Strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupling environment material corrosion experiment device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-intensity magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupling environment material corrosion experiment device and method. The device comprises a pressure water generation device, a pressure water circulation loop, an experiment pipe section, a high-intensity magnetic field generation device and a control and data acquisition system. According to the invention, the corrosion experiment of the material in the 10T-magnitude magnetic field environment can be realized, the influence of the 10T-magnitude high-intensity magnetic field environment on the corrosion effect of the material can be accurately researched, and a reference is provided for the design of a fusion reactor. The outer side of the experimental pipe section is coated with a thermal insulation material, so that the influence of a high-temperature environment on a superconducting material coil of the high-intensity magnetic field generation device can be avoided. The device is suitable for various metal materials and non-metal materials, and by arranging the heating and cooling branch and the experiment branch, the heating and cooling time of material parts for experiments is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the research field of corrosion of fusion reactor structural materials and functional materials, and in particular to a strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device and method. Background Art

[0002] The controlled utilization of nuclear fusion energy is of great significance for solving the energy problem of human society. Fusion reactors will be used to realize the controlled utilization of nuclear fusion energy, confine high-temperature plasma through strong magnetic fields, transfer heat to the outside of the reactor through the water cooling system of the blanket structure, and use the generator set to generate electricity after heat exchange. The pipes of the blanket water cooling system of the fusion reactor are usually made of low-activation steel or stainless steel as structural materials, and high-speed flowing high-temperature and high-pressure water (about 15MPa, 300℃) is used as the cooling medium. The inner wall of the pipe will corrode in the high-temperature and high-pressure water environment. On the one hand, corrosion will damage the inner wall of the pipe and affect the service life of the water cooling system. On the other hand, the corrosion products produced by corrosion will enter the flowing high-temperature and high-pressure water and migrate with it, and react with the high-energy neutrons produced by the fusion reaction to generate radioactive activated corrosion products, which will threaten the safety of personnel and the environment. In the current plan, future fusion reactors can generate strong magnetic fields up to 10 T for controlling high-temperature plasma. In addition to high-temperature plasma, the blanket of the fusion reactor and its included water cooling system are also in a strong magnetic field environment. Correspondingly, the corrosion process of the cooling system pipes will also take place in a strong magnetic field environment. According to research results in other fields, the magnetic field environment may promote or inhibit the corrosion process of materials, but the conclusion is not clear. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of a 10T strong magnetic field environment on the corrosion effect of materials. Due to the lack of strong magnetic field experimental conditions, research on material corrosion in a 10T magnetic field environment is very scarce, especially the lack of research on material corrosion in an environment where high temperature and high pressure water is coupled with a 10T strong magnetic field. A 10T strong magnetic field needs to be generated by a superconducting coil in an extremely low temperature environment, and the high temperature experimental environment of high temperature and high pressure water will affect the operation of the superconducting coil. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, study the material corrosion in the coupled environment of high temperature and high pressure water and 10T strong magnetic field, and further clarify the influence of 10T strong magnetic field environment on the material corrosion effect, the present invention provides a strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device and method, realize the material corrosion experiment in 10T magnetic field environment, which is conducive to accurately study the influence of 10T strong magnetic field environment on the material corrosion effect, and provide reference for the design of fusion reactor. The present invention can be used for various metal materials and non-metal materials, and by setting the heating and cooling branch and the experimental branch, the heating and cooling time of the material components used for the experiment can be shortened.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device, comprising a pressure water generating device, a pressure water circulation loop, an experimental pipe section, a strong magnetic field generating device and a control and data acquisition system; the outer side of the experimental pipe section is coated with a heat insulating material and inserted into the cylindrical space of the strong magnetic field generating device; the control and data acquisition system is connected to the pressure water generating device and the strong magnetic field generating device; the high temperature and high pressure water generated by the pressure water generating device enters the pressure water circulation loop and further enters the experimental pipe section, and the experimental pipe section will be corroded in the high temperature and high pressure water environment, and then the high temperature and high pressure water returns to the pressure water circulation loop and the pressure water generating device in turn to realize the circulation of the high temperature and high pressure water; the data acquisition system 5 is connected to the pressure gauge and the flow meter via a data line or a wireless signal to record the readings; the data acquisition system is connected to the thermocouple via a data line or a wireless signal to control the heating power.

