Intelligent monitoring method and system for electrical load

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads, and belongs to the technical field of electrical load monitoring, the monitoring method comprises the following steps: analyzing the use records of the electrical loads, obtaining the association among the electrical loads, carrying out subsequent analysis, and when the load does not follow the association for a long time, carrying out the monitoring of the electrical loads. Compared with a manual patrol troubleshooting mode in the prior art, the method has the advantages that the labor cost can be reduced, and a good monitoring effect is achieved for positions where people are inconvenient to frequently enter and exit and are inconvenient to enter for detection; in addition, compared with a mode of densely arranging current and voltage acquisition equipment to realize acquisition and transmission of current and voltage data of each electrical load, the monitoring cost and the system maintenance cost can be greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrical load monitoring, and specifically relates to an intelligent monitoring method and system for electrical loads. Background Art

[0002] Intelligent monitoring of electrical loads uses modern information technology, Internet of Things technology, and artificial intelligence algorithms to conduct comprehensive real-time monitoring and intelligent management of all aspects of the power system. It can improve the stability and security of power supply, optimize energy efficiency, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and promote the modernization and sustainable development of the power grid. Therefore, it has been widely used in the current power network construction.

[0003] In the prior art, many electrical loads are damaged during use without causing obvious surface impact, resulting in users being unable to promptly discover these damaged electrical loads. They can only be repaired and processed after being discovered by patrol personnel, which results in untimely monitoring of the electrical loads and inability to respond quickly to their abnormalities. In addition, in the prior art, in order to monitor the working status of all electrical loads, equipment for collecting and transmitting working signals such as voltage and current is installed on all electrical loads, which greatly increases the monitoring cost and is not conducive to relevant modifications to the existing electrical system. In order to solve the above problems, an intelligent electrical load monitoring solution is provided that can reduce the cost of electrical load monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring method and system for electrical loads, so as to solve the problems in the prior art of monitoring electrical loads that the one-to-one monitoring method is too costly, the manual inspection method is inefficient and has high labor costs.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: grouping the loads according to their on / off times, so as to divide the loads into a plurality of load groups, wherein the on / off times of the electrical loads in the same load group are similar;

[0008] Step 2: For electrical loads in the same load group, when the power-on and power-off of an electrical load are in an asynchronous state for b consecutive cycles, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load is abnormal, and the electrical load is marked as an abnormal load;

[0009] Step 3: After an electrical load is marked as an abnormal load in step 2, if the deviation between the current and voltage data of the corresponding branch line within the preset time length T1 before the abnormality occurs and the current and voltage data of the corresponding branch line within the preset time length T2 before the abnormality occurs is greater than a preset standard, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load has a fault;

[0010] The energized working combination refers to a combination of electrical loads that are in the energized working state at the same time, and the electrical loads in the energized working combination belong to the same branch line; the operating parameters include voltage U and current I; wherein T2 is much greater than T1.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the method of dividing each load into a plurality of load groups in step 1 is:

[0012] Obtain the power-on and power-off times of each electrical load within a preset time T in the past;

[0013] Mark an electrical load as a reference load, mark its power-on time as tij in sequence, and mark its power-off time as tik in sequence, where 1≤i≤n, 1≤j≤m, 1≤k≤a, n represents the number of electrical loads, m represents the number of times the corresponding electrical load has completed power-on actions within the past preset time T, and a represents the number of times the corresponding electrical load has completed power-off actions within the past preset time T;

[0014] When calculating the correlation coefficient between the reference load and another electrical load, according to the formula The correlation coefficient F between the two electrical loads is calculated;

[0015] Wherein tj represents the power-on time closest to the corresponding tij in another electrical load, tk represents the power-off time closest to the corresponding tik in another electrical load, and when |tij-tj| is greater than the preset threshold value θ, |tij-tj| takes the value θ, and when |tik-tk| is greater than the preset threshold value θ, |tik-tk| takes the value θ, and θ is the preset threshold value;

[0016] When the corresponding correlation coefficient F is less than or equal to the preset value F1, it is considered that there is a correlation between the two electrical loads;

[0017] The loads are grouped according to the correlation coefficient F, and the correlation coefficient F between any two electrical loads in the same load group is less than or equal to a preset value F1.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, a cycle refers to the process from power-on to power-off of the overall electrical load in the corresponding load group under normal working conditions; the coverage time of two adjacent cycles is not necessarily equal, and b is a preset value.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, the method for determining whether the electrical load is in a synchronous state in step 2 is:

[0020] For electrical loads in the same load group, within a cycle, when the ratio of the duration of an electrical load being in the power-on state to the duration of the corresponding cycle is less than a preset ratio threshold β1, the corresponding electrical load is considered to be in an asynchronous state.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, the method for determining the start time and the end time of a cycle of the same load group is:

[0022] A plane rectangular coordinate system is established with time as the horizontal coordinate and the electrical load as the vertical coordinate, and the power-on time of each electrical load is marked in the plane rectangular coordinate system;

[0023] Establish two straight lines x=x1 and x=x1+xy, where xy is the preset error duration;

[0024] When the number of electrical loads u1 covered within the rectangular range formed by x=x1, x=x1+xy, y=0 and y=d satisfies that u1 / u is greater than the preset ratio β2, and u1 takes the maximum value within the range of x1±20min, then fit each point within the rectangular range to obtain a vertical line x=x2 parallel to the y-axis, where x1<x2<x1+xy; the time corresponding to x2 is taken as the starting time of a cycle of the corresponding load group, and then the starting time of each cycle is obtained;

[0025] All electrical loads are covered between y=1 and y=d, and u is the number of electrical loads in the corresponding load group;

[0026] Similarly, the termination time of each cycle of the corresponding load group is calculated and obtained according to the above process.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, in step 3, within the past preset time length T1, a set of instantaneous voltages Usr are obtained with equal time differences, where r is 1 to e, and e is the number of a set of instantaneous voltage data collected;

[0028] Get its average operating voltage Up, according to the formula Obtain the fluctuation coefficient F2 of the corresponding power-on working combination within the past preset time T1;

[0029] The fluctuation coefficient F3 of the corresponding energized working combination within the past T1 range is calculated in the same way;

[0030] When either F2 is greater than the preset value F2y or F3 is greater than the preset value F3y, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load has a fault, and an alarm message is sent through the alarm unit to remind the staff to handle it in time.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention, the method for obtaining the average operating voltage Up is:

[0032] Within the past preset time length T2, a group of instantaneous voltage data is obtained with equal time difference, the average value of the group of instantaneous voltage data is calculated, and the average value is marked as the average working voltage Up of the corresponding energized working combination.

[0033] An intelligent monitoring system for electrical loads, used to execute the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads, the system comprising:

[0034] A switch signal acquisition unit, used to acquire switch signals of each electrical load;

[0035] The operating parameter monitoring unit first divides the electrical loads within the monitoring range into several groups according to the lines they belong to. The electrical loads in each group are on the same branch line. Then, the operating parameter monitoring unit is used to monitor and obtain the operating parameters of each branch line.

[0036] An alarm unit, used for issuing an alarm message;

[0037] A data storage unit, used to store information collected by the switch signal collection unit and the operation parameter monitoring unit;

[0038] The host unit is used to process the electrical load switch signal stored in the data storage unit and the operating parameter monitoring unit to determine the electrical load with fault.

[0039] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0040] 1. Compared with the method of comprehensively covering all electrical loads with operating parameter monitoring units, the present invention first analyzes the on and off records of the electrical loads to find the electrical loads with abnormalities, and then monitors the operating parameters of the branch where the abnormal electrical loads are located. Specifically, the current and voltage data of the corresponding branch in a period of time before the abnormality occurs are compared with the current and voltage data of the branch in a long period of time in the past, so as to find the electrical loads that may have faults. Compared with the existing technology, the monitoring cost of the monitoring system can be greatly reduced.

[0041] 2. The present invention analyzes the usage records of electrical loads to obtain the correlation between the electrical loads, and uses this to perform subsequent analysis. When a load does not follow the correlation for a long time, a targeted investigation is performed. Compared with the manual patrol and investigation method in the prior art, the labor cost can be reduced, and it has a good monitoring effect for locations that are inconvenient for personnel to frequently enter and exit or for personnel to enter and investigate. In addition, compared with the method of densely deploying current and voltage acquisition equipment to realize the collection and transmission of current and voltage data of each electrical load, the present invention can greatly reduce the monitoring cost and system maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of an intelligent monitoring system for electrical loads of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of an intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] An intelligent monitoring system for electrical loads, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0047] A switch signal acquisition unit, used to acquire switch signals of each electrical load;

[0048] The operating parameter monitoring unit first divides the electrical loads within the monitoring range into several groups according to the lines they belong to. The electrical loads in each group are on the same branch line. Then, the operating parameter monitoring unit is used to monitor and obtain the operating parameters of each branch line.

