Batch surface treatment device and method for standard metallographic specimen

Abstract

The invention discloses a batch surface treatment device and method for standard metallographic samples, and belongs to the field of surface treatment. Comprising a sample clamp, a bench clamp, a bench drilling machine and a grinding and polishing assembly. The standard metallographic specimen clamp comprises a clamp base and a clamping device and is fixed in the bench clamp, the clamping device is composed of a bolt and a plurality of springs, and connection and fixation are achieved through through holes in the clamp base. The grinding and polishing assembly comprises a grinding wheel with selectable specifications, a linkage shaft and a fixed clamping device and is fixed to a chuck of the bench drilling machine. Firstly, the heights of the standard metallographic samples with different heights are unified through the selected height compensation device; through the accurate clamping design, the device can fix a plurality of samples at the same time, and efficient and consistent surface roughening treatment is achieved by means of the rotating motion of the bench drilling machine and the speed-adjustable grinding and polishing assembly. The device is compact in structure and simple and convenient to operate, remarkably improves the sample treatment efficiency, and meets the requirement for reuse of samples in teaching and experiments.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallographic sample processing equipment, in particular to a device for roughening the surface of a ground standard metallographic sample, which is suitable for repeated use of the metallographic sample. Background technology:

[0002] In metallographic analysis and related teaching, the surface treatment of metallographic specimens is one of the key steps. Usually in teaching and research, students or researchers will use standard metallographic specimens for grinding and polishing practice, but the surface of these specimens will be too smooth after repeated use and no longer suitable for continued use. In order to ensure the experimental effect and save resources, it is necessary to roughen the surface of these polished specimens so that they can be practiced multiple times and reused.

[0003] The existing problems mainly include: difficulty in reuse: the surface of the ground metallographic specimen is too smooth and is not suitable for direct use in subsequent grinding and polishing exercises, resulting in a waste of resources; low efficiency of manual processing: the existing roughening treatment usually adopts manual method, which is inefficient and cannot meet the needs of rapid processing of multiple specimens; surface consistency is difficult to ensure: manual operation can easily lead to inconsistent processing results, which is not conducive to the accuracy of subsequent standardized training or experimental data; serious waste of resources: under the current conditions, it is impossible to quickly and effectively reprocess the used metallographic specimens, resulting in a large amount of specimen waste and increased costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that is specifically designed to roughen the surface of standard metallographic specimens, which can ensure the consistency of the roughness of multiple specimen surfaces while ensuring the processing efficiency, so as to achieve the reuse of the specimens. The present invention is designed to solve this problem by designing a batch and automated processing device, which is suitable for efficient and standardized surface roughening of metallographic specimens to meet the needs of teaching and experiments. Summary of the invention:

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples, so as to improve the treatment efficiency and consistency, and facilitate the recovery and reuse of the samples.

[0006] The present invention discloses a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples, comprising a standard metallographic sample fixture (1), a bench vise (2), a bench drilling machine (3) and a grinding and polishing assembly (4).

[0007] The standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) comprises a fixture base and a clamping device, and is used to clamp a number of standard metallographic specimens as required. The upper surface of the fixture base is provided with a plurality of grooves (5) for placing the specimens and preventing them from loosening during the grinding and polishing process; the overall fixture base is a plate-shaped fixture base composed of a plurality of strip plates (6) spliced ​​in parallel, and each circular groove (5) is distributed on two adjacent strip plates (6), that is, any two adjacent strip plates (6) have at least one circular groove (5) on the butt joint line, and the lower part of the fixture base is provided with two parallel through holes, that is, the lower part of all the strip plates (6) is provided with two parallel side holes (7), and a coaxial spring groove (15) is also provided at the position of the side hole (7) of each strip plate (6) , the diameter of the spring groove (15) is larger than the diameter of the side hole (7); the bottom of the opposite side of any two adjacent strip plates are connected by a spring (9), and the spring (9) is correspondingly located in the opposite spring grooves (16) of the two adjacent strip plates (6). The spring (9) is a compressible spring. When the spring (9) is naturally located in the two adjacent opposite spring grooves (16), there is a gap between the corresponding two strip plates (6); the clamping device adopts a screw (8) and a nut. The screw (8) passes through each side hole (7) and the spring (9) in turn from one side of the clamp base until it reaches the other side, and then a nut is used to match and tighten it.

