Unmanned aerial vehicle vertical descending spray head

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle plant protection, and particularly relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle vertical descending sprayer which comprises a spraying device arranged at the lower end of an unmanned aerial vehicle in a suspended mode, the spraying device comprises a mandrel supported between unmanned aerial vehicle foot stools, supporting rod assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the mandrel, and a rotary rotating sleeve is arranged in the middle of the mandrel in a sleeving mode; the rotary rotating sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the mandrel in a sleeving mode and is in running fit with the mandrel, the rotary rotating sleeve is provided with an annular water collecting cavity communicated with the water inlet channel and a water outlet pipe communicated with the annular water collecting cavity, the water outlet pipe is connected with a liquid spraying pipe, and a bearing assembly and a sealing assembly are arranged between the rotary rotating sleeve and the mandrel. A water inlet pipe opening is formed in the side, away from the rotary rotating sleeve, of the water inlet channel and communicates with a liquid tank arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle through a pesticide conveying pipe. The device is ingenious in structural design, the rotary rotating sleeve can rotate around the central spindle, and the flexible liquid spraying pipe shuttles back and forth between vegetation under the self counter weight; when the unmanned aerial vehicle finishes operation and needs to be stopped, the flexible liquid spraying pipe can slowly fall down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) plant protection, and in particular relates to a UAV vertical drop nozzle. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural plant protection, in addition to traditional manual spraying, drones carrying liquid tanks are used for spraying operations. For some vegetation such as corn, the fruit is located in the middle and lower parts. When spraying, the unmanned plant protection machine in the existing technology only sprays the medicine on the top leaves of the vegetation. The leaves in the middle and lower parts of the vegetation and the leaves on the top and back are not evenly sprayed with medicine, and the medicine cannot penetrate, causing the insects to run under the vegetation. It is impossible to apply the medicine accurately, resulting in a waste of medicine; on the other hand, due to the high price of drones, if the medicine cannot be applied effectively, the cost will increase, and ultimately the growth of plants will be affected. The dense leaves are difficult to penetrate, and the drone needs to fly low to spray the medicine, but this makes the wind field of the drone too large, which is easy to damage the flowers and fruits. In the above application scenarios, the spraying effect and efficiency are not very ideal. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art and achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a vertical drop nozzle for a UAV, including a spraying device suspended at the lower end of the UAV, the spraying device including a core shaft supported between the UAV tripods, elastically adjustable support rod assemblies are arranged on both sides of the core shaft, a rotating sleeve is sleeved on the middle part of the core shaft, a water inlet channel is arranged on the core shaft, the rotating sleeve is sleeved on the outer circle of the core shaft and rotates with the core shaft, the rotating sleeve has an annular water collecting chamber connected to the water inlet channel and a water outlet pipe connected to the annular water collecting chamber, the water outlet pipe is connected to a liquid spray pipe, the water inlet channel is provided with a water inlet pipe port, and the water inlet pipe port is connected to a liquid tank arranged on the UAV through a drug delivery tube.

[0004] The core shaft is a stepped shaft with different diameter sections or is equipped with bevel retaining rings at both ends of the optical axis. When a stepped shaft is used, an annular bevel groove is provided on the outer wall of one side of the small diameter section of the stepped shaft, and the rotary sleeve is installed between the bevel groove and the first step end face of the stepped shaft. A bevel retaining ring is provided in the bevel groove to axially fix the rotary sleeve. When an optical axis is used, bevel grooves are opened on both sides of the core shaft, and bevel retaining rings are provided in the bevel grooves.

[0005] The support rod assembly includes a support rod, a first spring, and a guide cap. The support rod assembly is coaxially arranged on both sides of the core shaft. Stepped holes for accommodating the support rod are respectively provided on both sides of the core shaft. Guide caps are respectively installed on both side ends of the core shaft. A first spring seat is provided on the support rod. The support rod is inserted into the stepped hole through the guide cap. The first spring is clamped between the first spring seat and the second stepped end face of the stepped hole. A clamping joint is provided on the outer end of the support rod, and the clamping joint is provided with a straight groove adapted to the frame.

[0006] A card slot is provided on the inner wall of the stepped hole, and the outer wall of one end of the support rod inserted into the stepped hole is provided with a card block adapted to the card slot, and the card block is located in the card slot.

