Cutting mode intelligent adjusting drill bit

Abstract

The cutting mode intelligent adjusting drill bit comprises an outer layer body, an inner layer body and a telescopic driving assembly, and a containing groove is formed in the center of the outer layer body; the inner layer body is provided with a sliding end and a cutting end, and the sliding end is arranged in the containing groove in a sliding mode. The telescopic driving assembly is connected with the outer layer body and the sliding end and used for driving the sliding end to move. The PDC drill bit has the beneficial effects that the working mode of the PDC drill bit can be selected according to needs, when the drill bit cuts a hard rock stratum, the sliding end is driven by the telescopic driving assembly to move to the first position, and due to the fact that the contact area between the cutting end and the rock stratum is small, the rock breaking efficiency of the hard rock stratum can be improved; when the drill bit cuts a soft rock stratum, the telescopic driving assembly drives the sliding end to move to the second position, at the moment, the tail end of the cutting end is flush with the tail end of the outer layer body, the cutting end and the outer layer body synchronously break rock, the abrasion degree of the cutting end can be reduced, and therefore the service life of the double-step PDC drill bit is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a PDC drill bit, in particular to a cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit, belonging to the technical field of PDC drill bits. Background Art

[0002] The PDC drill bit is a drill bit that uses polycrystalline diamond composite pieces as the main cutting element. When drilling into hard formations, the drilling speed of the PDC drill bit can easily drop rapidly. In order to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the PDC drill bit in hard formations, a two-stage drill bit has emerged. A small drill bit is fixed in the center of the two-stage drill bit, and the outer layer is a large drill bit. When breaking rock, the small drill bit first contacts the rock formation and breaks it, and then the large drill bit continues to expand the wellbore. Since the contact area between the small drill bit and the rock formation is small, this drill bit can better adapt to hard formations and improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the PDC drill bit in hard formations.

[0003] However, due to the complex underground reservoir conditions, many reservoirs are interlaced with hard and soft formations. When breaking rock with this two-stage drill bit, whether in soft or hard formations, the small drill bit in the center breaks the rock first, which will cause serious wear of the small drill bit and shorten the service life of the two-stage drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit to solve the technical problem that the small drill bit of the two-stage PDC drill bit in the prior art is severely worn and the service life of the two-stage drill bit is shortened.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit, comprising:

[0007] An outer layer body, wherein a receiving groove is provided at the center of the outer layer body;

[0008] an inner layer body, the inner layer body having a sliding end and a cutting end, the sliding end being slidably disposed in the receiving groove; and

[0009] A telescopic driving assembly is connected to both the outer layer body and the sliding end, and is used to drive the sliding end to move. When the sliding end is in a first position, the cutting end protrudes from the outer layer body. When the sliding end is in a second position, the end of the cutting end is flush with the end of the outer layer body.

[0010] In some embodiments, a first water collection hole is formed in the outer layer body, and a plurality of first blade wings are formed at the end of the outer layer body, each of the first blade wings is formed with a plurality of first cutting portions, and a first chip removal groove is formed between each two adjacent first blade wings, and the first chip removal groove is provided with a first water outlet hole connected to the first water collection hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, a second water collection hole is formed in the sliding end, a plurality of second blades are formed at the end of the cutting end, a plurality of second cutting portions are formed on each of the second blades, a second chip removal groove is formed between each two adjacent second blades, and a second water outlet hole connected to the second water collection hole is formed on the second chip removal groove;

[0012] A first connecting hole connecting the first water collection hole and the receiving groove is formed in the outer layer body, a second connecting hole connecting the second water collection hole and the receiving groove is formed in the sliding end, and the second connecting hole is coaxially arranged with the first connecting hole.

[0013] In some embodiments, the outer layer body further includes a water pipe, one end of which is fixedly inserted into the first connecting hole, and the other end of which is slidably inserted into the second connecting hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first sealing ring is embedded in the second communicating hole, and the first sealing ring is slidably mounted on the water conduit.

