Domestic garbage flue gas secondary combustion chamber device and process capable of efficiently combusting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment, in particular to an efficient-combustion household garbage flue gas secondary combustion chamber device and process, the efficient-combustion household garbage flue gas secondary combustion chamber device comprises a gas inlet chamber, a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a flue gas preheating mechanism and a secondary combustion mechanism, one end of the gas inlet chamber is connected with the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the gas inlet chamber is provided with a combustion chamber for flue gas combustion; a flue gas preheating mechanism is arranged in the gas inlet chamber and is used for preheating combustion flue gas; a secondary combustion mechanism is arranged in the combustion chamber and used for secondary combustion of smoke. The secondary combustion mechanism comprises a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a heat storage assembly, the first chamber is a flue gas mixing chamber, the second chamber is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber is a second combustion chamber. The problem of continuous combustion caused by unstable gas phase of pyrolysis flue gas can be effectively solved, multiple times of heating of the pyrolysis flue gas are achieved through the optimized design of the heating assembly, and the secondary combustion efficiency and stability are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal equipment, and in particular to a secondary combustion chamber device and process for efficiently burning domestic garbage smoke. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of domestic waste has increased dramatically. As an important way of waste treatment, waste incineration has significant advantages such as volume reduction, amount reduction and energy recovery, and has been widely used around the world. However, the flue gas generated during the waste incineration process has brought serious environmental pollution problems. The flue gas generated after waste incineration contains a large amount of harmful substances, such as acidic gases, dioxins and incompletely burned combustible gases. If these pollutants are directly discharged without effective treatment, they will cause great harm to the atmospheric environment, ecosystem and human health.

[0003] In order to reduce the emission of pollutants in flue gas, secondary combustion technology came into being. The traditional secondary combustion chamber is designed to further oxidize and decompose the combustible gas in the flue gas after the primary combustion to reduce the emission of harmful gases. However, in actual operation, there are still many problems. One of the key problems is the instability of the gas phase of flue gas. First, during the collection and treatment of domestic waste, due to different seasons, the moisture content of the garbage collected in the rainy season is higher. After the direct pyrolysis reaction, the temperature of the flue gas is lower than that in the dry season, and it is more difficult to ignite. Second, in the process of diverting from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, the flue gas will inevitably exchange heat with the surrounding environment, resulting in a significant decrease in its temperature. After the low-temperature flue gas enters the secondary combustion chamber, it will not only significantly increase the difficulty of ignition of the secondary combustion, but also seriously affect the combustion efficiency and combustion stability. When the flue gas temperature is lower than the ignition point of the combustible gas, a large amount of energy is required to provide the heat required for ignition. In addition, during the combustion process, due to the low temperature and slow combustion reaction rate, it is difficult to fully burn the combustible gas, which leads to an increase in the emission of incomplete combustion products, further aggravating environmental pollution. In addition, the structural design of traditional secondary combustion chambers is often relatively simple, lacking effective heating and preheating mechanisms. The flue gas entering the combustion chamber cannot be heated multiple times and efficiently, making it difficult to maintain the ideal high temperature state during the combustion process, which is also one of the important factors leading to low secondary combustion efficiency.

[0004] In view of the obvious shortcomings of traditional domestic waste flue gas secondary combustion technology in treating low-temperature flue gas and improving combustion efficiency, we have designed a secondary combustion chamber device that uses the heat released by the secondary combustion chamber itself and the waste heat for heating. It can effectively solve the problem of unstable flue gas phase and combustion difficulty caused by too low temperature during the high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification process of waste treatment. Through the optimized design of heating components, multiple heating of flue gas can be achieved, which significantly improves the efficiency and stability of secondary combustion, thereby minimizing the emission of pollutants in flue gas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a domestic waste flue gas secondary combustion chamber device and process with high-efficiency combustion, which can effectively solve the problem of continuous combustion caused by the unstable flue gas phase, and through the optimized heating component design, it can realize multiple heating of the flue gas, thereby significantly improving the secondary combustion efficiency and stability.

[0006] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: A secondary combustion chamber device for domestic waste flue gas with high efficiency combustion comprises an air intake chamber, a combustion chamber, a flue gas preheating mechanism and a secondary combustion mechanism, wherein one end of the air intake chamber is connected to a pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake chamber is provided with a combustion chamber for flue gas combustion; a flue gas preheating mechanism is provided inside the air intake chamber for preheating the combustion flue gas; a secondary combustion mechanism is provided inside the combustion chamber for secondary combustion of the flue gas; the secondary combustion mechanism comprises a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a heat storage component, the first chamber is a flue gas mixing chamber, the second chamber is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber is a second combustion chamber; a heat storage component is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber for reheating the flue gas.

[0007] Optionally, the flue gas preheating mechanism includes a smoke return duct, a heating chamber and a second air outlet, wherein the heating chamber is arranged inside the air inlet chamber, and one end of the heating chamber is connected to the first air outlet on the third chamber through the smoke return duct, and the other end of the heating chamber is connected to the purifier through the second air outlet.

[0008] Optionally, the heat storage component includes a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate, a high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick, heat storage balls and air holes. The high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick is arranged inside the combustion chamber through the high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate, and the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick is provided with a plurality of heat storage balls and air holes to heat the flue gas passing through.