[0006] The present invention also provides an experimental method for a strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Determine the material properties and classify them into two categories: metal structural materials that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water, and other materials.

[0008] Step S2: connecting the heating and cooling branch and the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop to perform a sealing test on the experimental device;

[0009] Step S3: adding the experimental solution to the high-temperature and high-pressure water generating device, turning on the high-temperature pump, and filling the pressure water circulation loop with the experimental solution; closing the experimental branch, turning on the heating module of the pressure water generating device, and heating the high-temperature and high-pressure water generating device;

[0010] Step S4: When the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution measured at the experimental pipe section reach the predetermined temperature and pressure, the strong magnetic field generating device is turned on, and the magnetic field strength starts to increase from 0. After the magnetic field strength reaches the magnetic field strength required for the experiment, the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop is opened, and the temperature rise and fall branch is closed; when the readings of a thermocouple and a pressure gauge of the experimental branch reach the predetermined temperature and pressure that the experimental material can withstand, the corrosion experiment begins; the control and data acquisition system adjusts the power of the heating module to keep the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution constant;

[0011] Step S5: After the time for which the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution are kept constant is over, the heating and cooling branch of the pressure water circulation loop is opened, the experimental branch is closed, and the pressure reducing valve of the experimental branch is opened. When the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution in the experimental branch are the same as those in the outside, the remaining experimental solution in the experimental branch is discharged, the experimental pipe section is disassembled, and the corrosion experiment is ended;

[0012] Step S6: the control and data acquisition system adjusts the power of the heating module to reduce the temperature of the pressure water generating device; when the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution in the pressure water generating device and the heating and cooling branches of the pressure water circulation loop are the same as those of the outside, the high temperature pump is turned off;

[0013] Step S7: The tubular sample is directly taken out from the experimental pipe section, the heat insulation material is removed, and after being fully dried in a vacuum drying oven, the mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001 g, and the mass change before and after the corrosion experiment is calculated. The sample pipe is then cut into two pieces of the same size and shape along the axial direction to expose the inner wall of the pipe;

[0014] Step S8: Analyze the sample.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention realizes the corrosion experiment of materials in a 10T magnetic field environment, which is conducive to accurately studying the influence of a 10T strong magnetic field environment on the corrosion effect of materials. The present invention provides experimental conditions for evaluating the corrosion of materials under strong magnetic field conditions, especially under strong magnetic field conditions of fusion reactors, and provides a reference for the design of fusion reactors.

[0017] 2. The outside of the experimental tube section is covered with thermal insulation material to prevent the high temperature environment from affecting the superconducting material coil of the strong magnetic field generating device.

[0018] 3. Experimental pipe sections made directly from metal structural materials that can withstand high-temperature and high-pressure water can accurately evaluate the corrosion effects of metal pipes flowing with high-temperature and high-pressure water.

[0019] 4. In addition to metal structural materials that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water, other materials, such as but not limited to non-metallic material coatings, can also use this device to conduct high temperature and high pressure water corrosion experiments in a strong magnetic field environment.

[0020] 5. The pressure water circulation loop is divided into a heating and cooling branch and an experimental branch. The experimental branch can be kept at room temperature while waiting for the pressure water to heat up. When the temperature and pressure of the experimental solution in the pressure water generating device reaches 20MPa and 400℃, the experimental branch is connected to achieve the temperature and pressure of the pressure water passing through the experimental branch quickly reaching 20MPa and 400℃, and then the corrosion time is calculated. After the experiment, the pressure reducing valve is used to quickly release the pressure water in the experimental branch separately, which can minimize the interference of the heating and cooling time on the corrosion time calculation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device of the present invention;

