A nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller

Abstract

The application discloses a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller and relates to the technical field of nuclear power emergency diesel generator control. The method comprises a transmission module, a main control module and a function module. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected with the main control module through the transmission module, and the main control module is connected with the function module. A sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects operation parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates a sensing signal. The sensing signal is transmitted to the function module through the transmission module and the main control module. The function module generates a control signal for controlling the operation state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating the fault state of the sensor module according to the sensing signal. The controller has a high degree of automation, can detect the fault conditions of all sensors in the sensor module in real time, and improves the reliability of the collection of the operation parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear power emergency diesel generator control, and particularly relates to a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller. BACKGROUND

[0002] The nuclear power emergency diesel generator set is an important component for ensuring the safe operation of a nuclear power plant, and the nuclear power emergency diesel generator set includes multiple nuclear power emergency diesel generators. The set is in a hot standby state for years, and can automatically start to provide emergency power supply when the power supply of the nuclear power plant is lost, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the equipment of the nuclear power plant. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator set needs to be regularly subjected to grid connection test to ensure that it can be normally put into use in an emergency.

[0003] The controller is a core component of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and the reliability of the controller needs to be high because the controller plays a role in nuclear emergency. With the rapid development of power electronic control technology, the automation degree of the existing controller cannot meet the actual application, the operation efficiency of the controller is low, and the fault condition of the sensor line cannot be judged, so it is urgent to improve the design idea and control performance of the controller according to the characteristics of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear power emergency diesel generator control, and particularly relates to a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller.

[0005] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear power emergency diesel generator control, and particularly relates to a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller.

[0006] The sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects the operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates a sensing signal, the sensing signal is transmitted to the function module through the transmission module and the main control module.

[0007] The function module generates a control signal for controlling the operating state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating the fault state of the sensor module according to the sensing signal.

[0008] Further, the function module includes a man-machine interaction unit, the man-machine interaction unit generates the sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensing signal, and when the sensor fault diagnosis signal is generated based on the sensing signal, the following steps are included.

[0009] A sensor fault diagnosis model based on a support vector machine is constructed.

[0010] Based on the sensing signal, a sensor fault diagnosis signal is generated by using the constructed sensor fault diagnosis model.

[0011] Further, the operating parameters include the rotating speed of the diesel engine in the emergency diesel generator of the nuclear power plant, the function module includes a rotating speed control unit for controlling the rotating speed of the diesel engine, and the sensor module includes a rotating speed detection unit.

[0012] The rotating speed detection unit includes three rotating speed sensors, and the rotating speed control unit generates a rotating speed indication signal according to the rotating speed detection signals output by the three rotating speed sensors.

[0013] The rotating speed indication signal includes an overspeed signal, and the rotating speed control unit generates the overspeed signal when the rotating speed detection signals output by at least two of the three rotating speed sensors are greater than an overspeed threshold.

[0014] Further, the transmission module includes a signal input unit and a signal output unit, the signal input unit includes an analog signal input circuit and a digital signal input circuit, and the signal output unit includes an analog signal output circuit and a digital signal output circuit.

[0015] The analog signal input circuit includes an operational amplifier U2A, an operational amplifier U2B, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C2, and a stabilizing diode D2.

[0016] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is connected to the ground through the resistor R12 and connected to one end of the resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to one end of the resistor R13 to form an analog signal input terminal.

[0017] The other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the ground through the resistor R10 and connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is also connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2A through the resistor R9, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2B through the resistor R14, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2B, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the cathode of the stabilizing diode D2 and one end of the resistor R15, the anode of the stabilizing diode D2 is connected to the ground, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the main control module and connected to the ground through the capacitor C2.

[0018] Further, the signal output unit includes an analog signal output circuit and a digital signal output circuit.

[0019] The analog signal output circuit comprises an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS tube D3, a triode Q1, a stabilizing diode D1, and a capacitor C1, wherein,

[0020] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the anode of the stabilizing diode D1, one end of the capacitor C1, and one end of the resistor R2 through the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the master control module, the anode of the stabilizing diode D1 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0021] The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded through the resistor R4, and is connected with the emitter of the triode Q1 and one end of the resistor R6 through the resistor R5, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 through the resistor R3, and the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the power supply voltage VCC.

