A tool machining method and a tool

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of metal milling processing, and discloses a cutter processing method, which comprises the following steps: rough processing: processing a first cutting surface, a second cutting surface and a ball head part formed behind a back of a tool tip spade on an end part of a bar, and processing a ball cutter body formed after a chip pocket is processed on the bar, an end edge is formed between the first cutting surface and a notch of the chip pocket, and a plurality of the end edges are circumferentially arranged on the ball head part; and finish processing: detecting an outer peripheral appearance of the ball head part at the end edge, then using a first grinding wheel to finish grinding the end edge, detecting the outer peripheral appearance of the ball head part again after finish grinding is completed, and until the outer peripheral appearances of the end edges are consistent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal milling processing, in particular to a tool machining method and tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing ball cutter, the profile of the ball head part of the ball cutter is not consistent at each position, which is usually manifested as that the front end R angle is concave and the rear end R angle is convex or the front end R angle is convex and the rear end R angle is concave, so that the ball cutter cannot meet the requirement of keeping the profile consistent at each position for high-precision parts and products, and in the prior art, in order to correct the profile of the ball cutter, the profile increment of the ball head part of the ball cutter at each different position is measured first, the difference between each position and the predetermined R angle is found out, and then the grinding wheel is used to correct each position of the ball head.

[0003] However, if the entire outer periphery of the ball cutter is measured and corrected, a large area is involved and a lot of time is consumed, which is not conducive to quickly correcting the ball cutter, and therefore there is an urgent need for a tool machining method capable of quickly correcting the tool and reducing the inconsistency of the profile increment at each position of the ball cutter. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a tool machining method and tool to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a tool machining method comprising the following steps:

[0006] The tool machining method provided by the present application comprises the following steps:

[0007] Coarse machining: a first cutting surface, a second cutting surface and a ball head part formed behind a chisel back of a tool tip are machined at an end of a bar material, a ball cutter body is formed after a chip pocket is machined on the bar material, an end edge is formed between the first cutting surface and a slot opening of the chip pocket, and a plurality of end edges are arranged on the ball head part in a circumferential direction.

[0008] Fine machining: the outer periphery profile of the ball head part at the end edge is detected, a first grinding wheel is used to fine grind the end edge, the outer periphery profile of the ball head part is detected again after the fine grinding is completed, and the outer periphery profile of the end edge is consistent in profile increment until the fine grinding is completed.

[0009] The technical solution at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] In the manufacturing of the ball cutter body, the end edge as the cutting part is located at the outermost side of the ball cutter body by cutting out the first cutting surface and the second cutting surface, at this time, the R angle of the ball head part can be corrected by fine grinding the end edge, without the need for circumferential correction of the whole ball head part, greatly reducing the correction workload, focusing more efficiently and accurately on the key part affecting the R angle accuracy, making the R angle correction accuracy easier to control, and finally achieving the ideal R angle profile accuracy requirement.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the method for fine grinding the end edge by using the first grinding wheel comprises: after detecting the outer peripheral morphology of the ball head part, obtaining a first protruding morphology profile curve and a second recessed morphology profile curve, superimposing the first morphology profile curve and the second morphology profile curve, taking the intersection point as a morphology intersection point, taking the front and rear sections of the end edge from the morphology intersection point as two working sections, taking the R angle radius of the working section with the shorter R angle radius as the correction radius, and making the first grinding wheel act on the other working section and correct it with the correction radius.

