Vehicle brake system with higher operational reliability and operating method

Abstract

The invention relates generally to a brake system for a vehicle with higher operational reliability and to a method for operating a brake system for a vehicle with higher operational reliability. The proposed brake system comprises a container with a cavity, a hydraulic module, and an electronic brake controller which is configured to actuate a pressure providing device. The brake controller is arranged in the container. Furthermore, at least one sensor element is provided, which is designed to detect the fluid.

Description

[0001] The present invention generally relates to a vehicle brake system with increased operational reliability and to a method for operating a vehicle brake system with increased operational reliability.

[0002] Service brake systems for motor vehicles are generally known, in which wheels on the front axle or rear axle can be braked by means of wheel brake systems which can be actuated hydroelectrically or hydraulically.

[0003] For this purpose, a hydraulic-electronic brake system can have, for example, a hydraulic module, wherein in particular an electric pressure supply device is arranged in the hydraulic module, which is connected to a brake fluid reservoir and a hydraulically actuated wheel brake system. To achieve a compact design and simple assembly, the required components, such as the pressure supply device and the associated electronic brake controller, can be accommodated in a common module.

[0004] In this case, the braking request of the vehicle driver is usually detected by a corresponding actuating device via a brake pedal, which is designed to determine an actuation signal resulting from the actuation of the vehicle driver and quantifying the braking request and transmit it to a brake control.

[0005] In the case of a hydraulically actuable service brake system, for example, when the brake system is actuated, a reaction is produced on the brake pedal, so that the vehicle driver can obtain brake pedal feedback related to the brake pressure on the wheel brake system. In this way, the vehicle driver is connected to the wheel brake system during normal operation.

[0006] When an electronic brake pedal (also called e-pedal) is used as the actuating device, in the event of a pressure change, the brake pedal can no longer be reacted to via the mechanical or hydraulic connection between the brake pedal and the wheel brake system. This can be disadvantageous, for example, if adverse effects occur with respect to the service brake system due to leaks in the area of ​​the brake fluid system.

[0007] Although leaks in the brake fluid system can in principle be detected with the aid of a brake fluid switch, it is also possible that the brake fluid does not escape from the brake system but accumulates within the brake system. In this way, the brake fluid can also get into the module or into or in the associated components. In the worst case, the overflowing brake fluid can come into contact with the brake control, for example, which can affect the control of the wheel brake system.

[0008] If the loss of brake fluid is reported to the vehicle driver at this time and this possible brake fluid deficit is simply replenished again, this cannot eliminate the problem that the brake fluid overflowing inside the brake system may cause damage. In other words, in this way, leakage occurring inside the brake system cannot be reliably identified in some cases.

[0009] When using an electronic brake pedal, the vehicle driver does not receive any feedback from the brake pedal in these situations that the function of the brake system may be adversely affected. This means that the vehicle driver can no longer directly recognize changes in the service brake system, for example due to a leak in the brake fluid reservoir. As a result, the vehicle driver can no longer recognize possible deterioration of the brake system or cannot recognize it quickly enough.

[0010] In this respect, this can be problematic, since such a leak inside the brake system can lead to undetected adverse effects on the braking capacity. This is also disadvantageous for semi-automatic driving modes of level 2 or more or fully automatic driving modes.

[0011] The invention is therefore based on the technical problem of providing a brake system, in particular for a motor vehicle, and a method for actuating such a brake system which does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages and therefore has a higher operational reliability.

[0012] In addition, it is expected that the braking system can also be applied to semi-automatic driving modes above level 2 or even fully automatic driving modes.

[0013] The present inventors have solved this technical problem.

[0014] This object is achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by a brake system as part of a brake system, in particular for a motor vehicle, and a method for operating a brake system according to any one of the independent claims.

[0015] Preferred embodiments and developments of the invention can be gathered from the respective dependent claims, the content of which is expressly referred to the content of the present description.

[0016] In a first aspect, the subject matter of the invention is therefore a brake device as part of a brake system, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising:

[0017] A container having a cavity;

[0018] A hydraulic module having a pressure providing device;

[0019] an electronic brake controller configured to control the pressure providing device,

[0020] The electronic brake controller is arranged in the container.

[0021] At least one sensor element is provided, the at least one sensor element being configured to detect a fluid,

[0022] The sensor element is arranged in the container or in the hydraulic module.

[0023] The brake system can be part of a service brake system, in particular for a motor vehicle.

[0024] The container is preferably designed to be closed to protect the electronic brake controller and to define the cavity in this way. Here, the brake controller is at least partially, preferably completely, arranged in the cavity of the container.

[0025] The pressure supply device can also be arranged in the container. However, in many cases, this is disadvantageous. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, it is proposed that the pressure supply device is arranged in a so-called hydraulic module and the electronic brake controller is arranged in a container separate therefrom, wherein the container and the hydraulic module can be fixedly connected to each other.

