High-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient and low-cost combined heat and power engine, and relates to the field of power generation and heat supply in high and cold zones. The problem that an existing vehicle in the alpine region is difficult to start due to the fact that the temperature of fuel oil and lubricating oil in an oil tank is low is solved. A starting generator is connected with a gas compressor through a connector, the gas compressor is connected with a combustion chamber, high-pressure gas enters the combustion chamber and is mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber to form high-energy gas, the high-energy gas acts on a turbine connected with the high-energy gas, and the high-energy gas is high-temperature and high-pressure gas with the total temperature ranging from 850 K to 1100 K; the starting generator, the connector, the gas compressor, the combustion chamber and the turbine are installed in the shell, and the heat exchanger is connected with the shell and located on the outer side of the turbine. High-temperature and high-pressure gas passing through the turbine exchanges heat with the heat exchanger, and work generated by the turbine is used for self-sustaining and reversely supplied to the generator through the connector to achieve power generation. The device is used for power generation and heat supply in cold regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power generation and heating, and in particular to a high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine for power generation and heating in high-cold areas. Background Art

[0002] Winter in the north is cold and lasts for a long time, with the lowest temperature exceeding -30℃. Affected by the climate and environment, the working conditions of various vehicle assemblies and parts deteriorate, and the technical performance declines, which is particularly manifested in: difficulty in starting the engine, increased wear of parts, increased fuel consumption, etc. Corresponding measures must be taken to improve the use level of vehicles in cold areas to a certain extent.

[0003] Vehicles are difficult to start in cold regions, especially when the temperature is below -30℃. Vehicles without cold start devices cannot start smoothly. The main reasons are as follows: due to the influence of lubricating oil viscosity, the resistance torque of crankshaft rotation increases, the engine starting speed decreases, the degree of gasoline engine fuel vaporization decreases, ignition is difficult, and the engine is difficult to start. When the engine is started in cold regions, it often requires relatively large starting power, while the output power of the battery is reduced, so the starting performance of the vehicle deteriorates.

[0004] According to statistics, 50% of the wear and tear of an engine occurs during the vehicle startup process during its service life, and 60%-70% of the wear and tear occurs during startup under low temperature conditions. This proportion is even higher in cold regions. The wear and tear of the vehicle's engine, chassis and other assemblies is also relatively serious.

[0005] In high-altitude cold regions, vehicles and other equipment have difficulty starting due to low fuel and lubricating oil temperatures in the tanks. The general solution is to preheat for a long time to achieve smooth starting. The airflow temperature at the outlet of an aircraft engine is high, but it is usually discharged into the atmosphere in vain, resulting in a waste of energy.

[0006] In summary, existing vehicles in high-altitude cold regions have the problem of difficulty in starting due to the low temperature of the fuel and lubricating oil in the fuel tank. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that vehicles in existing cold regions are difficult to start due to low fuel and lubricating oil temperatures in the fuel tank, and further to provide a high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] A high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine comprises a shell, a generator, a connector, a compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine and a heat exchanger. The generator is connected to the compressor through a connector. The airflow becomes a high-pressure gas with a pressure of 0.15-0.2MPa after passing through the compressor. The compressor is connected to the combustion chamber. The high-pressure gas enters the combustion chamber and is mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber to form a high-energy gas and performs work for the turbine connected thereto. The high-energy gas is a high-temperature and high-pressure gas with a total temperature between 850-1100K. The generator, the connector, the compressor, the combustion chamber and the turbine are installed in the shell, and the heat exchanger is connected to the shell and is located on the outside of the turbine. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas passing through the turbine exchanges heat with the heat exchanger, and the work generated by the turbine is used for self-sustaining and reversely supplied to the generator through the connector to realize power generation.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a plurality of connecting pipes, and the plurality of connecting pipes are installed on the outer shell.

[0011] Preferably, the connector is a flexible connector.

[0012] Preferably, the compressor, the combustion chamber and the turbine form a gas turbine engine. Further, the outer side of the turbine is connected to the heat exchanger via a flange.

[0013] Preferably, the blades of the turbine are straight blades.

[0014] Furthermore, the outlet airflow processing power of the gas turbine engine is 60 kW to 120 kW.

[0015] Furthermore, the power generation capacity of the generator is ≥ 6 kilowatts.

[0016] Furthermore, the total length of the casing, generator, connector, compressor, combustion chamber, turbine and heat exchanger is 800 mm and the total height is 400 mm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0018] 1. The combined heat and power engine of the present invention can be directly used to supply energy to equipment in high-cold areas. It transmits torque through the output shaft of the generator and transmits power to the compressor. The airflow becomes high-pressure gas in the compressor and is further efficiently pressurized by the gas turbine engine. Only a small part of the heat generated by the gas turbine engine is used for self-sustaining and heat exchange, and most of the energy is reacted to the generator through the flexible connector to generate electricity. In other words, the present invention uses only very small energy to start the gas turbine engine to do work, which is particularly suitable for powering equipment in cold areas in winter. It also provides a new idea for gas turbine combined heat and power.