[0009] Optionally, the combustion chamber is a cylindrical hollow cavity structure with openings at both ends, and a heat-resistant insulation cotton layer and a fire-resistant layer are provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the heat-resistant insulation cotton layer is located between the fire-resistant layer and the outer wall of the combustion chamber; a first combustion observation port, a second combustion observation port and an oxygen increase adjustment port are provided on the outside of the combustion chamber, and the first combustion observation port and the second combustion observation port are respectively provided corresponding to the third chamber and the second chamber, and the oxygen increase adjustment port is provided relative to the first chamber.

[0010] Optionally, an observation platform is provided on the upper part of the combustion chamber, and a smoke collection trough and a pressure relief mechanism are provided on the lower part of the combustion chamber for collecting and relieving dust after combustion; an observation ladder, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively provided corresponding to the third chamber and the second chamber for sensing the internal combustion temperature.

[0011] Optionally, an air intake pipe is provided inside the air intake chamber, and one end of the air intake pipe is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake pipe passes through the heating chamber and is connected to the inside of the first chamber.

[0012] Optionally, one end of the air inlet chamber is provided with a secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port, a secondary combustion chamber smoke return observation port, a smoke detection sampling port and a smoke temperature sensor for observing the smoke state during smoke return preheating.

[0013] Optionally, the second chamber and the third chamber, and the top of the third chamber are both provided with heat storage components to heat the flue gas multiple times.

[0014] A domestic waste pyrolysis treatment process comprises the following steps: S1. Automatically introduce the domestic waste into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and then place the waste flatly through a scraping mechanism; S2. First ignition: The heating equipment inside the pyrolysis gasifier is used to gradually heat the garbage to the temperature required for the pyrolysis reaction, so that the garbage undergoes pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environment to generate pyrolysis gas and liquid and solid residues; S3, the smoke generated in step S2 enters the secondary combustion mechanism through the air intake chamber, and after adding an appropriate amount of air, the first combustion and the second combustion are performed; S4. The flue gas after secondary combustion in the secondary combustion mechanism is re-introduced into the air intake chamber through the flue gas preheating mechanism to reheat the air intake pipe to achieve the purpose of preheating; S5. In step S4, the heated flue gas is introduced from the second gas outlet and then enters the purification equipment and the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the diversion pipeline, so that the garbage during pyrolysis gasification is heated again and the tail gas is purified.

[0015] In step S5, a digitally controlled valve is provided on the diversion pipeline, which is opened as needed to guide the flue gas into the purification equipment or the pyrolysis gasification furnace.

[0016] Optionally, in step S1, the pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a furnace body, a pyrolysis chamber, a sealing mechanism and a feeding mechanism, the furnace body is a rectangular hollow cavity structure with an upper opening, and the interior of the furnace body is connected to the pyrolysis chamber through a fixed bracket, and a feeding mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber for uniformly introducing garbage; the feeding mechanism includes a support plate, a feed hopper, a discharge pipe, a connecting hole and a feeding mechanism, the support plate is movably connected to the connecting rod on the furnace body through a movable connecting hole on the side, and the side of the support plate is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder on the furnace body to form an up and down propulsion structure.

[0017] Optionally, the feed hopper is a rectangular hollow structure with an opening at the top, and a feed pipe is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper, and the feed pipe is movably connected to the connecting hole of the support plate, a bearing is provided between the feed pipe and the connecting hole, a first sprocket is provided on the outer wall of the feed pipe, and the first sprocket is connected to the second sprocket on the output shaft of the first drive motor through a first chain to form a rotating structure; the first drive motor is arranged at the lower part of the support plate through a motor support.

[0018] Optionally, a feeding mechanism is provided at the lower part of the feeding tube, and the feeding mechanism includes a first feeding tube, a first material guide trough, a second material guide trough, a movable connecting rod and a pressure spring, one end of the first feeding tube is connected to the tail of the feeding tube, and the other end of the first feeding tube is provided with a first material guide trough, and the first material guide trough is movably provided with a second material guide trough; the second material guide trough is movably connected to the second slide bar on the first material guide trough through a second slide groove on the side, and a first fixed plate is provided on the side of the second material guide trough, and the first fixed plate is movably connected to the second fixed plate on the outer wall of the first feeding tube through a movable connecting rod, and a pressure spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable connecting rod to form an elastic structure; one end of the movable connecting rod is connected to the winding wheel on the fixed sleeve through a steel wire rope; the winding wheel is provided on the rotating shaft of the fixed sleeve, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second driving motor.

[0019] Optionally, a scraping mechanism is also sleeved on the outer wall of the first feeding pipe, and the scraping mechanism includes a fixer, a movable sleeve, a driving arm, a rack, a gear, a scraper plate and a third driving motor. The fixer is arranged on the first feeding pipe through a connecting hole, and a movable sleeve is arranged at one end of the fixer, and a driving arm is arranged inside the movable sleeve, and a scraper plate is arranged at one end of the driving arm for scraping the garbage; the driving arm is slidably connected with the third sliding groove inside the movable sleeve through third sliding bars on both sides, and a rack is arranged on the driving arm, and the rack is meshed with the gear on the movable sleeve, the gear is arranged on the second rotating shaft, and one end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the third driving motor through a coupling.

[0020] Optionally, a sealing mechanism is also included, which includes a propulsion platform, a receiving support frame, a second hydraulic cylinder and an external connecting rod. The propulsion platform is movably connected to a fourth slide bar on the inner wall of the external connecting rod through a fourth slide groove on the side, and the external connecting rod is arranged on one side of the furnace body. A receiving support frame is arranged at the upper part of the propulsion platform, and a second hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the receiving support frame. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to a sealing cover, and one end of the propulsion platform is connected to the third hydraulic cylinder on the external connecting rod to form a propulsion structure.