[0022] The other end of the resistor R6 is connected with one end of the fuse F1, one end of the resistor R7, and one end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3 is grounded, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected with one end of the resistor R8 and forms an analog signal output terminal, and the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded.

[0023] Further, the digital signal input circuit comprises a resistor R18, a resistor R19, and a photoelectric coupler U4, the anode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is connected with one end of the resistor R19, the collector of the secondary light-sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is connected with the power supply voltage VCC through the resistor R18 and is connected with the master control module, and the emitter of the secondary light-sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is grounded.

[0024] The digital signal output circuit comprises a resistor R16, a resistor R17, and a photoelectric coupler U3, the anode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is connected with the power supply voltage through the resistor R17, the cathode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is grounded, and the collector of the secondary light-sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is connected with one end of the resistor R16.

[0025] Further, the operating parameters comprise the operating parameters of the generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, the operating parameters of the generator comprise output voltage and output current, the function module comprises an electrical protection unit for providing electrical protection for the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and the electrical protection comprises current protection, voltage protection, frequency protection, loss-of-field protection, reverse power protection, thermal overload protection, differential protection, and stator ground protection.

[0026] When the current protection is performed, the electrical protection unit compares the output current with the overcurrent threshold value, and when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs an overcurrent alarm signal to the main control module after an overcurrent delay alarm time, and if the duration of the overcurrent alarm signal is greater than an overcurrent shutdown threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module to control the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0027] The overcurrent delay alarm time is inversely proportional to an overcurrent difference value, and the overcurrent difference value is the difference between the output current and the overcurrent threshold value when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold value.

[0028] A further technical solution is that the functional module includes a synchronous excitation unit, and the synchronous excitation unit is used to control the excitation state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0029] The speed indication signal includes a starting excitation speed signal, and the main control module generates an excitation start signal according to the starting excitation speed signal and sends the excitation start signal to the synchronous excitation unit.

[0030] After the synchronous excitation unit receives the excitation start signal, the synchronous excitation unit adjusts the size of the excitation current according to the output voltage and the output current of the generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and outputs the excitation current to the excitation winding of the generator.

[0031] A further technical solution is that the synchronous excitation unit is also used to control the grid-connected working parameter of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the working parameter of the power grid when the nuclear power emergency diesel generator works in a grid-connected mode, so that the grid-connected working parameter of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator matches the working parameter of the power grid.

[0032] After the grid-connected working parameter of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator matches the working parameter of the power grid, the synchronous excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module, and the main control module controls the grid connection of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0033] A further technical solution is that the main control module includes four MCUs, and each MCU is connected to the speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the man-machine interaction unit one by one.

[0034] The beneficial technical effects of the present application are:

[0035] (1) The present application forms a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller by adaptively connecting the main control module, the signal input / output unit, the speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the man-machine interaction unit, has the functions of speed control, electrical protection, excitation control and synchronous grid connection control, realizes the intelligent automatic control of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and improves the degree of automation.

[0036] (2) The man-machine interaction unit in the application introduces a sensor fault judgment function, that is, a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating a sensor module fault state can be generated based on a sensing signal, the fault condition of each sensor in the sensor module can be detected in real time, and the reliability of nuclear power emergency diesel generator operation parameter acquisition is improved.

[0037] (3) The application divides the function modules of the controller into multiple units according to the functions of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator set, that is, a speed control unit, an electrical protection unit, a synchronous excitation unit and a man-machine interaction unit. Correspondingly, four independent MCUs are arranged in the main control module, each MCU is connected with the speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the man-machine interaction unit one by one, each unit adopts an independent MCU to execute control logic, and the operation efficiency of the controller is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller provided by the application.

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the speed control unit provided by the application.

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the electrical protection unit provided by the application.

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the synchronous excitation unit provided by the application.

[0042] Figure 5 is a circuit principle diagram of an embodiment of the signal input unit and the signal output unit in the transmission module provided by the application.

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the man-machine interaction unit provided by the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The specific embodiments of the application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0045] The application provides a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller, which comprises a transmission module, a main control module and a function module, a nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected with the main control module through the transmission module, the main control module is connected with the function module;

[0046] The sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects operation parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates a sensing signal, the sensing signal is transmitted to the function module through the transmission module and the main control module;

[0047] The function module generates a control signal for controlling the operation state of the nuclear emergency diesel generator according to the sensing signal, and a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating a fault state of the sensor module.

