Three-dimensional entrainment wake flow modeling method and system of wind turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional entrainment wake flow modeling method, device and equipment for a wind turbine and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a one-dimensional entrainment wake flow model of the wind turbine, carrying out the two-dimensional processing of the one-dimensional entrainment wake flow model, and constructing a two-dimensional entrainment wake flow model; constructing an inflow induced wind speed model based on the power influence factors of the wind turbine in the surge motion; based on wind shear inflow and a tower shadow effect, wind speed superposition is carried out by combining the inflow induced wind speed model, and an inflow model of the wind turbine is established; and the inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake flow model are coupled, and a three-dimensional entrainment wake flow model corresponding to the wind turbine is built. The method solves the technical problems that an existing wind turbine tail flow three-dimensional analysis model lacks consideration on complex marine environment factors such as offshore wind shear, wave motion and a tower shadow effect, an offshore wind turbine tail flow field cannot be accurately calculated, and the operation reliability of an offshore wind turbine is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore floating wind power generation, and in particular to a three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method and system for a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wind power technology and the increasing proportion of wind power generation in the power system, large wind farms are usually composed of hundreds or even thousands of wind turbines. In order to accurately analyze the power generation capacity of wind turbines, the calculation of wind turbine wakes has received more and more attention.

[0003] At present, the existing technology mainly calculates the wind turbine wake field by constructing a three-dimensional analytical model of the wind turbine wake. However, the three-dimensional analytical model of the wind turbine wake lacks consideration of complex marine environmental factors such as offshore wind shear and wave motion, and cannot accurately calculate the offshore wind turbine wake field, reducing the reliability of offshore wind turbine operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method and system for a wind turbine, so as to solve the technical problem that the three-dimensional analytical model of wind turbine wake in the prior art fails to simultaneously consider the influence of complex marine environmental factors such as offshore wind shear and wave motion on the wake when calculating the wind turbine wake field, and is unable to accurately calculate the offshore wind turbine wake field.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of a wind turbine, comprising:

[0006] Acquire a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine, and perform two-dimensional processing on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0007] Based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in surge motion, an inflow induced wind speed model is constructed;

[0008] Based on the wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect, and in combination with the inflow induced wind speed model, wind speed superposition is performed to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine;

[0009] The inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake model are coupled to construct a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the step of obtaining a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine specifically includes:

[0011] Obtain a preset linear entrainment wake model of a wind turbine;

[0012] Constructing a mass model of the wind turbine based on the one-dimensional momentum theory and a preset pressure gradient change value;

[0013] The preset linear entrainment wake model and the mass model are coupled and constructed to obtain a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the velocity of the fluid outside the control body in the one-dimensional entrainment wake model carried through the turbulent interface is proportional to the absolute value of the flow velocity difference through the turbulent interface.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is subjected to two-dimensional processing to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model, which specifically includes:

[0016] Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption and in combination with mass conservation and momentum conservation, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed;

[0017] The initial wake model is linearized, and combined with the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed.

[0018] As a preferred solution, based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, combined with mass conservation and momentum conservation, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed, specifically including:

[0019] Determining the entrainment velocity according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0020] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, combined with mass conservation, setting the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to be uniform, thereby determining the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0021] Determining a momentum conservation equation within a control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0022] Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption and in combination with the mass conservation equation and the momentum conservation equation, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined.

[0023] As a preferred solution, according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, combined with mass conservation, setting the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to be uniform, thereby determining the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, specifically includes:

[0024] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter are obtained;

[0025] The fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, and the net mass flow rate of the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined to be equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid mass in the control body, as the mass conservation equation, by combining mass conservation, the flow direction microelement length and the wake diameter.

[0026] As a preferred solution, determining the momentum conservation equation in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model specifically includes:

[0027] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter are obtained;

[0028] The fluid in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to flow uniformly, and the momentum of the fluid in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined to be equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid momentum in the control body, as the momentum conservation equation, by combining mass conservation, the streamwise infinitesimal length and the wake diameter.

[0029] As a preferred solution, the initial wake model is linearized and combined with the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model, which specifically includes:

[0030] Based on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the initial wake model, the fluid mass flow rate of the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to be constructed is set to be equal to the fluid mass flow rate of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model at the section passing through the wake radius, thereby obtaining the maximum velocity loss expression of the wind rotor center;

[0031] Integrate and solve the maximum speed loss expression to obtain the maximum speed loss;

[0032] According to the maximum speed loss, a linear expression for linearizing the initial wake model is constructed;

[0033] Based on the linear expression, combined with the maximum velocity loss and the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model is jointly constructed.

[0034] As a preferred solution, the inflow induced wind speed model is constructed based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in surge motion, specifically including:

[0035] Constructing an instantaneous wind speed value of the wind turbine based on the wind and wave motion period, wind and wave motion displacement, wind and wave motion frequency and wind and wave motion amplitude of the wind turbine in surge motion;

[0036] Based on the instantaneous wind speed value of the wind turbine, an average wind speed value of the wind turbine is determined, and based on the average wind speed value, an inflow induced wind speed model of the wind turbine in surge motion is established.

