Multi-nozzle type water spraying desuperheater of power station boiler and using method of multi-nozzle type water spraying desuperheater

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-nozzle type water spraying desuperheater of a power station boiler and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of desuperheaters. According to the multi-nozzle type water spraying desuperheater for the power station boiler, through the design of the multiple sets of spraying devices and the nozzles staggered in the radial direction, uniform and sufficient spraying of desuperheating water in the high-temperature steam pipeline is achieved, and therefore the atomization effect and the desuperheating efficiency of the desuperheating water are effectively improved. Specifically, the multiple sets of spraying devices are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the desuperheater spraying pipe, the nozzles of each set of spraying devices are distributed in the radial direction of the desuperheater spraying pipe in a staggered mode, it can be guaranteed that the desuperheating water is evenly sprayed into the high-temperature steam pipeline, local accumulation of the desuperheating water in the pipeline is avoided, and therefore the desuperheating efficiency is improved; and the nozzles are distributed in the radial direction of the desuperheater spray pipe in a staggered mode, the phenomenon that desuperheating water sprayed out of the multiple nozzles is scoured by each other within a certain length range can be avoided, and therefore the atomization effect in the whole barrel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of desuperheaters, and in particular to a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater. Background Art

[0002] As a vital pressure-bearing component in the boiler system, the water spray desuperheater plays a key role in regulating and controlling the boiler steam temperature, ensuring that the various parameters of the steam can accurately meet the strict requirements of the production process or power generation process. This steam temperature control process is essentially achieved by introducing a part of the feed water in the boiler system, namely the desuperheating water, into the steam flow in a certain way. In this process, the efficient heat exchange principle between water and steam is fully utilized to effectively reduce the steam temperature.

[0003] In the complex operation system of today's power plant boilers, the temperature regulation of superheaters and reheaters is undoubtedly a core link, and water spray temperature regulation technology occupies a pivotal position in this link. This technology carefully plans and arranges water spray desuperheaters on the high-temperature steam pipes connected to the superheaters and reheaters of the boilers, and sprays high-pressure treated and relatively low-temperature desuperheating water into these high-temperature steam systems. This temperature regulation method has won extremely wide application and recognition in the power industry due to its high efficiency and flexibility.

[0004] However, despite the pivotal role played by water spray desuperheaters in the operation of power plant boilers, the currently widely used flute-shaped tube design has some limitations. Specifically, this design is to open a series of small holes on a nozzle, aiming to atomize the high-pressure feed water through these small holes and evenly spray it into the high-temperature steam system. Although this design can theoretically achieve a good atomization effect, thereby improving the efficiency of heat exchange, the outer diameter and length of the nozzle itself are strictly limited by physical conditions, resulting in the number and size of the small holes opened on it. Therefore, in actual operation, the atomization effect of high-pressure desuperheating water is often unsatisfactory, resulting in a large number of small water droplets. Once these small water droplets come into contact with the high-temperature pipe wall of the pipeline, due to the rapid change of hot and cold, severe alternating stress will be caused, causing potential damage to the steam pipeline that cannot be ignored.

[0005] Therefore, how to effectively improve the atomization effect of cooling water and increase the cooling efficiency has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by current technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler and a method of use, aiming to solve the limitations of the flute-shaped tube design in the prior art, such as poor desuperheating water atomization effect and low desuperheating efficiency.