[0048] Specifically, the nuclear emergency diesel generator mainly comprises a diesel engine and a generator, and the diesel engine drives the generator to generate electricity. The sensor module collects the operation parameters of the nuclear emergency diesel generator and generates corresponding sensing signals. The sensing signals are input to the main control module through the transmission module. The operation parameters of the nuclear emergency diesel generator collected by the sensor module include diesel engine operation parameters and generator operation parameters. The diesel engine operation parameters include diesel engine speed, bearing temperature, diesel engine coolant level, and lubricating oil pressure, etc. The generator operation parameters include three-phase voltage, three-phase current, generator coolant level, and lubricating oil temperature, etc. Therefore, the corresponding sensing signals collected by the sensor module include speed signal, bearing temperature signal, lubricating oil pressure signal, liquid level signal, three-phase current signal, and three-phase voltage signal, etc.

[0049] A plurality of nuclear emergency diesel generators are usually arranged in a nuclear power station to form a nuclear emergency diesel generator set. Each nuclear emergency diesel generator in the nuclear emergency diesel generator set is correspondingly configured with a controller for control. The nuclear emergency diesel generator set is generally controlled by a DCS (Distributed Control System). Therefore, the main control module generally receives DCS signals through a signal input unit.

[0050] The function module generates a control signal for controlling the operation parameters of the nuclear emergency diesel generator according to the sensing signal. The control signal is transmitted to the diesel engine actuator, the generator actuator, the generator excitation winding, the circuit breaker, and other execution devices in the nuclear emergency diesel generator through the signal output unit according to the corresponding control function.

[0051] The transmission module comprises a signal input unit and a signal output unit connected with the main control module. The sensing signal is input to the main control module by the signal input unit, and then input to the function module by the main control module. The control signal generated by the function module can be transmitted to the nuclear emergency diesel generator through the main control module and the signal output unit, or directly output to the nuclear emergency diesel generator by the function module, so as to complete the automatic control of the operation state of the nuclear emergency diesel generator.

[0052] The function module also generates a sensor fault diagnosis signal according to the sensing signal, that is, the function module can determine the fault of each sensor in the sensor module according to the sensing signal, and can determine whether the sensor is abnormal in time, so as to repair the faulty sensor in time, improve the reliability of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator operation parameter acquisition, and ensure that the nuclear power emergency diesel generator can be normally put into use in an emergency.

[0053] Further, the function module includes a speed control unit for controlling the speed of the diesel engine, the sensor module includes a speed detection unit, and the control signal includes a speed indication signal;

[0054] The speed detection unit includes three speed sensors, and the speed control unit generates the speed indication signal according to the speed detection signals output by the three speed sensors.

[0055] The speed indication signal includes an overspeed signal, and the speed control unit generates the overspeed signal when at least two of the three speed sensors output speed detection signals greater than an overspeed threshold.

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the speed control unit, the speed indication signal further includes a start-up success signal, a start-up excitation speed signal, a rated speed signal, and an idle speed signal. The speed control unit calculates the average value of the speed detection signals output by the three speed sensors, and takes the speed represented by the average value of the three speed detection signals as the speed of the diesel engine. When the speed of the diesel engine reaches the start-up success speed, the start-up excitation speed, the rated speed, and the idle speed of the diesel engine, the corresponding start-up success signal, start-up excitation speed signal, rated speed signal, and idle speed signal are output to the main control module. The main control module is used to execute the control logic of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and can output a logic control signal to the speed control unit according to the speed indication signal and the control signals output by other units in the function module. The logic control signal includes a speed-up signal, a speed-down signal, a synchronization signal, a stop signal, a rated speed signal, and an idle speed signal. The speed control unit outputs an execution signal to the diesel engine actuator through the main control module and the signal output unit, or directly outputs an execution signal to the diesel engine actuator, corresponding to controlling the diesel engine to speed up, slow down, work at a synchronization speed, stop, work at a rated speed, and work at an idle speed.

[0057] Further, the function module includes an electrical protection unit for providing electrical protection for the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and the electrical protection includes current protection.