[0012] In the past, when correcting the ball cutter, the concave-convex amount of each part needs to be directly measured, which means that a large amount of data information needs to be obtained by measuring each point on the outer periphery of the ball head part one by one, and then the specific situation of each point needs to be analyzed and judged based on these complex data. The whole process is extremely tedious and time-consuming. By adopting the above technical solution, the part to be trimmed is divided into two sections, and the strategy of only needing to grind one higher working section is determined, greatly simplifying the measurement link. The operator does not need to measure the concave-convex situation of each point in detail, but only needs to pay attention to how to divide the adjacent working sections and judge which working section is relatively higher, greatly reducing the measurement workload and the complexity of data processing, making the operation process more clear, simple and efficient.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first grinding wheel is a 1v1 type grinding wheel, and the side with a smaller outer diameter of the first grinding wheel is used to grind the end edge. By using a 1v1 type grinding wheel, the traditional 6v5 type grinding wheel point grinding is changed to a 1v1 type grinding wheel, and the characteristics of the 1v1 type grinding wheel are used to improve the grinding effect.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the specific method for fine grinding the end edge by using the first grinding wheel comprises: starting the first grinding wheel, moving the first grinding wheel along the trajectory direction of the end edge and grinding. By changing the moving direction of the first grinding wheel, the correction method of the ball head part is changed from the traditional point cutting to surface grinding, making the grinding more smooth and stable, the end edge surface smooth, and the increase of each part more gentle.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in the finishing step, the first grinding wheel is driven to move from one side of the chip pocket to the direction close to the end edge and is ground, and the first grinding wheel is ground from the groove wall of the chip pocket, so that the blade tip generated after grinding is still at the top of the ball head, compared with the existing grinding from the top periphery to correct the profile, the method ensures the sharpness of the end edge, thereby improving the operation effect during grinding of the ball cutter.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the particle size of the first grinding wheel is D10-D15. By controlling the particle size range of the first grinding wheel, the excess amount that needs to be cut off can be quickly removed while achieving finer grinding, and the time spent on grinding is reduced.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the error range of the ball head is ±0.003 mm. After the end edge is initially processed, the surface precision of the end edge does not meet the requirements, and the end edge needs to be finely ground subsequently. By leaving a machining allowance of 0.003 mm on the initially processed end edge, the end edge can be finely ground subsequently to improve the surface precision of the end edge.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the radial movement distance of the grinding wheel towards or away from the ball head is 0-0.006 mm, which effectively controls the profile precision of the ball head within ±0.003 mm, ensures the processing precision of the ball cutter, and meets the requirements of high-precision cutting processing.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the method of finely grinding the end edge further comprises: installing the ball cutter body on the moving end of a knife grinder, and installing the first grinding wheel on the fixed end of the knife grinder. The high-precision movement function of the knife grinder can accurately control the relative position and grinding action between the grinding wheel and the end edge of the ball cutter, and can accurately control the grinding degree to a very small range, effectively ensuring the fine grinding precision of the end edge, so that the profile and size of the end edge of the ball cutter meet higher precision standards, and meet the stringent requirements of high-precision part processing on the precision of the cutting edge of the ball cutter.

[0020] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a cutter manufactured by the cutter processing method of any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0021] The cutter provided by the second aspect of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the end edge of the ball head of the cutter is uniformly adjusted, the cutting is smoother, the unevenness of the cutting is reduced, the demand for uniform adjustment of profile precision of high-precision parts and products is met, and the service life is longer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly described in the following. Obviously, the described drawings are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments of the present application, and the person skilled in the art can also obtain other design schemes and drawings according to these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the profile of the ball knife before correction in the prior art;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the positions of a plurality of points on the end edge in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the machining method of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a front view of the first grinding wheel machining the tool in the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a top view of the first grinding wheel machining the tool in the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the profile intersection position on the ball knife in the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the profile of the ball knife after machining in the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] 1, ball head; 11, chip pocket; 12, first cutting surface; 13, second cutting surface; 14, end edge; 2, profile reference line; 21, first profile curve; 22, second profile curve; 23, third profile curve; 24, fourth profile curve; 25, profile intersection; 3, first grinding wheel, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, the meaning of one or more is one or more, the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described that the first, second is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0035] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme.

[0036] At present, the requirement for the R angle at the outer contour of the ball knife is to keep the contour increase consistent as much as possible. The increase consistency means that after the R angle radius of the end edge 14 is measured during detection, the R angle radius should be as equal as possible, and there is no local large or small situation, and the uniform state is achieved in all aspects, but after the ball knife is manufactured and shaped, the R angle increase of the ball head 1 may not be consistent at different positions, such as Figure 1 The front end R angle is convex outward and the rear end R angle is concave inward on the left side of the contour reference line 2, or the front end R angle is concave inward and the rear end R angle is convex outward on the right side.

[0037] The existing ball knife R angle correction method is as follows: Figure 1 And Figure 2 The radius of each point on the end edge 14 is measured first, and the point is proportionally distributed on the front half of the ball head 1 (such as Figure 2 0.0%, 12.5%, 25.0% and the like), and then the bottom end position of the 6V5 type grinding wheel is used to grind each point that does not meet the R angle radius until the R angle radius of the end edge 14 is consistent at different positions, but this method needs to consume a long time, which is not conducive to quickly completing the ball knife correction, and when multiple points of the ball knife are ground and compensated, the adjacent points are prone to be uneven, resulting in insufficient consistency of the R angle contour of the ball knife, which is difficult to meet the precision requirements of high-precision part products for the ball knife.

[0038] Referring to Figures 3-7 , the tool machining method of the first aspect of the present application is described in detail.