[0015] In some embodiments, a second sealing ring is embedded on the inner wall of the accommodating groove, and the second sealing ring is slidably sleeved on the sliding end.

[0016] In some embodiments, a screw hole is opened at a non-center position of the sliding end, and the telescopic drive assembly includes a telescopic drive motor and a screw rod. The telescopic drive motor is fixedly installed in the accommodating groove, and the output shaft of the telescopic drive motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw rod, and the screw rod is threadedly rotatably connected to the screw hole.

[0017] In some embodiments, a limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the sliding end;

[0018] A first storage groove is formed on the inner side wall of the receiving groove, and a second storage groove is formed on the inner wall of the first storage groove;

[0019] The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit also includes a limiting mechanism, which includes a limiting motor and a limiting cam. The limiting motor is fixedly installed in the second storage slot, and the limiting cam is arranged in the first storage slot and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the limiting motor. When the sliding end is in the first position, the limiting cam can be rotated to the side of the sliding end away from the cutting end and abut against the end surface of the sliding end away from the cutting end. When the sliding end is in the second position, the limiting cam can be rotated into the limiting slot.

[0020] In some embodiments, the cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit further includes a battery, and the battery is electrically connected to both the telescopic drive motor and the limit motor.

[0021] In some embodiments, the cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit further includes a joint, the joint is fixed to the outer layer body, a center hole is opened at the center of the joint, and one end of the center hole is connected to the first water collection hole.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit provided by the present invention are: when in use, the working mode of the PDC drill bit can be selected as needed. When the drill bit cuts hard rock formations, the sliding end is driven to move to the first position by the telescopic drive assembly. At this time, the cutting end protrudes from the outer layer body, and the cutting end first contacts with the rock formation and breaks the rock, and then the outer layer body contacts the rock formation and expands the hole. Since the contact area between the cutting end and the rock formation is small, the rock breaking efficiency of the hard rock formation can be improved; when the drill bit cuts soft rock formations, the sliding end is driven to move to the second position by the telescopic drive assembly. At this time, the end of the cutting end is flush with the end of the outer layer body, and the cutting end and the outer layer body break the rock synchronously, which can reduce the wear of the cutting end and thus extend the service life of the double-stage PDC drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a drill bit with intelligent adjustment of cutting mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent adjustment drill bit after the cutting end extends out of the receiving groove in the cutting mode;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit after the cutting end is retracted into the receiving groove;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle area A;

[0027] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-outer body, 11-receiving groove, 111-first storage groove, 112-second storage groove, 12-first water collection hole, 13-first blade, 131-first cutting part, 14-first chip groove, 15-first water outlet, 16-first connecting hole, 17-water pipe, 18-second sealing ring, 2-inner body, 21-sliding end, 211-second water collection hole, 212-second connecting hole, 213-first sealing ring, 214-screw hole, 215-limiting groove, 22-cutting end, 221-second blade, 2211-second cutting part, 222-second chip groove, 223-second water outlet, 3-telescopic drive assembly, 31-telescopic drive motor, 32-screw, 4-limiting mechanism, 41-limiting motor, 42-limiting cam, 5-battery, 6-connector, 61-center hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the small drill bit of the two-stage PDC drill bit is severely worn and the service life of the two-stage drill bit is shortened, the present invention provides a cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit, which can provide two working mode options for the two-stage PDC drill bit, reduce the wear of the center small drill bit, and extend the service life of the two-stage PDC drill bit.

[0030] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit in one embodiment of the present invention is shown. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit comprises an outer layer body 1, an inner layer body 2 and a telescopic drive assembly 3. A receiving groove 11 is provided at the center of the outer layer body 1;

[0031] The inner layer body 2 has a sliding end 21 and a cutting end 22, and the sliding end 21 is slidably disposed in the receiving groove 11;

[0032] The telescopic driving assembly 3 is connected to both the outer layer body 1 and the sliding end 21, and is used to drive the sliding end 21 to move. When the sliding end 21 is in a first position, the cutting end 22 protrudes from the outer layer body 1. When the sliding end 21 is in a second position, the end of the cutting end 22 is flush with the end of the outer layer body 1.