[0058] When the current protection is performed, the electrical protection unit compares the output current of the generator with the overcurrent threshold value, and when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs an overcurrent alarm signal to the main control module after a delay time of the overcurrent alarm, and if the continuous output time of the overcurrent alarm signal is greater than an overcurrent shutdown threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal for controlling the shutdown of the nuclear emergency diesel generator to the main control module; the overcurrent delay alarm time is inversely proportional to the overcurrent difference value, and the overcurrent difference value is the difference between the output current and the overcurrent threshold value when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold value.

[0059] Figure 3 For an embodiment of the electrical protection unit, the electrical protection includes voltage protection, frequency protection, current protection, loss of field protection, reverse power protection, thermal overload protection, differential protection and stator ground protection. Specifically, for current protection, a plurality of overcurrent difference threshold values Ii are arranged from small to large in this embodiment, and each overcurrent difference threshold value Ii is correspondingly arranged with an overcurrent delay alarm time ti, and the greater the overcurrent difference threshold value Ii, the smaller the overcurrent delay alarm time ti. The number of overcurrent difference threshold values Ii and the overcurrent delay alarm time ti corresponding to each overcurrent difference threshold value Ii can be set according to actual needs.

[0060] The voltage protection includes overvoltage protection and undervoltage protection, and when the output voltage of the generator is greater than the overvoltage threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a voltage alarm signal to the main control module after a delay time of the overvoltage alarm; when the output voltage of the generator is less than the undervoltage threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a voltage alarm signal to the main control module after a delay time of the undervoltage alarm. If the continuous output time of the voltage alarm signal is greater than a voltage shutdown threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal for controlling the shutdown of the nuclear emergency diesel generator to the main control module.

[0061] The frequency protection includes overfrequency protection and underfrequency protection, and when the output voltage frequency of the generator is greater than the overfrequency threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a frequency alarm signal to the main control module after a delay time of the frequency alarm; when the output voltage frequency of the generator is less than the underfrequency threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a frequency alarm signal to the main control module after a delay time of the underfrequency alarm. If the continuous output time of the frequency alarm signal is greater than a frequency shutdown threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal for controlling the shutdown of the nuclear emergency diesel generator to the main control module.

[0062] The loss-of-excitation protection is specifically multi-stage loss-of-excitation protection, different loss-of-excitation characteristic ranges are set to cope with different degrees of loss-of-excitation, and the greater the loss-of-excitation degree, the shorter the corresponding loss-of-excitation delay alarm time. Specifically, three loss-of-excitation characteristic ranges are set in the embodiment according to the loss-of-excitation degree from low to high, and three loss-of-excitation delay alarm times are set from long to short, each loss-of-excitation characteristic range corresponds to a loss-of-excitation delay alarm time, and the greater the loss-of-excitation degree corresponding to the loss-of-excitation characteristic range, the shorter the corresponding loss-of-excitation delay alarm time.

[0063] When the loss-of-excitation protection is performed, the electrical protection unit calculates the admittance through the output current and voltage of the generator, and when the admittance exceeds each loss-of-excitation characteristic range, the electrical protection unit outputs a loss-of-excitation alarm signal to the main control module after the corresponding loss-of-excitation delay alarm time.

[0064] If the continuous output time of the loss-of-excitation alarm signal is greater than the loss-of-excitation shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal for controlling the shutdown of the nuclear emergency diesel generator to the main control module. The calculation method of the admittance and the setting method of the loss-of-excitation characteristic range can be consistent with the prior art.

[0065] The reverse power protection is specifically that the electrical protection unit calculates the active power according to the output voltage and output current of the generator, and when the active power is less than or equal to a reverse power threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a reverse power alarm signal to the main control module after a reverse power delay alarm time, and if the continuous output time of the reverse power alarm signal is greater than a reverse power shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module.

[0066] The thermal overload protection is specifically that the electrical protection unit calculates a heat accumulation value according to a thermal overload coefficient and the output current of the generator, and when the heat accumulation value is greater than a thermal overload threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a thermal overload alarm signal to the main control module after a thermal overload delay alarm time, and if the continuous output time of the thermal overload alarm signal is greater than a thermal overload shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module. The thermal overload delay alarm time can be calculated according to the thermal overload coefficient and the output current of the generator, and the specific calculation method is consistent with the prior art.

