A speed measurement and positioning system and method for a maglev train

Abstract

The present application discloses a speed measurement and positioning system and method for a maglev train. The system includes: a light source; an optical waveguide sensing array arranged along the track and coupled to the light source; an optical signal receiver coupled to the optical waveguide sensing array; the optical waveguide sensing array includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors, and the optical waveguide sensor includes: a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is coupled to the light source and transmits a first optical signal through a first transmission optical cable; a second optical fiber, which transmits a second optical signal through a second transmission optical cable; a driving module drives the second optical fiber to move between a first position and a second position. When the second optical fiber is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber satisfies: an optical evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber and optical coupling occurs, so that the second optical fiber generates a second optical signal; a signal processing module, and the signal processing module demodulates the position and running speed of the maglev train. The present application can calculate the vehicle speed and position of the maglev train in a strong magnetic field environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical waveguide sensing, and particularly to a speed measurement and positioning system and method for a maglev train. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, current wheel-rail trains mainly rely on encoders or tachogenerators to directly measure the rotational speed of the wheels to obtain the actual running speed of the train, and then calculate the train position based on methods such as balises and track circuits. Different from the driving mode of traditional trains, the high-speed maglev train driven by electromagnetic force has no direct contact between the vehicle body and the track during operation, and the existing vehicle measurement and positioning methods based on wheel-rail contact cannot be used. Moreover, the working principle of the maglev train makes the bottom of the train always in a strong magnetic field environment, which can easily cause strong interference to electronic sensors and make them unable to work properly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the following technical solutions are adopted in this application:

[0004] A speed measurement and positioning system for a maglev train provided in this application, the system includes:

[0005] A light source, configured to emit an optical signal;

[0006] An optical waveguide sensing array, which is arranged along the track and is coupled to the light source;

[0007] An optical signal receiver, which is coupled to the optical waveguide sensing array;

[0008] Wherein, the optical waveguide sensing array includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors, and adjacent two optical waveguide sensors are coupled through a transmission optical cable. The optical waveguide sensor includes:

[0009] A first optical fiber, which is coupled to the light source and transmits a first optical signal to the first optical fiber of the subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a first transmission optical cable;

[0010] A second optical fiber, which transmits a second optical signal to the second optical fiber of the subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a second transmission optical cable;

[0011] A driving module, which is configured to be driven by a magnetic component of the maglev train and drive at least a part of the second optical fiber to move between a first position and a second position. When the second optical fiber is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber satisfies: an optical evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber and optical coupling occurs, so that the second optical fiber generates the second optical signal;

[0012] The system further includes a signal processing module, which is configured to demodulate the position and running speed of the maglev train according to the sequence change of the two optical signals received by the optical signal receiver.

[0013] In summary, a maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by this application sets a first optical fiber connected to a light source and a second optical fiber not connected to the light source. The optical signal receiver receives an optical signal from the first optical fiber. By setting a driving module driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train, when the maglev train passes through the optical waveguide sensor, the driving module drives the second optical fiber to move. An optical evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber, and part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber is coupled into the second optical fiber. Thus, the optical signal sensor receives two optical signals from the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber; collect the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence within a period of time, and according to the optical pulse change of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, combined with the size of the magnetic component arranged at the front of the maglev train, realize the speed measurement and positioning of the maglev train. Moreover, the optical waveguide sensor adopted in this application is small in size, does not require an external power supply, is not affected by the strong magnetic field environment at the bottom of the maglev train, has a low equipment manufacturing cost, and is suitable for large-scale layout and application.

[0014] Further, the fiber diameters of the parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber close to the driving module are thinner than the fiber diameters at the head and tail ends of the optical fiber.

[0015] Further, the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are arranged close to the driving module. Among them, the fiber diameters of the head and tail ends of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are greater than 100 microns, and the fiber diameters of the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns.

[0016] Further, when the second optical fiber is in the first position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as the first distance; when the second optical fiber is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as the second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance; and, the travel of the second optical fiber from the first position to the second position is greater than or equal to 100 microns and less than or equal to 200 microns.