[0008] The grinding and polishing assembly (4) comprises a metal drill chuck (10), a connecting rod (11), a fastener (12) and grinding and polishing wheels (13) of different specifications. The types of grinding and polishing wheels include but are not limited to corundum grinding wheels, silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheels, resin grinding wheels and shutter blades, etc. The specifications range from 40 mesh to 00 mesh, and are used for grinding and polishing samples to meet the requirements of surface roughness of different samples. The grinding and polishing assembly is screwed and fixed to the head of the bench drilling machine (3) through the upper part of the metal drill chuck (10), and the clamping torque is 60 to 140 N·m, preferably 100 N·m, to ensure rotation accuracy and stability. The lower end of the metal drill chuck (10) is fixedly connected to the fastener (12) through the connecting rod (11), and the lower part of the fastener (12) is detachably fixedly connected to the grinding and polishing wheel (13).

[0009] The bench vise (2) is locked on the base of the bench drilling machine (3) by using T-bolts. A second groove is provided on the upper surface of the bench vise. The second groove is used to place the standard metallographic sample clamp (1). A bolt tightening structure is provided on the side of the groove. The standard metallographic sample clamp (1) is clamped by adjusting the bolt tightening structure to firmly clamp the standard metallographic sample clamp (1), thereby achieving efficient surface treatment of batch samples.

[0010] The groove (5) is a circular, elliptical, curved or polygonal groove.

[0011] The method for batch surface treatment of standard metallographic samples using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) placing the sample in the groove (5) of the standard metallographic sample fixture (1), and adjusting the preload force by using the relationship between the screw (8), the nut, and the spring (9) to tighten the sample;

[0013] (2) placing the standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) on the vise (2) and fixing it, and adjusting and fixing the position of the vise;

[0014] (3) According to the surface treatment requirements of the sample, different grinding and polishing wheels (13) are selected to perform rough grinding or / and semi-rough grinding or / and fine grinding in sequence; during the grinding and polishing process, in order to avoid overheating of the fixture and the sample, the grinding and polishing area is forced to cool by a high-efficiency fan, or / and a water cooling system is used to provide cooling water to the grinding and polishing components through a hose to reduce the temperature and remove grinding residues in time; (4) After the grinding and polishing is completed, the bench drill is turned off, disassembled, and finally the standard metallographic sample fixture (1) is removed and the sample is released; the roughness of the sample surface is checked, and if it meets the requirements, the processing parameters are recorded to complete the batch processing.

[0015] Preferably, step (1) makes the upper surfaces of all samples flush; and step (3) the diameter of the grinding and polishing wheel (13) covers the upper surfaces of all samples.

[0016] To ensure the standardization of the processing process, the device of the present invention can adjust the processing parameters, such as the speed range of the benchtop drill press is 100 to 1000 rpm, the power range is 500 watts to 1500 watts, and the processing time can be set to 1 to 10 minutes according to the sample material. To meet different processing requirements, users can choose the appropriate grinding and polishing wheel specifications and types.

[0017] In addition, in order to prevent the sample and fixture from overheating due to friction during the grinding and polishing process, the present invention designs a heat dissipation and cooling system. The heat dissipation system uses a high-efficiency fan for air cooling, while the cooling system cools the grinding and polishing components through a water cooling cycle. After grinding and polishing, the sample and fixture need to be cooled to ensure the surface quality of the sample and the service life of the device.

[0018] The device is suitable for surface treatment of metallographic samples of different materials, including but not limited to 20 steel, ductile iron, industrial pure iron and other alloy materials.

[0019] Through the above design, the batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples of the present invention can significantly improve the efficiency and consistency of sample surface treatment, while ensuring the recovery and reuse of the treated samples, meeting the needs of modern metallographic analysis and experimental training. Description of the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the clamp of the present invention loading a sample.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of the clamp of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the core working area of ​​the present invention.

[0025] A quasi-metallographic sample fixture (1), a bench vise (2), a bench drilling machine (3), a grinding and polishing assembly (4), a circular or elliptical groove (5), a strip plate (6), a side hole (7), a screw rod (8), a spring (9), a metal drill chuck (10), a connecting rod (11), a fastener (12), a grinding and polishing wheel (13), a T-bolt (14), and a spring groove (15). Specific implementation method:

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0027] Example 1: Structure and operation of batch grinding and polishing device for standard metallographic specimens

[0028] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples, including a standard metallographic sample fixture 1, a bench vise 2, a bench drilling machine 3 and a grinding and polishing component 4.