[0039] Referring to Figure 3 , the tool machining method according to the first aspect of the present application includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0040] Step S100: rough machining of the bar stock: referring to Figure 4 And Figure 5, the first cutting surface 12, the second cutting surface 13 and the nose land are formed on the bar, and the flute 11, the first cutting surface 12, the second cutting surface 13 and the nose land are arranged in the circumferential direction, the end edge 14 is formed between the first cutting surface 12 and the flute 11, the end edge 14 is arranged in the circumferential direction on the ball head 1, and in the embodiment, the end edge 14 is arranged in two. When the first cutting surface 12, the second cutting surface 13 and the nose land are machined, the end edge 14 is sequentially machined backward, so that the end edge 14 is at the outermost end of the ball tool body.

[0041] Step S200: using an instrument to detect the outer peripheral morphology of the ball head 1 at the end edge 14.

[0042] Step S300: using the first grinding wheel 3 to precisely grind the end edge 14, and after the grinding is completed, the outer peripheral morphology of the ball head 1 is detected again until the outer peripheral morphology of the end edge 14 is consistent.

[0043] In the embodiment, the first grinding wheel 3 is a 1v1 grinding wheel, the granularity of the first grinding wheel 3 is D10-D15, and the side end face with a smaller outer diameter of the first grinding wheel 3 is used to grind the end edge 14. By controlling the granularity range of the first grinding wheel 3, more precise grinding can be achieved, and at the same time, the excess amount that needs to be cut off can be quickly removed, and the time spent on grinding is reduced.

[0044] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the specific method for precisely grinding the end edge 14 using the first grinding wheel 3 in step S300 includes:

[0045] S301: after the outer peripheral morphology of the ball head 1 at the end edge 14 is detected, the first morphology profile curve of the convex and the second morphology profile curve of the concave are obtained on the plane, the first morphology profile curve and the second morphology profile curve are overlapped on the drawing, and the intersection point between the two is taken as the morphology intersection point 25, the morphology intersection point 25 floats on the front half of the ball surface of the ball head 1, the end edge 14 is divided into two working sections in the circumferential direction, the working section in front of the morphology intersection point 25 and the working section behind the morphology intersection point 25, the worker compares the two working sections, takes the working section with a larger R corner radius as the correction object, takes the R corner radius of the working section with a shorter R corner radius as the correction radius, and corrects the working section with a larger radius with the correction radius, so that the two working sections have the same R corner radius.

[0046] After the correction is completed, as shown in Figure 7 , the third profile morphology curve 23 of the uniform concave morphology is obtained, or the fourth profile curve of the uniform convex is obtained, so that the effect of the consistent increase of the outer periphery of the end edge 14 is achieved, and the tool use effect is improved.

[0047] In the prior art, when the ball knife is modified, the concave-convex amount of each part needs to be directly measured, which means that a large amount of data information needs to be obtained by measuring a large number of point positions on the outer periphery of the ball head 1 one by one, and then the specific conditions of each point need to be analyzed and judged based on these complex data. The whole process is extremely tedious and time-consuming. By adopting the technical scheme, the part to be trimmed is divided into two segments, and it is determined that only the working segment with a larger radius needs to be ground, which greatly simplifies the measurement link. The operator no longer needs to carefully measure the concave-convex conditions of each point, but only needs to pay attention to how to divide the adjacent working segments and judge which working segment is relatively higher, thereby greatly reducing the measurement workload and the complexity of data processing, and making the operation process clearer, simpler and more efficient.

[0048] Moreover, due to the large number of point positions in the traditional method, it is difficult to ensure that the grinding amount of each point can be accurately controlled in actual operation, and local grinding may be excessive or insufficient, thereby affecting the accuracy of the entire ball knife end edge 14. By adopting the new segmented grinding method, the modification is focused on the working segment, and after the modification radius is determined, the grinding amount can be controlled from a more macro and overall perspective, so that the grinding of the higher working segment is more systematic and regular, thereby avoiding the problem of out-of-control accuracy caused by the accumulation of single-point grinding errors, and the appearance between adjacent working segments can be more accurately adjusted to a consistent state of increase, thereby effectively improving the modification accuracy of the ball knife end edge 14.

[0049] Referring to Figure 4 In S301, the specific method for modifying the working segment with a larger radius by the modification radius includes: driving the first grinding wheel 3 to move from the chip pocket 11 side to the direction close to the end edge 14.

[0050] By driving the first grinding wheel 3 to move from the chip pocket 11 side to the direction of the end edge 14 for grinding, the blade tip can be maintained at the top of the ball head 1, thereby avoiding the blade wear and dullness caused by grinding from the outer periphery of the top, effectively ensuring the sharpness of the end edge 14, so that the ball knife can more smoothly cut into the workpiece during cutting, thereby improving the cutting performance, so that the sharpness of the end edge 14 can be ensured, and the workpiece material can be more efficiently removed during the actual grinding operation of the ball knife, thereby reducing the cutting force and processing energy consumption, and helping to improve the machining surface quality, so that the overall operation effect is significantly improved, and the requirements of various machining tasks are better met.