[0037] As a preferred solution, the wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect are combined with the inflow induced wind speed model to perform wind speed superposition to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine, which specifically includes:

[0038] Obtaining the friction speed of the wind turbine based on the inflow wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine, the atmospheric roughness length and the logarithmic inflow expression of the wind speed;

[0039] According to the friction velocity, the atmospheric roughness length and the logarithmic inflow expression of the wind speed, a logarithmic inflow function of the wind shear inflow changing along the vertical height is constructed;

[0040] Based on the tower height, the wind rotor hub height and the distance from the tower centerline to the wind rotor plane of the wind turbine, construct an expression for the disturbed free stream wind speed of the wind turbine under the tower shadow effect;

[0041] The inflow induced wind speed model, the logarithmic inflow function and the disturbance free flow wind speed expression are linearly superimposed to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine.

[0042] As a preferred solution, the inflow model includes: an inflow induced wind speed model, a logarithmic inflow function and a disturbed free flow wind speed;

[0043] The inflow induced wind speed model is used to characterize the average induced wind speed of the wind turbine during surge motion;

[0044] The logarithmic inflow function is used to characterize the free flow wind speed of the wind turbine when the inflow wind speed is sheared;

[0045] The disturbance free stream wind speed expression is used to characterize the disturbance free stream wind speed of a wind turbine when the wind is deflected after passing through.

[0046] As a preferred solution, coupling the inflow model with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine specifically includes:

[0047] The inflow model is coupled with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to establish an initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine;

[0048] Based on the pitching motion of the wind turbine, determining a pitching motion relationship between the distance from the center line of the wind turbine tower to the wind rotor plane and the tower radius;

[0049] Based on the pitch motion relationship and the initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model, a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the final wind turbine is constructed.

[0050] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling device for a wind turbine, comprising: a two-dimensional model building module, a wind speed module building module, an inflow model building module and a three-dimensional model building module;

[0051] The two-dimensional model building module is used to obtain a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine, and to perform two-dimensional processing on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0052] The wind speed module construction module is used to construct an inflow induced wind speed model based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in surge motion;

[0053] The inflow model building module is used to build the inflow model of the wind turbine based on wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect and wind speed superposition in combination with the inflow induced wind speed model;

[0054] The three-dimensional model building module is used to couple the inflow model with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

[0055] Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of the wind turbine as described in any one of the above items is implemented.

[0056] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of a wind turbine as described in any one of the above.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention obtains the one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine and converts it into two dimensions, thereby constructing a corresponding two-dimensional entrainment wake model, and then combining the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in the surge motion, as well as the wind shear inflow and the tower shadow effect, so as to perform wind speed superposition to establish the corresponding inflow model of the wind turbine, thereby solving the technical problem that the existing three-dimensional analytical model of the wind turbine wake lacks consideration of complex marine environmental factors such as offshore wind shear, wave motion, and tower shadow effect, and cannot accurately calculate the offshore wind turbine wake field, thereby reducing the reliability of the offshore wind turbine operation. Finally, under full consideration of the influence of the inflow wind speed shear and surge motion on the wind turbine wake field, the two-dimensional entrainment wake model is coupled to build a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the offshore wind turbine wake field, and accurately and efficiently simulating the wake characteristics of the offshore floating wind turbine, which can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the wind farm energy output, and has significant significance for designing more efficient and reliable wind turbine generator sets, ensuring their long-term stable operation, and extending their service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0060] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of a method for modeling a three-dimensional entrainment wake of a wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the steps of constructing a two-dimensional entrainment wake model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a control body of a one-dimensional entrainment wake model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the steps of constructing an inflow induced wind speed model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the steps of establishing an inflow model of a wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the steps of establishing a three-dimensional entrainment wake model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 7 A diagram of the far wake prediction results provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling device for a wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] At present, wind energy, as a clean and renewable energy, has huge reserves and wide distribution, and is an important clean energy for achieving sustainable development. Offshore floating wind turbines have higher energy output than onshore wind turbines because they can utilize stronger and more stable offshore wind resources. The wind turbine wake model has undergone a development from one dimension to three dimensions. The traditional wake analytical model describes the evolution process of the wind turbine wake field; the existing three-dimensional analytical model of wind turbine wake can preliminarily simulate the velocity characteristics of the wind turbine wake field; the entrainment model based on the entrainment hypothesis satisfies the laws of conservation of mass and momentum in the control body at the same time, and combined with the Gaussian distribution hypothesis, it improves the accuracy of the simulation of the horizontal wake velocity distribution.

[0070] However, the above wake analytical model does not accurately describe the physical characteristics of the evolution process of the wind turbine wake field, and cannot simultaneously satisfy the laws of conservation of mass and momentum. The existing three-dimensional analytical model of wind turbine wake can preliminarily simulate the velocity characteristics of the wind turbine wake field, but it lacks the ability to simultaneously consider the impact of complex marine environmental factors such as offshore wind shear and wave motion on the wake.

[0071] In comparison, the entrainment model based on the entrainment hypothesis can simultaneously satisfy the laws of conservation of mass and conservation of momentum within the control volume. Combined with the Gaussian distribution hypothesis, it can improve the accuracy of the simulation of the horizontal wake velocity distribution, but it cannot consider the accurate description of the vertical wake profile by the platform pitch motion. In order to improve the power generation efficiency of offshore wind turbines and ensure their safe operation, it is urgent to develop a three-dimensional entrainment model that can accurately simulate the wake effect of offshore wind turbines based on actual physical properties and taking into account marine environmental factors. In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a three-dimensional entrainment model for the wake of an offshore floating wind turbine. This method is based on the laws of conservation of mass and conservation of momentum, and fully considers the influence of the aerodynamic performance of the offshore floating wind turbine on the wake field of the wind turbine under the coupling of the shear flow and the platform pitch motion, thereby improving the calculation accuracy of the wake field of the offshore floating wind turbine.