[0017] Further, the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are arranged in an arched structure opposite to each other.

[0018] Further, when the second optical fiber is in the second position, the coupling efficiency between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than 10%.

[0019] Further, when the second optical fiber is at the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 10 micrometers.

[0020] Further, the braking rod is attracted by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the first position to the second position;

[0021] Alternatively, the braking rod is repelled by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the second position to the first position.

[0022] Further, the first optical fiber is integrally formed with the first transmission optical cable, or the first optical fiber is fusion spliced to the first transmission optical cable;

[0023] The second optical fiber is integrally formed with the second transmission optical cable, or the second optical fiber is fusion spliced to the second transmission optical cable.

[0024] Further, the method includes: collecting a first optical signal sequence and / or a second optical signal sequence within a period of time, and calculating the speed of the maglev train according to the pulse width of the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence and the size of the magnetic component of the maglev train. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the second optical fiber in the first position in the maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the second optical fiber in the second position in the maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the optical pulse change in the maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the optical fiber diameter in the maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments shown in the drawings, but these embodiments do not limit the present application. Any structural, method, or functional transformation made by those of ordinary skill in the art based on these embodiments is included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] To address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a speed measurement and positioning system for a maglev train. The system includes:

[0032] A light source for emitting an optical signal;

[0033] An optical waveguide sensing array disposed along the track and coupled to the light source;

[0034] An optical signal receiver coupled to the optical waveguide sensing array;

[0035] Among them, the optical waveguide sensing array includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors. Adjacent optical waveguide sensors are coupled through a transmission optical cable. The optical waveguide sensor includes:

[0036] A first optical fiber coupled to the light source and transmitting a first optical signal to the first optical fiber of the subsequent-stage optical waveguide sensor through a first transmission optical cable;

[0037] A second optical fiber transmitting a second optical signal to the second optical fiber of the subsequent-stage optical waveguide sensor through a second transmission optical cable;

[0038] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, for the speed measurement and positioning system for a maglev train provided by the present application, a light source 11 and an optical signal receiver 13 are respectively provided at both ends. The light source 11 and the optical signal receiver 13 are connected through an optical waveguide sensing array 12. The optical waveguide sensing array 12 is disposed along the track. Among them, the optical waveguide sensing array 12 includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors 121, and each adjacent two optical waveguide sensors 121 are coupled through a transmission optical cable.

[0039] Exemplarily, taking one optical waveguide sensor 121 closest to the light source 11 in the optical waveguide sensing array 12 as an example for illustration. For the convenience of description, the optical waveguide sensor 121 through which the optical signal closest to the light source first passes is defined as the pre-stage optical waveguide sensor 121, and the optical waveguide sensor 121 through which the optical signal then passes is defined as the subsequent-stage optical waveguide sensor 121. As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the optical waveguide sensor 121 includes a first optical fiber 1211 and a second optical fiber 1212. The first end of the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled to the light source 11 through an optical cable. For ease of explanation, the optical cable connected to the first optical fiber 1211 is defined as the first transmission optical cable 122. The second end of the first optical fiber 1211 transmits an optical signal to the subsequent optical waveguide sensor 121 through the first transmission optical cable 122. For ease of explanation, the optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber 1211 is defined as the first optical signal. The subsequent optical waveguide sensor 121 receives the first optical signal transmitted by the previous optical waveguide sensor 121 through the first optical fiber 1211 connected to the first transmission optical cable 122 until the first optical signal is received by the optical signal receiver 13. The first end of the second optical fiber 1212 of the optical waveguide sensor 121 closest to the light source 11 is cut off, and the second optical fiber 1212 is not connected to the light source. The second end of the second optical fiber 1212 is connected to the optical signal receiver 13 through an optical cable. For ease of explanation, the optical cable connected to the second optical fiber 1212 is defined as the second transmission optical cable 123, and the optical signal transmitted by the second optical fiber 1212 is defined as the second optical signal.

