Floating system mooring type anti-collision fender capable of automatically alarming and inflating

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating system mooring type anti-collision fender capable of automatically alarming and inflating, which is arranged at the bottom of a bridge tower and comprises a bearing platform, and a hard steel concrete pile, a safety air bag and a high-pressure inflating tank which are arranged on the bearing platform, the hard steel-concrete pile serves as an anchoring object, the safety air bag can be folded or inflated, the safety air bag is connected with the hard steel-concrete pile through a steel strand, and the high-pressure inflation tank is connected with the safety air bag through an air pipe. The high-pressure air inflation tank is controlled by an intelligent monitoring system, and the intelligent monitoring system can control the air inflation behavior of the high-pressure air inflation tank on the safety air bag. Compared with the prior art, instant response can be achieved when a ship approaches, a protection ring is formed, collision energy is effectively absorbed, and direct impact on the bridge pier is reduced; the system is flexible in arrangement and can normally operate under different water levels and environment conditions; the self-floating inflatable air bag and the fixed hard steel concrete pile are used for dual protection; the ship moving direction can be monitored in real time, rapid response is made, and the protection effect and reliability are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction and operation and maintenance, and in particular to a floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatically giving an alarm and automatically inflating. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, bridges have frequently collapsed due to collisions with ships. Once such accidents occur, the entire bridge breaks and enters the water, causing casualties and property losses. As the national economy maintains steady growth, inland waterway transportation has become very busy. The large number of bridges in navigable waters, the low construction standards of old bridges, the increasing size of ships, and the increase in the number of ships have made the navigation environment complex and changeable.

[0003] At present, there are three types of mainstream anti-collision facilities, namely self-floating, fixed and artificial island. The self-floating type uses an elastic anti-collision shell with internal energy dissipation and energy absorption composite materials, which surrounds the bridge piers and rises and falls along the axis of the bridge piers by relying on its own buoyancy, but it is always on the collision surface and can effectively absorb the impact energy. The fixed type is to install hard steel mixed piles around the bridge piers, connect them to the abutment or foundation, and install embedded parts when necessary, which can play a "cofferdam" type of protection to prevent ships from directly hitting the bridge piers. Artificial island anti-collision, as the name suggests, is to fill in small islands around the bridge piers. If a ship sails towards the bridge piers, it will run aground directly on the island. It is suitable for areas with large spans and wide waters. The latter two methods are indirect anti-collision devices, which can prevent the bridge piers from being hit by ships and have a better protection effect. Setting anti-collision devices for bridge piers is itself a way to improve the toughness of bridges.

[0004] However, according to past experience, any single anti-collision facility is often unable to withstand a large impact force; at the same time, for waters with high navigation demand, anti-collision devices will inevitably occupy channel space, resulting in a decrease in navigation capacity. In particular, indirect anti-collision structures such as cofferdam piles and artificial islands are only suitable for shallow water depths, wide channels, and less seawater erosion, but they require more navigation width, are dependent on foundations, and are expensive, so they are not suitable for use when the water level of the bridge is deep. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art such as insufficient efficiency of anti-collision facilities and excessive occupation of navigation space, and to provide a floating moored anti-collision fender that can automatically alarm and automatically inflate, which can respond immediately when a ship approaches, form a protection circle, effectively absorb collision energy, and reduce direct impact on the bridge pier; the system is flexible in layout and can operate normally under different water levels and environmental conditions; it has dual protection of self-floating inflatable airbags and fixed hard steel mixed piles; it can monitor the movement of ships in real time and respond quickly, greatly improving the protection effect and reliability.

[0006] The present invention optimizes the existing anti-collision fenders and adds an intelligent monitoring system to achieve daily anti-collision protection measures for bridge piers, thereby optimizing the problems of insufficient strength and efficiency of conventional anti-collision fenders, and can effectively eliminate the disadvantage of occupying too much water space; when the system predicts that the bridge pier is about to be in danger, the airbags are quickly filled with gas to actively provide multiple protections for the bridge pier, which can take into account both smooth navigation under normal conditions and the safety of the bridge piers under dangerous conditions.