[0007] The core shaft is provided with a power transmission device, which includes a conductive slip ring, a first conductive voltage plate, and a second conductive voltage plate. The conductive slip ring is embedded in the core shaft, and the first conductive voltage plate and the second conductive voltage plate are respectively installed on the upper end face and the lower end face of the core shaft, and are both overlapped on the conductive slip ring and electrically connected thereto. The first conductive voltage plate is connected to the drone for power supply via a wire, and the other end of the second conductive voltage plate is fixedly connected to the rotary sleeve.

[0008] A frameless motor is fixed on the outer circle side of the core shaft, an L-shaped shifter is fixedly arranged on the outer circle side of the frameless motor, a protruding rod is arranged on the rotary sleeve, and an extension part of the L-shaped shifter is forked with the protruding rod.

[0009] The liquid spray pipe is connected to the water outlet pipe through a movable anti-leakage connecting pipe, and the movable anti-leakage connecting pipe includes a closable male pipe, a closable female pipe and an unlocking sleeve. The closable female pipe is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the other end is connected to the closable male pipe. A connecting key is provided between the outer wall of the closable male pipe and the inner wall of the closable female pipe. A locking piston is provided in the inner cavity of the closable female pipe and the closable male pipe respectively. The unlocking sleeve is provided on the outer surface of the closable female pipe, and the unlocking sleeve is connected through an automatic tripping mechanism. The automatic tripping mechanism includes a fixing component and a driving component.

[0010] The fixing assembly includes a first fixing part and a second fixing part, and the driving assembly includes a motor, a gear, and a rack. The first fixing part is fixedly connected to the water outlet pipe, the motor is installed on one side of the first fixing part and is drivingly connected to the gear, the gear is connected to the motor, the rack is meshed with the gear and driven by the gear, the second fixing part is fixedly connected to the unlocking sleeve and connected to the lower end of the rack, and the automatic tripping mechanism is electrically connected to the power transmission device.

[0011] The fixing assembly includes a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the driving assembly is an electric push rod, the first fixing part is fixedly connected to the water outlet pipe, the electric push rod is installed on one side of the first fixing part, one side of the rod end of the electric push rod is connected to the second fixing part, the second fixing part is fixedly connected to the unlocking sleeve, and the automatic tripping mechanism is electrically connected to the power transmission device.

[0012] A spiral nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the liquid spray pipe, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged in a row on the outer wall of the liquid spray pipe close to the spiral nozzle. The nozzles include mist nozzles, jet nozzles or column nozzles.

[0013] A bearing assembly and a sealing assembly are provided between the rotary sleeve and the core shaft. A group of bearing assemblies are respectively installed at the two side ends of the rotary sleeve, and the sealing assembly is arranged on both sides of the annular water collecting chamber.

[0014] An exhaust hole communicating with the outside is arranged on the inner wall of the stepped hole close to the end.

[0015] The present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects: the device has an ingenious structural design, the core shaft is fixed between the UAV frame through the support rod assembly, the support rod assembly is compressed in the stepped hole through the cooperation of the first spring and the first spring seat, the guide cap plays a role in guiding and fixing the support rod, the cooperation of the card slot and the card block ensures that the core shaft and the support rod assembly remain stationary when the swivel sleeve rotates; the swivel sleeve can rotate around the core shaft, and the lower end of the swivel sleeve is connected to the flexible spray pipe. When the UAV takes off and applies pesticides, the flexible spray pipe arranged at the lower end shuttles between the vegetation under the action of its own counterweight, avoiding the inertia generated by the movement of the UAV causing the spray pipe to be unable to maintain a stretched state; when the UAV operation is completed and needs to be stopped, the flexible spray pipe can fall slowly and will not cause the UAV to explode; the bevel retaining ring provides reliable axial fixation to prevent the bearing assembly from loosening or falling off during work, thereby ensuring the stability of the swivel sleeve. The frameless motor outputs driving force, and the L-shaped dial connected to the external rotating body rotates. As the forked raised rod and the rotary sleeve rotate, the spray pipe body connected to it is actively flipped up to achieve different spraying working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in use state; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a right side view of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view at AA; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the automatic tripping mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the automatic tripping mechanism structure of the invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the support rod structure of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the core shaft structure of the present invention; Fig.11 for Fig.10 Sectional view at DD in the middle; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bevel retaining ring; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle of the present invention; Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-landing state of the UAV of the present invention; Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frameless motor driven raised rod of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1- mandrel; 10- water inlet channel; 11- water inlet pipe port; 12- inclined groove; 13- first step end face; 14- step hole; 141- card slot; 15- second step end face; 16- card joint; 161- straight groove; 17- exhaust hole; 18- filter screen; 2- support rod assembly; 20- support rod; 201- first spring seat; 202- card block; 21- first spring; 22- guide cap; 3- rotary sleeve; 31- annular water collecting chamber; 32- water outlet pipe; 4- bearing assembly; 5- spray pipe; 50- movable anti-leakage connecting pipe; 51-closable male pipe; 52-closable female pipe; 53-unlocking sleeve; 54-spiral nozzle; 55-nozzle; 56-locking piston; 57-blocking plate; 58-second spring; 59-connecting key; 6-bevel retaining ring; 7-sealing assembly; 80-conductive slip ring; 81-first conductive voltage plate; 82-second conductive voltage plate; 9-automatic release mechanism; 91-first fixing part; 92-second fixing part; 93-motor; 94-gear; 95-rack; 96-electric push rod; 100-frameless motor; 101-L-shaped dial; 102-raised rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition to the function of drone spraying for plant protection, the present invention can also be used for drone firefighting.