[0072] Embodiment 1

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 , a three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of a wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps S101-S104:

[0074] Step S101: obtaining a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine, and converting the one-dimensional entrainment wake model into a two-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model.

[0075] In this embodiment, after obtaining the one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine, based on the entrainment assumption, in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the fluid in the control body follows the principles of conservation of mass and conservation of momentum, and the Gaussian distribution assumption is introduced, and then it is assumed that the fluid mass flow rate of the two-dimensional entrainment wake model is equal to the fluid mass flow rate of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model at the section passing through the wake radius, so as to calculate the corresponding velocity loss function, and based on the velocity loss function, after linearizing the wake model, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model is established.

[0076] Step S102: constructing an inflow induced wind speed model based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine during surge motion.

[0077] In this embodiment, the surge motion causes the vector relationship between the angle of attack of the wind rotor relative to the incoming flow and the inflow wind speed to change significantly, which has a significant impact on the performance of the wind turbine. Therefore, an inflow induced wind speed model is established based on the impact of the surge motion on the wind turbine, so as to accurately reflect the impact of the surge motion on the wind turbine.

[0078] Step S103: Based on the wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect, the wind speed is superimposed in combination with the inflow induced wind speed model to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine.

[0079] In this embodiment, a logarithmic inflow function of the wind turbine is established based on wind shear inflow, and a disturbed free flow wind speed expression of the wind turbine is constructed based on the tower shadow effect of the wind turbine. A wind speed superposition model is constructed based on the logarithmic inflow function during wind shear inflow, the disturbed free flow wind speed expression of the wind turbine under the tower shadow effect, and the inflow induced wind speed model under the influence of surge motion. The logarithmic inflow function, the disturbed free flow wind speed expression, and the inflow induced wind speed model are combined through the wind speed superposition model to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine.

[0080] Step S104: coupling the inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

[0081] In this embodiment, the two-dimensional entrainment wake model and the inflow model are combined to obtain a wind turbine entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine, that is, a corresponding three-dimensional entrainment wake model.

[0082] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0083] The technical solution of the present invention obtains the one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine and converts it into two dimensions, thereby constructing a corresponding two-dimensional entrainment wake model, and then combining the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in the surge motion, as well as the wind shear inflow and the tower shadow effect, so as to perform wind speed superposition to establish the corresponding inflow model of the wind turbine, thereby solving the technical problem that the existing three-dimensional analytical model of the wind turbine wake lacks consideration of complex marine environmental factors such as offshore wind shear, wave motion, and tower shadow effect, and cannot accurately calculate the offshore wind turbine wake field, thereby reducing the reliability of the offshore wind turbine operation. Finally, under full consideration of the influence of the inflow wind speed shear and surge motion on the wind turbine wake field, the two-dimensional entrainment wake model is coupled to build a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the offshore wind turbine wake field, and accurately and efficiently simulating the wake characteristics of the offshore floating wind turbine, which can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the wind farm energy output, and has significant significance for designing more efficient and reliable wind turbine generator sets, ensuring their long-term stable operation, and extending their service life.

[0084] Embodiment 2

[0085] See also Figure 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the steps of obtaining a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine in this embodiment, and converting the one-dimensional entrainment wake model into a two-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model, specifically including steps S201 to S205:

[0086] Step S201: Obtain a preset linear entrainment wake model of a wind turbine.

[0087] In this embodiment, the preset linear entrainment wake model of the wind turbine is used to characterize the linear wake effect of the wind turbine. It can be determined directly by reading the design parameters corresponding to the wind turbine group, or a traditional linear wake analytical model can be directly used as the preset linear entrainment wake model in this embodiment. Preferably, it can be the LEWM model (Linearized Entrainment Wake Model), which simplifies the complex flow characteristics of the wake through linearization processing, making it easier to calculate and analyze.

[0088] Step S202: constructing a mass model of the wind turbine based on the one-dimensional momentum theory and the preset pressure gradient change value.

[0089] In this embodiment, according to the one-dimensional momentum theory and assuming that the pressure gradient change in the pressure recovery zone is 0, a mass model of the wind turbine is constructed, and then the mass model is coupled with the linear entrainment wake model to obtain a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine.

[0090] In this embodiment, the preset pressure gradient change value refers to the pressure gradient change value of the wind turbine pressure recovery zone. Preferably, the preset pressure gradient change value is 0, and the mass model of the wind turbine is constructed according to the one-dimensional momentum theory and the preset pressure gradient change value (the preset pressure gradient change value is 0, i.e., there is no pressure gradient change). Among them, the one-dimensional momentum theory is used to describe the conservation of momentum in fluid flow. It is based on the principle of conservation of momentum. In the absence of external force, the total momentum in the fluid system remains unchanged, which can be expressed by mathematical equations, and the behavior of fluid flow can be predicted by solving these equations.

[0091] Step S203: coupling the preset linear entrainment wake model and the mass model to construct a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine.

[0092] In this embodiment, a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine is constructed by coupling a preset linear entrainment wake model, preferably a LEWM model, with a mass model.

[0093] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the velocity of the fluid outside the control body in the one-dimensional entrainment wake model carried through the turbulent interface is proportional to the absolute value of the flow velocity difference through the turbulent interface.

[0094] Step S204: Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, combined with the conservation of mass and momentum, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed.

[0095] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, combined with mass conservation and momentum conservation, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed, specifically including:

[0096] The entrainment velocity is determined according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model; according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, combined with the mass conservation, the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, so as to determine the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model; according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the momentum conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined; based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, combined with the mass conservation equation and the momentum conservation equation, the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined.

