Self-moving forepoling equipment of heading machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation supporting, and particularly relates to self-moving type advance supporting equipment of a heading machine. During supporting, two bottom supporting structures are located on the ground, and a front end supporting structure is driven by a first connecting mechanism to form advance supporting in a tunnel; the second connecting mechanism drives the rear end supporting structure to support the tunnel; along with tunneling of the tunnel, the front bottom supporting structure is relatively fixed, the fourth telescopic rod retracts to drive the rear bottom supporting structure to move forwards, the rear bottom supporting structure is relatively fixed, and the fourth telescopic rod extends to drive the front bottom supporting structure to move forwards; therefore, the forepoling equipment moves forwards along with tunneling of the tunnel, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the tunneling efficiency is improved, and potential safety hazards are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation support, and in particular relates to a self-moving advance support device for a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] Advance support is an auxiliary measure taken ahead of the face excavation to ensure the stability of the tunnel excavation working face. With the improvement of the mechanization degree of coal mine tunneling system, the application of high-power tunnel boring machines, and the popularization of large-section anchor net support methods in tunnels, advance support has become increasingly important.

[0003] In the past, the tunneling production process was that when the tunneling machine was in the process of tunneling, after each cycle of coal cutting, it was necessary to use simple iron pipes to temporarily support the roof manually, and then use an anchor machine to drive anchors and hang nets. When the working face was mined at a fast speed, it was necessary to frequently remove, move and support pillars. There were problems such as heavy labor workload for workers, great safety hazards, and low tunneling efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, a self-moving advance support device for a tunnel boring machine is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled advance support device for a roadheader to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A self-propelled advance support device for a roadheader, comprising: two bottom support structures, arranged front and rear along the roadheader's excavation direction, the two bottom support structures being connected by a plurality of fourth telescopic rods, the plurality of fourth telescopic rods being distributed in an array;

[0008] A first connecting mechanism is arranged at the top of the bottom supporting structure located in the front, the top of the first connecting mechanism is inclined toward the front end in the excavation direction, and a front end supporting structure is arranged at the top of the first connecting mechanism;

[0009] A second connecting mechanism is arranged at the top end of the bottom supporting structure at the rear, the top end of the second connecting mechanism is inclined toward the rear end in the excavation direction, and a rear end supporting structure is arranged at the top end of the second connecting mechanism.

[0010] In a self-moving advance support device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the bottom support structure includes at least two support boxes, two vertically arranged partitions are fixedly connected in the support box, the two partitions are vertically arranged, and the two partitions divide the inner cavity of the partition into four installation cavities, and a moving auxiliary component is arranged in the installation cavity. When movement is required, the moving auxiliary component extends out of the bottom end of the support box, and when fixation is required, the moving auxiliary component is retracted into the support box.

[0011] In a self-propelled advance support device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the movement auxiliary component includes a fourth connecting rod, one end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected in the installation cavity, the other end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to a roller, a third connecting rod is hinged in the middle of the fourth connecting rod, an end of the third connecting rod away from the fourth connecting rod is hinged to a second connecting rod, an end of the second connecting rod away from the third connecting rod is hinged to the inner wall of the installation cavity, a telescopic end of a fifth telescopic rod is hinged in the middle of the second connecting rod, and a power end of the fifth telescopic rod is hinged to the inner top wall of the installation cavity.

[0012] In a self-moving advance support device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, a plurality of connecting seats are fixedly connected to one end of the support box, and the plurality of connecting seats are distributed in an array. A hemispherical groove is provided at one end of the connecting seat away from the support box, and a connecting ball is slidably connected in the hemispherical groove. A cover plate is fixedly connected to the opening of the hemispherical groove, and the cover plate is in sliding contact with the connecting ball. The connecting ball extends out of the cover plate and is connected to the fourth telescopic rod.

[0013] In a self-moving advance support device of a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the first connecting mechanism includes two first telescopic rods arranged in parallel, the two first telescopic rods are arranged front and back along the tunneling direction, the bottom end of the first telescopic rod is fixed to the top end of the support box, and the top end of the first telescopic rod is inclined forward in the tunneling direction.

[0014] In a self-propelled advance support device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the front end support structure includes a front support plate arranged above the first telescopic rod, the front support plate is adapted to the top wall of the tunnel, a second tip is provided at one end of the front support plate facing the front in the direction of excavation, a plurality of sliding holes are provided in the front support plate, the plurality of sliding holes are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a power end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding hole, a plug rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod, the plug rod passes through one end of the front support plate facing the front in the direction of excavation, and a first tip is provided at one end of the plug rod passing through the front support plate, and the first tip is adapted to the second tip.