[0007] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler comprises a desuperheater nozzle arranged in a cylinder, the desuperheater nozzle is fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of spray devices, the spray devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the desuperheater nozzle, each group of spray devices comprises a plurality of nozzles staggeredly distributed along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle, and each nozzle is provided with a plurality of small holes.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the position where the small hole is opened covers the central axis position of the cylinder.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the direction in which the small holes are opened is consistent with the flow direction of the steam in the high-temperature steam pipeline to be cooled.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that each group of injection devices comprises three nozzles distributed in a radially staggered manner along the desuperheater nozzle, namely a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a third nozzle; wherein the angle between the first nozzle and the horizontal plane is 45°, the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane is 90°, and the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is 135°.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that each group of injection devices comprises four nozzles distributed in a radially staggered manner along the desuperheater nozzle, namely a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a third nozzle and a fourth nozzle; wherein the angle between the first nozzle and the horizontal plane is 36°, the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane is 72°, the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is 108°, and the angle between the fourth nozzle and the horizontal plane is 144°.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the desuperheater nozzle is connected to the cylinder through a fixing device, and the fixing device is a block structure.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that it also includes a cooling water supply pipe passing through the upper wall of the cylinder, and the cooling water supply pipe is connected to the cooling device nozzle.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the position where the cooling water supply pipe passes through the upper wall of the cylinder is fixed by welding.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the injection device is fixedly connected to the desuperheater nozzle by welding.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for using a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler, using the multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler, comprising the following steps: The high-temperature steam pipe to be cooled is fixedly connected to the cylinder, cooling water is introduced into the cooler nozzle, and the cooling water is sprayed through the small holes on the nozzle to cool the steam in the high-temperature steam pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the positive and progressive effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler, which realizes uniform and sufficient spraying of desuperheating water in a high-temperature steam pipeline through a design of multiple groups of spray devices and radially staggered nozzles, thereby effectively improving the atomization effect and desuperheating efficiency of the desuperheating water. Specifically, a plurality of groups of injection devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the desuperheater nozzle, and the nozzles of each group of injection devices are staggered along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle, which can ensure that the cooling water is uniformly sprayed into the high-temperature steam pipeline, avoid local accumulation of cooling water in the pipeline, thereby improving the cooling efficiency, and the nozzles are staggered along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle, which can avoid the cooling water sprayed by multiple nozzles from being washed against each other within a certain length range, thereby improving the atomization effect in the entire cylinder; at the same time, compared with the traditional flute tube design, the nozzle structure of the present invention can accommodate more small holes, and the presence of more small holes allows the device to reduce the aperture without reducing the injection amount. The small-aperture nozzle design can effectively prevent the large water from being more finely dispersed into tiny particles, thereby forming more water droplets, so that the cooling water presents a better atomization effect, which not only increases the contact area between the cooling water and the high-temperature steam and improves the heat exchange efficiency, but also avoids the potential damage to the pipeline material caused by the alternating stress caused by the temperature difference.

[0018] Furthermore, the position design of the small holes can ensure that the cooling water directly acts on the central area of ​​the high-temperature steam, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of cooling, reducing the temperature gradient on the inner wall of the steam pipe, and extending the service life of the pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the direction of opening the small holes is consistent with the steam flow direction in the high-temperature steam pipe to be cooled, which can reduce the resistance between the cooling water and the steam, thereby reducing energy loss and improving the cooling efficiency; at the same time, it helps to reduce the impact of the cooling water on the inner wall of the steam pipe and extend the service life of the pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, by designing nozzles at different angles, the cooling water can be sprayed into the steam pipe in different directions, achieving a wider cooling coverage, helping to reduce temperature unevenness in the steam pipe, and further improving the atomization effect of the cooling water, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0021] Furthermore, the four nozzle design further refines the distribution of the cooling water, improving the cooling effect and the uniformity of the steam flow.

[0022] Furthermore, compared with the traditional water spray desuperheater design, it often uses an inner sleeve structure connected to the cylinder, which essentially adds a layer of lining to the cylinder. However, this design has a significant defect: the inner sleeve is subjected to alternating stress for a long time and is very easy to be damaged, so it needs to be frequently inspected and replaced in time. In contrast, the desuperheater nozzle of this device is firmly connected to the cylinder through a block structure, which not only ensures the stability of the desuperheater nozzle in the cylinder, but also is easy to install and maintain, and has reliability.

[0023] Furthermore, the cooling water supply pipe provides a stable cooling water source for the desuperheater, ensuring the continuity and stability of the cooling process; the cooling water supply pipe is fixed by welding at the position where it passes through the upper wall of the cylinder, ensuring a firm connection between the cooling water supply pipe and the cylinder, preventing leakage caused by vibration or high temperature, and ensuring the normal operation of the desuperheater.

[0024] Furthermore, the injection device is fixedly connected to the desuperheater nozzle by welding, which ensures a stable position of the nozzle on the desuperheater nozzle and helps to improve the reliability and stability of the desuperheater.

[0025] The use method provided by the present invention is simple and easy to operate. By introducing cooling water into the desuperheater nozzle and spraying it into the steam pipe through the small hole of the nozzle, uniform atomization and efficient cooling of high-temperature steam are achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings in the specification are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a front view of a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a left side view of a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to the present invention; Among them, 1 is a cylinder, 2 is a cooling water supply pipe, 3 is a cooler nozzle, 4 is a nozzle, 4-1 is a small hole, and 5 is a fixing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In addition, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler comprises a desuperheater nozzle 3 arranged in a cylinder 1, the desuperheater nozzle 3 is fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of spray devices, the spray devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the desuperheater nozzle 3, each group of spray devices comprises a plurality of nozzles 4 distributed in a radially staggered manner along the desuperheater nozzle 3, and each nozzle 4 is provided with a plurality of small holes 4-1.

[0035] Through the design of multiple sets of injection devices and radially staggered nozzles, uniform and sufficient spraying of cooling water in the high-temperature steam pipe is achieved, thereby effectively improving the atomization effect and cooling efficiency of the cooling water.