[0097] In this embodiment, the one-dimensional entrainment model represents the velocity of the control fluid carried through the turbulent interface, which is proportional to the absolute value of the flow velocity difference through the turbulent interface, and is specifically expressed as:

[0098]

[0099] Where: Indicates the suction speed, represents the wake velocity, is the free-flow wind speed, is the entrainment parameter, usually taken as 0.15.

[0100] In this embodiment, the mass conservation equation in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model can be determined by combining the entrainment velocity in the one-dimensional entrainment wake model with the conservation of mass. Similarly, the momentum conservation equation in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model can also be determined by combining the conservation of momentum.

[0101] In this embodiment, an initial wake model of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed based on the Gaussian distribution assumption within the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment engineering wake model and on the basis of satisfying the conservation of mass and momentum.

[0102] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, combined with mass conservation, the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, so as to determine the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, specifically including:

[0103] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter are obtained; the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, and the net mass flow rate of the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined to be equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid mass in the control body, which is used as the mass conservation equation, by combining the mass conservation and the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter.

[0104] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the momentum conservation equation in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined, which specifically includes:

[0105] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter are obtained; the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, and combined with the mass conservation and the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter, it is determined that the fluid momentum of the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid momentum in the control body, which is used as the momentum conservation equation.

[0106] In this embodiment, within the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model (such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, combined with the law of conservation of mass, it is assumed that the fluid in the control body flows uniformly, that is, the net mass flow through the control body is equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid mass in the control body:

[0107]

[0108] Where: represents the infinitesimal flow element length, represents the wake diameter.

[0109] Similarly, the momentum conservation equation in the control body is listed as:

[0110]

[0111] In this embodiment, on the basis of satisfying the conservation of mass and momentum, based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, the definition of the wake model is further derived as follows:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, is the maximum wake distribution function of the axial flow, and about, among which It can be determined by the center of the wind wheel , and then calculate it.

[0114] Step S205: Linearize the initial wake model, and construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model based on the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model.

[0115] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the initial wake model is linearized, and combined with the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed, which specifically includes:

[0116] Based on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the initial wake model, the fluid mass flow rate of the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to be constructed is set equal to the fluid mass flow rate of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model at the section passing through the wake radius, thereby obtaining the maximum speed loss expression at the center of the wind wheel; the maximum speed loss expression is integrated and solved to obtain the maximum speed loss; according to the maximum speed loss, a linear expression for linearizing the initial wake model is constructed; based on the linear expression, the maximum speed loss and the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model are combined to jointly construct the two-dimensional entrainment wake model.

[0117] In this embodiment, in order to calculate the maximum speed loss of the wind wheel center in the above-mentioned Gaussian distribution assumed mathematical model, , assuming that the mass flow rate of the fluid in the two-dimensional Gaussian entrainment wake is equal to the mass flow rate of the fluid in the one-dimensional entrainment wake model at the section passing through the wake radius, that is:

[0118]

[0119] In the formula, represents the standard deviation of the wake. To close the equation, assume ,in, is the wake radius.

[0120] The integral can be obtained as , that is, the maximum speed loss expression is:

[0121]

[0122] in, is a defined variable, the formula is as follows:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, Indicates the downstream position very close to the wind rotor, is the thrust coefficient, , is the axial induction factor, is the wind wheel diameter.

[0125] In this embodiment, the wake model is linearized, and its formula is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] In the formula, represents the linear expansion wake diameter, is the initial wake diameter, represents the linear wake model coefficient, and the formula is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] in:

[0130]

[0131] In the formula, It represents the flow distance from the center of the wind rotor to the initial wake expansion point.

[0132] By combining equations (1), (3), (4), and (5), we can obtain the two-dimensional Gaussian wake model, which is as follows:

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] In the above formula, is the wake velocity after linearization, is the free-flow wind speed, is the maximum velocity loss expression for axial flow, is the distance from a certain point in the wake field to the centerline of the wind rotor, For the defined variables, is the standard deviation of the wake generated by the Gaussian distribution function, is the entrainment coefficient, , is the thrust coefficient, , is the axial induction factor, is the downstream distance of the wind rotor, It is a downstream position very close to the wind rotor.

[0136] See also Figure 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the steps of constructing an inflow induced wind speed model based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in surge motion in this embodiment, including the following steps S301-S302:

[0137] S301: constructing an instantaneous wind speed value of the wind turbine based on the wind and wave motion period, wind and wave motion displacement, wind and wave motion frequency and wind and wave motion amplitude of the wind turbine in surge motion.

[0138] In this embodiment, factors affecting the power of the wind turbine during surge motion include but are not limited to the wind and wave motion period, wind and wave motion displacement, wind and wave motion frequency and wind and wave motion amplitude.

[0139] S302: Determine an average wind speed of the wind turbine based on the instantaneous wind speed value of the wind turbine, and establish an inflow induced wind speed model of the wind turbine in surge motion based on the average wind speed value.

[0140] In this embodiment, the surge motion causes a significant change in the vector relationship between the angle of attack of the wind rotor relative to the incoming flow and the inflow wind speed, which has a significant impact on the performance of the wind turbine. Based on the impact of the surge motion on the wind turbine, the induced wind speed of the inflow is established. , the formula is as follows:

[0141]

[0142] in:

[0143]

[0144] In the formula, is the instantaneous value of wind speed, is the average wind speed, is the wind and wave motion cycle, , To calculate the start and end time of the average induced wind speed, is the number of cycles; , , They represent the displacement, frequency and amplitude of wind and wave motion respectively.