[0015] In a self-moving advance support device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, a slide rail is fixedly connected to the top end of the first telescopic rod, and the slide rail is arranged along the tunneling direction. A threaded rod is rotatably connected in the slide rail, and the threaded rod is arranged along the length direction of the slide rail. A slider is threadedly connected to the threaded rod, and the slider is slidably connected in the slide rail. The top end of the slider extends out of the top end of the slide rail and is fixed to the front support plate. One end of the threaded rod passes through the slide rail and is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the reducer. The input shaft of the reducer is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor. The reducer and the hydraulic motor are both fixed to the slide rail.

[0016] In a self-propelled advance support device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the second connecting mechanism includes two first connecting rods arranged in parallel, the two first connecting rods are arranged front and back along the tunneling direction, the bottom ends of the first connecting rods are hinged to the top end of the support box, and the middle of one of the first connecting rods is hinged with the telescopic end of a third telescopic rod, and the third telescopic rod is hinged to the top end of the support box.

[0017] In a self-propelled advance support device of a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the rear end support structure includes a rear support plate, the rear support plate is adapted to the top wall of the tunnel, and the rear support plate is hinged to the top end of the first connecting rod.

[0018] In a self-moving advance support device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, a plurality of pins are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support box, the plurality of pins are arranged in an array, and the bottom ends of the pins are inclined toward the rear of the tunneling direction.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0020] In the present invention, when supporting, the two bottom support structures are located on the ground, and the front support structure is driven by the first connecting mechanism to form an advance support in the tunnel, and the second connecting mechanism drives the rear support structure to support the tunnel; as the tunnel is excavated, the bottom support structure located in the front is relatively fixed, and the fourth telescopic rod contracts to drive the bottom support structure located at the rear to move forward, the bottom support structure located at the rear is relatively fixed, and the fourth telescopic rod extends to drive the bottom support structure located in the front to move forward, so that the advance support equipment of the present invention moves forward with the excavation of the tunnel, reducing the intensity of manual labor, improving excavation efficiency, and reducing safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front view of the front support structure in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front support plate in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Among them, 1. support box; 2. first telescopic rod; 3. insertion rod; 4. second telescopic rod; 5. front support plate; 6. reducer; 7. hydraulic motor; 8. rear support plate; 9. first connecting rod; 10. third telescopic rod; 11. fourth telescopic rod; 12. roller; 13. sliding hole; 14. first tip; 15. second tip; 16. slide rail; 17. threaded rod; 19. slider; 21. connecting ball; 22. connecting seat; 23. hemispherical groove; 24. cover plate; 25. second connecting rod; 26. fifth telescopic rod; 27. third connecting rod; 28. fourth connecting rod; 29. ​​partition; 30. insertion nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] When a tunnel passes through soft and broken surrounding rock, excavation disturbance will cause large deformation of the surrounding rock. If the initial support is not implemented in time, the surrounding rock deformation may exceed its allowable range, which may cause the face to become unstable and the tunnel to collapse, resulting in significant economic losses. At this time, tunnel advance support measures must be adopted to control the deformation of the surrounding rock, so as to ensure the safety of tunnel construction.

[0031] In the existing technology, the main methods of tunnel advance support include pipe shed, small pipe, horizontal jet grouting pile, etc. At present, scholars at home and abroad have conducted sufficient research on their control effects. Jia Jinqing et al. studied the reinforcement mechanism and reinforcement effect of pipe shed, indicating that the use of pipe shed grouting method can effectively suppress the deformation of weak and broken surrounding rock, improve the stress of tunnel support structure, and avoid collapse during construction. Zhang Bei et al. studied the reinforcement parameters and reinforcement effect of advance small pipe. The study showed that advance small pipe grouting support can improve the stability of surrounding rock, reduce the deformation and plastic zone of cavern, and its circumferential distribution range and pipe diameter are the main reinforcement parameters. JCAnon et al. summarized and summarized the construction points of horizontal jet grouting piles and evaluated its engineering application effect. Horizontal jet grouting technology has a good effect in the pre-support of soft sand layer tunnels, has a good water-proof effect on water-rich strata, and can also avoid hydraulic damage to tunnels. Therefore, advance support has become a key measure for tunnels to pass through weak and broken surrounding rocks, and its design is particularly important. Existing research on advance support design generally focuses on the optimization analysis of design schemes or the optimization design of single parameters, and there is little research on how to select appropriate tunnel advance support methods and reasonable parameter ranges. Tunnel advance support design is too conservative under certain conditions, resulting in waste. However, under certain conditions, there are major safety hazards due to the weak tunnel structure design, which brings greater safety risks to the construction and subsequent operation of tunnel projects. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on how to select appropriate tunnel advance support methods and reasonable parameter ranges.