[0036] Specifically, several groups of injection devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the desuperheater nozzle, and the nozzles of each group of injection devices are staggered along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle, which can ensure that the cooling water is evenly sprayed into the high-temperature steam pipe, avoiding local accumulation of cooling water in the pipe, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. This is because the cooling water is evenly distributed, and the steam in the high-temperature steam pipe can be more comprehensively exposed to the cooling water, thereby achieving a more uniform cooling effect.

[0037] Furthermore, the nozzles are staggered along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle pipe, which can avoid the mutual scouring of the cooling water sprayed by multiple nozzles within a certain length range, thereby improving the atomization effect in the entire cylinder; at the same time, compared with the traditional flute-shaped tube design, the nozzle structure of the present invention can accommodate more small holes. The presence of more small holes allows the device to reduce the aperture without reducing the injection volume. The small-aperture nozzle design can effectively prevent the large particles from being more finely dispersed into tiny particles, thereby forming more water droplets, so that the cooling water presents a better atomization effect, which not only increases the contact area between the cooling water and the high-temperature steam and improves the heat exchange efficiency, but also avoids the potential damage to the pipeline material caused by the alternating stress caused by the temperature difference.

[0038] Specifically, the position of the small hole 4-1 covers the central axis position of the cylinder 1; the position design of the small hole can ensure that the cooling water directly acts on the central area of ​​the high-temperature steam, improve the uniformity and efficiency of cooling, and reduce the temperature gradient of the inner wall of the steam pipe, thereby extending the service life of the pipe.

[0039] Specifically, the direction of opening the small hole 4-1 is consistent with the steam flow direction in the high-temperature steam pipe to be cooled; the direction of opening the small hole is consistent with the steam flow direction in the high-temperature steam pipe to be cooled, which can reduce the resistance between the cooling water and the steam, thereby reducing energy loss and improving the cooling efficiency; at the same time, it helps to reduce the impact of the cooling water on the inner wall of the steam pipe and extend the service life of the pipe.

[0040] For details, see Figure 3 Each group of injection devices includes three nozzles 4 distributed in a radially staggered manner along the desuperheater nozzle 3, namely the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the third nozzle; wherein the angle between the first nozzle and the horizontal plane is 45°, the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane is 90°, and the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is 135°.

[0041] By designing nozzles at different angles, the cooling water can be sprayed into the steam pipe in different directions, achieving a wider cooling coverage, helping to reduce the temperature unevenness in the steam pipe, and further improving the atomization effect of the cooling water, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0042] Specifically, each group of injection devices includes four nozzles 4 distributed in a radially staggered manner along the desuperheater nozzle 3, namely the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the third nozzle and the fourth nozzle; wherein, the angle between the first nozzle and the horizontal plane is 36°, the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane is 72°, the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is 108°, and the angle between the fourth nozzle and the horizontal plane is 144°; the design of the four nozzles further refines the distribution of the desuperheating water, improves the desuperheating effect and the uniformity of the steam flow.

[0043] Specifically, the desuperheater nozzle 3 is connected to the cylinder 1 via a fixing device 5, and the fixing device 5 is a block structure.

[0044] Compared with the traditional water spray desuperheater design, it often uses an inner sleeve structure connected to the cylinder, which actually adds a layer of lining to the cylinder. However, this design has a significant defect: the inner sleeve is subjected to alternating stress for a long time and is very easy to be damaged, so it needs to be frequently inspected and replaced in time. In contrast, the desuperheater nozzle of this device is firmly connected to the cylinder through a block structure, which not only ensures the stability of the desuperheater nozzle in the cylinder, but also is easy to install and maintain, and has reliability.

[0045] Specifically, it also includes a cooling water supply pipe 2 passing through the upper wall of the cylinder 1, and the cooling water supply pipe 2 is connected to the cooler nozzle 3.

[0046] Specifically, the position where the cooling water supply pipe 2 passes through the upper wall of the cylinder 1 is fixed by welding.

[0047] The cooling water supply pipe provides a stable cooling water source for the desuperheater, ensuring the continuity and stability of the cooling process; the cooling water supply pipe is fixed by welding at the position where it passes through the upper wall of the cylinder, ensuring a firm connection between the cooling water supply pipe and the cylinder, preventing leakage caused by vibration or high temperature, and ensuring the normal operation of the desuperheater.

[0048] Specifically, the injection device is fixedly connected to the desuperheater nozzle 3 by welding; the injection device is fixedly connected to the desuperheater nozzle by welding, which ensures the stable position of the nozzle on the desuperheater nozzle, and helps to improve the reliability and stability of the desuperheater.

[0049] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for using a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler, using the above-mentioned multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler, comprising the following steps: The high-temperature steam pipeline to be cooled is fixedly connected to the cylinder 1, cooling water is introduced into the cooler nozzle 3, and the cooling water is sprayed through the small hole 4-1 opened on the nozzle 4 to cool the steam in the high-temperature steam pipeline.