[0033] When in use, the working mode of the PDC drill bit can be selected as needed. When the drill bit cuts the hard rock formation, the sliding end 21 is driven by the telescopic drive assembly 3 to move to the first position (such as Figure 1), at this time, the cutting end 22 protrudes from the outer layer body 1, and the cutting end 22 first contacts the rock formation and breaks the rock, and then the outer layer body 1 contacts the rock formation and expands the hole. Since the contact area between the cutting end 22 and the rock formation is small, the rock breaking efficiency of the hard rock formation can be improved; when the drill bit cuts the soft rock formation, the sliding end 21 is driven to move to the second position (such as Figure 2 ), at this time, the end of the cutting end 22 is flush with the end of the outer layer 1, and the cutting end 22 and the outer layer 1 break the rock synchronously, which can reduce the wear of the cutting end 22, thereby extending the service life of the two-stage PDC drill bit.

[0034] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 A first water collection hole 12 is formed in the outer layer body 1, and a plurality of first blade wings 13 are formed at the end of the outer layer body 1. A plurality of first cutting portions 131 are formed on each of the first blade wings 13. A first chip removal groove 14 is formed between each two adjacent first blade wings 13. The first chip removal groove 14 is provided with a first water outlet hole 15 connected to the first water collection hole 12.

[0035] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 A second water collection hole 211 is formed in the sliding end 21, a plurality of second blades 221 are formed at the end of the cutting end 22, each of the second blades 221 is formed with a plurality of second cutting portions 2211, a second chip removal groove 222 is formed between each two adjacent second blades 221, and a second water outlet hole 223 communicating with the second water collection hole 211 is formed on the second chip removal groove 222;

[0036] The outer layer 1 has a first connecting hole 16 connecting the first water collection hole 12 and the receiving groove 11 , and the sliding end 21 has a second connecting hole 212 connecting the second water collection hole 211 and the receiving groove 11 . The second connecting hole 212 is coaxially arranged with the first connecting hole 16 .

[0037] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The outer layer body 1 further includes a water pipe 17 , one end of which is fixedly inserted into the first connecting hole 16 , and the other end of which is slidably inserted into the second connecting hole 212 .

[0038] When in use, the drilling fluid in the drill pipe first enters the first water collection hole 12, a part of the drilling fluid is discharged from each first water outlet hole 15, and the other part of the drilling fluid enters the first connecting hole 16, and then enters the second connecting hole 212 through the water guide pipe 17, and then enters the second water collection hole 211, and then is discharged from each second water outlet hole 223. Among them, the setting of the water guide pipe 17 can directly introduce the drilling fluid in the first connecting hole 16 into the second connecting hole 212, thereby preventing the drilling fluid from entering the receiving groove 11 and affecting the sliding effect of the sliding end 21 in the receiving groove 11.

[0039] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The second connecting hole 212 is embedded with a first sealing ring 213, and the first sealing ring 213 is slidably mounted on the water pipe 17. By providing the first sealing ring 213, the drilling fluid in the second connecting hole 212 can be prevented from entering the receiving tank 11 through the gap between the water pipe 17 and the second connecting hole 212.