[0021] Optionally, a rectangular opening is provided on one side of the furnace body, and an opening and closing door is provided on the rectangular opening; a smoke outlet pipe is provided on one side of the furnace body, and the smoke outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet chamber, and a smoke return pipe is provided on the other side of the furnace body, and the smoke return pipe is connected to the diversion pipe.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention designs an air intake chamber and a combustion chamber, wherein the air intake chamber is used to introduce the flue gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification furnace into the combustion chamber, and a flue gas preheating mechanism is arranged inside the air intake chamber, which can re-introduce the flue gas generated by the combustion chamber into the heating chamber, preheat the flue gas on the air intake pipe, and then introduce it into the purification equipment, which can not only realize the recycling of waste heat, but also preheat the flue gas poured in later, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of subsequent flue gas combustion.

[0023] 2. The present invention designs an independent combustion chamber, in which a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber are arranged. The first chamber is used for mixing flue gas and air, and is ignited by a combustion-supporting material. The ignited flue gas enters the second chamber and the third chamber and burns again. Among them, the combustion of the second chamber and the third chamber requires a higher temperature. Therefore, we design a heat storage component, which stores heat in the heat storage ball in the early stage through a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate, and quickly heats the subsequent flue gas when it enters. In addition, the special arrangement of the heat storage material increases the residence time of the flue gas, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid and efficient combustion, and effectively improving the secondary combustion efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the secondary combustion mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is the right view of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a top view of the combustion chamber of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the heat storage component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the pyrolysis gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a partial front view of the pyrolysis gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the sealing mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the pyrolysis gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.12 It is the front view of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material transfer mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed hopper part of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the scraping mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are: 1-air intake chamber, 2-combustion chamber, 3-pressure relief mechanism, 4-oxygen increase adjustment port, 5-first combustion observation port, 6-secondary combustion mechanism, 601-first chamber, 602-second chamber, 603-second chamber, 604-smoke collection tank, 605-air intake pipe, 7-heat storage component, 701-high aluminum heat storage orifice plate, 702-heat storage ball, 703-high aluminum high aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick, 704-air permeability, 8-smoke preheating mechanism, 801-return smoke pipe, 802- Heating chamber, 803-second air outlet, 9-feeding mechanism, 901-first feeding pipe, 902-first guide trough, 903-second guide trough, 904-first fixed plate, 905-movable connecting rod, 906-second fixed plate, 907-pressure spring, 908-wire rope, 909-fixing sleeve, 910-winding wheel, 911-second drive motor, 10-second combustion observation port, 11-second combustion chamber smoke observation port, 12-second combustion chamber smoke return observation port, 13-smoke detection sampling port, 14-smoke air temperature sensor, 15-observation platform, 16-first temperature sensor, 17-second temperature sensor, 18-observation ladder, 19-furnace body, 20-feeding mechanism, 2001-support plate, 2002-feeding hopper, 2003-movable connecting hole, 2004-motor support, 2005-feeding pipe, 2006-first driving motor, 2007-first chain, 2008-first sprocket, 2005-feeding pipe, 2010-bearing, 2011-connecting hole, 21-sealing mechanism, 210 1-propulsion platform, 2102-fourth slide, 2103-support frame, 2104-second hydraulic cylinder, 2105-external connecting rod, 2106-sealing cover, 22-pyrolysis chamber, 23-fixed bracket, 24-smoke outlet pipe, 25-opening and closing door, 26-scraping mechanism, 2601-fixer, 2602-connecting hole, 2603-movable sleeve, 2604-third driving motor, 2605-gear, 2606-driving arm, 2607-third slide bar, 2608-rack, 27-smoke return pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby stated that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, etc. that appear or will appear in the text of the present invention are only based on the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and are not specific limitations of the present invention.

[0041] As attached Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, a domestic waste flue gas secondary combustion chamber device with high efficiency combustion includes an air inlet chamber 1, a combustion chamber 2, a flue gas preheating mechanism 8 and a secondary combustion mechanism 6, one end of the air inlet chamber 1 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air inlet chamber 1 is provided with a combustion chamber 2 for flue gas combustion; a flue gas preheating mechanism 8 is provided inside the air inlet chamber 1 for preheating the combustion flue gas; a secondary combustion mechanism 6 is provided inside the combustion chamber 2 for secondary combustion of the flue gas; the secondary combustion mechanism 6 includes a first chamber 601, a second chamber 603, a third chamber 602 and a heat storage component 7, the first chamber 601 is a flue gas mixing chamber, the second chamber 603 is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber 603 is a second combustion chamber; a heat storage component 7 is provided between the first chamber 601 and the second chamber 603 for reheating the flue gas.