[0029] 1. Design and use of fixture base

[0030] The standard metallographic sample fixture 1 includes a fixture base and a clamping device. The fixture base is made of high-strength steel (strip structure), and a number of grooves are set on the surface. Each groove is designed as a standard cylinder, and the size of the adapted sample is R7.5 mm×20 mm. The grooves are arranged in a circular array, and the interval between the grooves is 5 mm to ensure the stability of the sample on the fixture; place the sample in the groove;

[0031] The strip structure of the clamp base is connected to the spring 9 and the screw 8 through the through hole and the spring groove. Figure 1-3 The spring provides buffering performance to avoid excessive pressure damaging the specimen. A high-elastic alloy steel spring with a wire diameter of 1mm, an outer diameter of 7mm, and a length of 20mm is used. The surface is anti-corrosion treated to ensure long-term use. During installation, the bolt torque is controlled within the range of 30 to 40N·m to ensure the stability of the device.

[0032] The spring is compressed by rotating the adjusting screw to provide uniform and controllable clamping force. The surface of the circular or oval groove 5 is covered with a rubber gasket to avoid scratching or damaging the surface of the specimen.

[0033] 2. Installation and adjustment of bench vise and bench drilling machine

[0034] The bench vise 2 is connected to the base of the bench drilling machine 3 by a bottom T-bolt 14. By adjusting the bolt connection position of the bench vise 2 and the holding position of the standard metallographic sample fixture 1, the standard metallographic sample fixture 1 is allowed to be adjusted in the X and Y directions to ensure accurate positioning during the grinding and polishing process.

[0035] After the fixation is completed, the clamp 1 is clamped by rotating the adjusting knob of the vise to achieve a stable fixation of the clamp.

[0036] 4. Connection and use of grinding and polishing components

[0037] The grinding and polishing assembly 4 comprises a metal drill chuck 10, a connecting rod 11, a fastener 12 and a grinding and polishing wheel 13. The connecting rod 11 is inserted into the metal drill chuck 10 and fixed by a locking nut to ensure the coaxiality and the stability of the grinding and polishing.

[0038] According to the surface treatment requirements of the sample, select a corundum grinding wheel or a silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheel. The initial grinding wheel specification is 60-100 mesh, preferably 80 mesh, for rough grinding. After installing the grinding wheel, manually rotate it to confirm that there is no obvious eccentricity. Increase the grinding wheel specification to 160-240 mesh, preferably 180 mesh, for semi-rough grinding; increase the grinding wheel specification to 320-600 mesh, preferably 400 mesh, for fine grinding.

[0039] 5. Grinding and polishing operation process

[0040] The bench drilling machine 3 is started, the speed is set to 500 rpm, and the processing time is set to: 1 minute for rough grinding, 1 minute for semi-rough grinding, and 2 minutes for fine grinding. The surface of the sample is evenly ground and polished by the rotating grinding and polishing wheel 13, and the grinding pressure is gradually applied by adjusting the height of the bench vise to ensure that the surface of the sample reaches the required flatness.

[0041] 6. Heat dissipation and cooling design

[0042] In order to prevent the fixture and specimen from overheating during the grinding and polishing process, the device is equipped with a heat dissipation and cooling system. The air cooling system uses a high-efficiency fan to force cooling of the grinding and polishing area; the water cooling system provides cooling water circulation to the grinding and polishing components through a hose to reduce the temperature in time and remove grinding residues.

[0043] 7. Sample removal and subsequent processing

[0044] After grinding and polishing, turn off the bench drill and cooling system. Loosen the bench vise adjustment knob, remove fixture 1 and release the sample. Check the surface roughness of the sample, record the processing parameters if it meets the requirements, and complete the batch processing.

[0045] Example 2: Precision surface treatment of complex samples

[0046] 1. Improved design of the fixture

[0047] For irregularly shaped specimens, the clamping groove of the clamp base 5 can be designed as a customized curved or polygonal groove, and the clamping effect is ensured by the buffering performance of the spring 9.

[0048] 2. Parameter adjustment of fine grinding

[0049] The grinding and polishing assembly 4 is a 600-1000 mesh, preferably an 800 mesh silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheel, which is suitable for fine grinding of complex surfaces. The bench drill speed is adjusted to 800 rpm, and the processing pressure is reduced to prevent excessive grinding from damaging the sample surface.

[0050] 3. Cooling and cleaning operations

[0051] A water cooling system is used to cool the grinding and polishing area, and a pneumatic spray gun is used to clean the grinding residues and coolant residue on the surface of the sample to ensure surface quality.