[0022] Among them, the accompanying drawings are marked as: 1. pressure water generating device; 2. pressure water circulation loop; 3. experimental pipe section; 4. strong magnetic field generating device; 5. control and data acquisition system; V1-V7. 1st valve-7th valve; G. high temperature pump; P1-P3. 1st pressure gauge-3rd pressure gauge; T1-T4. 1st thermocouple-4th thermocouple; F1-F2. 1st flow meter-2nd flow meter; FL1. 1st filter; FL2. 2nd filter; PRV. pressure reducing valve; E1-E3. 1st bursting valve-3rd bursting valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupling environment material corrosion experimental device of the present invention comprises a pressure water generating device 1, a pressure water circulation loop 2, an experimental pipe section 3, a strong magnetic field generating device 4 and a control and data acquisition system 5. The outer side of the experimental pipe section 3 is coated with a heat insulating material and inserted into the cylindrical space of the strong magnetic field generating device 4. The control and data acquisition system 5 is connected to the pressure water generating device 1 and the strong magnetic field generating device 4. The high temperature and high pressure water generated by the pressure water generating device 1 enters the pressure water circulation loop 2 and further enters the experimental pipe section 3. The experimental pipe section 3 will be corroded in the high temperature and high pressure water environment, and then the high temperature and high pressure water returns to the pressure water circulation loop 2 and the pressure water generating device 1 in sequence to realize the circulation of high temperature and high pressure water. The data acquisition system 5 is connected to the first pressure gauge P1, the second pressure gauge P2, the third pressure gauge P3, the first flow meter F1, and the second flow meter F2 through a data line or a wireless signal to record the readings. The data acquisition system 5 is connected to the first thermocouple T1 , the second thermocouple T2 , the third thermocouple T3 , and the fourth thermocouple T4 via data lines or wireless signals to control the heating power.

[0025] The pressure water generating device 1 is installed with the first pressure gauge P1, the first thermocouple T1 and the first bursting valve E1; the first valve V1 to the seventh valve V7, the high-temperature pump G, the second pressure gauge P2, the third pressure gauge P3, the second thermocouple T2, the third thermocouple T3, the first flow meter F1, the second flow meter F2, the first filter FL1, the second filter FL2, the second bursting valve E2, the third bursting valve E3 and the pressure reducing valve PRV are installed in the pressure water circulation loop 2; the fourth thermocouple T4 is installed in the experimental pipe section 3.

[0026] The pressure water generating device 1 comprises a pressure autoclave and a heating module, which heats the experimental solution and can generate high-temperature and high-pressure water with a maximum pressure of 20 MPa and 400° C.

[0027] The experimental solution refers to an aqueous solution prepared according to the needs of the experimenter, containing one or more solutes, having a specific pH value, and having a specific oxygen content.

[0028] The strong magnetic field generating device 4 comprises a superconducting coil, a cooling system, a Tesla meter or a Gauss meter. The superconducting coil is made of a superconducting wire and is cooled by liquid helium. The superconducting coil encloses a cylindrical space with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm. After the superconducting coil is energized, a 15T magnetic field environment parallel to the cylindrical axis can be generated in the cylindrical space by adjusting the current intensity, and the Tesla meter or Gauss meter can measure the magnetic field intensity in the cylindrical space.

[0029] The pressure water circulation loop 2 includes a high temperature pump G, a second thermocouple T2, a third thermocouple T3, a second pressure gauge P2, a third pressure gauge P3, a second pressure relief valve E2, a third pressure relief valve E3, and a pipeline for connecting the pressure water generating device 2 and the experimental pipe section 3, which is used to drive the high temperature and high pressure water to circulate uninterruptedly between the pressure water generating device 1 and the experimental pipe section 3, control the flow rate of the circulating high temperature and high pressure water, and timely release the pressure when the pressure of the experimental device exceeds the safety threshold to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. The pressure water circulation loop 2 is divided into two branches, namely the temperature rise and fall branch and the experimental branch. Among them, the temperature rise and fall branch includes the second valve V2, the third valve V3 and the pipeline between the two. The experimental branch includes the fifth valve V5, the sixth valve V6, the seventh valve V7, the second flow meter F2, the third thermocouple T3, the third pressure gauge P3, the pressure reducing valve PRV, the third bursting valve E3, the first filter FL1, the second filter FL2 and the pipeline connecting the above components. The pipe of the pressure water circulation loop 2 is coated with heat-insulating material, and the inner diameter of the pipe is 15 mm.