[0042] It should be noted that in the process of incineration of domestic waste, secondary combustion has multiple extremely critical purposes. The first is the reduction of pollutant emissions. Due to the complex and diverse composition of domestic waste, the initial high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification is often difficult to completely convert the combustible substances therein, and a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, tar, total hydrocarbons, and various organic pollutants will be produced, such as volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and even highly toxic dioxins will be generated. Secondary combustion can completely oxidize carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and decompose organic pollutants by adding sufficient oxygen and raising the temperature, while avoiding the flue gas in the temperature range where dioxins are easily generated, thereby effectively reducing pollutant emissions. The traditional secondary combustion method generally directly ignites the flue gas to achieve re-combustion. However, this technology has great defects. First of all, the flue gas in During the diversion process, the temperature will drop over time, and it will be difficult to ignite it after entering the secondary combustion chamber. Secondly, due to the different components in the flue gas, the temperature required for combustion is also different, and incomplete combustion will still occur. Furthermore, the temperature of the flue gas entering the combustion chamber is relatively low, and it takes a long time to heat it and ignite it. It is necessary to add combustion-supporting materials to improve the combustion efficiency. Generally, gasoline, coal or electricity are used. The addition of combustion-supporting materials will increase operating costs and increase carbon emissions, which does not meet the industry's carbon emission requirements. Based on this, we have designed a garbage flue gas secondary combustion chamber, in which the introduced flue gas is preheated by a flue gas preheating mechanism 8, and before entering the combustion chamber 2, the ignition time can be reduced, and a heat storage component 7 is arranged inside the combustion chamber 2, which can continuously heat the internal flue gas, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0043] It should be further explained that three chambers, namely the first chamber 601, the second chamber 602 and the third chamber 603, are arranged inside the combustion chamber 2. The first chamber 601 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 2 and is used to introduce the flue gas and mix it with the air, and then ignite it for the first time through the combustion-supporting material. The flue gas will burn in the second chamber 602, which is the first step of combustion. The flue gas after combustion enters the third chamber 603 for further combustion, so that the flue gas is burned completely.

[0044] It should be particularly noted that in the process of incineration of domestic waste, the secondary combustion mechanism 6 adopted in this design is unique. In the initial combustion stage, the heat storage component 7 equipped inside it can continuously absorb and store heat, just like an efficient "heat storage tank". When entering the subsequent combustion stage, the heat storage component 7 will release the stored heat energy to accurately provide the required starting temperature for the next round of combustion, effectively making up for the problem of insufficient temperature caused by heat loss in the traditional combustion process; when the second combustion is carried out, the heat storage component 7 will cleverly perform secondary heating on the flue gas as it flows through the heat storage component 7 and enters the second chamber 602. This key step not only significantly increases the temperature of the flue gas, allowing it to reach the ideal combustion state more quickly, but also changes the direction of the flue gas flow, prolongs the residence time of the flue gas, etc., greatly shortening the time required for flue gas combustion, and effectively promoting the rapid progress of the combustion reaction, thereby comprehensively improving the combustion efficiency and providing solid and reliable technical support and guarantee for the efficient and clean incineration of domestic waste.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the flue gas preheating mechanism 8 includes a smoke return duct 801, a heating chamber 802 and a second air outlet 803. The heating chamber 802 is arranged inside the air inlet chamber 1, and one end of the heating chamber 802 is connected to the first air outlet on the third chamber 603 through the smoke return duct 801, and the other end of the heating chamber 802 is connected to the purifier through the second air outlet 803.

[0046] It should be noted that the flue gas after combustion in the combustion chamber 2 still carries a large amount of heat. In order to recycle the heat energy, we have designed a heating chamber 802 inside the air intake chamber 1, and introduced the flue gas after combustion in the third chamber 603 into the heating chamber 802, and preheated the incoming flue gas inside the internal air intake pipe 605 in advance, thereby achieving early preheating and improving combustion efficiency.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, the heat storage component 7 includes a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate 701, a high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick 703, a heat storage ball 702 and an air hole 704. The high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick 703 is arranged inside the combustion chamber 2 through the high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate 701, and a plurality of heat storage balls 702 and air holes 704 are arranged on the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick 703 to heat the flue gas passing through; the combustion chamber 2 is a cylindrical hollow cavity structure with openings at both ends, and a heat-resistant insulation cotton layer and a fire-resistant layer are arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 2, and the heat-resistant insulation cotton layer is located between the fire-resistant layer and the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2; the outside of the combustion chamber 2 is provided with a first combustion observation port 5, a second combustion observation port 10 and an oxygen increase adjustment port 4, the first combustion observation port 5 and the second combustion observation port 10 are arranged corresponding to the third chamber 603 and the second chamber 602 respectively, and the oxygen increase adjustment port 4 is arranged relative to the first chamber 601.

[0048] It should be noted that the heat storage component 7 can absorb heat energy when the flue gas burns and release heat energy in the subsequent combustion process. This structure is designed to heat the subsequent flue gas and quickly heat the flue gas to above 850°C to facilitate rapid combustion in the second chamber 602. A heat storage component 7 is also designed between the second chamber 602 and the third chamber 603. After the flue gas burns in the second chamber 602 and enters the third chamber 603, it can be heated again, and the flue gas residence time is more than 2S, and the temperature is raised to above 900°C, so that the flue gas can be fully burned, and the combustible gas, dioxins, black carbon and other components in the flue gas can be effectively burned out.

[0049] It needs to be further explained that a number of heat storage balls 702 and air holes 704 are arranged on the upper part of our high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick 703. When the flue gas passes through the air holes 704 next to the heat storage ball 702, it fully contacts with the heat storage ball 702 to heat the cold flue gas, and the heat storage ball 702 is made of corundum mullite heat storage ball with a specific surface area of ​​240m2 / m3. The small ball divides the airflow into very small streams. When the airflow flows through the heat storage body, strong turbulence is formed, which effectively breaks through the boundary layer on the surface of the heat storage body. Because of the small ball diameter, small conduction radius, small thermal resistance, high density and good thermal conductivity, the fast reversing requirement and 25 times / h reversing can be achieved. The high-conductivity heat storage plate, heat storage ball and heat storage hole brick are arranged through a special structure to form thermal energy complementation. No combustion-supporting material is required after the first ignition. After passing through the preheating system, the combustion efficiency is improved, which greatly reduces the operating cost.