[0067] The differential protection is specifically that the electrical protection unit calculates a differential current by subtracting the current on the neutral point side from the current on the emergence side of the generator, and when the differential current is greater than a differential threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a differential alarm signal to the main control module after a differential delay alarm time, and if the continuous output time of the differential alarm signal is greater than a differential shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module.

[0068] The stator ground protection specifically refers to that the zero sequence voltage / current is collected by the zero sequence voltage / current transformer in the sensor module, when the zero sequence voltage / current exceeds the stator ground threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs the stator ground alarm signal to the main control module after the stator ground delay alarm time, and if the continuous output time of the stator ground alarm signal is greater than the stator ground shutdown threshold value, the electrical protection unit outputs the shutdown tripping signal to the main control module.

[0069] Further, the function module comprises a synchronous excitation unit, which is configured to control an excitation state of the nuclear emergency diesel generator.

[0070] The rotating speed indication signal comprises a start-up excitation rotating speed signal, and the main control module generates an excitation start signal according to the start-up excitation rotating speed signal and sends the excitation start signal to the synchronous excitation unit.

[0071] After receiving the excitation start signal, the synchronous excitation unit modulates the size of the excitation current according to the output voltage and output current of the generator in the nuclear emergency diesel generator, and outputs the excitation current to the excitation winding of the generator.

[0072] Specifically, when the rotating speed of the diesel engine reaches the start-up excitation rotating speed, the main control module receives the start-up excitation rotating speed signal and sends the excitation start signal to the synchronous excitation unit, the synchronous excitation unit modulates the size of the excitation current and outputs the excitation current to the generator, so that the generator can operate stably. It should be noted that the excitation current is usually large, so the excitation current is directly output to the excitation winding of the generator through the synchronous excitation unit.

[0073] Further, the synchronous excitation unit is further configured to control the grid-connected working parameter of the nuclear emergency diesel generator according to the working parameter of the power grid when the nuclear emergency diesel generator works in the grid-connected mode, so that the grid-connected working parameter of the nuclear emergency diesel generator matches the working parameter of the power grid.

[0074] After the grid-connected working parameter of the nuclear emergency diesel generator matches the working parameter of the power grid, the synchronous excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module, and the main control module controls the nuclear emergency diesel generator to be connected to the grid.

[0075] Specifically, the nuclear emergency diesel generator has two working modes, namely island mode and grid-connected mode. When the nuclear emergency diesel generator works in the island mode, it is not connected to the power grid and independently supplies power to the load. At this time, the synchronous excitation unit automatically adjusts the output voltage of the generator according to the load change, so as to maintain the output voltage frequency and amplitude within the normal range.

[0076] When the nuclear power emergency diesel generator operates in grid-connected mode, it establishes a connection with the power grid. At this time, the main control module sends a start synchronization signal to the synchronization excitation unit. The main control module receives power grid operating parameters, including the grid-side voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase sequence. The generator's grid-connected operating parameters include the generator-side voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase sequence. After receiving the start synchronization command from the main control module, the synchronization excitation unit adjusts the generator-side voltage amplitude according to the grid-side voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase sequence until the generator-side voltage matches the grid-side voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase sequence. That is, the difference between the generator-side voltage amplitude and frequency and the grid-side voltage amplitude and frequency is within the allowable range, and the generator's voltage phase sequence is the same as the grid voltage phase sequence. After the nuclear power emergency diesel generator's grid-connected operating parameters match the grid operating parameters, the synchronization excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module. This closing signal is sent through the main control module and signal output unit to the nuclear power emergency diesel generator's output circuit breaker, causing the output circuit breaker to close and complete the grid connection. When the operating mode of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator needs to be changed from grid-connected mode to islanded mode, the synchronous excitation unit sends a trip signal to the output circuit breaker through the main control module and signal output unit to control the operating mode of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator to change from grid-connected mode to islanded mode.

[0077] Furthermore, the signal input unit includes an analog signal input circuit and a digital signal input circuit, wherein,

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the analog signal input circuit includes operational amplifier U2A, operational amplifier U2B, resistors R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, capacitor C2, and Zener diode D2.