[0019] like Figure 1-14 As shown, the drone drop nozzle is designed to be used with drones to achieve efficient and accurate spraying operations. The system is mainly composed of a spraying device installed at the bottom of the drone. Its core components include a core shaft 1 fixed between the drone tripods, with elastically adjustable support rod assemblies 2 on both sides, and a rotating sleeve 3 arranged around the middle of the core shaft. A water inlet channel 10 is provided in the core shaft 1, and the rotating sleeve 3 realizes rotational cooperation with the core shaft 1 through the bearing assembly 4 and the sealing assembly 7, and is provided with an annular water collection chamber 31 and a water outlet pipe 32, which are used to distribute the medicine received from the water inlet channel 10 to the spray pipe 5. The sealing assembly 7 is located on both sides of the annular water collection chamber to ensure the sealing during the liquid transmission process and prevent leakage.

[0020] like Fig.10 , 11 As shown, the core shaft 1 adopts a stepped shaft design, wherein the outer side of the small diameter section is provided with a bevel groove 12, which works together with the first step end face 13 to provide axial positioning for the rotating sleeve. At the same time, the core shaft can also adopt an optical axis, with bevel grooves 12 provided on both sides of the optical axis, and bevel retaining rings 6 provided in the bevel grooves. Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in order to ensure the stable installation of the rotating sleeve, bearing assemblies 4 are installed at both ends and further fixed by bevel retaining rings 6.

[0021] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figures 9 and 11, the support rod assembly 2 is composed of a support rod 20, a first spring 21 and a guide cap 22, which are coaxially distributed on both sides of the core shaft 1 and positioned through the stepped hole 14 on the core shaft 1. Each support rod 20 is provided with a first spring seat 201, so that the first spring 21 can be clamped between the first spring seat 201 and the second stepped end face 15 of the stepped hole to provide necessary elastic support. The end of the support rod 20 is provided with a clamping joint 16, on which there is a slot 161, which is convenient for connection with the drone frame. In addition, a clamping block 202 is also provided at one end of the support rod 20, which matches the clamping slot 141 in the stepped hole 14 to ensure that the support rod 20 and the core shaft 1 will not rotate, thereby ensuring that the drug delivery tube and the wire will not be entangled due to the rotation of the core shaft. At the same time, an exhaust hole 17 is opened near the end of the stepped hole 14 to help remove air and avoid the formation of air resistance that affects the smooth push and pull of the support rod.