[0050] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, an observation platform 15 is provided on the upper part of the combustion chamber 2, and a smoke collection trough 604 and a pressure relief mechanism 3 are provided on the lower part of the combustion chamber 2, which are used for collecting and relieving dust after combustion; an observation ladder 18, a first temperature sensor 16 and a second temperature sensor 17 are provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2, and the first temperature sensor 16 and the second temperature sensor 17 are respectively provided corresponding to the third chamber 603 and the second chamber 602 for sensing the internal combustion temperature; an air intake pipe 605 is provided inside the air intake chamber 1, and one end of the air intake pipe 605 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake pipe 605 passes through the heating chamber 802 and is connected to the inside of the first chamber 601.

[0051] It should be noted that a smoke collection trough 604 and a pressure relief mechanism 3 are provided at the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 for collecting dust after combustion, and the design of the pressure relief mechanism 3 can achieve rapid pressure relief when the temperature inside the combustion chamber 2 is too high, thereby preventing the risk of explosion due to excessive air pressure during internal combustion. The design of multiple temperature sensors is to enable the operator to observe the internal combustion conditions in real time, so as to facilitate real-time adjustment of the air intake and exhaust.

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, one end of the air inlet chamber 1 is provided with a secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port 11, a secondary combustion chamber smoke return observation port 12, a smoke detection sampling port 13 and a smoke temperature sensor 14, which are used to observe the smoke state during the smoke return preheating; the second chamber 602 and the third chamber 603, and the top of the third chamber 603 are both provided with a heat storage component 7 to heat the smoke multiple times.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port 11 and the secondary combustion chamber smoke return observation port 12 are designed to enable operators to observe the state of smoke during smoke return, which is convenient for operators to sample and manage smoke.

[0054] Working principle: After the garbage is accurately introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis flue gas is generated under high-temperature pyrolysis gasification reaction conditions, and is orderly introduced into the combustion chamber 2 through the air inlet chamber 1. In the first chamber 601, the flue gas is fully mixed under specific airflow guidance and disturbance. At the same time, the heat storage component 7 efficiently heats the flue gas according to its unique heat storage and heat release characteristics. The heated and evenly mixed flue gas enters the second chamber 602, where further combustion reaction is carried out. The flue gas after combustion in the second chamber 602 continues to flow into the third chamber 603. Thanks to the advanced combustion enhancement design in the third chamber 603, the combustible gas in the flue gas can be completely burned. The exhaust gas generated at this time is introduced into the heating chamber 802 along the smoke return pipe 801, and the smoke return pipe 801 can also be heated by the third combustion. When introduced into the heating chamber 802, the exhaust gas is in a continuous flow state, and the heat it carries is fully heat exchanged with the cold flue gas entering from the air inlet pipe 605, thereby cleverly realizing the recycling of thermal energy.

[0055] It should be noted that the setting of the heat storage component 7 can repeatedly change the direction of the passing flue gas based on the combined action of the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb bricks 703, the heat storage balls 702 and the air holes 704, so that the flue gas residence time is longer. The advantage of this design is that the longer the flue gas residence time, the higher the heating efficiency of the flue gas. In this way, the temperature of the entire flue gas is increased, the gas phase of the burning flue gas is kept stable, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

[0056] This heat energy cycle not only reduces the heat loss of the system, but also effectively increases the initial temperature of the cold flue gas, making the subsequent combustion process smoother and more efficient, thereby significantly improving the overall flue gas combustion efficiency, laying a solid foundation for high efficiency and low emissions in waste incineration treatment.

[0057] The following figure shows the detection data of this device when the flue gas is burning:

[0058] As shown in the above data, the first group of experiments are normal garbage pyrolysis flue gas. After purification and primary combustion by the purifier, only some particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and other harmful substances can be removed. The remaining dioxins, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances cannot be effectively removed, and the pollutant emission limit requirements cannot be met. In the second group of experiments, the flue gas was burned again, which effectively reduced the residual dioxins, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances. In the third group of experiments, the dioxins, carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbons, particulate matter and other harmful substances were significantly reduced through the secondary combustion of the flue gas, and their values ​​have reached the pollutant emission limit standard (GB18485-2014). Therefore, this equipment adopts a three-combustion process, which can effectively remove harmful substances such as dioxins and carbon monoxide in the flue gas, meet the pollutant emission limit standard, and meet the carbon emission requirements.

[0059] A domestic waste pyrolysis treatment process comprises the following steps: S1. Automatically introduce the domestic waste into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and then place the waste flatly through a scraping mechanism; S2. The garbage is gradually heated to the temperature required for pyrolysis reaction by the heating equipment inside the pyrolysis gasifier, so that the garbage undergoes pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environment to generate pyrolysis gas and solid residue; S3, the smoke generated in step S2 enters the secondary combustion mechanism 6 through the air inlet chamber 1, and after adding an appropriate amount of air, the first combustion and the second combustion are performed; S4, the flue gas after secondary combustion in the secondary combustion mechanism 6 is re-introduced into the air intake chamber 1 through the flue gas preheating mechanism 8 to reheat the air intake pipe 605 to achieve the purpose of preheating; S5. In step S4, the heated flue gas is introduced from the second gas outlet 803 and then enters the purification equipment and the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the diversion pipeline, so as to reheat the garbage during pyrolysis gasification and purify the tail gas.