[0040] Further, as an implementation manner, the first optical fiber 1211 may be integrally formed with the first transmission optical cable 122, or the first optical fiber 1211 may be connected to the first transmission optical cable 122 by fusion splicing. Similarly, the second optical fiber 1212 may be integrally formed with the second transmission optical cable 123, or the second optical fiber 1212 may be connected to the second transmission optical cable 123 by fusion splicing.

[0041] The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by this application further includes a driving module 14, which is configured to be driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train and drive at least part of the second optical fiber 1212 to move between a first position and a second position. For ease of explanation, the optical signal receiver 13 when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the first position is defined as the first state, and the optical signal receiver 13 when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the second position is defined as the second state.

[0042] As a first alternative implementation manner, a set of magnet modules is installed under the front of the maglev high-speed train. The position of the first optical fiber 1211 is fixed. As Figure 2 shown, when the train head has not passed through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the second optical fiber 1212 is far from the first optical fiber 1211, and the position of the second optical fiber 1212 at this time is defined as the first position. As Figure 3As shown, when the train head passes through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 is driven by the magnet module, driving at least part of the second optical fiber 1212 to move towards the first optical fiber 1211. The position of the second optical fiber 1212 after movement is defined as the second position. Among them, the distance between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position satisfies that an optical evanescent field is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position and optical coupling occurs.

[0043] It should be noted that when the optical signal receiver is in the second state, it is not required that the second optical fiber 1212 is in direct contact with the first optical fiber 1211. It only needs to satisfy that the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is less than a certain distance, so as to form an optical evanescent field. Through this optical evanescent field, the coupling between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is realized, and then the transmission or exchange of optical power between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is realized. In one embodiment, when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 10 microns, so that an optical evanescent field is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position.

[0044] When the head of the maglev high-speed train passes through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the optical signal receiver 13 switches from the first state to the second state. The driving module 14 drives the second optical fiber 1212 to move towards the first optical fiber 1211. An optical evanescent field is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and there is an exchange of optical power between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212. Part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled into the second optical fiber 1212, so that the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the change of the optical signal within a period of time, the speed of the maglev train is calculated.

[0045] Further, as an alternative implementation, the driving module 14 includes a braking rod 141 and a braking edge 142. The braking rod 141 is driven by the magnetic component of the front of the maglev train, and the braking rod 141 moves along the height direction. Among them, the braking rod 141 is made of a material configured to be attracted by the magnetic component; the braking edge 142 is connected to the braking rod 141 and contacts the second optical fiber 1212. When the maglev train passes by the optical waveguide sensor 121, the braking rod 141 is attracted by the magnetic component of the maglev train, and the braking rod 141 acts on the braking edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to move from the first position to the second position. An optical evanescent field is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and there is an optical power exchange between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212. When the maglev train leaves the optical waveguide sensor 121, the braking rod 141 acts on the braking edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to move from the second position to the first position, the optical evanescent field between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 attenuates, and the optical power coupling between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 stops. As a result, the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the change of the optical signal conducted by the first optical fiber 1211 and / or the second optical fiber 1212 within a period of time, the speed of the maglev train can be calculated accordingly.

[0046] As a second alternative implementation, a set of magnet modules is installed under the front of the maglev high-speed train. The position of the first optical fiber 1211 is fixed. When the train head has not passed the optical waveguide sensor 121, the second optical fiber 1212 is fixed close to the first optical fiber 1211, and the position of the second optical fiber 1212 at this time is defined as the second position; when the train head passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 is driven by the magnet modules to drive at least part of the second optical fiber 1212 to move away from the first optical fiber 1211, and the position of the second optical fiber 1212 after the movement is defined as the first position. Among them, the distance between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position satisfies that an optical evanescent field is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position. The second optical fiber 1212 is not connected to the light source 11. The second optical fiber 1212 is in the second position, and an optical evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211. There is an exchange of optical power between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled into the second optical fiber 1212; when the train head of the maglev high-speed train passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 drives the second optical fiber 1212 to move away from the first optical fiber 1211, the optical evanescent field between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 attenuates, and the exchange of optical power between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 stops, so that the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the change of the optical signal within a period of time, the speed of the maglev train is further calculated.