[0007] The present invention provides a floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation, which is arranged at the bottom of a bridge tower and comprises: a cap and a hard steel mixed pile, an airbag and a high-pressure inflation tank arranged on the cap; the hard steel mixed pile is used as an anchor, the airbag can be folded or inflated, the airbag is connected to the hard steel mixed pile through a steel strand, and the high-pressure inflation tank is connected to the airbag through an air pipe;

[0008] The high-pressure gas filling tank is controlled by an intelligent monitoring system, and the intelligent monitoring system can control the inflation behavior of the high-pressure gas filling tank on the airbag; the intelligent monitoring system includes: monitoring equipment arranged on the bridge pier, and a data collection and analysis module.

[0009] Furthermore, the material of the airbag is a composite material made of an outer layer of PVC coated fabric and an inner layer of TPU material, which has the advantages of high strength, weather resistance, wear resistance, tear resistance, etc., and can adapt to harsh environments.

[0010] Furthermore, the hard steel-concrete piles above the cap and the pile foundation below the cap are in the same vertical direction and overlap with each other in a large area. When pouring, they can be poured at the same time according to the situation to improve the integrity.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-pressure air tank is installed in an empty space on the base, and its weight is symmetrically and evenly distributed on the pile foundation.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring equipment is installed on the bridge pier, and the monitoring equipment includes cameras arranged in both upstream and downstream directions to ensure that the image on the ship side can be covered.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent monitoring system includes: a physical layer (sensing layer), a data link layer, a network layer, a transport layer and an application layer. In the data transmission link, considering the harsh and uncertain environment of the bridge, wiring is difficult, so wireless transmission is adopted.

[0014] Furthermore, the intelligent monitoring system can transmit data to a data processing center in real time, thereby analyzing the behavior of passing ships.

[0015] Furthermore, the analysis part of the intelligent monitoring system uses a machine vision algorithm to convert the image into two-dimensional coordinates, thereby analyzing the position and trajectory of the ship and determining whether it has entered a danger zone.

[0016] Furthermore, when the intelligent monitoring system analyzes that a ship has entered a danger zone or is approaching a bridge pier at an abnormal angle and speed, it will transmit a warning signal to the high-pressure air tank to inflate the airbag; when a danger signal is issued, the high-pressure air tank will respond quickly, fill the airbag with air and surround it around the bridge pier; whenever the intelligent monitoring system makes an emergency response, the signal will be sent synchronously to the bridge management center, and the monitoring equipment screen can be displayed visually, prompting technicians to be dispatched for inspection or rescue.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent monitoring system analyzes the location and operation status of the passing ships through image coordinate transformation and "identification" + "tracking". The intelligent monitoring system can convert the picture into a plane coordinate diagram, and assign the real-time coordinates of the ship according to its position in the picture, so as to judge its movement trajectory, speed, distance from the bridge pier, etc. In this case, the real-time positioning method of the ship based on the homography transformation is considered, and other bridge piers or fixed dams are used as control points to solve the homography transformation between the pixel coordinate system in the video image of the fixed camera on the bridge and the 2D geographic coordinate system of the water surface, and combined with the ship video recognition and tracking results, the real-time positioning of the ship is realized.

[0018] The key to solving the homography transformation is to obtain the geographic coordinates of the control points. First, the geometric similarity relationship in photogrammetry technology is used, and the instantaneous world coordinates of all control points are obtained at one time with the help of drone aerial photography and image tilt correction, realizing the conversion of camera coordinate system, image coordinate system and world coordinate system. This real-time ship positioning method, in addition to the fixed camera on the bridge, only needs an aerial image containing the bridge and water surface navigation marks to achieve positioning.

[0019] On this basis, it is necessary to define the behavior of ships, and define the trajectory of ships with a higher risk of collision as abnormal trajectory. It is necessary to determine the safe navigation range for ships crossing the bridge, and on the longitudinal axis of the bridge where the piers are located, the 15-meter range on the navigable side of the two piers and the non-navigable side are both regarded as dangerous areas for ship navigation (which can be set according to specific circumstances). Once a ship enters the dangerous area when crossing the bridge, it is considered to have deviated from the channel and the collision avoidance system needs to be triggered.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The intelligent monitoring and rapid inflation system can respond instantly when a ship approaches, forming a protective circle that effectively absorbs collision energy and reduces direct impact on the bridge piers.

[0022] (2) The inflatable airbag is made of PVC coated fabric and TPU material, which has higher wear resistance, tear resistance and weather resistance, ensuring the long-term durability and stability of the system.