[0026] Here, the container for the electronic brake controller can be mounted beside the hydraulic module, but can also be located below it, for example for space reasons. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic module and the container containing the electronic brake controller and possibly other devices, such as an associated brake fluid reservoir, can be formed and provided together as a module.

[0027] Furthermore, it is proposed independently of this that further devices and components for the brake system or wheel brake system can be accommodated in the container.

[0028] According to the invention, at least one sensor element is provided in the container, which is configured to detect fluid. Here, the at least one sensor element is preferably arranged in the container or hydraulic module at a position pointing toward the bottom during operation, so as to detect the incoming fluid as early as possible.

[0029] The brake system may include a switching unit for processing the signal of the at least one sensor element. However, the switching unit may also be designed as part of a brake controller or integrated into the brake controller. The brake controller or the switching unit may also include at least one storage unit, for example, to store measured values ​​of the sensor element. The sensor element is connected to the electronic brake controller or the switching unit, so that the sensor element can be powered and controlled, and the switching unit or the brake controller can receive the signal of the sensor.

[0030] Fluids can generally include liquid media, which can be understood in particular to mean brake fluid, oil, water, coolant, steering fluid or other liquids that may be present or exist in connection with the operation of the vehicle.

[0031] The sensor element is configured to identify or detect the presence or occurrence of a fluid. In other words, the sensor element can identify the fluid and generate a signal, which can be transmitted to an electronic brake controller or a switching unit when the sensor element comes into contact with the fluid. The sensor signal can be retrieved or the sensor element can be monitored periodically or continuously. For this purpose, a suitable controller can be provided.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the container or the hydraulic module may comprise a bottom or a bottom area, preferably with a groove, which defines the deepest point of the container in the assembled position, in particular in the operating state of the brake device. For this purpose, the bottom can advantageously be designed to gradually slope towards the groove. Compared to a flatter bottom area, this can ensure that the fluid in the container accumulates at a defined position in the groove. Therefore, the fluid in the container can be detected reliably and quickly. Where possible, staggered or twisted portions should be avoided in the bottom area, because this may affect the flow of the fluid towards the groove, so that the incoming fluid may not be detected in time.

[0033] In a further development of the present invention, at least one rib directed toward the groove may be provided in the bottom portion. This may quickly direct the fluid toward the groove, where the fluid may be detected.

[0034] In principle, it is undesirable for fluid to be present in the container or the hydraulic module during operation, since if the fluid comes into contact with the electronic brake controller, which is usually designed as a circuit board or can include a circuit board, adverse effects and / or damage can occur at the brake controller. For example, electronic components can be damaged, which can have an adverse effect on the function of the brake system. Corrosion can also occur.

[0035] In this case, a fluid, for example a liquid from the surroundings, may enter the container with the brake controller from the outside due to leaks in the container. However, for example, if the pressure supply device has leaks, the fluid may also overflow from the hydraulic module and enter the container. The hydraulic module may, for example, include valves from which the fluid, in particular the brake fluid, may also overflow. In this way, for example, the brake fluid may enter the container with the electronic brake controller.

[0036] Preferably, the at least one sensor element is arranged in or near the bottom region of the container or hydraulic module in order to be able to quickly detect possible fluids. Advantageously, the at least one sensor element is arranged in the region of the groove or even inside the groove when installation space conditions permit, in order to be able to quickly and reliably detect fluids.

[0037] Instead of a single sensor element (which therefore represents a discrete measuring point), according to a refinement of the invention, a plurality of sensor elements can also be provided, which can be spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction. In this way, a plurality of discrete measuring points can be provided, which can detect different heights or levels of the fluid in the container or hydraulic module.

[0038] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the container is formed in two parts, wherein an intermediate wall separates a first subvolume and a second subvolume from one another. Thus, a part of the cavity of the container is defined as a subvolume. The two-part design allows a double arrangement of the brake control, so that components important for the function of the brake system can be present in duplicate and thus provide redundancy.

[0039] For this purpose, a first electronic brake controller may be arranged in the first subvolume and a second electronic brake controller may be arranged in the second subvolume.

[0040] Thus, for example, during normal operation, the wheel brake system can be operated with the aid of the first electronic brake controller in the first subvolume. In the event that the first brake controller in the first subvolume is adversely affected or fails, a switch can be made to the second brake controller in the second subvolume. For this purpose, it is advantageous if, as far as technically possible, the intermediate wall is designed to be fluid-tight, thereby protecting the second subvolume of the container from the ingress of fluid from the first subvolume.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the brake controller comprises at least one printed circuit board (PCB), wherein the sensor element is formed on the printed circuit board or is formed as part of the printed circuit board. This allows particularly simple and cost-effective production and assembly.

[0042] The at least one sensor element is preferably arranged on a section of the circuit board that points to the bottom during operation. In a preferred embodiment, the section of the circuit board that points to the bottom during operation contains no other electronic or other components, so that the sensor element is almost the component of the circuit board that is located at the deepest position during normal operation. The section pointing to the bottom is therefore the area of ​​the circuit board that adjoins the lower edge of the edge of the circuit board that points to the bottom. In this way, the ingress of fluid can be detected particularly advantageously by the sensor element before other components can come into contact with the ingress of fluid.