[0079] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is grounded through resistor R12 and connected to one end of resistor R11. The other end of resistor R11 is connected to one end of resistor R13 to form an analog signal input terminal.

[0080] The other end of resistor R13 is grounded and connected to the inverting input of operational amplifier U2A through resistor R10. The inverting input of operational amplifier U2A is connected to the output of operational amplifier U2A through resistor R9. The output of operational amplifier U2A is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U2B through resistor R14. The inverting input of operational amplifier U2B is connected to the output of operational amplifier U2B. The output of operational amplifier U2B is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D2 and one end of resistor R15. The anode of Zener diode D2 is grounded. The other end of resistor R15 is connected to the main control module and grounded through capacitor C2.

[0081] The digital signal input circuit comprises a resistor R18, a resistor R19 and a photoelectric coupler U4, an anode of a primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is connected with one end of the resistor R19, a collector of a secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is connected with a power supply voltage VCC through the resistor R18 and connected with the master control module, and an emitter of the secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is grounded.

[0082] Specifically, the sensing signal can be an analog signal output by a thermal resistance, a transmitter, a voltage / current transformer or the like, or a digital signal output by a limit switch, a relay or the like. The analog signal is input into the master control module through an analog signal input circuit, and the digital signal is input into the master control module through a digital signal input circuit.

[0083] The analog signal can be a voltage signal and a current signal. In the analog signal input circuit, an operational amplifier U2A, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12 constitute a differential amplification circuit, an operational amplifier U2B forms a voltage follower circuit, the voltage signal is transmitted to an analog input interface of the master control module through the differential amplification circuit and the voltage follower circuit. The resistor R13 is a sampling resistor, the current signal is converted into a voltage signal through the sampling resistor R13, and is also transmitted to the analog input interface of the master control module through the differential amplification circuit and the voltage follower circuit. The voltage follower circuit and the master control module are connected through a stabilizing diode D2 to ensure the stability of the signal voltage, and are connected through a filter link composed of a resistor R15 and a capacitor C2 to reduce the signal noise collected, thereby ensuring the signal quality.

[0084] The digital signal is a direct current signal of high level or low level. When there is a high level direct current signal between an anode and a cathode of a primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U4, the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is turned on, so that the secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is turned on, and a digital input interface of the master control module receives a low level signal. Conversely, when there is a low level direct current signal between the anode and the cathode of the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U4, the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is not turned on, and the digital input interface of the master control module receives a high level signal.

[0085] Further, the signal output unit comprises an analog signal output circuit and a digital signal output circuit, wherein,

[0086] The analog signal output circuit comprises an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS tube D3, a triode Q1, a stabilizing diode D1 and a capacitor C1, wherein,

[0087] The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1, one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R2 through the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the master control module, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0088] The inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded through the resistor R4, and is connected with the emitter of the triode Q1 and one end of the resistor R6 through the resistor R5, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the output of the operational amplifier U1 through the resistor R3, and the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the power supply voltage VCC.

[0089] The other end of the resistor R6 is connected with one end of the fuse F1, one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3 is grounded, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected with one end of the resistor R8 and forms an analog signal output end, and the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded.

[0090] The digital signal output circuit comprises the resistor R16, the resistor R17 and the photoelectric coupler U3, the anode of the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is connected with the power supply voltage through the resistor R17, the cathode of the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is grounded, and the collector of the secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is connected with one end of the resistor R16.

[0091] Specifically, one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the analog output interface of the master control module, the analog signal output by the master control module is filtered by the filter link composed of the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1, is stabilized by the voltage stabilizing diode D1, and is input to the signal amplification circuit formed by the operational amplifier U1, the resistor R3, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the triode Q1, and is output in the form of a 4-20mA current signal after amplification.

[0092] The anode of the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is connected with the digital output interface of the master control module, when the digital output interface outputs a high level signal, the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is turned on, so that the secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is turned on, the collector and the emitter of the secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U3 are connected with the loop formed by the relay or other devices, so that the loop is powered. Conversely, when the digital output interface outputs a low level signal, the primary light emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is not turned on, so that the secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is not turned on, and the loop connected with the secondary light sensitive triode of the photoelectric coupler U3 is not powered.