[0049] The operating parameters include current I and voltage U;

[0050] Alarm unit, used to send out alarm information to prompt staff to carry out further processing;

[0051] A data storage unit, used to store information collected by the switch signal collection unit and the operation parameter monitoring unit;

[0052] The host unit is used to process the electrical load switch signal stored in the data storage unit and the operating parameter monitoring unit to determine the electrical load with fault.

[0053] An intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads can determine the electrical loads with faults, thereby achieving rapid positioning, specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Record the power-on and power-off times of each electrical load in the monitoring area through a switch signal acquisition unit, and group each load according to the power-on and power-off times of each electrical load, so as to divide each load into several load groups;

[0055] Specific:

[0056] Starting from the current moment, obtain the power-on and power-off moments of each electrical load within the past preset time T;

[0057] For an electrical load, its power-on moment is marked as tij in sequence, and its power-off moment is marked as tik in sequence, where 1≤i≤n, 1≤j≤m, 1≤k≤a, where n represents the number of electrical loads, m represents the number of times the corresponding electrical load has completed the power-on action within the past preset time T, and a represents the number of times the corresponding electrical load has completed the power-off action within the past preset time T; for the convenience of distinguishing descriptions, the electrical load is marked as a reference load;

[0058] When calculating the correlation coefficient between the reference load and another electrical load, according to the formula The correlation coefficient F between the two electrical loads is calculated;

[0059] Where tj represents the power-on time closest to the corresponding tij in another electrical load, tk represents the power-off time closest to the corresponding tik in another electrical load, and when |tij-tj| is greater than the preset threshold θ, |tij-tj| takes the value of θ, and when |tik-tk| is greater than the preset threshold θ, |tik-tk| takes the value of θ, where θ is the preset threshold, so as to avoid the calculated correlation coefficient F being unable to express the true correlation between the two electrical loads. Specifically, the value of θ is determined according to the application scenario and requirements of the monitoring system. For example, when the application scenario is an office building, θ can be set to 300s;

[0060] When the corresponding correlation coefficient F is less than or equal to the preset value F1, it is considered that there is a correlation between the two electrical loads;

[0061] The loads are grouped according to the correlation coefficient F, and the correlation coefficient F between any two electrical loads in the same load group is less than or equal to a preset value F1.

[0062] For electrical loads affected by factors such as temperature and / or season, the above-mentioned grouping processing is performed only under corresponding conditions. When the above-mentioned conditions are not met, no corresponding processing will be performed during the electrical load grouping process. For example, if the air conditioners in a monitoring area are required to be turned on between July and September, then within this time range, the air conditioners will be included in the above-mentioned grouping processing. Conversely, during other times, the load data of the air conditioners will no longer be collected, and the air conditioners will not be included in any load group.

[0063] Step 2: for electrical loads in the same load group, when an electrical load is in an asynchronous state for b consecutive cycles, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load is abnormal, and the electrical load is marked as an abnormal load;

[0064] A cycle here refers to the process from power-on to power-off of the overall electrical load in the corresponding load group under normal working conditions; the coverage time of two adjacent cycles is not necessarily equal;

[0065] b is a preset value, which is set according to the usage scenario, for example, in an office building, b can be set to 5;

[0066] The method for determining whether an electrical load is in a synchronous state is as follows:

[0067] For electrical loads in the same load group, within a cycle, when the ratio of the duration of an electrical load being powered on to the duration of the corresponding cycle is less than a preset ratio threshold β1, the corresponding electrical load is considered to be in an asynchronous state, and β1 is 90%.