[0043] According to a refinement of the invention, the circuit board can also include a protruding area or protrusion at an edge that points toward the bottom during operation. The at least one sensor element can then advantageously be placed on the protrusion. In this way, the surface of the circuit board can be particularly advantageously used for the required components, and the layout planning can be placed without major changes or without the need for changing the layout planning.

[0044] Advantageously, the projection is geometrically or structurally adapted to the recess in the bottom region of the container. This makes it possible to arrange the projection together with the sensor element at least partially in the recess.

[0045] According to another embodiment, however, the sensor element can also be designed as a separate component. This allows for greater flexibility in the arrangement of the recess and the circuit board.

[0046] In a preferred design of the present invention, the at least one sensor element is designed as a conductivity sensor. To this end, according to an embodiment, two conductor paths can be arranged on a circuit board at a small spacing relative to each other (for example, one millimeter or several millimeters), and the two conductor paths are in electrical contact and a voltage is applied. In the case of contact with a fluid, an electrical connection can be established between the two conductors and an electrical short circuit can be generated, which can be recognized by a switching unit or a brake controller. In other words, the electrical contacts of the two conductors are electrically insulated from each other by an insulating path, wherein the insulating path can be bridged by a fluid. Here, a measured value of an electrical variable generated between the electrical contacts can be obtained.

[0047] Thus, in the case of at least one sensor element or discrete measuring point, the switching unit can obtain a signal or information that fluid is present at the measuring point. This can indicate, for example, that brake fluid has entered a reservoir or a recess of a hydraulic module. In the case of a plurality of sensor elements or a plurality of discrete measuring points, information about the height of the fluid level can also be obtained. In this way, for example, a leakage rate can also be determined.

[0048] The switching unit or the electronic brake controller is preferably configured to process this information and initiate corresponding actions based on the stored fault data or records and by means of decision logic. These actions may, for example, include warning indications to the vehicle driver. Therefore, means for generating information or warnings and outputting them to the vehicle driver may also be included.

[0049] Then, for example, the warning light emits yellow or red light within the visual range of the vehicle driver to indicate the degree of danger and adverse effects.

[0050] The invention therefore ensures that in the event of a sudden leakage (for example a sealing ring leaking due to wear or material fatigue), this is detected quickly and corresponding countermeasures can be initiated.

[0051] In a further development of the invention, it is further provided that the control and regulation of the brake system are influenced. This can be achieved, for example, by activating a second brake controller instead of a first brake controller which may be adversely influenced by the ingress of fluid into the first subvolume and thus using it for controlling the wheel brake system. At this point it should be noted that within the scope of the invention no distinction is made between the terms "control" and "regulation". The meaning of the corresponding term is derived from the respective context.

[0052] In a development of the invention, it is also conceivable that the driving mode is terminated according to a predefined program when a critical value is undershot or exceeded (for example in an autonomous driving mode).

[0053] In this way, in the event of a leak in the brake system (for example a leak in the pressure supply device), a fallback stage can be provided particularly easily.

[0054] For this purpose, in a two-part embodiment of the container, it may be sufficient to arrange the at least one sensor element only in the first subvolume in which the brake control for normal operation is located. If fluid is detected in this subvolume, it can be switched to the brake control in the second subvolume and the operating mode of the wheel brake system in the fallback stage as an emergency operating mode can be maintained.

[0055] Since the intermediate wall separating the two subvolumes from each other cannot usually be implemented in a fluid-tight manner, for example because wiring runs through the intermediate wall, it is proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention that a sensor element is arranged in each of the first and second subvolumes accordingly. In this way, information about the incoming fluid can be generated in both subvolumes. This is advantageous insofar as fluid can also enter both subvolumes simultaneously and the function of the brake system can therefore also be monitored.

[0056] For example, if the sensor element detects fluid entering the two subvolumes, a red warning light can signal to the vehicle driver that the brake system is defective and that further driving is not possible. This ensures further increased safety, which is also particularly advantageous for semi-automated or fully automated driving.

[0057] The conductivity sensor described above represents only one possible embodiment of the sensor element. Other embodiments of the sensor element are also contemplated and provided within the meaning of the present invention.

[0058] According to another equally preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sensor element comprising a fluid-sensitive element is provided. Here, the fluid-sensitive element may comprise a material whose at least one property (such as volume or conductivity) changes when it combines with a fluid.

[0059] In a first design of this embodiment, it is proposed that the element comprises a material which expands and thus increases its volume when in contact with a fluid. Due to the expansion, a force which can be detected can be applied to the pressure sensor. Therefore, the volume change can be detected by means of the pressure sensor, which can then output a corresponding signal to the switching unit. The swelling material can comprise a hydrophilic polymer material, such as rubber.