[0032] Lead distance measurement method

[0033] Whether it is single support or advanced hydraulic support, the support distance is generally arranged in accordance with the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" and is not less than 20m. For coal seams with large pressure or special mining conditions, the research methods mainly include theoretical analysis and mine pressure observation. The determination of the tunnel advance support distance is mainly based on the advance pressure support pressure and tunnel deformation.

[0034] Chen Yiping observed and analyzed the advance support pressure of the 8406 fully mechanized mining face in a certain mine, and adopted the method of installing drilled oil pressure pillows on the coal side. The return air advance support pressure began to increase from the original rock stress, and its increase gradually increased with the gradual advancement of the working face. When the working face was advanced to about 6m away from the coal wall, it reached the peak of the value-added, and then gradually decreased and tended to the original rock stress. The influence range of the advance support pressure of the working face was about 30m in front of the working face. Within the range of 50m ahead of the two drifts of the working face, DZ-40 single hydraulic props were used with 1.2m steel beams for support.

[0035] The mining impact range of the fully mechanized mining face with large mining height is large, which puts forward new requirements for the layout of the tunnel, the selection of the section and the advanced support method. The mine pressure observation of the 33014 working face of Sihe Mine shows that the influence range of the advanced support pressure is 20 to 35 meters, with an average of 28 meters. Within this range, it is very difficult to strengthen the support of the section with a tunnel height of more than 5 meters with a single hydraulic support, and there is an urgent need for advanced support.

[0036] Huating Coal Mine is a typical rock burst mine. With the increase of mining depth, rock burst occurs frequently, and advanced hydraulic supports are used in the advanced section. The 250103 working face adopts small coal pillar long wall retreat low-position top coal mining. The advanced support of the working face transport lane adopts advanced supports and Π-shaped steel beams for support, and the support length is not less than 80m. Counting from the end support, 16m is supported by the roadway support, and the remaining 64m is supported by Π-shaped beams with single hydraulic props to set up a lifting shed. The support length of the working face return air lane is up to 150m.

[0037] The 1309 isolated working face and 4307 gob-side tunneling working face of Xuchang Mine use the "single pillar + top beam" method for advance support, stipulating that the support distance of the track drift should be no less than 100m, and strengthening support in special sections of the tunnel and when the pressure is severe.

[0038] The cross section of the 5318 fully mechanized caving working face of Yanzhou Coal Mining Group is 3.0m×4.2m, and anchor nets and steel belts are used for support. The observation of the deformation of the surrounding rock tunnel shows that: ① the increase of the advance support distance increases the deformation of the tunnel and the starting point of the deformation speed; ② the increase of the advance support distance can significantly reduce the sinking speed, bottom drum volume, bottom drum speed and the amount and speed of the two sides of the tunnel. Changes in the advance support method, distance and support strength cannot affect the position of the peak value of the advance support pressure, but only affect the surrounding rock deformation value of the tunnel.

[0039] The 11151 working face of Liangbei Mine of Henan Shenhuo Group has extremely soft coal seam occurrence conditions. Zhong Xinchun and others used FLAC5.0 numerical calculation software to simulate and analyze the influence of coal seam mining height and coal body strength on the advanced support pressure of the working face and surrounding rock deformation. The measured influence range of the advanced support pressure of the 11151 extremely soft double-outburst thick coal seam with large mining height is 44.3m, the plastic zone width is 8.7m, the crushing zone width is 4.15m, and the stress peak is 16.785MPa.

[0040] Determination of strength parameters of advanced support

[0041] The Pusch non-compression arch theory is one of the commonly used models for support stress. The stress of the advance support can be analyzed according to the Pusch non-compression arch theory. For example, Huating Coal Mine selected the strength of the advance support according to the above model and achieved good support effect.