[0060] In step S5, a digitally controlled valve is provided on the diversion pipeline, which is opened as needed to guide the flue gas into the purification equipment or the pyrolysis gasification furnace.

[0061] It should be noted that in the garbage pyrolysis treatment process, the garbage is first introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace for pyrolysis reaction. The generated flue gas also contains a large amount of harmful components and combustible components. The flue gas is passed into the air inlet chamber 1 through a pipe, and then enters the secondary combustion mechanism 6 for the second and third combustion treatments of the flue gas. The flue gas after combustion on both sides contains a large amount of heat source. It is introduced into the heating chamber 802 again through the smoke return pipe 801 to heat the newly entered flue gas, thereby realizing the recycling of heat energy. The exhausted flue gas can be introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace again to heat the garbage and accelerate the pyrolysis reaction. In this process, the pyrolysis gasification furnace plays a key role as the first step of the garbage reaction.

[0062] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, the pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a furnace body 19, a pyrolysis chamber 22, a sealing mechanism 21 and a feeding mechanism 20. The furnace body 19 is a rectangular hollow structure with an upper opening, and the interior of the furnace body 19 is connected to the pyrolysis chamber 22 through a fixed bracket 23. The upper part of the pyrolysis chamber 22 is provided with a feeding mechanism 20 for uniformly introducing garbage; the feeding mechanism 20 includes a support plate 2001, a feed hopper 2002, a feed pipe 2005, a connecting hole 2011 and a feeding mechanism 9. The support plate 2001 is movably connected to the connecting rod 22 on the furnace body 19 through a movable connecting hole 2003 on the side, and the side of the support plate 2001 is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 2012 on the furnace body 19 to form an up and down propulsion structure.

[0063] It should be noted that in the existing process of the pyrolysis process, the common feeding method is mechanical feeding, that is, transporting materials such as garbage to the reaction chamber through the feed port to carry out the pyrolysis gasification reaction. However, the traditional feeding method has obvious disadvantages. The garbage entering is easy to accumulate in the chamber in large quantities, making it difficult for the pyrolysis reaction to proceed fully. In view of this, we have designed a new feeding mechanism, which has the excellent characteristics of distributed feeding and can effectively avoid the problem of garbage accumulation. Specifically, the feed hopper 2002 is firmly connected to the connection hole 2011 arranged on the support plate 2001 by means of the feeding pipe 2005. At the same time, the lower part of the support plate 2001 is carefully equipped with a feeding mechanism 9 and a scraping mechanism 26. The two complement each other, which can not only help the material to be fed smoothly, but also ensure the uniform feeding of the material. It is particularly worth mentioning that the side of the support plate 2001 is closely connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 2012 on the furnace body 19, thereby constructing a sophisticated structure for pushing up and down. With the strong driving force of the first hydraulic cylinder 2012, the entire feeding mechanism can freely realize the lifting and lowering operation. When material is needed, the feeding mechanism 9 and the scraping mechanism 26 will extend into the pyrolysis chamber 22 under mechanical drive to ensure the uniform distribution of materials. When the material guiding process is successfully completed, they can be quickly lifted and reset, and then the sealing mechanism 21 is started to close the pyrolysis chamber 22 tightly, thereby achieving a highly automated material unloading process and greatly improving the efficiency and quality of pyrolysis.

[0064] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, the feed hopper 2002 is a rectangular hollow structure with an opening at the top, and a feed pipe 2005 is provided at the lower part of the feed hopper 2002, and the feed pipe 2005 is movably connected to the connecting hole 2011 of the support plate 2001, and a bearing 2010 is provided between the feed pipe 2005 and the connecting hole 2011, and a first sprocket 2008 is provided on the outer wall of the feed pipe 2005, and the first sprocket 2008 is connected to the second sprocket on the output shaft of the first drive motor 2006 through the first chain 2007 to form a rotating structure; the first drive motor 2006 is arranged at the lower part of the support plate 2001 through the motor support 2004.

[0065] It should be noted that in the waste treatment process, ensuring that the waste is evenly distributed during the feeding stage is crucial for the efficient operation of the subsequent treatment process. To this end, we have designed an innovative rotary feeding system, which mainly optimizes and transforms the feed pipe 2005 and the feeding mechanism 9. The first sprocket 2008 is carefully assembled on the outer wall of the feed pipe 2005, and is tightly connected to the second sprocket on the output shaft of the first drive motor 2006 through a high-strength and high-precision first chain 2007, thereby building a stable and efficient rotating structure. When the system is started, After starting, the first drive motor 2006 runs rapidly, and with its powerful torque output, it drives the chain transmission, thereby prompting the discharge pipe 2005 to start the high-speed rotation mode. In this way, when the garbage slides through the discharge pipe 2005 to the feeding mechanism 9, it will obtain centrifugal force as the discharge pipe rotates, showing a rotating and falling trend. Finally, the garbage can be distributed in a dispersed and uniform state inside the pyrolysis chamber 22, fundamentally avoiding the problem of garbage accumulation and uneven distribution, and laying a solid foundation for the precise and stable advancement of the subsequent pyrolysis process.