[0060] In a second design, it is proposed that the element comprises a material that shrinks or even dissolves by contact with a fluid. For this purpose, an electrically conductive material can be advantageously selected. The material can be arranged between two electrical conductors. When the material shrinks or even dissolves when in contact with a fluid, the electrical connection is interrupted and the switching unit receives a corresponding signal. Suitable materials can include thermoplastics, in particular polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that can dissolve when in contact with a fluid. This effect can be used to interrupt the electrical contact.

[0061] In a further development, a hygroscopic material is also provided which, when in contact with a fluid, can absorb the fluid and thereby change its properties, in particular its conductivity. The resistance can be measured continuously by means of the brake controller, so that changes in conductivity can be identified and in this way the incoming fluid can be detected.

[0062] According to another embodiment of the invention which is also preferred, a sensor element is provided which comprises a float, wherein the float is arranged movably in the vertical direction. When a specific position is reached or when a predetermined position is left, a corresponding electrical signal can be sent to the switching unit, for example by causing the float to trigger a micro switch at a specific position. It is also considered and achievable to use a reed switch or a reed sensor in combination with a permanent magnet. The float can be arranged, for example, in a hydraulic module.

[0063] According to another embodiment of the present invention, which is also preferred, a sensor element designed as an optical liquid sensor is provided, which includes an emitter that can emit electromagnetic radiation and a light sensor configured to detect this electromagnetic radiation. The emitter can include, for example, a light emitting diode or a laser source. The light sensor can include, for example, a CMOS sensor or a CCD sensor.

[0064] In a first design of this embodiment, it is proposed that the emitter emits electromagnetic radiation directly in the direction of the light sensor. In other words, the light sensor is located in the main radiation direction of the emitter. Advantageously, the emitter and the light sensor are spaced a certain distance from each other so that the fluid can reach between the emitter and the light sensor.

[0065] When the fluid enters the gap between the emitter and the light sensor, the electromagnetic radiation is attenuated due to optical effects (such as light scattering). This attenuation can be detected by the light sensor and output as a corresponding signal to the switching unit.

[0066] However, it is also possible to arrange the emitter in the first subvolume, for example on a circuit board of a first electronic brake controller, and the optical sensor in the second subvolume, for example on a second circuit board of a second electronic brake controller, and to allow the radiation to pass through a through-opening that runs through the hydraulic module. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous to use, for example, a through-hole that is used for the wiring of the two electronic brake controllers. In this way, it is not necessary to arrange emitter and sensor elements separately in each of the two subvolumes, so that this arrangement can be implemented more cost-effectively. It should be understood that the emitter, the optical sensor and the through-opening are arranged here as close to the bottom as possible. With a suitable configuration of the through-hole, fluid escaping from the hydraulic module can be detected very quickly, in particular before the circuit board can be damaged.

[0067] In another design of this embodiment, it is proposed that the transmitter directs electromagnetic radiation in the direction of a reflective element (e.g., a reflector). During normal operation, the reflective element can reflect the incident radiation and deflect it toward the light sensor. For this purpose, the reflective element is advantageously tilted relative to the radiation direction of the transmitter. Here, the reflector can be designed to be very small so that it can be smoothly arranged at the bottom of the container or in a groove (if any). According to another design, the groove can also have a reflective surface, which in this regard forms a reflective element. Once a fluid enters, at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation is diffusely reflected on the surface of the fluid, so that a detectable attenuation also occurs at the light sensor. This design can also be implemented cost-effectively and is highly flexible here, because the reflective element can be arranged at the deepest point of the container without contact.

[0068] In a further aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a method for operating a brake system, in particular a service brake system, of a vehicle, which brake system comprises at least one brake device as described above.

[0069] In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a braking system of a vehicle, in particular a service braking system, comprising at least one braking device as described above. Here, the braking system can be used to control a single wheel, or to control the wheels of a certain axle, or also for all wheels.

[0070] The present invention therefore provides a brake system, in particular for a motor vehicle, and a method for operating such a brake system which has increased operational reliability.

[0071] The invention therefore also provides a braking system for a semi-automated driving mode or an automated driving mode, in particular at level 2 according to SAE J3016.

[0072] Further details of the invention emerge from the description of the illustrated embodiments and from the dependent claims.

[0073] In the attached picture:

[0074] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a circuit diagram of an exemplary brake system;

[0075] Figure 2a A schematic diagram showing an exemplary brake system, showing a possible arrangement of a hydraulic module and a container for accommodating an electronic brake controller;

[0076] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of an exemplary brake system is shown, showing another possible arrangement of a hydraulic module and a container for accommodating an electronic brake controller;

[0077] Figure 3a A partial schematic diagram showing a circuit board having a conductivity sensor;

[0078] Figure 3b A partial schematic diagram showing a circuit board having two conductivity sensors;

[0079] Figure 4a A schematic diagram showing a fluid sensitive element having a pressure sensor;

[0080] Figure 4b A schematic diagram showing a fluid sensing element having electrical contacts;

[0081] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing a sensor element having a float;

[0082] Figure 6a shows a schematic diagram of a sensor element having an optical liquid sensor according to a first embodiment;

[0083] Figure 6b shows a schematic diagram of a sensor element having an optical liquid sensor according to a second embodiment;

[0084] Figure 6c A schematic diagram of a sensor element having an optical liquid sensor with a fluid according to a second exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0085] In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, for the sake of clarity, the same reference numerals represent substantially the same components in or on these embodiments. However, in order to better illustrate the present invention, the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings are not shown to scale.