[0145] See also Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the steps of establishing the inflow model of the wind turbine based on the wind shear inflow and the tower shadow effect and combining the inflow induced wind speed model for wind speed superposition in this embodiment, including the following steps S401-S404:

[0146] Step S401: Based on the inflow wind speed at the wind turbine hub height, the atmospheric roughness length and the wind speed logarithmic inflow expression, the friction speed of the wind turbine is obtained.

[0147] Step S402: Based on the friction velocity, the atmospheric roughness length and the wind speed logarithmic inflow expression, a logarithmic inflow function of the wind shear inflow changing along the vertical height is constructed.

[0148] In this embodiment, wind shear describes the change of wind speed in the vertical direction, which has a significant impact on the performance of the wind turbine. Based on the wind shear inflow effect, a logarithmic inflow function is used, and the formula is as follows:

[0149]

[0150] In the formula, is the friction speed, is the von Karman constant, which is 0.4187. is the vertical height, is the atmospheric roughness length.

[0151] In this embodiment, the atmospheric roughness length can be obtained by directly measuring the wind speed data at different heights by setting wind speed measuring instruments, such as anemometers, at different heights, and then calculating the atmospheric roughness length based on the wind speed data; further, the digital surface model can be applied to the geometric model and the fluid dynamics model through the geometric model and the fluid dynamics model, so that the interaction between the airflow and the roughness elements can be observed more finely to obtain the corresponding atmospheric roughness length.

[0152] Step S403: Based on the tower height of the wind turbine, the height of the wind rotor hub and the distance from the tower centerline to the wind rotor plane, construct an expression for the disturbed free stream wind speed of the wind turbine under the tower shadow effect.

[0153] In this embodiment, the tower shadow effect refers to the fact that the tower causes the wind to deflect when passing through, resulting in a decrease in wind speed behind the tower, thereby forming a speed reduction area at the wind rotor plane. Based on the tower shadow effect, the disturbed free stream wind speed at the wind rotor plane is expressed as:

[0154]

[0155] In the formula is the tower radius, is the wheel hub height, Consider The distance from the tower centerline to the wind rotor plane is calculated as follows:

[0156]

[0157] In the formula, is the wind wheel inclination angle.

[0158] Step S404: linearly superimpose the inflow induced wind speed model, the logarithmic inflow function and the disturbance free stream wind speed expression to establish an inflow model of the wind turbine.

[0159] In this embodiment, the wind speed superposition effect is to regard the inflow wind speed of the wind turbine as the effect of the superposition of multiple different components. Based on the linear superposition assumption of superposition theory, the inflow wind speed of the offshore floating wind turbine is:

[0160]

[0161] Therefore, simultaneous equations (10), (12), (13), and (15) can be obtained. Considering the influence of wind shear, tower shadow effect, and surge motion on the wake field, the disturbed free stream wind speed (inflow expression) at the rotor plane is:

[0162]

[0163] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the inflow model includes: an inflow induced wind speed model, a logarithmic inflow function and a disturbed free stream wind speed; the inflow induced wind speed model is used to characterize the average induced wind speed of the wind turbine during surge motion; the logarithmic inflow function is used to characterize the free stream wind speed of the wind turbine when the inflow wind speed is sheared; the disturbed free stream wind speed expression is used to characterize the disturbed free stream wind speed of the wind turbine when the wind is deflected after passing through.

[0164] In this embodiment, the surge motion causes a significant change in the vector relationship between the angle of attack of the wind rotor relative to the incoming flow and the inflow wind speed, which has a significant impact on the performance of the wind turbine; wind shear describes the change in wind speed in the vertical direction, which has a significant impact on the performance of the wind turbine; the tower shadow effect refers to the presence of the tower causing the wind to deflect when passing through, resulting in a decrease in wind speed behind the tower, thereby forming a speed reduction area at the plane of the wind rotor.

[0165] It should be noted that, based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine under the inflow wind speed shear and surge motion, the inflow induced wind speed model, logarithmic inflow function and disturbed free stream wind speed of the wind turbine are established, and the inflow induced wind speed model, logarithmic inflow function and disturbed free stream wind speed are combined to obtain the inflow model corresponding to the wind turbine, wherein the power influencing factors include but are not limited to the wind and wave motion period, the displacement, frequency, amplitude, atmospheric roughness length, tower radius and hub height of the wind and wave motion.

[0166] See also Figure 6 , which is a schematic diagram of the steps of coupling the inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake model in this embodiment to build a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine, specifically including the following steps S501-S503:

[0167] Step S501: coupling the inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to establish an initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

[0168] Step S502: Based on the pitch motion of the wind turbine, determine the pitch motion relationship between the distance from the center line of the wind turbine tower to the wind rotor plane and the tower radius.

[0169] Step S503: Based on the pitch motion relationship and the initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model, a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the final wind turbine is constructed.

[0170] In this embodiment, the inflow model is coupled with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to obtain a three-dimensional entrainment model of the wake of an offshore floating wind turbine.