[0040] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 A second sealing ring 18 is embedded on the inner wall of the receiving groove 11, and the second sealing ring 18 is slidably mounted on the sliding end 21. By providing the second sealing ring 18, external fluid can be prevented from entering the receiving groove 11 through the gap between the receiving groove 11 and the sliding end 21. In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 A screw hole 214 is provided at a non-central position of the sliding end 21, and the telescopic drive assembly 3 includes a telescopic drive motor 31 and a screw rod 32. The telescopic drive motor 31 is fixedly installed in the accommodating groove 11, and the output shaft of the telescopic drive motor 31 is coaxially fixedly connected with the screw rod 32, and the screw rod 32 is threadedly connected to the screw hole 214. When in use, since the screw hole 214 is provided at a non-central position of the sliding end 21, when the telescopic drive motor 31 drives the screw rod 32 to rotate, the screw rod 32 acts on the sliding end 21, and the sliding end 21 cannot rotate around the screw rod 32. Therefore, the rotation of the screw rod 32 can be converted into the movement of the sliding end 21, so that the sliding end 21 can be driven to move by the telescopic drive motor 31, so that the sliding end 21 reaches the first position or the second position, thereby changing the working mode of the drill bit.

[0041] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 4, a limiting groove 215 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding end 21; a first placement groove 111 is provided on the inner wall of the accommodating groove 11, and a second placement groove 112 is provided on the inner wall of the first placement groove 111; the cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit also includes a limiting mechanism 4, the limiting mechanism 4 includes a limiting motor 41 and a limiting cam 42, the limiting motor 41 is fixedly installed in the second placement groove 112, the limiting cam 42 is arranged in the first placement groove 111, and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the limiting motor 41, when the sliding end 21 is in the first position, the limiting cam 42 can be rotated to the side of the sliding end 21 away from the cutting end 22 and abut against the end face of the sliding end 21 away from the cutting end 22 (such as Figure 2 ), so that the sliding end 21 can be blocked to prevent the excessive impact force during rock breaking from damaging the telescopic drive motor 31. When the sliding end 21 is in the second position, the limiting cam 42 can be rotated into the limiting groove 215, so that the sliding end 21 can be limited to prevent the sliding end 21 from moving (such as Figure 3 ).

[0042] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 4 The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill also includes a battery 5, and the battery 5 is electrically connected to the telescopic drive motor 31 and the limit motor 41, so as to facilitate power supply to the telescopic drive motor 31 and the limit motor 41.

[0043] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 4 The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit also includes a joint 6, which is fixed to the outer layer body 1. A center hole 61 is opened in the center of the joint 6, and one end of the center hole 61 is connected to the first water collection hole 12.

[0044] It should be pointed out that there are many ways to determine whether the rock layer where the drill bit is currently located is a soft rock layer or a hard rock layer. For example, it can be determined based on the torque of the drill rod or the speed at which the drill rod is lowered. The rock type at the current depth can also be determined based on the stratigraphic lithology determined by the seismic interpretation profile, thereby determining whether the rock layer where the drill bit is currently located is a soft rock layer or a hard rock layer.

[0045] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 4 The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail:

[0046] When in use, the working mode of the PDC drill bit can be selected as needed. When the drill bit cuts the hard rock formation, the limit motor 41 first drives the limit cam 42 to rotate 180 degrees, so that the limit cam 42 leaves the limit groove 215, and then the sliding end 21 is driven by the telescopic drive motor 31 to move to the first position (such as Figure 1), then the limit motor 41 drives the limit cam 42 to rotate 180° again, so that the limit cam 42 abuts against the end of the sliding end 21. At this time, the cutting end 22 protrudes from the outer layer body 1, and the cutting end 22 first contacts the rock formation and breaks the rock, and then the outer layer body 1 contacts the rock formation and expands the hole. Since the contact area between the cutting end 22 and the rock formation is small, the rock breaking efficiency of the hard rock formation can be improved; when the drill bit cuts the soft rock formation, first the limit motor 41 drives the limit cam 42 to rotate 180°, so that the limit cam 42 leaves the bottom of the end of the sliding end 21, and then the sliding end 21 is driven to move to the second position (such as the second position) by the telescopic drive assembly 3. Figure 2 ), and then the limit motor 41 drives the limit cam 42 to rotate 180° again, so that the limit cam 42 enters the limit groove 215. At this time, the end of the cutting end 22 is flush with the end of the outer layer body 1, and the cutting end 22 and the outer layer body 1 break the rock synchronously, which can reduce the wear of the cutting end 22, thereby extending the service life of the two-stage PDC drill bit.