[0086] Figure 1 The circuit diagram of an exemplary hydraulic electronic brake system 100 is shown. In this case, the brake system 100 has a hydraulic module 200, wherein as the main components of the brake system, the following are arranged in the hydraulic module 200: an electric pressure supply device 202, which has a motor position sensor 214, a pressure sequence valve / pressure switching valve 206; two pressure sensors 212 and an inlet valve 216 and an outlet valve 218, which are provided for each wheel brake system.

[0087] In this case, hydraulic module 200 is connected to brake fluid reservoir 110 and to hydraulically actuated wheel brake system 208 .

[0088] The electric pressure supply device 202 is hydraulically connected to the wheel brake system 208. A pressure sensor 212 is arranged between the pressure sequence valve 206 and the wheel brake system 208, and a current-free / normally open inlet valve 216 is arranged for each wheel brake system 208. The inlet valve 216 is preferably designed as an analog solenoid valve for modulating the pressure generated by the pressure supply device 202.

[0089] The wheel brake system 208 is in turn connected to the brake fluid reservoir 110 via an outlet valve 218 , wherein the outlet valve 218 is designed as a current-free closed / normally closed valve. Finally, the wheel brake system 208 is connected to the brake fluid reservoir 110 on the inlet side.

[0090] During normal operation of the brake system 100 shown, the pressure sequence valve 206 is open, so that there is a direct hydraulic connection between the pressure supply device 202 and the wheel brake system 208. The hydraulic pressure provided by the pressure supply device 202 based on the actuation signal can then be modulated individually by the inlet valve 216 and the outlet valve 218 for the wheel brake system 208, whereby in particular an ABS control function can be implemented. In this case, the pressure supply device 202 is preferably controlled based on the signal of the motor position sensor 214.

[0091] Figure 2aA schematic diagram of an exemplary brake system 100 is shown, in which a possible arrangement of a hydraulic module 200 and a container 300 for accommodating an electronic brake controller 311, 321 is shown. In this arrangement, the container 300 is arranged substantially below the hydraulic module 200. The container 300 can be mounted to the hydraulic module 200 by means of a flange. In this space-saving embodiment, in contrast to the container 300, the brake fluid reservoir 110 (in Figure 2a and Figure 2b The hydraulic module 200 may be arranged above the hydraulic module 200.

[0092] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of an exemplary brake system 100 is shown, in which another possible arrangement of a hydraulic module 200 and a container 300 for accommodating an electronic brake controller 311, 321 is shown. In this embodiment, two containers 300 are provided, which are generally located on both sides of the hydraulic module 200.

[0093] The container 300 is implemented as a closed housing to protect the electronic brake controllers 311 , 321 .

[0094] It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that these two embodiments merely illustrate possible arrangement variations of the container 300 and that further arrangements are possible and contemplated.

[0095] Figure 2a The container 300 schematically shown in FIG. 3 is designed with two sub-volumes 312 , 322 , wherein an electronic brake control 311 , 321 is arranged in each sub-volume 312 , 322 . The two sub-volumes 312 , 322 are separated from each other by an intermediate wall 301 .

[0096] In this case, the electric pressure supply device 202 may be driven, for example, by a brushless motor, and the brushless motor may be controlled by any one of the two electronic brake controllers 311 , 321 .

[0097] Furthermore, two sensor elements 400 are arranged in the container 300 and are designed to detect a fluid. Figure 2a and Figure 2b In the figure, these sensor elements 400 are only schematically drawn for the purpose of explanation. Here, the sensor elements 400 are respectively connected to the assigned brake controllers 311 , 321 .

[0098] Fluids can generally include liquid media. This can be understood in particular as brake fluid, oil, water, coolant, steering fluid or other liquids. Figure 2a and Figure 2bIt can be seen that in the event of a leak in the hydraulic system 200 (for example, in the event of a leak in the pressure supply device 202 or the valves 206, 216, 218), the brake fluid may reach the hydraulic module 200 and from there via an opening (for example, through an opening for an electrical connection) into the container 300.

[0099] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the container 300 or the hydraulic module 200 comprises a bottom 302 with a groove (not shown) which defines the deepest point in the assembled position or during operation. For this purpose, the bottom is also advantageously designed to gradually slope towards the groove. Compared to a flatter bottom, this ensures that the fluid accumulates at a defined position in the groove. Thus, the fluid entering the container 300 can be detected reliably and quickly. Where possible, staggered or twisted portions in the bottom region should be avoided, as this may affect the flow of the fluid towards the groove.