[0047] Further, as an implementation, the driving module 14 includes a braking rod 141 and a braking edge 142. The braking rod 141 is driven by the magnetic component of the front of the maglev train. The braking rod 141 moves along the height direction. Further, the braking rod 141 is configured to be repelled by the magnetic component. The braking edge 142 is connected to the braking rod 141 and contacts the second optical fiber 1212. When the maglev train passes by the optical waveguide sensor 121, the braking rod 141 is repelled by the magnetic component of the maglev train. The braking rod 141 acts on the braking edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to move from the second position to the first position. The optical evanescent field between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 decays, and the optical power coupling between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 stops. When the maglev train leaves the optical waveguide sensor 121, the braking rod 141 acts on the braking edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to reset and move from the first position to the second position. An optical evanescent field is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and there is optical power coupling between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212. Thus, the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the change of the optical signals conducted by the first optical fiber 1211 and / or the second optical fiber 1212 within a period of time, the speed of the maglev train is further calculated.

[0048] Exemplarily, in a maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to an embodiment of the present application, the above first implementation manner will be described.

[0049] The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by the present application further includes a signal processing module, which is configured to demodulate the position and running speed of the maglev train according to the sequence change of the two optical signals received by the optical signal receiver.

[0050] As an implementation, the signal processing module collects the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence within a period of time, and calculates the speed of the maglev train according to the pulse speed of the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence and the size of the magnetic component on the front of the maglev train. When the maglev train has not reached the first optical waveguide sensor 121, the optical signal receiver 13 can only receive the optical signal of the first optical fiber 1211, and the optical signal of the second optical fiber 1212 is zero. When the maglev train passes by the first optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 acts on the second optical fiber 1212, and the second optical fiber 1212 approaches the first optical fiber 1211. An optical evanescent field is formed between the moved second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211. At least part of the optical signal power in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled to the second optical fiber 1212. The optical signals of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 received by the optical signal receiver 13 are as Figure 4The pulse change shown occurs, and the optical signal sequences of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 are collected within a period of time. After removing the transmission loss of the optical signal in the optical fiber, the sum of the optical powers (signals) of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is a constant value. As Figure 4 shown, the magnitude of the pulse width T is inversely proportional to the speed of the maglev train passing through the optical waveguide sensor 121. The faster the maglev train passes through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the smaller the pulse width T. Combining with the size of the magnetic component set at the front of the maglev train, the running speed of the maglev train can be calculated.

[0051] According to the above description, a maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by the present application includes a first optical fiber 1211 connected to a light source 11 and a second optical fiber 1212 not connected to the light source. An optical signal receiver 13 receives an optical signal from the first optical fiber 1211. By setting a driving module 14 configured to be driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train, when the maglev train passes through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 drives the second optical fiber 1212 to move. An optical evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211, and part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled into the second optical fiber 1212. Thus, the optical signal sensor 13 receives two optical signals from the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212. The first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence within a period of time are collected. According to the optical pulse change of the first optical fiber 1211 and / or the second optical fiber 1212, and combining with the size of the magnetic component set at the front of the maglev train, the running speed of the maglev train is calculated to achieve speed measurement and positioning of the maglev train. Moreover, the optical waveguide sensor 121 adopted in the present application is small in size, does not require an external power supply, is high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant, is not affected by the strong magnetic field environment at the bottom of the maglev train, has a low equipment manufacturing cost, and is suitable for large-scale layout and application.

[0052] As an implementation manner, the fiber diameters of the portions of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 close to the driving module 14 are thinner than the fiber diameters at the head and tail ends of the optical fiber.

[0053] As Figure 5 shown, the fiber diameters of the middle portions of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 close to the driving module 14 are configured as follows: the fiber diameters H of the head and tail ends of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 are greater than 100 microns, and the fiber diameters I of the middle portions of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 are greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns. That is, the middle section of the optical fiber is thinner than the two ends. In this way, the coupling efficiency when the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 are close to each other can be improved.