[0066] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, a feeding mechanism 9 is provided at the lower part of the feed tube 2005, and the feeding mechanism 9 includes a first feeding tube 901, a first guide groove 902, a second guide groove 903, a movable connecting rod 905 and a pressure spring 907. One end of the first feeding tube 901 is connected to the tail of the feed tube 2005, and the other end of the first feeding tube 901 is provided with a first guide groove 902, and the first guide groove 902 is movably provided with a second guide groove 903; the second guide groove 903 is connected to the first guide groove 902 through a second slide groove 904 on the side. The second slide bar is movably connected, and a first fixed plate 904 is provided on the side of the second material guide trough 903, and the first fixed plate 904 is movably connected to the second fixed plate 906 on the outer wall of the first material passing pipe 901 through a movable connecting rod 905, and a pressure spring 907 is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable connecting rod 905 to form an elastic structure; one end of the movable connecting rod 905 is connected to the winding wheel 910 on the fixed sleeve 909 through a steel wire rope 908; the winding wheel 910 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the fixed sleeve 909, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second driving motor 911.

[0067] It should be noted that the garbage is transported to the feeding mechanism 9 and then sent to the pyrolysis chamber 22. In the pyrolysis chamber 22, the garbage is spread out in a relatively uniform state in the pyrolysis space by virtue of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation. However, the volume of the pyrolysis chamber 22 is limited. If the feeding mechanism 9 continues to rotate and discharge the material in a fixed mode, with the center point of the feeding mechanism 9 as a reference, the garbage on both sides will easily accumulate, which will undoubtedly interfere with the stability and efficiency of the pyrolysis process. In view of this, we have given the feeding mechanism 9 a telescopic function. When the garbage is distributed under the action of rotation, the feeding mechanism 9 can flexibly adjust the discharge position to ensure that the garbage is always evenly distributed in the pyrolysis chamber 22. The second guide trough 903 is movably arranged on the first guide trough 902. One end of the second guide trough 903 is The movable connecting rod 905 is cleverly connected to the second fixed plate 906 on the outer wall of the first feeding pipe 901, and a pressure spring 907 is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable connecting rod 905. The three complement each other and jointly construct a stable and sensitive elastic structure. Not only that, one end of the movable connecting rod 905 is tightly connected to the winding wheel 910 on the fixed sleeve 909 through a wire rope 908. When the winding wheel 910 rotates slowly, the wire rope 908 is retracted or released, which can drive the second material guide trough 903 to extend and retract freely forward and backward, and adjust the direction of the garbage discharge point. The design of the pressure spring 907 is that once the winding wheel 910 stops applying force and releases the wire rope 908, the pressure spring 907 will rely on its own accumulated elastic potential energy to drive the entire structure to quickly return to its initial state, and prepare for the next round of adjustment.

[0068] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, a scraping mechanism 26 is also sleeved on the outer wall of the first feeding tube 901, and the scraping mechanism 26 includes a fixing device 2601, a movable sleeve 2603, a driving arm 2606, a rack 2608, a gear 2605, a scraper plate 2609 and a third driving motor 2604. The fixing device 2601 is arranged on the first feeding tube 901 through a connecting hole 2602, and a movable sleeve 2603 is arranged at one end of the fixing device 2601, and a driving arm 2606 is arranged inside the movable sleeve 2603. 6. A scraper plate 2609 is provided at one end of the driving arm 2606 for scraping the garbage; the driving arm 2606 is slidably connected with the third sliding groove inside the movable sleeve 2603 through the third sliding bars 2607 on both sides, and a rack 2608 is provided on the driving arm 2606, and the rack 2608 is meshed and connected with the gear 2605 on the movable sleeve 2603, the gear 2605 is provided on the second rotating shaft, and one end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the third driving motor 2604 through a coupling.

[0069] It should be noted that the scraping mechanism 26 is arranged to scrape and flatten the garbage again during the rotation process, wherein a driving arm 2606 is arranged inside the movable sleeve 2603, and a scraper plate 2609 is arranged at one end of the driving arm 2606, and the driving arm 2606 can be adjusted left and right under the drive of the third driving motor 2604. The advantage of this design is that the scraper plate 2609 can be called back, which can cooperate with the material transfer mechanism 9 to scrape and flatten the material, and can also be recycled when entering and exiting the pyrolysis chamber 22 to avoid interference when entering.

[0070] It also includes a sealing mechanism 21, which includes a propulsion platform 2101, a receiving support frame 2103, a second hydraulic cylinder 2104 and an external connecting rod 2105. The propulsion platform 2101 is movably connected to the fourth slide bar on the inner wall of the external connecting rod 2105 through the fourth slide groove 2102 on the side, and the external connecting rod 2105 is arranged on one side of the furnace body 19. A receiving support frame 2103 is arranged on the upper part of the propulsion platform 2101, and a second hydraulic cylinder 2104 is arranged on the receiving support frame 2103. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 2104 is connected to the sealing cover 2106, and one end of the propulsion platform 2101 is connected to the third hydraulic cylinder on the external connecting rod 2105 to form a propulsion structure.

[0071] It should be noted that the sealing mechanism 21 is designed to seal the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber 22 after the feeding is completed, wherein the entire propulsion platform 2101 is propelled based on the third hydraulic cylinder. After the propulsion platform 2101 reaches the position, the sealing cover 2106 on the propulsion platform 2101 can complete the sealing of the pyrolysis chamber 22 under the propulsion of the second hydraulic cylinder 2104.