[0171] The inflow expression is combined with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to simultaneously establish equations (8) and (16) to preliminarily establish a three-dimensional entrainment model for the wake of an offshore floating wind turbine. The formula is as follows:

[0172]

[0173] Based on the pitch motion of the wind turbine, , so the three-dimensional entrainment model of the wake of an offshore floating wind turbine is expressed as:

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the model of the wind turbine can also be constructed and simulated by CFD numerical simulation. When performing numerical simulation of the wake of an offshore floating wind turbine by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, the following is used:

[0177]

[0178] As its inflow conditions, among which:

[0179]

[0180] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the accuracy of modeling can be determined by verifying the modeling method. For example, the prediction accuracy of the proposed three-dimensional entrainment wake model can be verified by taking the measured data of the GH wind tunnel as an example. The wind turbine parameters are shown in Table 1. The measured data are the wind speeds at the hub height at 2.5D and 7.5D downstream of the wind turbine with representative characteristics of the near and far wakes of the wind turbine generator set, and D represents the diameter of the wind rotor.

[0181] The near and far wake prediction results of the GH wind tunnel using this embodiment are as follows: Figure 7 As shown in (a) and (b).

[0182] In this example, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model was obtained based on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the mass conservation equation and the momentum conservation equation, and assuming that the wake is Gaussian distributed along the radial direction of the wind rotor; then, considering the shear effect of the inflow wind speed and the pitch and fluctuation of the offshore floating wind turbine caused by wind and waves, an inflow model under coupling was established; finally, by combining the inflow model with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model, a three-dimensional entrainment wake model of the floating wind turbine under the action of wind waves and shear effects was finally obtained.

[0183]

[0184] Table 1 Wind turbine parameters

[0185] It is understandable that accurately and efficiently simulating the wake characteristics of offshore floating wind turbines is crucial to improving the prediction accuracy of wind farm energy output, which is of great significance for designing more efficient and reliable wind turbines, ensuring their long-term stable operation and extending their service life.

[0186] The three-dimensional entrainment wake model of the offshore floating wind turbine proposed in the present invention can accurately predict the wake velocity distribution of the offshore wind turbine in a variable marine environment, thereby providing key flow field data for the downstream wind turbine. Accordingly, by optimizing the operation control strategy of the wind turbine, the energy capture efficiency of the downstream wind turbine can be effectively improved, thereby improving the energy output of the entire wind farm. In addition, this model also helps to reduce the fatigue damage of wind turbine components caused by the wake effect, thereby extending the operating life of the wind farm and providing protection for the economic benefits of the offshore wind farm.

[0187] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0188] The technical solution of the present invention obtains a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine and converts it into two dimensions to obtain a two-dimensional entrainment wake model. Based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine under the inflow wind speed shear, surge motion and tower shadow effect, an inflow model of the wind turbine is established. By coupling the two-dimensional entrainment wake model with the inflow model, a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine is constructed, which solves the technical problem that the existing three-dimensional analytical model of the wind turbine wake lacks consideration of complex marine environmental factors such as offshore wind shear and wave motion, and cannot accurately calculate the offshore wind turbine wake field, thereby reducing the reliability of the offshore wind turbine operation. At the same time, this embodiment fully considers the influence of the inflow wind speed shear and surge motion on the wind turbine wake field, and constructs a wind turbine entrainment wake model based on the law of conservation of mass and conservation of momentum, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the offshore wind turbine wake field.

[0189] Embodiment 3

[0190] See also Figure 8 , which is a three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling device for a wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a two-dimensional model building module 01, a wind speed module building module 02, an inflow model building module 03 and a three-dimensional model building module 04;

[0191] The two-dimensional model building module 01 is used to obtain a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine, and to perform two-dimensional processing on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0192] The wind speed module construction module 02 is used to construct an inflow induced wind speed model based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine during surge motion;

[0193] Inflow model building module 03, used to build the inflow model of the wind turbine based on wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect and wind speed superposition combined with the inflow induced wind speed model;

[0194] The three-dimensional model building module 04 is used to couple the inflow model with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to build a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

[0195] As a preferred solution, a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine is obtained, specifically including:

[0196] Obtain a preset linear entrainment wake model of a wind turbine;

[0197] Based on the one-dimensional momentum theory and the preset pressure gradient change value, the mass model of the wind turbine is constructed;

[0198] The preset linear entrainment wake model and the mass model are coupled together to construct a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine.

[0199] As a preferred solution, the velocity of the fluid outside the control body in the one-dimensional entrainment wake model carried through the turbulent interface is proportional to the absolute value of the streamwise velocity difference through the turbulent interface.

[0200] As a preferred solution, the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is processed into two dimensions to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model, which specifically includes:

[0201] Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, combined with mass conservation and momentum conservation, the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed;

[0202] The initial wake model is linearized and combined with the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model.

[0203] As a preferred solution, based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, combined with mass conservation and momentum conservation, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed, specifically including:

[0204] Determine the entrainment velocity based on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0205] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model and in combination with mass conservation, the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, thereby determining the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model;

[0206] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the momentum conservation equation in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined;

[0207] Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption and combining the mass conservation equation and momentum conservation equation, the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined.

[0208] As a preferred solution, according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, combined with mass conservation, the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, so as to determine the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, specifically including:

[0209] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the streamwise microelement length and the wake diameter are obtained;

[0210] The fluid flow in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform. Combining mass conservation, streamwise infinitesimal length and wake diameter, the net mass flow rate of the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined to be equal to the rate of change of the mass reduction of the fluid in the control volume, which is used as the mass conservation equation.

[0211] As a preferred solution, according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the momentum conservation equation in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined, which specifically includes:

[0212] According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the streamwise microelement length and the wake diameter are obtained;

[0213] The fluid flow in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform. Combining mass conservation, streamwise infinitesimal length and wake diameter, the momentum of the fluid in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined to be equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid momentum in the control volume, which is used as the momentum conservation equation.

