer waterproofing mechanism, which greatly improves the waterproofing performance and service life of the building foundation; through the set self-repairing module, when cracks occur in the base layer 1, the repair agent can be released in time to fill the cracks, which solves the problem that the foundation structure located underground is inconvenient to repair due to water seepage and further erosion by water; the microcapsule shell is made of polyvinyl alcohol, which has good durability and easy to break, ensuring that the repair agent can be released in time and play a role when cracks occur; at the same time, the material ratio of the repair agent is reasonable, it has good fluidity and curing performance, it can quickly fill the cracks and solidify, which improves the reliability and durability of the waterproofing system, and solves the problem that the foundation structure located underground is inconvenient to repair due to water seepage and further erosion by water.
[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims
1. A building foundation waterproofing system, characterized in that: include: A foundation construction module comprises a foundation layer (1), wherein the foundation layer (1) is used to construct a foundation foundation layer (1) by using an integral casting technique; A waterproof module, comprising a waterproof layer (3), wherein the waterproof layer (3) is arranged below and around the base layer (1) to prevent moisture from corroding the base layer (1); A drainage module is arranged below and around the waterproof layer (3) and is used to drain the infiltrated water; The waterproof module also includes a filling layer (4), which is used to fill the composite concrete mixed with expansive aggregate and coarse aggregate concrete between the base layer (1) and the waterproof layer (3), and when the humidity in the soil environment increases, the expansive aggregate expands and fills the pores in the concrete; The self-repairing module comprises a plurality of repairing units, wherein the repairing units are used to be mixed with concrete to obtain composite concrete, and the composite concrete is used to construct a foundation (1); when cracks occur in the foundation (1), moisture enters the cracks and contacts the repairing units, the repairing units release a repairing agent to fill the cracks.
2. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the self-repairing module, the repair unit includes a microcapsule, the microcapsule includes a microcapsule shell, and the microcapsule is used to coat the repair agent; the microcapsule shell is made of polyvinyl alcohol.
3. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the waterproof module, the material of the expansion aggregate of the filling layer (4) is a mixture of silicon oxide and naphthalene-based water reducing agent.
4. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage module comprises a drainage layer (2), wherein the drainage layer (2) is made of a mixture of silicate and concrete; a plurality of drainage channels (5) are provided inside the drainage layer (2), wherein the drainage channels (5) are interconnected and the drainage channels (5) are connected to the soil underground; and the inner surfaces of the drainage channels (5) are coated with a hydrophobic material.
5. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the drainage module, the hydrophobic material coated on the inner surface of the drainage channel (5) is made by mixing fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, naphtha and a coating base.
6. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the drainage module, a plurality of zeolites are filled in the drainage layer (2).
7. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the self-repairing module, the material of the repair agent is a mixture of resin, water reducing agent and curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of resin: water reducing agent: curing agent is 8-15: 1-2: 1-2.
8. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the self-repairing module, in the step of mixing the microcapsules and concrete, the number of microcapsule shell layers of the microcapsules is several layers.
9. The building foundation waterproofing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the waterproof module, the coarse aggregate concrete mixed with the expansive aggregate is prepared by mixing coarse aggregate, cement and a defoaming agent, wherein the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5 to 40 mm.
10. A building foundation waterproofing method, based on the building foundation waterproofing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, constructing the drainage layer (2): a plurality of interconnected drainage channels (5) are arranged below and around the foundation, a mixture of fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, naphtha and a coating base is coated on the inner surface of the drainage channel (5), silicate and cement are mixed evenly with zeolite, and the mixed concrete is poured outside the drainage channel (5) to construct the drainage layer (2); Step 2: constructing a waterproof layer (3); constructing a waterproof layer (3) above the drainage layer (2) using a waterproof roll, and constructing a filling layer (4) above the waterproof layer (3) using a composite concrete uniformly mixed with expanded aggregate and coarse aggregate concrete; Step three, construction of the base layer (1): the repair unit is uniformly mixed inside the poured concrete, and then the integral casting technology is used to construct the basic base layer (1) above the filling layer (4) with the concrete mixed with the repair unit according to the design requirements.