[0072] A rectangular opening is provided on one side of the furnace body 19, and an opening and closing door 25 is provided on the rectangular opening; a smoke outlet pipe 24 is provided on one side of the furnace body 19, and the smoke outlet pipe 24 is connected to the air inlet chamber 1, and a smoke return pipe 27 is provided on the other side of the furnace body 19, and the smoke return pipe 27 is connected to the diversion pipe.

[0073] It should be noted that the smoke return pipe 27 extends into the interior of the pyrolysis chamber 22, and can continuously guide smoke and heat the garbage inside, thereby increasing the reaction temperature and accelerating the reaction efficiency.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficiently burning domestic waste smoke, comprising an air intake chamber (1), a combustion chamber (2), a smoke preheating mechanism (8) and a secondary combustion mechanism (6), wherein: One end of the air inlet chamber (1) is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air inlet chamber (1) is provided with a combustion chamber (2) for secondary flue gas combustion; A flue gas preheating mechanism (8) is provided inside the air inlet chamber (1) to preheat the flue gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification furnace. Preheating of A secondary combustion mechanism (6) is arranged inside the combustion chamber (2) for secondary combustion of flue gas; The secondary combustion mechanism (6) comprises a first chamber (601), a second chamber (602), a third chamber (603) and a heat storage component (7), wherein the first chamber (601) is a smoke mixing chamber, the second chamber (602) is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber (603) is a second combustion chamber; A heat storage component (7) is provided between the first chamber (601) and the second chamber (602) to absorb heat and then release heat to provide heat for the flue gas.

2. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas preheating mechanism (8) comprises a smoke return duct (801), a heating chamber (802) and a second air outlet (803); the heating chamber (802) is arranged inside the air inlet chamber (1), and one end of the heating chamber (802) is connected to the first air outlet on the third chamber (603) via the smoke return duct (801), and the other end of the heating chamber (802) is connected to the purifier at the rear end via the second air outlet (803).

3. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat storage component (7) comprises a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate (701), a high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick (703), a heat storage ball (702) and a vent hole (704); the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick (703) is arranged inside the combustion chamber (2) via the high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate (701), and a plurality of heat storage balls (702) and vent holes (704) are arranged on the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick (703) to heat the flue gas passing therethrough.

4. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 3, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (2) is a cylindrical hollow structure with openings at both ends, and a heat-resistant insulation cotton layer and a fire-resistant layer are provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber (2), wherein the heat-resistant insulation cotton layer is located between the fire-resistant layer and the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2); A first combustion observation port (5), a second combustion observation port (10) and an oxygen increase adjustment port (4) are arranged outside the combustion chamber (2); the first combustion observation port (5) and the second combustion observation port (10) are arranged corresponding to the third chamber (603) and the second chamber (602) respectively, and the oxygen increase adjustment port (4) is arranged corresponding to the first chamber (601).

5. A secondary combustion chamber device for domestic waste smoke with high efficiency combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that: An observation platform (15) is provided at the top of the combustion chamber (2), and a smoke collection trough (604) and a pressure relief mechanism (3) are provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber (2) for collecting dust and releasing pressure after combustion; An observation ladder (18), a first temperature sensor (16) and a second temperature sensor (17) are arranged on the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2); the first temperature sensor (16) and the second temperature sensor (17) are arranged corresponding to the third chamber (603) and the second chamber (602), respectively, and are used to sense the internal combustion temperature.

6. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake pipe (605) is arranged inside the air intake chamber (1), and one end of the air intake pipe (605) is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, while the other end of the air intake pipe (605) passes through the heating chamber (802) and is connected to the interior of the first chamber (601).

7. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the air inlet chamber (1) is provided with a secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port (11), a secondary combustion chamber smoke return observation port (12), a smoke detection sampling port (13) and a smoke temperature sensor (14) for observing the smoke state during smoke return preheating.

8. A secondary combustion chamber device for domestic waste smoke with high efficiency combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second chamber (602) and the third chamber (603), as well as the top of the third chamber (603), are both provided with a heat storage component (7) to heat the flue gas multiple times.

9. A process for pyrolysis treatment of domestic waste, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Automatically introduce the domestic waste into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and then place the waste flatly through a scraping mechanism; S2. First ignition: The heating equipment inside the pyrolysis gasifier is used to gradually heat the garbage to the temperature required for the pyrolysis reaction, so that the garbage undergoes pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environment to generate pyrolysis gas and liquid and solid residues; S3, the smoke generated in step S2 enters the secondary combustion mechanism (6) through the air inlet chamber (1), and after adding an appropriate amount of air, the first combustion and the second combustion are performed; S4, the flue gas after secondary combustion in the secondary combustion mechanism (6) is reintroduced into the air intake chamber (1) through the flue gas preheating mechanism (8) to reheat the air intake pipe (605) to achieve the purpose of preheating; S5. In step S4, the heated flue gas is introduced from the second gas outlet (803) and then enters the purification equipment and the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the diversion pipeline, so as to reheat the garbage during pyrolysis gasification and purify the tail gas at the rear end.

10. A process for pyrolysis treatment of domestic waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S5, a digitally controlled valve is provided on the diversion pipeline, which is opened as needed to guide the flue gas into the purification equipment or the pyrolysis gasification furnace.

Images