[0093] Further, the function module comprises a human-computer interaction unit capable of generating a sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensing signal, and the generation of the sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensing signal comprises: constructing a sensor fault diagnosis model based on a support vector machine; and generating the sensor fault diagnosis signal by using the constructed sensor fault diagnosis model based on the sensing signal.

[0094] Specifically, the support vector machine (SVM) is a classification algorithm for binary classification of data in a supervised learning manner, and the specific form of the SVM algorithm is consistent with the prior art. When constructing the sensor fault diagnosis model based on the support vector machine, a sensor fault diagnosis base model is first constructed by using the SVM, and the sensor fault diagnosis base model is trained, and the sensor fault diagnosis base model trained to a target state is taken as the sensor fault diagnosis model.

[0095] When training the sensor fault diagnosis base model, the operating parameters of the diesel engine and the generator under historical operating conditions (including the sensor fault state and the normal state) are first collected to form a data sample. The data sample comprises a plurality of dimensional vectors, each dimensional vector is composed of the operating parameters of the diesel engine and the generator at the same time, and each dimensional vector corresponds to a data label for indicating that the sensor is in a fault state or a normal state.

[0096] The data sample is divided into a training set and a test set, and feature extraction is performed on the training set to extract features capable of distinguishing between the sensor fault state and the normal state. Specifically, the time domain mean, the time domain peak-to-peak value, the time domain peak value, the time domain variance, the frequency domain mean, the frequency domain peak-to-peak value, the frequency domain peak value, and the frequency domain variance are selected as the characteristic parameters of the data sample, the key fault features are extracted based on the principal component analysis method, and the maximum and minimum value method is used to normalize each dimensional fault feature vector. Each dimensional fault feature vector of the training set and the corresponding data label are input into the sensor fault diagnosis base model for training, and the grid search method is used to optimize the parameters of the sensor fault diagnosis base model, and the sensor fault diagnosis base model with the optimal diagnosis rate is taken as the sensor fault diagnosis model. In specific implementation, the sensor fault diagnosis model generates the sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensing signal detected by the sensor module, and the sensor in the sensor module can be diagnosed for online fault according to the sensor fault diagnosis signal.

[0097] The human-computer interaction unit receives the operating parameter information of the diesel generator and each alarm signal from the main control module, and displays the information through the touch display screen interface in the human-computer interaction unit. When the alarm signal appears, the human-computer interaction unit can quickly locate the abnormal state position, and the human-computer interaction unit can also save the alarm content and time to the history record for query at any time, and the sensor fault diagnosis signal is also displayed through the touch display screen.

[0098] Further, the master control module comprises four MCUs, each of which is connected with the rotating speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the human-computer interaction unit one by one.

[0099] Specifically, the four MCUs are connected with each other, and Modbus communication is adopted to transmit information between the MCUs, and Modbus communication is also adopted to transmit information between the MCUs and the rotating speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the human-computer interaction unit. Each unit in the functional module adopts an independent MCU to process control logic, which greatly improves the operation efficiency of the controller.

[0100] It should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. It can be understood that other improvements and changes directly derived or thought by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present application should be considered to be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller, characterized in that, The system includes a transmission module, a main control module, and functional modules. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected to the main control module through the transmission module, and the main control module is connected to the functional modules. The sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects the operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates sensing signals. The sensing signals are transmitted to the functional module through the transmission module and the main control module. The functional module generates control signals for controlling the operating status of nuclear power emergency diesel generators based on the sensor signals, as well as sensor fault diagnosis signals for indicating the fault status of the sensor module. The operating parameters include the operating parameters of the generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator. The operating parameters of the generator include the output voltage and the output current. The functional module includes an electrical protection unit for providing electrical protection for the nuclear power emergency diesel generator. The electrical protection includes current protection, voltage protection, frequency protection, loss of excitation protection, reverse power protection, thermal overload protection, differential protection, and stator grounding protection. When performing current protection, the electrical protection unit compares the output current with the overcurrent threshold. If the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs an overcurrent alarm signal to the main control module after the current delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the overcurrent alarm signal is greater than the overcurrent shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module to control the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator. The overcurrent delay alarm time is inversely proportional to the overcurrent difference, which is the difference between the output current and the overcurrent threshold when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold.

2. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional module includes a human-computer interaction unit, which generates sensor fault diagnosis signals based on sensing signals. When generating sensor fault diagnosis signals based on sensing signals, the following steps are included: Construct a sensor fault diagnosis model based on support vector machine; Based on the sensor signal, the sensor fault diagnosis signal is generated using the constructed sensor fault diagnosis model.

3. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating parameters include the speed of the diesel engine in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, the functional module includes a speed control unit for controlling the speed of the diesel engine, and the sensor module includes a speed detection unit. The speed detection unit includes three speed sensors, and the speed control unit generates a speed indication signal based on the speed detection signals output by the three speed sensors. The speed indication signal includes an overspeed signal. When the speed detection signal output by at least two of the three speed sensors is greater than the overspeed threshold, the speed control unit generates an overspeed signal.

4. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission module includes a signal input unit and a signal output unit. The signal input unit includes an analog signal input circuit and a digital signal input circuit. The analog signal input circuit includes operational amplifier U2A, operational amplifier U2B, resistors R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, capacitor C2, and Zener diode D2. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is grounded through resistor R12 and connected to one end of resistor R11. The other end of resistor R11 is connected to one end of resistor R13 to form an analog signal input terminal. The other end of resistor R13 is grounded and connected to the inverting input of operational amplifier U2A through resistor R10. The inverting input of operational amplifier U2A is also connected to the output of operational amplifier U2A through resistor R9. The output of operational amplifier U2A is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U2B through resistor R14. The inverting input of operational amplifier U2B is connected to the output of operational amplifier U2B. The output of operational amplifier U2B is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D2 and one end of resistor R15. The anode of Zener diode D2 is grounded. The other end of resistor R15 is connected to the main control module and grounded through capacitor C2.

5. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The signal output unit includes an analog signal output circuit and a digital signal output circuit, wherein, The analog signal output circuit includes an operational amplifier U1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS diode D3, a transistor Q1, a Zener diode D1, and a capacitor C1. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode D1, one end of the capacitor C1, and one end of the resistor R2 through resistor R1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the main control module. The anode of the Zener diode D1 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded through resistor R4, and connected to the emitter of transistor Q1 and one end of resistor R6 through resistor R5. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier U1 through resistor R3, and the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of fuse F1, one end of resistor R7 and one end of bidirectional TVS diode D3. The other end of resistor R7 is connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1. The other end of bidirectional TVS diode D3 is grounded. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to one end of resistor R8 to form an analog signal output terminal. The other end of resistor R8 is grounded.

6. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 5, characterized in that, The digital signal input circuit includes resistors R18 and R19 and an optocoupler U4. The anode of the primary-side light-emitting diode of the optocoupler U4 is connected to one end of resistor R19. The collector of the secondary-side phototransistor of the optocoupler U4 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC through resistor R18 and is connected to the main control module. The emitter of the secondary-side phototransistor of the optocoupler U4 is grounded. The digital signal output circuit includes resistors R16 and R17, and an optocoupler U3. The anode of the primary-side light-emitting diode of the optocoupler U3 is connected to the power supply voltage through resistor R17, the cathode of the primary-side light-emitting diode of the optocoupler U3 is grounded, and the collector of the secondary-side phototransistor of the optocoupler U3 is connected to one end of resistor R16.

7. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 3, characterized in that, The functional module includes a synchronous excitation unit, which is used to control the excitation state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator. The speed indication signal includes the excitation speed signal, and the main control module generates an excitation start signal based on the excitation speed signal and sends it to the synchronous excitation unit. After receiving the excitation start signal, the synchronous excitation unit modulates the magnitude of the excitation current according to the output voltage and output current of the generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and outputs the excitation current to the excitation winding of the generator.

8. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 7, characterized in that, The synchronous excitation unit is also used to control the grid-connected operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the operating parameters of the power grid when the nuclear power emergency diesel generator is operating in grid-connected mode, so as to match the grid-connected operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator with the operating parameters of the power grid. After the grid connection parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator are matched with the grid operation parameters, the synchronous excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module, which then controls the nuclear power emergency diesel generator to connect to the grid.

9. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main control module includes four MCUs, each of which is connected to a speed control unit, an electrical protection unit, a synchronous excitation unit, and a human-machine interaction unit.

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