[0023] (3) The system has flexible layout and can operate normally under different water levels and environmental conditions.

[0024] (4) Once the anti-collision system is triggered, it will provide dual protection from self-floating inflatable airbags and fixed hard steel concrete piles, which is more effective than ordinary anti-collision fenders.

[0025] (5) Compared with traditional fenders, the intelligent system occupies less navigation space under normal circumstances and can monitor the movement of ships in real time and respond quickly in dangerous situations, greatly improving the protection effect and reliability, thereby further improving the safety of bridge piers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the long side of the pedestal of a floating moored anti-collision fender which can automatically give an alarm and automatically inflate.

[0027] Figure 2 The short side section of the platform of the floating moored anti-collision fender which can automatically alarm and automatically inflate is shown.

[0028] Figure 3 The invention is a cross-sectional view of the middle height of the airbag of the floating moored anti-collision fender which can automatically alarm and automatically inflate.

[0029] Figure 4 It is the Internet of Things architecture of the intelligent monitoring system.

[0030] Figure numerals: 1-cap, 2-pile foundation, 3-hard steel-concrete pile, 4-bridge tower, 5-air bag, 6-high-pressure air tank, 7-water surface, 8-steel strand, 9-trachea. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms and other features not clearly described in this technical solution are all considered to be common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a floating mooring anti-collision fender that can automatically alarm and automatically inflate, which is arranged at the bottom of the bridge tower 4. Figure 1 , 2, 3, comprising: a cap 1 and a hard steel pile 3, an airbag 5, and a high-pressure gas tank 6 arranged on the cap 1; the hard steel pile 3 is used as an anchor, the airbag 5 can be folded or inflated, the airbag 5 is connected to the hard steel pile 3 through a steel strand 8, and the high-pressure gas tank 6 is connected to the airbag 5 through an air pipe 9; three high-pressure gas tanks 6 are provided. The connecting air pipe 9 has excellent sealing and corrosion resistance; the steel strand 8 has sufficient strength and durability. A part of the airbag 5 is above the water surface 7, and a part is below the water surface 7.

[0034] The high-pressure gas filling tank 6 is controlled by an intelligent monitoring system, and the intelligent monitoring system can control the inflation behavior of the high-pressure gas filling tank 6 to the airbag 5; the intelligent monitoring system includes: monitoring equipment arranged on the pier, data collection and analysis module, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the material of the airbag 5 is a composite material made of an outer layer of PVC coated fabric and an inner layer of TPU material, which has the advantages of high strength, weather resistance, wear resistance, tear resistance, etc., and can adapt to harsh environments.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the hard steel-concrete pile 3 above the cap 1 and the pile foundation 2 below the cap are in the same vertical direction and overlap with each other in a large area. When pouring, they can be poured at the same time to improve integrity.

[0037] In a specific implementation, the high-pressure air tank 6 is installed in an empty space on the base 1 , and its weight is symmetrically and evenly distributed on the pile foundation 2 .

[0038] In a specific implementation, the monitoring device is installed on a bridge pier, and the monitoring device includes cameras arranged in both upstream and downstream directions to ensure that the image on the ship's side can be covered.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the intelligent monitoring system includes: a physical layer (sensing layer), a data link layer, a network layer, a transport layer and an application layer. In the data transmission link, considering the harsh and uncertain environment of the bridge, wiring is difficult, so wireless transmission is adopted.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the intelligent monitoring system can transmit data to a data processing center in real time, so as to analyze the past behavior of ships.

[0041] In a specific implementation, the analysis part of the intelligent monitoring system uses a machine vision algorithm to convert the image into two-dimensional coordinates, thereby analyzing the position and trajectory of the ship and determining whether it has entered a danger zone.