[0042] When determining the principle of advanced support parameters of Dongzhuang Mine, Yin Jiansheng and others from China University of Mining and Technology divided the tunnel into two situations: solid coal and goaf. In the former, the peak stress in front of the working face can reach 2 to 3 times that of the non-stress concentration area, but due to the support of the solid coal on both sides, the basic top rock layer in front of the working face is stable and bends and sinks according to its own rules. Therefore, as long as the support resistance can be appropriately improved on the basis of bearing the quality of the direct top rock layer, the surrounding rock stress state can be improved, so that the direct top rock layer can maintain a certain self-supporting capacity. The support is designed to be in a fixed deformation working state, and the advanced support starts from the above critical point. It must reach a constant resistance state before reaching the lower critical point, and its total shrinkage should correspond to the cumulative sinking of the basic top from the upper critical point to the working face. When the tunnel outer wall is a goaf. The mechanical reason for the deformation movement of tunnel surrounding rock is mainly the effect of the advance support pressure before the basic top breaks, and it is mainly affected by the instability movement of the basic top breaking structure after the basic top breaks. Therefore, to ensure that the advance support can work normally in the most difficult and dangerous period, it must be adapted to the dual limit working state of deformation and constant load. Therefore, the shrinkage of the support should be determined by the principle of constant deformation, and the working resistance of the support should be determined by the slippage and instability of the basic top breaking structure.

[0043] Bian Jingqiang et al. calculated the support strength according to the "support criteria" and "anti-slip criteria" in the selection of the parameters for the advance support of the transport tunnel of the 143 upper working face of Dongtan Coal Mine, and took the maximum value as the reasonable support strength. Combined with the results of mine pressure observation, the strength calculations were made according to the initial collapse step of the direct roof, the initial pressure step of the basic roof, the normal advancement stage, and the strength calculation to prevent the direct roof from sliding, and the maximum value was taken after comprehensive comparison. In the selection process of the advance hydraulic support of the 1302 working face of Xinjulong Mine, the basic top state equation was used to predict the deformation of the surrounding rock along the empty chute, and the elastic mechanics theory was used to calculate the bearing capacity of the coal pillar and the solid side of the empty chute, and the critical strength of the advance support along the empty chute was determined based on the principle of no "squeezing".

[0044] In the related art, the self-propelled advance support equipment of the tunnel boring machine includes a front bracket placed on the left and a rear bracket placed on the right. The front bracket includes a front exploration beam, a rotary jack, a connecting front beam, a connecting beam, a telescopic jack, a top beam, a side guard plate, a column, a balancing jack, a shield beam, a four-link, and a base. The front exploration beam is connected to the connecting front beam through a crosshead. The connecting beam is placed on the right side of the connecting front beam in a parallel direction and connected to the top beam. The telescopic jack is placed under the connecting beam, the side guard plates are placed on both sides of the top beam, the upper end of the column is connected to the top beam, and the lower The end is connected to the front support base, the balancing jack connects the top beam and the shielding beam, and the four-link connects the shielding beam and the front support base; the rear support includes a connecting beam, a top beam, a column, a balancing jack, a shielding beam, a four-link, and a rear support base. The connecting beam is placed on the top beam, the upper end of the column is connected to the top beam, and the lower end is connected to the rear support base. The balancing jack connects the top beam and the shielding beam, and the four-link connects the shielding beam and the rear support base; the left end of the rear support base is connected to the push jack through a crosshead, and the front support base is connected to the push jack. The beneficial effects of this scheme are as follows: ① The present invention uses hydraulic power as the power, can move the frame by itself, and the slewing beam advances to support, manage, and control the top plate. ② The present invention cleverly uses the slewing beam to go online first and then drive the anchor rod, which minimizes the damage to the top plate and protects the safety of the operator. ③ The connecting beams of the front and rear supports of the present invention are connected to the top beam through a crosshead, which has the characteristics of adapting to lanes of different heights in the upper and lower gangs, and can solve the problem of asynchronous left and right push jacks. ④ A balancing jack is placed on each side of the top beam of the front support of the present invention to adjust the inclination of the support. ⑤ The left end of the base of the rear support of the present invention is connected to the push jack through a crosshead to prevent jamming. ⑥ The present invention can provide support along the top plate in time according to the changes in the top plate. When a fault occurs and the top plate breaks, the balancing jack can be adjusted when the top plate rises or falls, and the top plate is supported in time. ⑦ The present invention has a compact structure, a reasonable layout, improves labor productivity, reduces the physical labor of workers, and realizes the comprehensive mechanization of coal mine excavation tunnel support construction.