[0051] Referring to Figure 5 In S301, the specific method for modifying the working segment with a larger radius by the modification radius further includes: abutting the end face of the first grinding wheel 3 to the chip pocket 11 to start the first grinding wheel 3, and moving the first grinding wheel 3 along the direction of the track of the end edge 14 and grinding.

[0052] The modification method is changed to face grinding, which avoids the local unevenness caused by point cutting, makes the grinding process smooth and stable, effectively improves the surface quality of the end edge 14, and makes it smoother. At the same time, the increase of each place is more gentle, which ensures the consistency of the contour accuracy of the end edge 14, improves the overall machining accuracy of the ball cutter, and better meets the machining requirements of high-precision parts. Moreover, compared with point cutting, face grinding reduces the operation steps of frequent point selection and positioning, and the grinding wheel can move along the trajectory of the end edge 14, which saves the operation time, speeds up the grinding speed, and improves the overall efficiency of the ball cutter machining, thereby helping to shorten the production cycle.

[0053] At the same time, the continuous face grinding method makes the grinding force more uniform, reduces the force fluctuation caused by the switching of the cutting point, reduces the impact on the ball cutter, helps to maintain the machining stability, and is also beneficial to prolong the service life of the ball cutter. Ensure that the quality of each ball cutter can remain stable and reliable when batch processing ball cutters.

[0054] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the error range of the ball head 1 is ±0.003mm, as shown in Figure 7 The radial movement distance of the first grinding wheel 3 towards or away from the ball head 1 is 0-0.006mm. If the first grinding wheel 3 moves 0.006mm, the final contour accuracy deviation of the ball head 1 is controlled to be -0.003mm at most after cutting the end edge 14 part, which ensures the final machining accuracy of the ball cutter and meets the high-precision cutting machining requirements.

[0055] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the specific method before S300 further comprises: installing the ball cutter body on the moving end of the grinding machine, installing the first grinding wheel 3 on the fixed end of the grinding machine, and adjusting the correction process to the chip groove 11 process. The fine movement of the ball cutter body can accurately grind and correct the R angle of the ball head 1 through the grinding machine.

[0056] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a cutter manufactured by the cutter machining method of the first aspect. The increase of the end edge 14 of the ball head 1 of the cutter is consistent, which makes the cutting more gentle and smooth, reduces the unevenness of the cutting, meets the demand of high-precision parts and products for consistent contour accuracy increase, and has a longer service life.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of machining a tool, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Rough machining: a first cutting surface, a second cutting surface and a ball head part formed behind a tool tip back are machined at an end of a bar, a ball cutter body is formed after a chip pocket is machined on the bar, an end edge is formed between the first cutting surface and a notch of the chip pocket, and a plurality of the end edges are circumferentially arranged on the ball head part; Finish machining: the peripheral morphology of the ball head part at the end edge is detected, the first grinding wheel is used to finish grind at the end edge, the peripheral morphology of the ball head part is detected again after finish grinding, and the peripheral morphology of the end edge is adjusted until the peripheral morphology of the end edge is consistent; The method for finish grinding at the end edge by using the first grinding wheel comprises the following steps: after the peripheral morphology of the ball head part is detected, a first profile curve of protrusion and a second profile curve of recess are obtained, the first profile curve and the second profile curve are overlapped, a profile intersection point is obtained at an intersection point, the end edge has two working sections in front of the profile intersection point and behind the profile intersection point, a correction radius is obtained from a R corner radius of the working section with a smaller R corner radius, the first grinding wheel acts on the other working section and is corrected at the correction radius.

2. A tool machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first grinding wheel is a 1v1 type grinding wheel, and a side with a smaller outer diameter of the first grinding wheel is used to grind the end edge.

3. A tool machining method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific method for finish grinding at the end edge by using the first grinding wheel comprises the following steps: the first grinding wheel is started, and the first grinding wheel is moved along the trajectory direction of the end edge and grinds.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein, In the finish machining step, the first grinding wheel is driven to move from the side of the chip pocket to the direction close to the end edge and grind.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein, The granularity of the first grinding wheel is D10-D15.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein, The error range of the ball head part is ±0.003 mm.

7. A tool machining method according to claim 6, characterized in that The radial moving distance of the grinding wheel close to or away from the ball head part is 0-0.006 mm.

8. The tool machining method according to claim 1, wherein The method for finish grinding at the end edge further comprises the following steps: the ball cutter body is installed on a moving end of a grinding machine, and the first grinding wheel is installed on a fixed end of the grinding machine.

9. A cutting tool characterized by The cutter is manufactured by using the cutter machining method in any one of claims 1-8.

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