[0100] Here, the presence of the groove is not mandatory. Of course, the bottom 302 can also be Figure 2a and Figure 2b It can be designed flat as shown, or it can also be designed, for example, inclined or slanted.

[0101] In a further development of the present invention, at least one rib oriented toward the groove may be provided in the bottom 302. This may quickly direct the fluid toward the groove, where the fluid may be detected.

[0102] In order to protect the electronic brake controllers 311 , 321 in the container 300 , it is advantageous that no fluid is contained in the container 300 , because when the fluid comes into contact with the electronic brake controllers 311 , 321 , adverse effects and / or damage may occur to the electronic brake controllers 311 , 321 .

[0103] The sensor element 400 is arranged close to the bottom in order to be able to detect possible fluids quickly. Advantageously, the at least one sensor element 400 is arranged in the region of the recess or even inside the recess when installation space conditions permit, in order to be able to detect fluids quickly and reliably.

[0104] exist Figure 2a In the example of , a sensor element 400 is arranged in each subvolume 312 , 322 .

[0105] Instead of a single sensor element 400 (which therefore represents a discrete measuring point), according to a refinement of the invention, a plurality of sensor elements 400 can also be provided, which can be spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. In this way, a plurality of discrete measuring points can be provided, which can detect different levels of the fluid in the container 300.

[0106] In this case, one or more sensor elements 400 are connected to the electronic brake controller 311 , 321 or the switching unit, so that the switching unit or the brake controller 311 , 321 can receive signals from the sensor elements 400 .

[0107] By means of intermediate wall 301 , brake system 100 can be designed redundantly, so that in the event that one electronic brake controller 311 , 321 fails or is adversely affected, a switch can be made to the other electronic brake controller 311 , 321 .

[0108] The electronic brake controller comprises at least one circuit board 500 , wherein the sensor element 400 is formed on the circuit board 500 or is formed as a part of the circuit board 500 . Figure 3a The schematic diagram of a part of a circuit board 500 with a conductivity sensor 510 of a brake controller 311, 321 is shown. The circuit board 500 is provided with a sensor element at a corner of the circuit board 500, which is designated as a whole by the reference numeral 400.

[0109] The sensor element 400 is arranged on a section 501 of the circuit board that points to the bottom during operation and is indicated by a dashed line 503. The illustrated section of the circuit board 500 thus points to the bottom in the assembled position. In the embodiment shown, the lower section 501 contains no further electronic or other components 502, so that the sensor element 400 represents the lowest component of the circuit board 500. In this way, the ingress of fluid can already be detected by the sensor element 400 before further components 502 can come into contact with the ingress of fluid.

[0110] According to a refinement of the invention, the circuit board 500 can also include a protruding area or protrusion (not shown) at the edge pointing to the bottom during operation. The at least one sensor element 400 can then be advantageously placed on the protrusion. In this way, the surface of the circuit board can be particularly advantageously used for the required components, and the layout planning can be placed without major changes or without the need to change the layout planning. In an advantageous embodiment, the protrusion is geometrically or structurally adapted to the groove in the bottom area of ​​the container 300. This makes it possible to arrange the protrusion together with the sensor element 400 at least partially in the groove.

[0111] However, according to another embodiment, the sensor element 400 may also be designed as a separate component. For example, when the circuit board 500 is to be arranged at a location other than the groove, this may achieve greater flexibility in the arrangement of the groove and the circuit board 500 .

[0112] exist Figure 3aIn the embodiment shown, the sensor element 400 is designed as a conductivity sensor 510. For this purpose, two conductor paths 511, 512 are arranged at a small distance from each other (eg, about 1 mm) on the circuit board 500. The conductor paths 511, 512 are electrically contacted by means of contacts 514 and a voltage is applied thereto.

[0113] In the event of contact with the fluid, an electrical connection can be established between the two conductors 511 , 512 , which can be detected by the switching unit or brake control 311 , 321 .

[0114] Thus, in the case of only one sensor element 400 or discrete measuring point, the switching unit can obtain a signal or information that fluid is present at the measuring point and thus that fluid has entered the container 300 .

[0115] In the case of a plurality of sensor elements 400 or a plurality of discrete measuring points, information about the fluid level height can also be obtained. In this way, for example, the leakage rate, ie the increase of the fluid over time, can also be determined.

[0116] Figure 3b A schematic diagram of a section of a circuit board with two sensor elements 400 is shown, which in this example are also designed as Figure 3a Conductivity sensor 510 is shown.

[0117] Of course, it is also possible and conceivable to arrange more than two sensor elements 400 , for example three, four or five sensor elements 400 , at different heights.

[0118] Of course, other embodiments of sensor element 400 may also be provided, as explained below. It is also possible and conceivable to combine different embodiments of sensor element 400 with one another.