[0030] The control and data acquisition system 5 is connected to the pressure water generating device 1, the strong magnetic field generating device 4, the first pressure gauge P1-the third pressure gauge P3, the first thermocouple T1-the fourth thermocouple T4, the first flow meter F1, and the second flow meter F2. It can adjust the power of the heating module in the pressure water generating device 1 and the current intensity in the superconducting coil of the strong magnetic field generating device 4, and can record the readings of the first pressure gauge P1-the third pressure gauge P3, the first thermocouple T1-the fourth thermocouple T4, the first flow meter F1, the second flow meter F2 and the Tesla meter or Gauss meter of the strong magnetic field generating device 4 in real time, and record the time when the corresponding readings are generated accordingly.

[0031] The present invention also provides an experimental method based on a strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step S1: Determine the material properties and classify them into two categories: metal structural materials that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water, and other materials. The metal structural material that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water is made into a tube with a length of 150mm, an inner diameter of 15mm and an outer diameter of 25mm, which is called a "tubular sample". The mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001g, and the outside is covered with thermal insulation material. It is used as an experimental pipe section and connected to the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop 2; other materials are made into 8 sheets of 10mm×10mm×2mm, which are called "sheet samples". The mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001g, and they are loaded into a Hastelloy tube with an inner diameter of 150mm, an inner diameter of 15mm and an outer diameter of 25mm. Ceramic gaskets are used to separate samples from each other, and ceramic gaskets are used to separate samples from the Hastelloy tube. The installation direction of the ceramic gasket should not hinder the flow of pressure water, and the outside of the Hastelloy tube is covered with thermal insulation material. The Hastelloy tube, together with the sample and ceramic gasket installed inside, is connected to the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop 2 as the experimental pipe section 3.

[0033] Step S2: Connect the heating and cooling branch and the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop 2 to perform a sealing test on the experimental device.

[0034] Step S3: Add the experimental solution to the pressure water generating device 1, turn on the high temperature pump G, and fill the pressure water circulation loop 2 with the experimental solution. Close the experimental branch, turn on the heating module of the pressure water generating device 1, and heat the pressure water generating device 1.

[0035] Step S4: When the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution measured at the experimental pipe section 3 reach the predetermined temperature and pressure, the strong magnetic field generating device 4 is turned on, and the magnetic field strength starts to increase from 0. After the magnetic field strength reaches 10T, the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop 2 is opened, and the temperature rise and fall branch is closed. When the readings of the third thermocouple T3 and the third pressure gauge P3 of the experimental branch reach the pressure and temperature that the experimental material can withstand, the corrosion experiment begins. The control and data acquisition system 5 keeps the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution constant by adjusting the power of the heating module. The experimenter can adjust the high-temperature pump G as needed to make the second flowmeter F2 reach a specific reading, and can set the time for the pressure and temperature of the ionized water to remain constant as needed.

[0036] Step S5: After the time for which the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution are kept constant is over, the heating and cooling branch of the pressure water circulation loop 2 is opened, the experimental branch is closed, and the pressure reducing valve PRV of the experimental branch is opened. When the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution in the experimental branch are the same as those in the outside, the remaining experimental solution in the experimental branch is discharged, and the experimental pipe section 3 is disassembled. The corrosion experiment is finished.

[0037] Step S6: The control and data acquisition system 5 adjusts the power of the heating module to reduce the temperature of the pressure water generating device 1. When the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution in the heating and cooling branches of the pressure water generating device 1 and the pressure water circulation loop 2 are the same as those in the outside, the high temperature pump G is turned off and the experiment ends.

[0038] Step S7: The tubular sample is directly taken out from the experimental pipe section 3, the heat insulation material is removed, and after being fully dried in a vacuum drying oven, the mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001g, and the mass change before and after the corrosion experiment is calculated, and then the sample pipe is cut into two pieces of the same size and shape along the axial direction to expose the inner wall of the pipe. For the sheet sample, firstly, the Hastelloy alloy pipe is taken out from the experimental pipe section, and then the sheet sample is taken out from the Hastelloy alloy pipe, and after being fully dried in a vacuum drying oven, the mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001g, and the mass change before and after the corrosion experiment is calculated.