[0019] 2. The heat and power cogeneration engine of the present invention is provided with a heat exchanger, which can effectively utilize the heat energy of the engine to exchange heat with the medium that needs to be preheated or heated in the cold region, for example, cold water in the cold region is exchanged into hot water for users, effectively avoiding the waste of heat energy.

[0020] 3. The invention can be started at low temperature because the fuel used is aviation kerosene which is not easy to solidify at low temperature.

[0021] 4. The overall volume of the present invention is small, the weight is light, and it is easy to carry and can also be used in handheld mode, which provides convenience for emergency repair of power supply equipment in cold regions.

[0022] 5. The present invention can work intermittently and continuously, and can start quickly. For example, it can generate electricity for a car in a cold region to help the car start, and can also start multiple cars continuously, saving more energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. casing, 2. generator, 3. connector, 4. compressor, 5. combustion chamber, 6. turbine, 7. heat exchanger, 8. connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1 to Figure 2 The present embodiment is described. The present embodiment includes a casing 1, which also includes a generator 2, a connector 3, a compressor 4, a combustion chamber 5, a turbine 6 and a heat exchanger 7. The generator 2 is connected to the compressor 4 through the connector 3. The airflow becomes a high-pressure gas with a pressure of 0.15-0.2MPa after passing through the compressor 4. The compressor 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 5. The high-pressure gas enters the combustion chamber 5 and is mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber 5 to form a high-energy gas and performs work on the turbine 6 connected thereto. The high-energy gas is a high-temperature and high-pressure gas with a total temperature between 850-1100K. The generator 2, the connector 3, the compressor 4, the combustion chamber 5 and the turbine 6 are installed in the casing 1. The heat exchanger 7 is connected to the casing 1 and is located on the outside of the turbine 6. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas passing through the turbine 6 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 7. The work generated by the turbine 6 is used for self-sustaining and is reversely supplied to the generator 2 through the connector 3 to achieve power generation.

[0027] The invention discloses a high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine, which is applied to energy supply for equipment in high-cold areas. Its high efficiency is mainly reflected in that the invention can start quickly. After starting, combined heat and power can be realized as long as the turbine 6 works, that is, it can realize both power generation and heat exchange. The low cost of the invention is mainly reflected in that the starting engine of the invention does not require thrust, so the pressure ratio of the compressor does not need to be too high. At the same time, in order to reduce costs, the compressor is designed to be a compressor with a low number of blades and low consistency. This makes the cost of the entire combined heat and power engine low.

[0028] During the use of the present invention, the airflow passes through the compressor and becomes high-pressure gas, which is mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas and works for the turbine. The high-energy gas after the turbine exchanges heat with the heat exchanger. A small part of the work generated by the turbine is used for self-sustaining, and most of it is supplied to the motor through a flexible connector. The combined heat and power engine of the present invention can be directly used to supply energy for equipment in high-cold areas, providing a new idea for combined heat and power of gas turbines.

[0029] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1 To explain this embodiment, this embodiment further includes a plurality of connecting pipes 8 , and the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of connecting pipes 8 .

[0030] In this embodiment, the connecting pipe 8 is installed on the middle side end surface of the housing 1 and is arranged in an axisymmetric manner. It can also be installed on the outer circumference of the housing 1.

[0031] Such arrangement facilitates the provision of sufficient fuel to the combustion chamber 5, thereby achieving sufficient combustion of the high-pressure gas and the fuel, and generating a large amount of high-energy gas. The other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific embodiments 1 to 2.

[0032] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment will be described. The connector 3 of this embodiment is a flexible connector.

[0033] The flexible connector used in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0034] 1. The flexible coupling has a large elastic deformation capacity and can absorb the relative displacement and vibration between the shaft systems during the operation of the engine. This flexibility enables the engine to maintain a stable transmission efficiency under various operating conditions and avoid vibration and impact damage caused by rigid connection between shaft systems.

[0035] 2. Due to the existence of the flexible coupling, the vibration and noise generated when the engine is running can be significantly reduced. This is because the flexible coupling can absorb part of the vibration energy and reduce the vibration amplitude transmitted to other parts of the engine, thereby reducing the overall noise level.

[0036] 3. If the transmission system is abnormal due to overload or other reasons, the flexible coupling can absorb these abnormal stresses through elastic deformation to protect the engine from damage. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first or second specific implementation.