[0119] Figure 3a and Figure 3b The conductivity sensors 510 shown can be realized relatively simply and cost-effectively. In addition, they can be designed to be very small, which also facilitates their application.

[0120] like Figure 2a As shown, it is advantageous to arrange at least one sensor element 400 in each of the two subvolumes 312, 322. This is due to the fact that the intermediate wall 301 is usually not designed to be completely fluid-tight, for example because of wiring running through the intermediate wall 301. In this way, it can be ensured that the fluid can be detected in both subvolumes and a corresponding reaction can be triggered.

[0121] exist Figure 4a and Figure 4bIn FIG. 4 , other suitable embodiments of the sensor element 400 are shown by taking a fluid-sensitive element 600 as an example. The fluid-sensitive element 600 is configured to change at least one characteristic when in contact with a fluid. Figure 4a and Figure 4b In the embodiment of FIG. 6A , this characteristic relates to the volume of the fluid sensitive element 600 .

[0122] to this end, Figure 4a A schematic diagram of a fluid-sensitive element 600 having a pressure sensor 620 is shown, wherein the fluid-sensitive element 600 is configured to increase its volume when in contact with a fluid. In this example, the fluid-sensitive element 600 comprises a swelling material, in particular a hydrophilic polymer material, such as rubber.

[0123] When in contact with the fluid, the fluid sensitive element 600 expands, which can be detected by the pressure sensor 620. The pressure sensor is connected to the switching unit or brake controller 311, 321 via electrical conductors 611, 612 to output corresponding signals to the switching unit or brake controller 311, 321.

[0124] Figure 4b A schematic diagram of a fluid-sensitive element 600 with electrical contacts according to another embodiment is shown. According to this embodiment, the fluid-sensitive element 600 includes a material that shrinks or even dissolves by contact with a fluid. The material is conductive and is arranged between two electrical conductors or electrical contacts 614. In the case of contact with a fluid, the material can shrink, thereby interrupting the electrical connection and outputting a corresponding signal. In this example, the fluid-sensitive element 600 includes polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which dissolves when in contact with a fluid and thus interrupts the electrical connection.

[0125] According to a further development of this embodiment, it is also possible to use a hygroscopic material which can absorb fluids from the surrounding environment and thus change its properties, in particular its electrical resistance.

[0126] Embodiments with fluid-sensitive elements 600 can be used particularly flexibly, since they can be designed to be correspondingly smaller and are therefore particularly suitable for arrangement, for example, in recesses or other deepest points of container 300 .

[0127] According to another embodiment of the present invention, which is also preferred, a sensor element 400 is provided, which includes a float 700, wherein the float 700 is arranged movably in the vertical direction. When reaching a specific position or leaving a predetermined position, a corresponding electrical signal can be sent to the switching unit, for example, by causing the float 700 to trigger a micro switch at a specific position. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one float 700 can be arranged in the hydraulic module 200.

[0128] Figure 5A schematic diagram of such a sensor element 400 with a float 700 arranged on a guide 701 is shown by way of example. The guide 701 enables vertical guidance of the float 700. The float 700 is placed in a leakage chamber 703, which forms a groove of the arrangement. For this purpose, holes 702 are provided in this embodiment, through which the fluid can flow to the groove. In this embodiment, the float 700 and the groove are arranged in a space-saving manner in the hydraulic module 200, wherein other arrangements are of course possible and conceivable. Once the fluid flows into the groove, the float 700 rises and can trigger a switch (e.g., a microswitch), so that a corresponding signal can be output to the circuit board 500 of the two electronic brake controllers 311, 321 via the conductor 711.

[0129] According to another equally preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sensor element 400 designed as an optical liquid sensor is provided, which comprises an emitter 800 that can emit electromagnetic radiation and a light sensor 801 configured to detect such electromagnetic radiation. The emitter 800 can, for example, comprise a light emitting diode or a laser source. The light sensor 801 can, for example, comprise a CMOS sensor or a CCD sensor.

[0130] Figure 6a A schematic diagram of a sensor element 400 with such an optical liquid sensor according to a first exemplary embodiment is shown. In this exemplary embodiment, it is provided that an emitter 800 emits electromagnetic radiation directly in the direction of a light sensor 801. For example, electromagnetic radiation in the visible wavelength range is drawn in the figure only by way of example by arrows and is denoted by reference numeral 811.

[0131] When the fluid enters the gap between the emitter 800 and the light sensor 801, the electromagnetic radiation 811 may be attenuated, for example due to light scattering. This attenuation can be detected by the light sensor 801 and output as a corresponding signal to the switching unit.

[0132] In this embodiment, the transmitter 800 is arranged on the circuit board 500 of the first electronic brake controller 511 and the optical sensor 801 is arranged on the circuit board 500 of the second electronic brake controller 521, which forms a particularly cost-effective embodiment. The electromagnetic radiation 811 passes through the hydraulic module 200 via the through-opening 812. The transmitter 800, the optical sensor 801 and the through-opening 812 are arranged close to the bottom here.