[0039] Step S8: Analyze the sample, including but not limited to: observe the macroscopic morphology of the tubular sample or sheet sample after corrosion, including color, color distribution, and distribution of non-uniform corrosion areas. Use a scanning electron microscope to observe the microscopic morphology of the sample surface, use an energy spectrometer to analyze the elemental composition and distribution of the sample surface, and use an X-ray diffractometer to analyze the phase. Extract the experimental solution sample from the pressure water generation device, measure the conductivity, and use an inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometer to analyze the composition and content of the dissolved elements in the experimental solution. Collect the corrosion product particles in the filter, use an X-ray diffractometer to analyze the phase, and use an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer to analyze the elemental composition and valence state.

[0040] Preferably, the person using the experimental device can set the temperature of the experimental solution to any temperature higher than room temperature and not exceeding 400° C., and the pressure to any pressure higher than atmospheric pressure and not exceeding 20 MPa according to the needs of the experiment.

[0041] Example:

[0042] Take the experiment of corroding 316 stainless steel tubular sample with 15MPa and 300℃ deionized water with magnetic field intensity of 15T, corrosion time of 2h and flow rate of 0.1m / s as an example. First, the performance of 316 stainless steel is determined to be a metal structural material that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water. 316 stainless steel is made into a tube with a length of 150mm, an inner diameter of 15mm and an outer diameter of 25mm. The mass is accurately measured to 0.0001g. It is used as the experimental pipe section 3 and connected to the pressure water circulation loop 2. The 1st valve V1-the 6th valve 6 is opened, and the 7th valve V7 is closed. The sealing of the experimental device is tested.

[0043] Add room temperature deionized water to the pressure water generating device 1, and turn on the high temperature pump G. After the readings of the first flow meter F1 and the second flow meter F2 are stable, close the fifth valve V5-the sixth valve 6, turn on the heating module of the pressure water generating device 1, and the pressure water generating device 1 is heated. When the readings of the first pressure gauge P1 and the first thermocouple T1 are 15MPa and 300℃, turn on the strong magnetic field generating device 4, and the magnetic field strength starts to increase from 0. After the magnetic field strength reaches 15T, open the fifth valve V5 and the sixth valve V6, and close the second valve V2 and the third valve V3. When the readings of the third pressure gauge P3 and the fourth thermocouple T4 are 15MPa and 300℃, the corrosion experiment begins. The control system 5 keeps the deionized water pressure and temperature constant by adjusting the power of the heating module. By adjusting the high temperature pump G, the reading of the second flow meter F2 reaches 0.1 m / s, and the deionized water pressure and temperature are kept constant for 2 h. Open the second valve V2 and the third valve V3, close the fifth valve V5 and the sixth valve V6, open the pressure reducing valve PRV, and when the readings of the third pressure gauge P3 and the fourth thermocouple T4 are the same as those of the outside world, open the seventh valve V7, drain the remaining deionized water in the experimental branch, and disassemble the experimental pipe section 3. The corrosion experiment is over.

[0044] The control and data acquisition system 5 adjusts the power of the heating module to reduce the temperature of the pressure water generating device 1. When the readings of the second pressure gauge P2 and the second thermocouple T2 reach room temperature, the high temperature pump G is turned off.

[0045] The tubular sample of 316 stainless steel was taken out directly from the experimental pipe section 3, and after being fully dried in a vacuum drying oven, the mass was accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001g, and the mass change before and after the corrosion experiment was calculated. Then the sample pipe was cut into two pieces of the same size and shape along the axial direction to expose the inner wall of the pipe. The macroscopic morphology of the tubular sample after corrosion was observed, including the color, the distribution of the color, and the distribution of the non-uniform corrosion area. The microscopic morphology of the sample surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope, the elemental composition and distribution of the sample surface were analyzed using an energy spectrometer, and the physical phase was analyzed using an X-ray diffractometer. The deionized water sample in the pressure water generating device 1 was extracted, the conductivity was measured, and the elemental composition and content dissolved in the deionized water were analyzed using an inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometer. The corrosion product particles in the first filter FL1 and the second filter FL2 were collected, and the physical phase was analyzed using an X-ray diffractometer, and the elemental composition and valence state were analyzed using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer.