[0037] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment is described. The compressor 4, the combustion chamber 5 and the turbine 6 of this embodiment form a gas turbine engine. With such an arrangement, after the combustion engine is started, the turbine transmits the work generated to the generator through the flexible connector, and the heat of the exhaust gas is absorbed by the heat exchanger. The thermal efficiency of the gas turbine is high, which can reach 40%-50%. The gas turbine has a strong ability to start and stop quickly, and can respond quickly to changes in power demand. The other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific embodiments one to three.

[0038] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figure 1 The present embodiment will be described. The outer side of the turbine 6 in the present embodiment is connected to the heat exchanger 7 via a flange.

[0039] Such arrangement is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and it is easy to replace different types of heat exchangers. Other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific implementation modes 1 to 4.

[0040] In actual use, the heat exchanger 7 in this embodiment is preferably a gas-liquid heat exchanger, and the gas in the turbine 6 is directly discharged after heat exchange through the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 7 can be a plate heat exchanger or a tube heat exchanger, and the medium is water.

[0041] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figure 1 The present embodiment will be described. The turbine 6 of the present embodiment uses straight blades as its blades.

[0042] In this configuration, since the engine does not require thrust, the pressure ratio of the compressor does not need to be too high, and in order to simplify the process and reduce costs, the turbine blades are designed to be straight blades. Other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific embodiments 1 to 5.

[0043] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, the outlet airflow processing power of the gas turbine engine of this embodiment is 60 kW to 120 kW.

[0044] This arrangement facilitates the vehicle startup and heating to be completed within 30 minutes. Other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific implementation modes 1 to 6.

[0045] The gas turbine engine of the present invention can be stably started at -35 degrees Celsius or above, and can output the specified power within 5 minutes of starting. Below -35 degrees Celsius, the device can be successfully started automatically after preheating.

[0046] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figure 1 To explain the present embodiment, the power generation capacity of the generator 2 in the present embodiment is ≥ 6 kW.

[0047] With such configuration, the rated working voltage meets the requirements of the power supply system of the equipment. The other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific implementation modes 1 to 7.

[0048] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, the total length of the housing 1, the generator 2, the connector 3, the compressor 4, the combustion chamber 5, the turbine 6 and the heat exchanger 7 is 800 mm, and the total height is 400 mm.

[0049] With such arrangement, the overall structure is more compact and small, suitable for portability and mobility. Other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific implementation modes 1 to 8.

[0050] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 2 The working principle of the present invention is described:

[0051] During startup, the shaft is driven to rotate by the output torque of the left generator.

[0052] Under normal working conditions, the airflow passes through the compressor and becomes high-pressure gas, which is mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas and works for the turbine. The high-energy gas after the turbine exchanges heat with the heat exchanger. A small part of the work generated by the turbine is used for self-sustaining, and most of it is supplied to the motor through the flexible connector. The whole machine realizes cogeneration of heat and power in the above way.

[0053] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: It also includes a generator (2), a connector (3), a compressor (4), a combustion chamber (5), a turbine (6) and a heat exchanger (7). The generator (2) is connected to the compressor (4) through a connector (3). After the airflow passes through the compressor (4), it becomes a high-pressure gas with a pressure of 0.15-0.2 MPa. The compressor (4) is connected to the combustion chamber (5). The high-pressure gas enters the combustion chamber (5) and is mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber (5) to form a high-energy gas and performs work on the turbine (6) connected thereto. The high-energy gas is a high-temperature and high-pressure gas with a total temperature between 850-1100 K. The generator (2), the connector (3), the compressor (4), the combustion chamber (5) and the turbine (6) are installed in the casing (1). The heat exchanger (7) is connected to the casing (1) and is located outside the turbine (6). The high-temperature and high-pressure gas passing through the turbine (6) exchanges heat with the heat exchanger (7), and the work generated by the turbine (6) is used for self-sustaining and reversely supplied to the generator (2) through the connector (3) to achieve power generation.

2. The high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of connecting pipes (8), and the housing (1) is provided with the plurality of connecting pipes (8).

3. A high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flexible connector of the connector (3).

4. The high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compressor (4), the combustion chamber (5) and the turbine (6) constitute a gas turbine engine.

5. The high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the turbine (6) is connected to the heat exchanger (7) via a flange.

6. The high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blades of the turbine (6) are straight blades.

7. The high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outlet airflow processing power of the gas turbine engine is 60 kW - 120 kW.

8. The high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation capacity of the generator (2) is ≥ 6 kilowatts.

9. The high-efficiency and low-cost combined heat and power engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total length of the casing (1), the generator (2), the connector (3), the compressor (4), the combustion chamber (5), the turbine (6) and the heat exchanger (7) is 800 mm, and the total height is 400 mm.

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