[0133] In a further embodiment of the optical liquid sensor, it is provided that the transmitter 800 directs the electromagnetic radiation 811 in the direction of a reflective element 810 , for example a mirror. Figure 6bA schematic diagram of such a sensor element with an optical liquid sensor is shown. Here, the reflective element 810 is designed as a mirror and is located in the radiation path of the emitter 800, wherein the reflective element is slightly inclined to the radiation path of the emitter. Electromagnetic radiation 811 can thus be reflected and directed to the light sensor 801, where it can be detected.

[0134] In this case, the reflective element 810 is arranged in the container 300 at a location where the incoming fluid may accumulate. Figure 6c A schematic diagram of an optical liquid sensor is shown in the presence of a fluid denoted by reference numeral 820. Here, the reflector 810 is covered by the fluid 820, so that electromagnetic radiation 811 strikes the fluid 820. Here, at the surface of the fluid 820, the striking electromagnetic radiation 811 is scattered and / or reflected, so that less radiation 811 reaches the optical sensor 801 or no radiation reaches the optical sensor. This deviation can be detected and transmitted to the switching unit as a corresponding signal.

Claims

1. A brake device (100), the brake device being part of a brake system, in particular a brake system for a motor vehicle, the brake device comprising: A container (300) having a cavity; A hydraulic module (200) having a pressure providing device (202); an electronic brake controller (311, 321) configured to control a pressure providing device (202), The electronic brake controller (311, 321) is arranged in the container (300), At least one sensor element (400) is provided, wherein the at least one sensor element is configured to detect a fluid, The sensor element (400) is arranged in the container (300) or in the hydraulic module (200).

2. The brake system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The container (300) or the hydraulic module (200) comprises a bottom with a groove which defines a deepest point in the operating state, and preferably at least one rib is provided on the bottom which is oriented towards the groove.

3. The brake system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The sensor element is designed to detect the presence or the presence of a fluid.

4. The brake system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydraulic module (200) includes valves (206, 216, 218) connected to the pressure providing device (202).

5. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least one sensor element (400) is arranged close to the bottom, preferably in the region of the recess, particularly preferably in the recess.

6. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that At least two or more sensor elements (400) are provided, and the sensor elements are arranged spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction. The brake device (100) according to one of the preceding claims is characterized in that the container (300) is formed in two parts, an intermediate wall (301) separates a first subvolume (312) and a second subvolume (322) from each other, a first brake controller (311) is arranged in the first subvolume (312), and a second brake controller (321) is arranged in the second subvolume (322).

7. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The brake controller (311, 321) comprises at least one circuit board (500), and the sensor element (400) is arranged on the circuit board (500) or forms a part of the circuit board (500).

8. Braking system (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that The at least one sensor element (400) is arranged on a section (501) of the printed circuit board (500) that points toward the bottom during operation, and the section (501) of the printed circuit board (500) that points toward the bottom preferably contains no other electronic components or other types of components (502).

9. The brake system (100) according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that The circuit board (500) comprises a protrusion on an edge pointing toward the bottom during operation, on which the at least one sensor element (400) is at least partially arranged, and the protrusion together with the sensor element (400) is preferably at least partially arranged in the groove, particularly preferably extending into the groove.

10. The brake system (100) according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that The at least one sensor element (400) is designed as a conductivity sensor (510).

11. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least one sensor element (400) includes a pressure sensor (620) and a fluid sensitive element (600), the fluid sensitive element (600) including a material that enables the fluid sensitive element (600) to expand when in contact with a fluid.

12. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least one sensor element (400) comprises a fluid-sensitive element (601), preferably an electrically conductive fluid-sensitive element (601), with electrical contacts (611, 612), the fluid-sensitive element (601) being capable of shrinking or dissolving when in contact with a fluid.

13. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least one sensor element (400) includes a float (700) which is arranged to be movable in a vertical direction and is configured to send an electrical signal to a switching unit when reaching or leaving a specific position.

14. Braking system (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that At least one float (700) is arranged in the hydraulic module (200).

15. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The at least one sensor element (400) is designed as an optical liquid sensor, which includes an emitter (800) and a light sensor (801), wherein the emitter is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation during operation, and the light sensor is constructed to detect electromagnetic radiation (811), and the light sensor (801) is arranged in the radiation direction of the emitter (800).

16. The brake system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The hydraulic module (200) comprises a through-hole (802) through which electromagnetic radiation (811) of the optical sensor (801) can be guided during operation.

17. Braking device (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that A reflective element (810), in particular a reflector, is provided, which is arranged at the bottom of the container (300) or the hydraulic module (200), preferably in a groove, in the radiation path of the transmitter (800), and is capable of deflecting light from the transmitter (800) toward the light sensor (801) during operation.

18. A method for operating a brake system, in particular a service brake system, of a vehicle, the brake system comprising at least one brake device (100) according to one of the preceding claims.

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