[0046] In this embodiment, an experiment was conducted in which a tubular sample of 316 stainless steel was corroded by deionized water at 15 MPa and 300°C with a corrosion time of 2 h and a flow rate of 0.1 m / s in a 15 T strong magnetic field environment. This experiment is helpful for accurately evaluating the influence of a 15 T strong magnetic field environment similar to that of a fusion reactor on the corrosion effect of 316 stainless steel under the working conditions of a fusion reactor cooling system, and provides a reference for the design of fusion reactors.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the number, orientation or positional relationship of each component shown in the drawings is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific number, a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Although the specific implementation method of the present invention is described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that these are only examples, and various changes or modifications can be made to these implementations without departing from the principles and implementations of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device, characterized in that: It includes a pressure water generating device, a pressure water circulation loop, an experimental pipe section, a strong magnetic field generating device and a control and data acquisition system; the outer side of the experimental pipe section is coated with a heat-insulating material and inserted into the cylindrical space of the strong magnetic field generating device; the control and data acquisition system is connected to the pressure water generating device and the strong magnetic field generating device; the high-temperature and high-pressure water generated by the pressure water generating device enters the pressure water circulation loop and further enters the experimental pipe section, and the experimental pipe section will be corroded in the high-temperature and high-pressure water environment, and then the high-temperature and high-pressure water returns to the pressure water circulation loop and the pressure water generating device in turn to realize the circulation of the high-temperature and high-pressure water; the data acquisition system 5 is connected to the pressure gauge and the flow meter via a data line or a wireless signal to record the readings; the data acquisition system is connected to the thermocouple via a data line or a wireless signal to control the heating power.

2. The strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure water generating device includes a pressure autoclave and a heating module, which heats the experimental solution and can generate high-temperature and high-pressure water with a maximum pressure of 20 MPa and 400°C.

3. The strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strong magnetic field generating device comprises a superconducting coil, a cooling system, a Tesla meter or a Gauss meter; the superconducting coil is made by winding a superconducting wire and is cooled by liquid helium; the superconducting coil encloses a cylindrical space with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm; after the superconducting coil is energized, a 15T magnetic field environment parallel to the cylindrical axis can be generated in the cylindrical space by adjusting the current intensity, and the Tesla meter or Gauss meter is used to measure the magnetic field intensity in the cylindrical space.

4. The strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure water circulation loop includes a high-temperature pump G, multiple thermocouples T2, multiple pressure gauges, multiple pressure relief valves and a pipeline for connecting the pressure water generating device and the experimental pipe section, which is used to drive the high-temperature and high-pressure water to circulate uninterruptedly between the pressure water generating device and the experimental pipe section, control the flow rate of the circulating high-temperature and high-pressure water, and timely release the pressure when the pressure of the experimental device exceeds the safety threshold to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

5. The strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure water circulation loop comprises an experimental branch and a temperature rise and fall branch. The experimental pipe section is connected to the experimental branch and inserted into the cylindrical space enclosed by the superconducting coil of the strong magnetic field generating device.

6. The strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control and data acquisition system is connected to a pressure water generating device, a strong magnetic field generating device, and a plurality of pressure gauges, a plurality of thermocouples, and a plurality of flow meters. The control and data acquisition system can adjust the power of the heating module in the pressure water generating device and the current intensity in the superconducting coil of the strong magnetic field generating device, and record the readings of the Tesla meters or Gauss meters of the plurality of pressure gauges, a plurality of thermocouples, a plurality of flow meters, and the strong magnetic field generating device in real time, and record the time when the corresponding readings are generated accordingly.