[0068] Furthermore, the method for determining the start time and end time of a cycle of the same load group is:

[0069] A plane rectangular coordinate system is established with time as the horizontal coordinate and the electrical load as the vertical coordinate, and the power-on time of each electrical load is marked in the plane rectangular coordinate system;

[0070] Establish two straight lines x=x1 and x=x1+xy, where xy is the preset error duration;

[0071] When the number of electrical loads u1 covered within the rectangular range formed by x=x1, x=x1+xy, y=0 and y=d satisfies that u1 / u is greater than the preset ratio β2, and u1 takes the maximum value within the range of x1±20min, then fit each point within the rectangular range to obtain a vertical line x=x2 parallel to the y-axis, where x1<x2<x1+xy; the time corresponding to x2 is taken as the starting time of a cycle of the corresponding load group, and then the starting time of each cycle is obtained;

[0072] The setting of β2 is related to factors such as the usage scenario. For example, in an office building scenario, the value of β2 is 85%;

[0073] All electrical loads are covered between y=1 and y=d, and u is the number of electrical loads in the corresponding load group;

[0074] Similarly, a plane rectangular coordinate system is established with time as the horizontal coordinate and the electrical load as the vertical coordinate, and the power-off time of each electrical load is marked in the plane rectangular coordinate system;

[0075] Then calculate and obtain the end time of each cycle of the corresponding load group according to the above process.

[0076] The present invention analyzes the usage records of electrical loads to obtain the association between the electrical loads, and uses this to perform subsequent analysis. When a load does not follow the association for a long time, a targeted investigation is performed. Compared with the manual patrol investigation method in the prior art, the labor cost can be reduced, and a good monitoring effect is achieved for locations that are inconvenient for personnel to frequently enter and exit or for personnel to enter and investigate.

[0077] In addition, compared with the method of densely deploying current and voltage acquisition equipment to collect and transmit current and voltage data of each electrical load, the present invention can greatly reduce monitoring costs and system maintenance costs.

[0078] Step 3: when an electrical load is marked as an abnormal load in step 2, the operation parameter monitoring unit obtains the change data of each operation parameter of the energized working combination including the abnormal load within the past preset time length T1;

[0079] The energized working combination refers to a combination of electrical loads that are in the energized working state at the same time; and the electrical loads in the energized working combination belong to the same branch line;

[0080] The operating parameters include voltage U and current I;

[0081] For the voltage U, within the past preset time length T1, a set of instantaneous voltages Usr are obtained with equal time difference, where r is 1 to e, where e is the number of a set of instantaneous voltage data collected, and the time difference for obtaining the instantaneous voltage Usr is a preset reasonable value, such as 5s;

[0082] Get its average operating voltage Up, according to the formula Calculate and obtain the fluctuation coefficient F2 of the corresponding power-on working combination within the past preset time T1;

[0083] The method for obtaining the average operating voltage Up is:

[0084] Within the past preset time length T2, a group of instantaneous voltage data is obtained with equal time difference, and the average value of this group of instantaneous voltage data is calculated, and its average value is marked as the average working voltage Up of the corresponding power-on working combination. Similarly, the time difference is also a preset reasonable value, such as 5s, where the value of T2 is much larger than T1.

[0085] The fluctuation coefficient F3 of the corresponding power-on working combination within the past preset time T1 is calculated in the same way;

[0086] When either F2 is greater than the preset value F2y or F3 is greater than the preset value F3y, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load has a fault, and an alarm message is sent through the alarm unit to remind the staff to handle it in time.

[0087] Compared with the method of comprehensively covering all electrical loads with operating parameter monitoring units, the present invention first analyzes the power on and off records of the electrical loads to find the abnormal electrical loads, and then monitors the operating parameters of the branch where the abnormal electrical loads are located. Specifically, the current and voltage data of the corresponding branch in a period of time before the abnormality occurs are compared with the current and voltage data of the branch in a long period of time in the past, so as to find electrical loads that may have faults. Compared with the existing technology, the monitoring cost of the monitoring system can be greatly reduced.

[0088] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: grouping the loads according to their on / off times, so as to divide the loads into a plurality of load groups, wherein the on / off times of the electrical loads in the same load group are similar; Step 2: For electrical loads in the same load group, when the power-on and power-off of an electrical load are in an asynchronous state for b consecutive cycles, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load is abnormal, and the electrical load is marked as an abnormal load; Step 3: After an electrical load is marked as an abnormal load in step 2, if the deviation between the current and voltage data of the corresponding branch line within the preset time length T1 before the abnormality occurs and the current and voltage data of the corresponding branch line within the preset time length T2 before the abnormality occurs is greater than a preset standard, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load has a fault; The energized working combination refers to a combination of electrical loads that are in the energized working state at the same time, and the electrical loads in the energized working combination belong to the same branch line; the operating parameters include voltage U and current I; wherein T2 is much greater than T1.