[0045] A tunneling advance support device includes multiple groups of support frames distributed along the extension direction of the tunnel, and any two adjacent groups of support frames are hinged by telescopic rods. The support frames include: an arch support, which is adapted to the arch of the tunnel; a telescopic column, which is arranged at the arch foot of the arch support; a support rod, wherein multiple support rods are respectively located on both sides of the arch support and are perpendicular to the plane where the arch support is located; and the telescopic rod is correspondingly hinged on the arch support to change the spacing between two adjacent support frames by telescoping. There are multiple support rods on both sides of the arch support, and they are evenly distributed along the length direction of the arch support, and the support rods on both sides of the arch support are staggered. The end of the support rod away from the arch support is an arc-shaped bend, and the inner side of the arc-shaped arch support is bent. The telescopic column is a first hydraulic cylinder, and a pad corresponding to the bottom of the tunnel is arranged on the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. A positioning rod is arranged between the two telescopic columns on the same arch support, and the length of the positioning rod is adapted to the span of the arch support. A support leg parallel to the piston rod extends from the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder, and a roller is provided at one end of the support leg corresponding to the bottom of the tunnel. A hinged plate is provided on the inner side of the arch support, and the telescopic rod is hinged on the hinged plate accordingly. There are two telescopic rods between two adjacent arch supports, and the two telescopic rods are symmetrically distributed about the arch support. The telescopic rod is the second hydraulic cylinder. The arch support is composed of two equally divided parts spliced ​​together. The beneficial effects of this scheme: by changing the spacing between adjacent support frames through the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod, self-moving walking support can be realized in various mine tunnels, and the tunneling operation of the tunnel boring machine and permanent support such as anchor rods and anchor nets can be carried out simultaneously. During the tunneling process, it cooperates with the comprehensive mechanized tunnel boring machine to protect the safety of tunneling operators and equipment in the tunnel through the support frame.

[0046] A self-moving advance support device for a tunneling machine comprises a tunneling machine body, wherein a first connecting shaft is fixedly installed on both front and rear sides of the tunneling machine body, a supporting column is movably installed on the outer side of the first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft located on the right side of the first connecting shaft is fixedly installed on both front and rear sides of the tunneling machine body, a first hydraulic rod is movably installed on the outer side of the second connecting shaft, a movable connecting block is fixedly connected to the top of the first hydraulic rod and the top of the supporting column, the lower movable connecting block is fixedly connected to the supporting column, the top of the upper movable connecting block is fixedly connected to a bottom plate, a second hydraulic rod movably connected to the bottom plate is fixedly installed on the right side of the supporting column, a main supporting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate, two mounting grooves are opened on the inner side of the main supporting plate, a servo motor is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner wall of the mounting groove, a screw is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor, a transmission rod that penetrates and extends to the right side of the main supporting plate is threadedly connected to the outer side of the screw, the right sides of the two transmission rods are fixedly connected to the auxiliary supporting plate, and stabilizing teeth are fixedly installed on the tops of the main supporting plate and the auxiliary supporting plate. A thread groove is provided on the left side of the transmission rod, and the screw rod is threadedly connected to the transmission rod through the thread groove. The secondary support plate is strip-shaped, and the top width of the secondary support plate is greater than its bottom width. A through hole is provided on the right side of the main support plate, and the diameter of the through hole is adapted to the diameter of the transmission rod. The movable connection block is composed of a fixed block, a rotating shaft and a connecting rod. The fixed block is fixedly connected to the support column, the rotating shaft is movably connected to the inner side of the fixed block, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft, the upper rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the lower rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first hydraulic rod. A connecting hole extending to the rear side of the support column is provided on the front side, and the diameter of the connecting hole is adapted to the diameter of the first connecting shaft. The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: the self-moving advance support equipment of the tunnel boring machine is equipped with a servo motor and an auxiliary support plate. Before supporting, after determining the area to be supported, the servo motor is started. The servo motor can drive the screw to rotate when it is started. The rotation of the screw can move the transmission rod threadedly connected to it to the left or right, thereby moving the auxiliary support plate to the left or right, thereby reducing or increasing the support area, so as to carry out support after adapting to the actual support conditions. The whole process does not require manual operation, is convenient and efficient, and achieves the effect of adjustable support area.

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention discloses a self-moving advance support device for a roadheader, comprising: two bottom support structures, arranged front and rear along the roadheader's excavation direction, the two bottom support structures are connected by a plurality of fourth telescopic rods 11, and the plurality of fourth telescopic rods 11 are distributed in an array;

[0048] A first connection mechanism is arranged at the top of the bottom support structure located in the front, the top of the first connection mechanism is inclined toward the front end in the excavation direction, and a front support structure is arranged at the top of the first connection mechanism;

[0049] A second connecting mechanism is arranged at the top end of the bottom supporting structure at the rear, the top end of the second connecting mechanism is inclined toward the rear end in the excavation direction, and a rear end supporting structure is arranged at the top end of the second connecting mechanism.