[0047] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit with intelligent cutting mode adjustment, characterized in that: include: An outer layer body (1), wherein a receiving groove (11) is provided at the center of the outer layer body (1); An inner layer body (2), the inner layer body (2) having a sliding end (21) and a cutting end (22), the sliding end (21) being slidably disposed in the receiving groove (11); as well as, A telescopic drive assembly (3), wherein the telescopic drive assembly (3) is connected to the outer layer body (1) and the sliding end (21), and is used to drive the sliding end (21) to move; when the sliding end (21) is located at a first position, the cutting end (22) protrudes from the outer layer body (1); when the sliding end (21) is located at a second position, the end of the cutting end (22) is flush with the end of the outer layer body (1).

2. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first water collection hole (12) is formed in the outer layer body (1), a plurality of first blades (13) are formed at the end of the outer layer body (1), each of the first blades (13) is formed with a plurality of first cutting portions (131), a first chip removal groove (14) is formed between each two adjacent first blades (13), and the first chip removal groove (14) is provided with a first water outlet hole (15) connected to the first water collection hole (12).

3. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second water collection hole (211) is formed in the sliding end (21), a plurality of second blades (221) are formed at the end of the cutting end (22), each of the second blades (221) is formed with a plurality of second cutting portions (2211), a second chip removal groove (222) is formed between each two adjacent second blades (221), and a second water outlet hole (223) communicating with the second water collection hole (211) is formed in the second chip removal groove (222); A first connecting hole (16) connecting the first water collection hole (12) and the receiving groove (11) is formed in the outer layer (1), and a second connecting hole (212) connecting the second water collection hole (211) and the receiving groove (11) is formed in the sliding end (21), and the second connecting hole (212) and the first connecting hole (16) are coaxially arranged.

4. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer layer body (1) further comprises a water pipe (17), one end of which is fixedly inserted into the first connecting hole (16), and the other end of which is slidably inserted into the second connecting hole (212).

5. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first sealing ring (213) is embedded in the second communication hole (212), and the first sealing ring (213) is slidably sleeved on the water conduit (17).

6. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second sealing ring (18) is embedded on the inner wall of the containing groove (11), and the second sealing ring (18) is slidably sleeved on the sliding end (21).

7. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw hole (214) is provided at a non-central position of the sliding end (21); the telescopic drive assembly (3) comprises a telescopic drive motor (31) and a screw rod (32); the telescopic drive motor (31) is fixedly installed in the accommodating groove (11); the output shaft of the telescopic drive motor (31) is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw rod (32); and the screw rod (32) is threadedly rotatably connected in the screw hole (214).

8. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting groove (215) is provided on the outer side wall of the sliding end (21); A first storage groove (111) is provided on the inner side wall of the containing groove (11), and a second storage groove (112) is provided on the inner wall of the first storage groove (111); The invention also comprises a limiting mechanism (4), wherein the limiting mechanism (4) comprises a limiting motor (41) and a limiting cam (42), wherein the limiting motor (41) is fixedly installed in the second storage groove (112), and the limiting cam (42) is arranged in the first storage groove (111) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the limiting motor (41); when the sliding end (21) is located at the first position, the limiting cam (42) can rotate to the side of the sliding end (21) away from the cutting end (22) and abut against the end surface of the sliding end (21) away from the cutting end (22); when the sliding end (21) is located at the second position, the limiting cam (42) can rotate into the limiting groove (215).

9. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a battery (5), and the battery (5) is electrically connected to the telescopic drive motor (31) and the limit motor (41).

10. The cutting mode intelligent adjustment drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a joint (6), wherein the joint (6) is fixed to the outer layer body (1), a center hole (61) is opened at the center of the joint (6), and one end of the center hole (61) is connected to the first water collection hole (12).

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