2. The intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of dividing each load into several load groups in step 1 is: Obtain the power-on and power-off times of each electrical load within a preset time T in the past; Mark an electrical load as a reference load, mark its power-on time as tij in sequence, and mark its power-off time as tik in sequence, where 1≤i≤n, 1≤j≤m, 1≤k≤a, n represents the number of electrical loads, m represents the number of times the corresponding electrical load has completed power-on actions within the past preset time T, and a represents the number of times the corresponding electrical load has completed power-off actions within the past preset time T; When calculating the correlation coefficient between the reference load and another electrical load, according to the formula The correlation coefficient F between the two electrical loads is calculated; Wherein tj represents the power-on time closest to the corresponding tij in another electrical load, tk represents the power-off time closest to the corresponding tik in another electrical load, and when |tij-tj| is greater than the preset threshold value θ, |tij-tj| takes the value θ, and when |tik-tk| is greater than the preset threshold value θ, |tik-tk| takes the value θ, and θ is the preset threshold value; When the corresponding correlation coefficient F is less than or equal to the preset value F1, it is considered that there is a correlation between the two electrical loads; The loads are grouped according to the correlation coefficient F, and the correlation coefficient F between any two electrical loads in the same load group is less than or equal to a preset value F1.

3. The intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: One cycle refers to the process from power-on to power-off of the overall electrical load in the corresponding load group under normal working conditions; the coverage time of two adjacent cycles is not necessarily equal, and b is a preset value.

4. The intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for determining whether the electrical load is in a synchronous state in step 2 is: For electrical loads in the same load group, within a cycle, when the ratio of the duration of an electrical load being in the power-on state to the duration of the corresponding cycle is less than a preset ratio threshold β1, the corresponding electrical load is considered to be in an asynchronous state.

5. The intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method to determine the start and end time of a cycle of the same load group is: A plane rectangular coordinate system is established with time as the horizontal coordinate and the electrical load as the vertical coordinate, and the power-on time of each electrical load is marked in the plane rectangular coordinate system; Establish two straight lines x=x1 and x=x1+xy, where xy is the preset error duration; When the number of electrical loads u1 covered within the rectangular range formed by x=x1, x=x1+xy, y=0 and y=d satisfies that u1 / u is greater than the preset ratio β2, and u1 takes the maximum value within the range of x1±20min, then fit each point within the rectangular range to obtain a vertical line x=x2 parallel to the y-axis, where x1<x2<x1+xy; the time corresponding to x2 is taken as the starting time of a cycle of the corresponding load group, and then the starting time of each cycle is obtained; All electrical loads are covered between y=1 and y=d, and u is the number of electrical loads in the corresponding load group; Similarly, the termination time of each cycle of the corresponding load group is calculated and obtained according to the above process.

6. The intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, a set of instantaneous voltages Usr are obtained with equal time difference within the past preset time length T1, where r ranges from 1 to e, and e is the number of a set of instantaneous voltage data collected; Get its average operating voltage Up, according to the formula Obtain the fluctuation coefficient F2 of the corresponding power-on working combination within the past preset time T1; The fluctuation coefficient F3 of the corresponding energized working combination within the past T1 range is calculated in the same way; When either F2 is greater than the preset value F2y or F3 is greater than the preset value F3y, it is considered that the corresponding electrical load has a fault, and an alarm message is sent through the alarm unit to remind the staff to handle it in time.

7. The intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the average operating voltage Up is: Within the past preset time length T2, a group of instantaneous voltage data is obtained with equal time difference, the average value of the group of instantaneous voltage data is calculated, and the average value is marked as the average working voltage Up of the corresponding energized working combination.

8. An intelligent monitoring system for electrical loads, used to execute the intelligent monitoring method for electrical loads according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the system comprising: A switch signal acquisition unit, used to acquire switch signals of each electrical load; The operating parameter monitoring unit first divides the electrical loads within the monitoring range into several groups according to the lines they belong to. The electrical loads in each group are on the same branch line. Then, the operating parameter monitoring unit is used to monitor and obtain the operating parameters of each branch line. An alarm unit, used for issuing an alarm message; A data storage unit, used to store information collected by the switch signal collection unit and the operation parameter monitoring unit; The host unit is used to process the electrical load switch signal stored in the data storage unit and the operating parameter monitoring unit to determine the electrical load with fault.

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