[0022] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figures 4, 6 and 7, the connection between the liquid spray pipe 5 and the water outlet pipe adopts a movable anti-leakage connecting pipe 50, which includes a closable male pipe 51, a closable female pipe 52 and an unlocking sleeve 53. A connecting key 59 is provided between the outer wall of the closable male pipe and the inner wall of the closable female pipe, and the joints at both ends are fixed circumferentially to prevent the liquid spray pipe from axially rotating during operation. If the liquid spray pipe rotates, the nozzle orientation will be incorrect. The inner cavities of the closable mother tube and the closable male tube are respectively provided with a locking piston, which is respectively installed in the inner cavities formed at the closable mother tube and the closable male tube through the second baffle. A second spring 58 is provided between the locking piston 56 and the baffle 57. When the closable mother tube and the closable male tube are connected, the locking pistons 56 on both sides push against each other and open, so that the liquid medicine can flow out normally. When the closable mother tube 52 and the closable male tube 51 are separated, the locking pistons 56 on both sides respectively block the joints on both sides under the action of the second spring 58 to prevent the liquid medicine from flowing out. This design allows the rapid replacement of the liquid spray tube 5, which improves the operational flexibility. Figure 7 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the automatic release mechanism structure. The unlocking sleeve 53 is connected through the automatic release mechanism 9. The automatic release mechanism 9 is composed of a first fixing part 91, a second fixing part 92, a motor 93, a gear 94 and a rack 95, which can realize remote or automatic operation and facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the liquid spraying pipe 5. Figure 8 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the automatic release mechanism structure. In the second embodiment, the driving component is an electric push rod 96, the first fixed part 91 is fixedly connected to the water outlet pipe 32, the electric push rod 96 is installed on one side of the first fixed part 91, the rod end of the electric push rod 96 is connected to the second fixed part 92, the second fixed part 92 is fixedly connected to the unlocking sleeve 53, and the automatic release mechanism is electrically connected to the power transmission device. When the spray pipe hooks up, the spray pipe can be automatically detached through remote control to ensure the safety of the drone. Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the automatic tripping mechanism is electrically connected to the power transmission device, which includes a conductive slip ring 80, a first conductive voltage plate 81, and a second conductive voltage plate 82. The conductive slip ring 80 is embedded in the core shaft 1, and the first conductive voltage plate 81 and the second conductive voltage plate 82 are respectively installed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the core shaft 1, and are both overlapped on the conductive slip ring 80 and electrically connected thereto. The first conductive voltage plate 81 is connected to the drone through a wire for power supply, and the other end of the second conductive voltage plate 82 is fixedly connected to the rotary sleeve and supplies power to the motor 93.

[0023] like Fig.15As shown, a frameless motor 100 is fixed on the outer circle side of the core shaft 1, and an L-shaped dial 101 is fixedly provided on the outer circle side of the frameless motor 100. A protruding rod 102 is provided on the rotary sleeve 3, and the extension of the L-shaped dial 101 is cross-connected with the protruding rod 102. The frameless motor 100 outputs a driving force, and the L-shaped dial 101 connected to the external rotating body is rotationally connected. As it is cross-connected with the protruding rod 102, the protruding rod 102 drives the rotary sleeve to rotate, so that the tube body of the spray pipe 5 connected thereto is actively flipped up, thereby realizing different spraying working conditions. At the same time, when the position and liquid volume of the medicine box change, it affects the center of gravity of the drone. The rotation of the rotary sleeve 3 is controlled by the frameless motor, thereby playing a role in redistributing the center of gravity of the drone. like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in FIG. 13 , a spiral nozzle 54 is installed at the lower end of the spray pipe 5, and a plurality of nozzles 55 are evenly distributed along the outer wall of the spray pipe. These nozzles 55 can be selected as mist, jet or column nozzles according to the needs to meet different spraying requirements.

[0024] Finally, a filter is installed at the water inlet to effectively filter out impurities and protect the normal operation of the entire spraying device.

Claims

1. A drone drop nozzle includes a spraying device suspended at the lower end of the drone, characterized in that: The spraying device comprises a core shaft (1) supported between the legs of the unmanned aerial vehicle, elastically adjustable support rod assemblies (2) are arranged on both sides of the core shaft, a rotary sleeve (3) is sleeved on the middle part of the core shaft (1), a water inlet channel (10) is arranged on the core shaft, the rotary sleeve (3) is sleeved on the outer circle of the core shaft (1) and rotatably cooperates with the core shaft (1), the rotary sleeve (3) has an annular water collecting chamber (31) communicated with the water inlet channel (10) and a water outlet pipe (32) communicated with the annular water collecting chamber (31), the water outlet pipe is connected to a liquid spray pipe (5), the water inlet channel (10) is provided with a water inlet pipe port (11), and the water inlet pipe port (11) is communicated with a liquid tank arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle through a drug delivery pipe.

2. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core shaft is a stepped shaft with different diameter sections or is provided with bevel retaining rings (6) at both ends of the optical shaft. When a stepped shaft is used, an outer wall of one side of the small diameter section of the stepped shaft is provided with an annular bevel groove (12), the rotary sleeve is installed between the bevel groove (12) and a first step end face (13) of the stepped shaft, and a bevel retaining ring (6) is provided in the bevel groove (12) to axially fix the rotary sleeve. When an optical shaft is used, bevel grooves (12) are provided on both sides of the core shaft, and a bevel retaining ring (6) is provided in the bevel groove (12).

3. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support rod assembly comprises a support rod (20), a first spring (21), and a guide cap (22). The support rod assembly is coaxially arranged on both sides of the core shaft. Stepped holes (14) for accommodating the support rod are respectively provided on both sides of the core shaft. Guide caps (22) are respectively installed on both ends of the core shaft. A first spring seat (201) is provided on the support rod. The support rod passes through the guide cap (22) and is inserted into the stepped hole (14). The first spring is clamped between the first spring seat and a second stepped end face (15) of the stepped hole (14). A clamping joint (16) is provided on the outer end of the support rod. The clamping joint (16) is provided with a slot (161) adapted to the frame.

4. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the stepped hole is provided with a slot (141); the outer wall of one end of the support rod inserted into the stepped hole is provided with a block (202) adapted to the slot (141); the block is located in the slot (141).

5. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power transmission device is arranged on the core shaft, the power transmission device comprising a conductive slip ring (80), a first conductive voltage plate (81), and a second conductive voltage plate (82); the conductive slip ring is embedded in the core shaft; the first conductive voltage plate and the second conductive voltage plate are respectively mounted on the upper end face and the lower end face of the core shaft and are both overlapped on the conductive slip ring and electrically connected thereto; the first conductive voltage plate is connected to the drone via a wire for power supply, and the other end of the second conductive voltage plate is fixedly connected to the rotary sleeve.

6. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A frameless motor (100) is fixed on the outer circumference of the core shaft (1), an L-shaped shifting piece (101) is fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the frameless motor (100), a raised rod (102) is arranged on the rotary sleeve (3), and an extension portion of the L-shaped shifting piece (101) is cross-connected with the raised rod (102).

7. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid spray pipe (5) is connected to the water outlet pipe via a movable anti-leakage connecting pipe (50), the movable anti-leakage connecting pipe comprising a closable male pipe (51), a closable female pipe (52) and an unlocking sleeve (53), the closable female pipe (52) being connected to the water outlet pipe (32) and the other end being connected to the closable male pipe (51), a connecting key (59) being provided between the outer wall of the closable male pipe and the inner wall of the closable female pipe, a locking piston being provided in the inner cavity of the closable female pipe and the closable male pipe respectively, the unlocking sleeve being sleeved on the outer surface of the closable female pipe, the unlocking sleeve being connected via an automatic release mechanism (9), the automatic release mechanism comprising a fixing component and a driving component.

8. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a first fixing part (91) and a second fixing part (92); the driving assembly comprises a motor (93), a gear (94), and a rack (95); the first fixing part (91) is fixedly connected to the water outlet pipe (32); the motor (93) is mounted on one side of the first fixing part (91) and is drivingly connected to the gear (94); the gear (94) is connected to the motor (93); the rack (95) is meshed with the gear (94) and is driven by the gear (94); the second fixing part (92) is fixedly connected to the unlocking sleeve (53) and is connected to the lower end of the rack (95); and the automatic tripping mechanism is electrically connected to the power transmission device.

9. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a first fixing part (91) and a second fixing part (92); the driving assembly is an electric push rod (96); the first fixing part (91) is fixedly connected to the water outlet pipe (32); the electric push rod (96) is mounted on one side of the first fixing part (91); one side of the rod end of the electric push rod (96) is connected to the second fixing part (92); the second fixing part (92) is fixedly connected to the unlocking sleeve (53); and the automatic tripping mechanism is electrically connected to the power transmission device.

10. The drone drop nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral spray head (54) is arranged at the lower end of the spray pipe, and a plurality of spray heads (55) are arranged in a row on the outer wall of the spray pipe close to the spiral spray head. The spray heads include mist nozzles, jet nozzles or column nozzles.

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