[0050] In the present invention, when supporting, the two bottom support structures are located on the ground, and the front support structure is driven by the first connecting mechanism to form an advance support in the tunnel, and the second connecting mechanism drives the rear support structure to support the tunnel; as the tunnel is excavated, the bottom support structure located in the front is relatively fixed, and the fourth telescopic rod 11 contracts to drive the bottom support structure located at the rear to move forward, and the bottom support structure located at the rear is relatively fixed, and the fourth telescopic rod 11 extends to drive the bottom support structure located at the front to move forward, and so on and so forth, so that the advance support equipment of the present invention moves forward with the excavation of the tunnel, reducing the intensity of manual labor, improving the excavation efficiency, and reducing safety hazards.

[0051] The top of the second connecting mechanism is inclined toward the rear end in the excavation direction, and the top of the first connecting mechanism is inclined toward the front end in the excavation direction. In this way, when moving forward along the excavation direction and providing support, the force directions of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism are opposite, thereby achieving a better fixing effect.

[0052] In a feasible solution, the bottom support structure includes at least two support boxes 1, two vertically arranged partitions 29 are fixedly connected in the support box 1, the two partitions 29 are arranged vertically, and the two partitions 29 divide the inner cavity of the partition 29 into four installation cavities, and a moving auxiliary component is arranged in the installation cavity. When it is necessary to move, the moving auxiliary component extends out of the bottom end of the support box 1, and when it is necessary to fix, the moving auxiliary component is retracted into the support box 1. The support box 1 has a supporting function, and multiple support boxes 1 in the same bottom support structure are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the tunnel.

[0053] In a feasible solution, the movement auxiliary component includes a fourth connecting rod 28, one end of the fourth connecting rod 28 is rotatably connected in the installation cavity, the other end of the fourth connecting rod 28 is rotatably connected to the roller 12, the third connecting rod 27 is hinged in the middle of the fourth connecting rod 28, the end of the third connecting rod 27 away from the fourth connecting rod 28 is hinged to the second connecting rod 25, the end of the second connecting rod 25 away from the third connecting rod 27 is hinged on the inner wall of the installation cavity, the telescopic end of the fifth telescopic rod 26 is hinged in the middle of the second connecting rod 25, and the power end of the fifth telescopic rod 26 is hinged on the inner top wall of the installation cavity.

[0054] The extension of the fifth telescopic rod 26 drives the second connecting rod 25 to rotate, the second connecting rod 25 drives the third connecting rod 27 to rotate, the third connecting rod 27 drives the fourth connecting rod 28 to rotate, and then drives the roller 12 to move, and the roller 12 extends out of the bottom end of the support box 1 to lift the support box 1.

[0055] In a feasible solution, a plurality of connecting seats 22 are fixedly connected to one end of the support box 1, and the plurality of connecting seats 22 are distributed in an array. A hemispherical groove 23 is opened at the end of the connecting seat 22 away from the support box 1, and a connecting ball 21 is slidably connected in the hemispherical groove 23. A cover plate 24 is fixed to the opening of the hemispherical groove 23, and the cover plate 24 is in sliding contact with the connecting ball 21. The connecting ball 21 extends out of the cover plate 24 and is connected to the fourth telescopic rod 11.

[0056] Multiple fourth telescopic rods 11 are all arranged between two adjacent front and rear support boxes 1 in a ball joint manner. By adjusting the different extension modes of the fourth telescopic rods 11, the self-propelled advance support equipment of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention can be moved forward, backward or turned.

[0057] In a feasible solution, the first connecting mechanism includes two parallel first telescopic rods 2, which are arranged front and back along the excavation direction. The bottom end of the first telescopic rod 2 is fixed to the top of the support box 1, and the top of the first telescopic rod 2 is inclined forward in the excavation direction.

[0058] In a feasible scheme, the front end support structure includes a front support plate 5 arranged above the first telescopic rod 2, the front support plate 5 is adapted to the top wall of the tunnel, a second tip 15 is provided at one end of the front support plate 5 facing the front in the excavation direction, a plurality of sliding holes 13 are provided in the front support plate 5, the plurality of sliding holes 13 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the power end of the second telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding hole 13, the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected to the insertion rod 3, the insertion rod 3 passes through one end of the front support plate 5 facing the front in the excavation direction, and a first tip 14 is provided at one end of the insertion rod 3 passing through the front support plate 5, and the first tip 14 is adapted to the second tip 15.