[0052] Through the above implementation scheme, the present invention can realize efficient and batch surface treatment of metallographic standard samples. The device has a reasonable structural design and convenient operation, which not only improves the processing efficiency, but also ensures the consistency and quality of the samples, meeting the actual needs of modern metallographic analysis.

Claims

1. A batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples, comprising a standard metallographic sample fixture (1), a bench vise (2), a bench drilling machine (3) and a grinding and polishing assembly (4); The standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) comprises a fixture base and a clamping device, and is used to clamp a number of standard metallographic specimens as required. The upper surface of the fixture base is provided with a plurality of circular or elliptical grooves (5) for placing the specimens and preventing them from loosening during the grinding and polishing process; the overall fixture base is a plate-shaped fixture base composed of a plurality of strip plates (6) spliced ​​in parallel, and each circular groove (5) is distributed on two adjacent strip plates (6), that is, any two adjacent strip plates (6) have at least one circular groove (5) on the butt joint line, and the lower part of the fixture base is provided with two parallel through holes, that is, the lower part of all the strip plates (6) is provided with two parallel side holes (7), and a coaxial spring groove (7) is also provided at the position of the side hole (7) of each strip plate (6) 15), the diameter of the spring groove (15) is larger than the diameter of the side hole (7); the bottom of the opposite side of any two adjacent strip plates are connected by a spring (9), the spring (9) is correspondingly located in the opposite spring grooves (16) of the two adjacent strip plates (6), the spring (9) is a compressible spring, and when the spring (9) is naturally located in the two adjacent opposite spring grooves (16), there is a gap between the corresponding two strip plates (6); the clamping device adopts a screw (8) and a nut, the screw (8) passes through each side hole (7) and the spring (9) in turn from one side of the clamp base until it reaches the other side, and then is matched with a nut to tighten and fix. The grinding and polishing assembly (4) includes a metal drill chuck (10), a connecting rod (11), a fastener (12) and grinding and polishing wheels (13) of different specifications. The types of grinding and polishing wheels include but are not limited to corundum grinding wheels, silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheels, resin grinding wheels and louver blades, etc. The specifications range from 40 mesh to 00 mesh, and are used for grinding and polishing samples to meet the surface roughness requirements of different samples. The grinding and polishing assembly is fixed to the head of the bench drill press (3) by tightening the upper part of the metal drill chuck (10), and the clamping torque is 60 to 140 N·m, preferably 100 N·m, to ensure rotation accuracy and stability. The lower end of the metal drill chuck (10) is fixedly connected to the fastener (12) through the connecting rod (11), and the lower part of the fastener (12) is detachably fixedly connected to the grinding and polishing wheel (13); The bench vise (2) is locked on the base of the bench drilling machine (3) by using T-bolts. A second groove is provided on the upper surface of the bench vise. The second groove is used to place the standard metallographic sample clamp (1). A bolt tightening structure is provided on the side of the groove. The standard metallographic sample clamp (1) is clamped by adjusting the bolt tightening structure to firmly clamp the standard metallographic sample clamp (1), thereby achieving efficient surface treatment of batch samples.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The groove (5) is a circular, elliptical, curved or polygonal groove.

3. A method for batch surface treatment of standard metallographic samples using the device described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) placing the sample in the groove (5) of the standard metallographic sample fixture (1), and adjusting the preload force by using the relationship between the screw (8), the nut, and the spring (9) to tighten the sample; (2) placing the standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) on the vise (2) and fixing it, and adjusting and fixing the position of the vise; (3) According to the surface treatment requirements of the sample, different grinding and polishing wheels (13) are selected to perform rough grinding, semi-rough grinding, or fine grinding in sequence; during the grinding and polishing process, in order to avoid overheating of the fixture and the sample, the grinding and polishing area is forced to cool by a high-efficiency fan, or / and a water cooling system is used to provide cooling water to the grinding and polishing components through a hose, so as to reduce the temperature in time and remove the grinding residue; (4) After grinding and polishing, turn off the bench drill, disassemble and finally remove the standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) and release the specimen; check the surface roughness of the specimen, record the processing parameters if it meets the requirements, and complete the batch processing.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that To ensure the standardization of the processing process, the processing parameters can be adjusted, such as the speed range of the benchtop drill press is 100 to 1000 rpm, the power range is 500 watts to 1500 watts, and the processing time can be set from 1 to 10 minutes according to the sample material.

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