[0054] Further, as an implementation manner, the middle portions of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 present an arched structure arranged oppositely.

[0055] As an implementation manner, when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the first position, the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 at this time is defined as the first distance; when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 at this time is defined as the second distance.

[0056] Specifically, the stroke of the second optical fiber 1212 driven by the driving module 14 to move from the first position to the second position is greater than or equal to 100 micrometers and less than or equal to 200 micrometers. During the process of the second optical fiber 1212 moving from the first position to the second position, an optical evanescent field is gradually formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and there is coupling of the optical power between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212. Thus, the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the change of the optical signal within a period of time, the speed of the maglev train is further calculated.

[0057] Further, as an implementation manner, when the second optical fiber 1212 moves to the second position, an optical evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211. At this time, the coupling efficiency between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is greater than 10%. The optical power exchange between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is obvious, and the change of the optical pulse shown is obvious, which is convenient for calculating the speed of the maglev train.

[0058] It can be understood that the term "exemplary" used in this text means "as an example, illustration, or instance". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" is not necessarily superior to or better than other embodiments and / or does not exclude combining the features of other embodiments. It should be understood that certain features of the present application described in the context of separate embodiments can also be provided in a single embodiment by combination. Conversely, the various features of the present application described in the context of a single embodiment can also be provided separately or by any suitable combination or as any other described embodiment of the present application.

[0059] The above-disclosed are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, but they are not intended to limit the scope of the rights of the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application and the appended claims, changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications should all be equivalent replacement methods and still fall within the scope covered by the invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A light source, for emitting a light signal; An optical waveguide sensor array is arranged along the track and coupled to the light source; an optical signal receiver coupled to the optical waveguide sensor array; The optical waveguide sensor array includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors, two adjacent optical waveguide sensors are coupled via a transmission optical cable, and the optical waveguide sensors include: a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is coupled to the light source and transmits a first optical signal to a first optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a first transmission optical cable; a second optical fiber, transmitting a second optical signal to a second optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a second transmission optical cable; a driving module, wherein the driving module is configured to be driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train and to drive at least a portion of the second optical fiber to move between a first position and a second position, wherein when the second optical fiber is at the second position, a distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber satisfies: an evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber and optical coupling occurs, so that the second optical fiber generates the second optical signal; The system further comprises a signal processing module, wherein the signal processing module is configured to demodulate the position and running speed of the maglev train according to the sequence changes of the two optical signals received by the optical signal receiver; The signal processing module calculates the speed of the maglev train based on the pulse width of the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence and the size of the magnetic component of the maglev train, wherein the pulse width is inversely proportional to the speed of the maglev train when passing through the optical waveguide sensor.

2. The magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber diameters of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber close to the driving module are thinner than the fiber diameters of the optical fibers at both ends of the optical fibers.

3. The magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are arranged close to the driving module, wherein the fiber diameters of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at both ends are greater than 100 microns, and the fiber diameters of the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns.

4. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the second optical fiber is in the first position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as a first distance; when the second optical fiber is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance; Furthermore, a distance of the second optical fiber from the first position to the second position is greater than or equal to 100 microns and less than or equal to 200 microns.

5. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are in an oppositely arranged arched structure.

6. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the second optical fiber is in the second position, the coupling efficiency between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than 10%.

7. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the second optical fiber is at the second position, a distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 10 microns.

8. The magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detent rod is attracted by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the first position to the second position; Alternatively, the detent rod is repelled by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the second position to the first position.

9. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first optical fiber and the first transmission optical cable are integrally formed, or the first optical fiber and the first transmission optical cable are fusion-spliced; The second optical fiber and the second transmission optical cable are integrally formed, or the second optical fiber and the second transmission optical cable are fusion-spliced.

10. A method for measuring speed and positioning of a maglev train, characterized in that: The method uses the magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises: A first optical signal sequence and / or a second optical signal sequence are collected within a period of time, and a speed of the maglev train is calculated according to a pulse width of the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence and a size of a magnetic component of the maglev train.

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