[0214] As a preferred solution, the initial wake model is linearized, and combined with the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed, which specifically includes:

[0215] Based on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the initial wake model, the fluid mass flow rate of the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to be constructed is set to be equal to the fluid mass flow rate of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model at the section passing through the wake radius, thereby obtaining the maximum velocity loss expression at the center of the wind rotor;

[0216] Integrate and solve the maximum speed loss expression to obtain the maximum speed loss;

[0217] According to the maximum speed loss, a linear expression for linearization of the initial wake model is constructed;

[0218] Based on the linear expression, the maximum velocity loss and the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model are combined to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model.

[0219] As a preferred solution, based on the power influencing factors of wind turbines in surge motion, an inflow induced wind speed model is constructed, which specifically includes:

[0220] Based on the wind-wave motion period, wind-wave motion displacement, wind-wave motion frequency and wind-wave motion amplitude of the wind turbine in surge motion, the instantaneous wind speed value of the wind turbine is constructed;

[0221] Based on the instantaneous value of the wind speed of the wind turbine, the average wind speed of the wind turbine is determined, and based on the average wind speed, an inflow induced wind speed model of the wind turbine in surge motion is established.

[0222] As a preferred solution, based on wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect, combined with the inflow induced wind speed model for wind speed superposition, the inflow model of the wind turbine is established, which specifically includes:

[0223] Based on the inflow wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine, the atmospheric roughness length and the logarithmic inflow expression of the wind speed, the friction speed of the wind turbine is obtained;

[0224] According to the friction velocity, atmospheric roughness length and wind speed logarithmic inflow expression, the logarithmic inflow function of wind shear inflow changing along the vertical height is constructed.

[0225] Based on the tower height, rotor hub height and the distance from the tower centerline to the wind rotor plane of the wind turbine, the expression of the disturbed free stream wind speed of the wind turbine under the tower shadow effect is constructed.

[0226] The inflow model of the wind turbine is established by linearly superposing the inflow induced wind speed model, the logarithmic inflow function and the disturbed free stream wind speed expression.

[0227] As a preferred solution, the inflow model includes: an inflow induced wind speed model, a logarithmic inflow function and a disturbed free stream wind speed;

[0228] The inflow induced wind speed model is used to characterize the average induced wind speed of the wind turbine during surge motion;

[0229] The logarithmic inflow function is used to characterize the freeflow wind speed of the wind turbine when the inflow wind speed is sheared;

[0230] The expression for the disturbed freestream wind speed is used to characterize the disturbed freestream wind speed of a wind turbine when the wind is deflected after passing through it.

[0231] As a preferred solution, the inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake model are coupled to build a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine, which specifically includes:

[0232] The inflow model is coupled with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to establish an initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

[0233] Based on the pitching motion of the wind turbine, determine the pitching motion relationship between the distance from the center line of the wind turbine tower to the wind rotor plane and the tower radius;

[0234] Based on the pitch motion relationship and the initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model, a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the final wind turbine is constructed.

[0235] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0236] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0237] The technical solution of the present invention obtains the one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine and converts it into two dimensions, thereby constructing a corresponding two-dimensional entrainment wake model, and then combining the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in the surge motion, as well as the wind shear inflow and the tower shadow effect, so as to perform wind speed superposition to establish the corresponding inflow model of the wind turbine, thereby solving the technical problem that the existing three-dimensional analytical model of the wind turbine wake lacks consideration of complex marine environmental factors such as offshore wind shear, wave motion, and tower shadow effect, and cannot accurately calculate the offshore wind turbine wake field, thereby reducing the reliability of the offshore wind turbine operation. Finally, under full consideration of the influence of the inflow wind speed shear and surge motion on the wind turbine wake field, the two-dimensional entrainment wake model is coupled to build a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the offshore wind turbine wake field, and accurately and efficiently simulating the wake characteristics of the offshore floating wind turbine, which can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the wind farm energy output, and has significant significance for designing more efficient and reliable wind turbine generator sets, ensuring their long-term stable operation, and extending their service life.

[0238] Embodiment 3

[0239] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a terminal device, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of a wind turbine according to any one of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0240] The terminal device of this embodiment includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program and computer instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, each step in the above embodiment 1 is implemented, for example Figure 1 Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, the functions of each module / unit in the above device embodiment are implemented, such as the inflow model building module 03.

[0241] Exemplarily, the computer program can be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more modules / units are stored in a memory and executed by a processor to complete the present invention. One or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments that can perform specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program in a terminal device. For example, the inflow model construction module 03 is used to establish an inflow model of a wind turbine based on wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect, and to perform wind speed superposition in combination with an inflow induced wind speed model.

[0242] The terminal device may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, and a cloud server. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a terminal device and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device. The terminal device may include more or fewer components than shown in the diagram, or may combine certain components, or different components. For example, the terminal device may also include an input / output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.

[0243] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor is the control center of the terminal device, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire terminal device.

[0244] The memory can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. The processor realizes various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory. The memory can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, at least one application required for a function, etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the mobile terminal, etc. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0245] Among them, if the module / unit integrated in the terminal device is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0246] Embodiment 4

[0247] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of a wind turbine as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0248] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine, characterized in that: include: Acquire a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine, and perform two-dimensional processing on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model; Based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in surge motion, an inflow induced wind speed model is constructed; Based on the wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect, and in combination with the inflow induced wind speed model, wind speed superposition is performed to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine; The inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake model are coupled to construct a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

2. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine specifically includes: Obtain a preset linear entrainment wake model of a wind turbine; Constructing a mass model of the wind turbine based on the one-dimensional momentum theory and a preset pressure gradient change value; The preset linear entrainment wake model and the mass model are coupled and constructed to obtain a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of the wind turbine.

3. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The velocity of the fluid outside the control body in the one-dimensional entrainment wake model carried by the turbulent interface is proportional to the absolute value of the streamwise velocity difference across the turbulent interface.

4. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-dimensional entrainment wake model is subjected to two-dimensional processing to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model, specifically comprising: Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption and in combination with mass conservation and momentum conservation, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed; The initial wake model is linearized, and combined with the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed.

5. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption, combined with mass conservation and momentum conservation, the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is constructed, which specifically includes: Determining the entrainment velocity according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model; According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, combined with mass conservation, setting the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to be uniform, thereby determining the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model; Determining a momentum conservation equation within a control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model; Based on the Gaussian distribution assumption and in combination with the mass conservation equation and the momentum conservation equation, an initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined.

6. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, combined with mass conservation, setting the fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to be uniform, thereby determining the mass conservation equation in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, specifically includes: According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter are obtained; The fluid flow in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to be uniform, and the net mass flow rate of the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined to be equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid mass in the control body, as the mass conservation equation, by combining mass conservation, the flow direction microelement length and the wake diameter.

7. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Determining the momentum conservation equation in the control volume of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model according to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model specifically includes: According to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, the flow direction micro-element length and the wake diameter are obtained; The fluid in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is set to flow uniformly, and the momentum of the fluid in the control body of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model is determined to be equal to the rate of change of the reduction of the fluid momentum in the control body, as the momentum conservation equation, by combining mass conservation, the streamwise infinitesimal length and the wake diameter.

8. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The linearization of the initial wake model and the construction of a two-dimensional entrainment wake model in combination with the maximum velocity loss obtained based on the initial wake model specifically include: Based on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the initial wake model, the fluid mass flow rate of the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to be constructed is set to be equal to the fluid mass flow rate of the one-dimensional entrainment wake model at the section passing through the wake radius, thereby obtaining the maximum velocity loss expression of the wind rotor center; Integrate and solve the maximum speed loss expression to obtain the maximum speed loss; According to the maximum speed loss, a linear expression for linearizing the initial wake model is constructed; Based on the linear expression, combined with the maximum velocity loss and the initial wake model corresponding to the one-dimensional entrainment wake model, a two-dimensional entrainment wake model is jointly constructed.

9. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The inflow induced wind speed model is constructed based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in surge motion, specifically including: Constructing an instantaneous wind speed value of the wind turbine based on the wind and wave motion period, wind and wave motion displacement, wind and wave motion frequency and wind and wave motion amplitude of the wind turbine in surge motion; Based on the instantaneous wind speed value of the wind turbine, an average wind speed value of the wind turbine is determined, and based on the average wind speed value, an inflow induced wind speed model of the wind turbine in surge motion is established.

10. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect are combined with the inflow induced wind speed model to perform wind speed superposition to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine, which specifically includes: Obtaining the friction speed of the wind turbine based on the inflow wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine, the atmospheric roughness length and the logarithmic inflow expression of the wind speed; According to the friction velocity, the atmospheric roughness length and the logarithmic inflow expression of the wind speed, a logarithmic inflow function of the wind shear inflow changing along the vertical height is constructed; Based on the tower height, the wind rotor hub height and the distance from the tower centerline to the wind rotor plane of the wind turbine, construct an expression for the disturbed free stream wind speed of the wind turbine under the tower shadow effect; The inflow induced wind speed model, the logarithmic inflow function and the disturbance free flow wind speed expression are linearly superimposed to establish the inflow model of the wind turbine.

11. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The inflow model includes: an inflow induced wind speed model, a logarithmic inflow function and a disturbed free stream wind speed; The inflow induced wind speed model is used to characterize the average induced wind speed of the wind turbine during surge motion; The logarithmic inflow function is used to characterize the free flow wind speed of the wind turbine when the inflow wind speed is sheared; The disturbance free stream wind speed expression is used to characterize the disturbance free stream wind speed of a wind turbine when the wind is deflected after passing through.

12. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method for a wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The coupling of the inflow model and the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to obtain a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine specifically includes: The inflow model is coupled with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to establish an initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine; Based on the pitching motion of the wind turbine, determining a pitching motion relationship between the distance from the center line of the wind turbine tower to the wind rotor plane and the tower radius; Based on the pitch motion relationship and the initial three-dimensional entrainment wake model, a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the final wind turbine is constructed.

13. A three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling device for a wind turbine, characterized in that: include: a two-dimensional model building module, a wind speed module building module, an inflow model building module, and a three-dimensional model building module; The two-dimensional model building module is used to obtain a one-dimensional entrainment wake model of a wind turbine, and to perform two-dimensional processing on the one-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a two-dimensional entrainment wake model; The wind speed module construction module is used to construct an inflow induced wind speed model based on the power influencing factors of the wind turbine in surge motion; The inflow model building module is used to build the inflow model of the wind turbine based on wind shear inflow and tower shadow effect and wind speed superposition in combination with the inflow induced wind speed model; The three-dimensional model building module is used to couple the inflow model with the two-dimensional entrainment wake model to construct a three-dimensional entrainment wake model corresponding to the wind turbine.

14. A terminal device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of a wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the three-dimensional entrainment wake modeling method of a wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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