7. The experimental method of the strong magnetic field-high temperature and high pressure water coupled environment material corrosion experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Determine the material properties and classify them into two categories: metal structural materials that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water, and other materials. Step S2: connecting the heating and cooling branch and the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop to perform a sealing test on the experimental device; Step S3: adding the experimental solution to the high-temperature and high-pressure water generating device, turning on the high-temperature pump, and filling the pressure water circulation loop with the experimental solution; closing the experimental branch, turning on the heating module of the pressure water generating device, and heating the high-temperature and high-pressure water generating device; Step S4: When the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution measured at the experimental pipe section reach the predetermined temperature and pressure, the strong magnetic field generating device is turned on, and the magnetic field strength starts to increase from 0. After the magnetic field strength reaches the magnetic field strength required for the experiment, the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop is opened, and the temperature rise and fall branch is closed; when the readings of a thermocouple and a pressure gauge of the experimental branch reach the predetermined temperature and pressure that the experimental material can withstand, the corrosion experiment begins; the control and data acquisition system adjusts the power of the heating module to keep the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution constant; Step S5: After the time for which the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution are kept constant is over, the heating and cooling branch of the pressure water circulation loop is opened, the experimental branch is closed, and the pressure reducing valve of the experimental branch is opened. When the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution in the experimental branch are the same as those in the outside, the remaining experimental solution in the experimental branch is discharged, the experimental pipe section is disassembled, and the corrosion experiment is ended; Step S6: the control and data acquisition system adjusts the power of the heating module to reduce the temperature of the pressure water generating device; when the pressure and temperature of the experimental solution in the pressure water generating device and the heating and cooling branches of the pressure water circulation loop are the same as those of the outside, the high temperature pump is turned off; Step S7: The tubular sample is directly taken out from the experimental pipe section, the heat insulation material is removed, and after being fully dried in a vacuum drying oven, the mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001 g, and the mass change before and after the corrosion experiment is calculated. The sample pipe is then cut into two pieces of the same size and shape along the axial direction to expose the inner wall of the pipe; Step S8: Analyze the sample.

8. The experimental method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 1, the metal structural material that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water should ensure that it can withstand a predetermined temperature and pressure of 20 MPa and 400° C., and the experimental solution can be deionized water; In the step 1, the metal structural material that can withstand high temperature and high pressure water is made into a tube with a length of 150 mm, an inner diameter of 15 mm, and an outer diameter of 25 mm, which is called a "tubular sample". The mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001 g, and the outer side is coated with a thermal insulation material to serve as an experimental pipe section, which is connected to the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop; other materials are made into 8 sheets of 10 mm×10 mm×2 mm, which are called "sheet samples", and the mass is accurately measured to an accuracy of 0.0001 g. They are loaded into a Hastelloy tube with an inner diameter of 150 mm, an inner diameter of 15 mm, and an outer diameter of 25 mm. The samples are separated from each other by ceramic gaskets, and the samples are separated from the Hastelloy tube by ceramic gaskets; the installation direction of the ceramic gasket should not hinder the flow of pressure water, and the outer side of the Hastelloy tube is coated with a thermal insulation material; the Hastelloy tube, together with the sample and ceramic gasket installed inside, is connected to the experimental branch of the pressure water circulation loop as an experimental pipe section.

9. The experimental method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 7, for the sheet sample, first take out the Hastelloy tube from the experimental tube section, then take out the sheet sample from the Hastelloy tube, and after fully drying in a vacuum drying oven, accurately measure the mass to an accuracy of 0.0001g, and calculate the mass change before and after the corrosion experiment.

10. The experimental method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step 8 includes: observing the macroscopic morphology of the corroded tubular sample or sheet sample, including the color, the distribution of the color, and the distribution of the non-uniform corrosion area; observing the microscopic morphology of the sample surface using a scanning electron microscope, analyzing the element composition and distribution of the sample surface using an energy spectrometer, and analyzing the physical phase using an X-ray diffractometer; extracting the experimental solution sample from the pressure water generating device, measuring the conductivity, and analyzing the element composition and content dissolved in the experimental solution using an inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometer. Collecting the corrosion product particles in the filter, analyzing the physical phase using an X-ray diffractometer, and analyzing the element composition and valence state using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer.

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