[0059] Then the second telescopic rod 4 drives the insertion rod 3 to extend and insert into the soil to form a temporary support; the arrangement of the first tip 14 and the second tip 15 makes it easier for the front support structure to be inserted into the soil.

[0060] In a feasible solution, the top end of the first telescopic rod 2 is fixedly connected to a slide rail 16, and the slide rail 16 is arranged along the excavation direction. A threaded rod 17 is rotatably connected in the slide rail 16, and the threaded rod 17 is arranged along the length direction of the slide rail 16. The threaded rod 17 is threadedly connected to a slider 19, and the slider 19 is slidably connected in the slide rail 16. The top end of the slider 19 extends out of the top end of the slide rail 16 and is fixedly connected to the front support plate 5. One end of the threaded rod 17 passes through the slide rail 16 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer 6. The input shaft of the reducer 6 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 7. The reducer 6 and the hydraulic motor 7 are both fixedly connected to the slide rail 16.

[0061] The hydraulic motor 7 drives the reducer 6, and the reducer 6 drives the threaded rod 17 to rotate. The threaded rod 17 drives the front support plate 5 to move forward in the excavation direction through the slider 19.

[0062] In a feasible solution, the second connecting mechanism includes two parallel first connecting rods 9, which are arranged front and back along the excavation direction. The bottom ends of the first connecting rods 9 are hinged to the top of the support box 1, and the telescopic end of the third telescopic rod 10 is hinged in the middle of one of the first connecting rods 9, and the third telescopic rod 10 is hinged to the top of the support box 1.

[0063] In a feasible solution, the rear end supporting structure includes a rear support plate 8 , which is adapted to the top wall of the tunnel and is hinged to the top end of the first connecting rod 9 .

[0064] In a feasible solution, a plurality of pins 30 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support box 1. The plurality of pins 30 are distributed in an array, and the bottom ends of the pins 30 are inclined toward the rear of the excavation direction.

[0065] The provision of the pins 30 can effectively enhance the grip of the support box 1 .

[0066] Specific use process:

[0067] In the initial state, the fourth telescopic rod 11 is retracted to the shortest point, the fifth telescopic rod 26 is extended to drive the second connecting rod 25 to rotate, the second connecting rod 25 drives the third connecting rod 27 to rotate, the third connecting rod 27 drives the fourth connecting rod 28 to rotate, and then drives the roller 12 to move, the roller 12 extends out of the bottom end of the support box 1, and lifts the support box 1. At this time, the entire support device can be moved, and the support device is moved to a predetermined position. The fifth telescopic rod 26 is retracted, and the roller 12 is retracted into the support box 1, and then the second telescopic rod 4 drives the insertion rod 3 to extend and insert into the soil to form a temporary support. At this time, normal excavation can be carried out. After excavation to the position where the end of the insertion rod 3 is located, the liquid The pressure motor 7 drives the reducer 6, and the reducer 6 drives the threaded rod 17 to rotate. The threaded rod 17 drives the front support plate 5 to move forward in the excavation direction through the slider 19, and the insertion rod 3 continues to be inserted into the soil. The front support plate 5 supports the excavated part. After excavating again to the position where the end of the insertion rod 3 is located, the first telescopic rod 2 is retracted, and the roller 12 in the support box 1 in the front is extended, and the fourth telescopic rod 11 is extended. At this time, the support box 1 in the front moves forward, and the insertion rod 3 and the front support plate 5 are retracted synchronously until they are retracted to the limit position. The support box 1 moves forward to the set position, the roller 12 is retracted, and the first telescopic rod 2 is extended, and the above steps are continued;

[0068] When the insertion rod 3, the front support plate 5 and the support box 1 at the front are extended to the limit, the support box 1 at the front is relatively fixed, and the support box 1 at the rear moves forward. After entering the tunnel, the third telescopic rod 10 extends to drive the rear support plate 8 to rise, so as to support the excavated part.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0070] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled advance support device for a roadheader, characterized in that: include: Two bottom support structures are arranged front and back along the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine, and the two bottom support structures are connected by a plurality of fourth telescopic rods (11), and the plurality of fourth telescopic rods (11) are distributed in an array; A first connecting mechanism is arranged at the top of the bottom supporting structure located in the front, the top of the first connecting mechanism is inclined toward the front end in the excavation direction, and a front end supporting structure is arranged at the top of the first connecting mechanism; A second connecting mechanism is arranged at the top end of the bottom supporting structure at the rear, the top end of the second connecting mechanism is inclined toward the rear end in the excavation direction, and a rear end supporting structure is arranged at the top end of the second connecting mechanism.

2. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom support structure comprises at least two support boxes (1), two vertically arranged partitions (29) are fixedly connected in the support box (1), the two partitions (29) are arranged vertically, and the two partitions (29) divide the inner cavity of the partition (29) into four installation cavities, and a moving auxiliary component is arranged in the installation cavity. When movement is required, the moving auxiliary component extends out of the bottom end of the support box (1), and when fixation is required, the moving auxiliary component is retracted into the support box (1).

3. The self-propelled advance support equipment of a roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movement auxiliary component comprises a fourth connecting rod (28), one end of the fourth connecting rod (28) is rotatably connected in the installation cavity, the other end of the fourth connecting rod (28) is rotatably connected to a roller (12), a third connecting rod (27) is hinged in the middle of the fourth connecting rod (28), an end of the third connecting rod (27) away from the fourth connecting rod (28) is hinged to a second connecting rod (25), an end of the second connecting rod (25) away from the third connecting rod (27) is hinged to the inner wall of the installation cavity, a telescopic end of a fifth telescopic rod (26) is hinged in the middle of the second connecting rod (25), and a power end of the fifth telescopic rod (26) is hinged to the inner top wall of the installation cavity.

4. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the support box (1) is fixedly connected to a plurality of connection seats (22), and the plurality of connection seats (22) are distributed in an array. One end of the connection seat (22) away from the support box (1) is provided with a hemispherical groove (23), a connection ball (21) is slidably connected in the hemispherical groove (23), a cover plate (24) is fixedly connected to the opening of the hemispherical groove (23), the cover plate (24) is in sliding contact with the connection ball (21), and the connection ball (21) extends out of the cover plate (24) and is connected to the fourth telescopic rod (11).

5. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting mechanism comprises two first telescopic rods (2) arranged in parallel, the two first telescopic rods (2) being arranged front and rear along the excavation direction, the bottom ends of the first telescopic rods (2) being fixedly connected to the top ends of the support boxes (1), and the top ends of the first telescopic rods (2) being arranged tilted forward in the excavation direction.

6. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end support structure comprises a front support plate (5) arranged above the first telescopic rod (2), the front support plate (5) being matched with the top wall of the tunnel, a second tip (15) being provided at one end of the front support plate (5) facing the front in the excavation direction, a plurality of sliding holes (13) being provided in the front support plate (5), the plurality of sliding holes (13) being arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a power end of the second telescopic rod (4) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding hole (13), a plugging rod (3) being fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod (4), the plugging rod (3) passing through one end of the front support plate (5) facing the front in the excavation direction, a first tip (14) being provided at one end of the plugging rod (3) passing through the front support plate (5), the first tip (14) being matched with the second tip (15).

7. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top end of the first telescopic rod (2) is fixedly connected to a slide rail (16), the slide rail (16) is arranged along the excavation direction, a threaded rod (17) is rotatably connected inside the slide rail (16), the threaded rod (17) is arranged along the length direction of the slide rail (16), the threaded rod (17) is threadedly connected to a slider (19), the slider (19) is slidably connected inside the slide rail (16), the top end of the slider (19) extends out of the top end of the slide rail (16) and is fixedly connected to the front support plate (5), one end of the threaded rod (17) passes through the slide rail (16) and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer (6), the input shaft of the reducer (6) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor (7), and the reducer (6) and the hydraulic motor (7) are both fixedly connected to the slide rail (16).

8. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second connecting mechanism comprises two first connecting rods (9) arranged in parallel, the two first connecting rods (9) being arranged front and rear along the excavation direction, the bottom ends of the first connecting rods (9) being hinged to the top ends of the support boxes (1), the telescopic end of a third telescopic rod (10) being hinged to the middle of one of the first connecting rods (9), and the third telescopic rod (10) being hinged to the top ends of the support boxes (1).

9. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rear end support structure comprises a rear support plate (8), the rear support plate (8) is adapted to the top wall of the tunnel, and the rear support plate (8) is hinged to the top end of the first connecting rod (9).

10. The self-propelled advance support equipment for a roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of inserting pins (30) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support box (1), and the plurality of inserting pins (30) are distributed in an array, and the bottom ends of the inserting pins (30) are arranged to be inclined toward the rear in the excavation direction.

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