[0042] In a specific implementation, when the intelligent monitoring system analyzes that a ship has entered a danger zone or is heading toward a bridge pier at an abnormal angle and speed, a prompt signal will be transmitted to the high-pressure air tank 6 to inflate the airbag 5; when a danger signal is issued, the high-pressure air tank 6 responds quickly, fills the airbag 5 with air and surrounds the bridge pier; whenever the intelligent monitoring system makes an emergency response, the signal will be synchronously sent to the bridge management center, and the monitoring equipment screen can be displayed visually, prompting technicians to be dispatched for inspection or rescue.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the intelligent monitoring system analyzes the location and operation status of the passing ships through image coordinate transformation and "identification" + "tracking". The intelligent monitoring system can convert the picture into a plane coordinate map, and assign the real-time coordinates of the ship according to its position in the picture, so as to judge its movement trajectory, speed, distance from the bridge pier, etc. In this case, the real-time positioning method of the ship based on the homography transformation is considered, and other bridge piers or fixed dams are used as control points to solve the homography transformation between the pixel coordinate system in the video image of the fixed camera on the bridge and the 2D geographic coordinate system of the water surface, and combined with the ship video recognition and tracking results, the real-time positioning of the ship is realized.

[0044] The key to solving the homography transformation is to obtain the geographic coordinates of the control points. First, the geometric similarity relationship in photogrammetry technology is used, and the instantaneous world coordinates of all control points are obtained at one time with the help of drone aerial photography and image tilt correction, realizing the conversion of camera coordinate system, image coordinate system and world coordinate system. This real-time ship positioning method, in addition to the fixed camera on the bridge, only needs an aerial image containing the bridge and water surface navigation marks to achieve positioning.

[0045] On this basis, it is necessary to define the behavior of ships, and define the trajectory of ships with a higher risk of collision as abnormal trajectory. It is necessary to determine the safe navigation range for ships crossing the bridge, and on the longitudinal axis of the bridge where the piers are located, the 15-meter range on the navigable side of the two piers and the non-navigable side are both regarded as dangerous areas for ship navigation (which can be set according to specific circumstances). Once a ship enters the dangerous area when crossing the bridge, it is considered to have deviated from the channel and the collision avoidance system needs to be triggered.

[0046] Components not described in detail in this embodiment are all existing components that can be purchased through public channels.

[0047] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatically giving an alarm and automatically inflating, arranged at the bottom of a bridge tower (4), characterized in that: include: A cap (1) and a hard steel concrete pile (3), an airbag (5), and a high-pressure gas tank (6) arranged on the cap (1); the hard steel concrete pile (3) serves as an anchor, the airbag (5) can be folded or inflated, the airbag (5) is connected to the hard steel concrete pile (3) via a steel strand (8), and the high-pressure gas tank (6) is connected to the airbag (5) via an air pipe (9); The high-pressure gas filling tank (6) is controlled by an intelligent monitoring system, and the intelligent monitoring system is capable of controlling the inflation behavior of the high-pressure gas filling tank (6) on the safety airbag (5); the intelligent monitoring system comprises: monitoring equipment arranged on the bridge pier, and a data collection and analysis module.

2. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the safety airbag (5) is a composite material made of an outer layer of PVC coated fabric and an inner layer of TPU material.

3. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hard steel-concrete piles (3) above the cap (1) and the pile foundations (2) below the cap are in the same vertical direction and overlap with each other over a large area.

4. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas tank (6) is installed at an empty space on the support platform (1), and its weight is symmetrically and evenly distributed on the pile foundation (2).

5. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring equipment is installed on the bridge pier and includes cameras arranged in both upstream and downstream directions to ensure that the image on the ship side can be covered.

6. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring system comprises: a physical layer, a data link layer, a network layer, a transport layer and an application layer.

7. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring system can transmit data to a data processing center in real time, thereby analyzing the behavior of passing ships.

8. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis part of the intelligent monitoring system uses a machine vision algorithm to convert the image into two-dimensional coordinates, thereby analyzing the position and trajectory of the ship and determining whether it has entered a danger zone.

9. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the intelligent monitoring system analyzes that a ship has entered a danger zone or is heading toward a bridge pier at an abnormal angle and speed, a warning signal is transmitted to the high-pressure air tank (6) to inflate the airbag (5); when a danger signal is issued, the high-pressure air tank (6) responds quickly, fills the airbag (5) with air and surrounds the bridge pier; each time the intelligent monitoring system makes an emergency response, a signal is synchronously sent to the bridge management center, and the monitoring equipment screen can be visualized, prompting technicians to be dispatched for inspection or rescue.

10. The floating moored anti-collision fender capable of automatic alarm and automatic inflation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring system can convert the image into a plane coordinate diagram and assign real-time coordinates to the ship according to its position in the image, thereby determining its movement trajectory, speed, and distance from the bridge pier.

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