[0050] The use method provided by the present invention is simple and easy to operate. By introducing cooling water into the desuperheater nozzle and spraying it into the steam pipe through the small hole of the nozzle, uniform atomization and efficient cooling of high-temperature steam are achieved.

[0051] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler includes a cylinder 1, a desuperheating water supply pipe 2, a desuperheater nozzle 3 and a fixing device 5. The desuperheater nozzle 3 is built into the cylinder 1 and connected to the cylinder 1 through the fixing device 5 of a block structure. The cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a high-temperature steam pipeline to be desuperheated. A hole is provided on the upper wall of the cylinder 1. The desuperheating water supply pipe 2 passes through the hole to connect the desuperheater nozzle 3. The position where the desuperheating water supply pipe 2 passes through the hole is fixed by welding. The desuperheater nozzle 3 is fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of spray devices by welding. The injection devices are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the desuperheater nozzle 3, and each group of injection devices includes three nozzles 4 distributed in a radially staggered manner along the desuperheater nozzle 3, namely the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the third nozzle; wherein, the angle between the first nozzle and the horizontal plane is 45°, the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane is 90°, and the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is 135°, and each nozzle 4 is provided with a plurality of small holes 4-1; the positions of the small holes 4-1 cover the central axis positions of the cylinder 1, and the directions of the small holes 4-1 are consistent with the steam flow direction in the high-temperature steam pipe to be desuperheated.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above-listed embodiments exist only as one or more specific forms of expression of the technical solution of the present invention. Their purpose is to clearly explain the concept, principle and application of the present invention through specific examples, and it is by no means intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention to these specific embodiments. In fact, the real value of the present invention lies in the technical ideas and innovations it proposes, rather than its form of expression or means of implementation.

[0053] For ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field, after in-depth reading and understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, they are fully capable of making various forms of changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention based on their own professional knowledge and skills. These changes may include but are not limited to: adjusting the value range of technical parameters, optimizing algorithm processes to improve efficiency, replacing some technical components to achieve better compatibility or reduce costs, etc. As long as these changed technical solutions still substantially maintain the technical features claimed for protection by the original invention, that is, they can still achieve the core functions and effects of the present invention, then these changes should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

[0054] In addition, with the continuous progress and development of technology, new technical means and methods continue to emerge, which also provides broad space for further improvement and perfection of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should also include those reasonably foreseeable improvements and extensions based on the existing technology. As long as these improvements and extensions do not deviate from the basic principles and core concepts of the present invention, they should be regarded as equivalents of the present invention and are also protected by patent rights.

Claims

1. A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler, characterized in that: The invention comprises a desuperheater nozzle (3) arranged in a cylinder (1), the desuperheater nozzle (3) being fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of injection devices, the injection devices being arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the desuperheater nozzle (3), each group of injection devices comprising a plurality of nozzles (4) distributed in a staggered manner along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle (3), each nozzle (4) being provided with a plurality of small holes (4-1).

2. A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position where the small hole (4-1) is opened covers the central axis position of the cylinder (1).

3. A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction in which the small hole (4-1) is opened is consistent with the flow direction of steam in the high-temperature steam pipeline to be cooled.

4. A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of injection devices comprises three nozzles (4) which are staggeredly distributed along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle (3), namely a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a third nozzle; wherein the angle between the first nozzle and the horizontal plane is 45°, the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane is 90°, and the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is 135°.

5. The multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of injection devices comprises four nozzles (4) which are staggeredly distributed along the radial direction of the desuperheater nozzle (3), namely a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a third nozzle and a fourth nozzle; wherein the angle between the first nozzle and the horizontal plane is 36°, the angle between the second nozzle and the horizontal plane is 72°, the angle between the third nozzle and the horizontal plane is 108°, and the angle between the fourth nozzle and the horizontal plane is 144°.

6. A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desuperheater nozzle (3) is connected to the cylinder (1) via a fixing device (5), wherein the fixing device (5) is a block-shaped structure.

7. The multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling water supply pipe (2) passing through the upper wall of the cylinder (1), and the cooling water supply pipe (2) is connected to the cooling device nozzle (3).

8. A multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: The position where the cooling water supply pipe (2) passes through the upper wall of the cylinder (1) is fixed by welding.

9. The multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection device is fixedly connected to the desuperheater nozzle (3) by welding.

10. A method for using a multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater for a power station boiler, characterized in that: The utility boiler multi-nozzle water spray desuperheater according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising the following steps: The high-temperature steam pipeline to be desuperheated is fixedly connected to the cylinder (1), desuperheating water is introduced into the desuperheater nozzle (3), and the desuperheating water is sprayed through the small hole (4-1) provided on the nozzle (4), thereby desuperheating the steam in the high-temperature steam pipeline.

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