An elevator wire rope testing device and a method for testing elevator wire ropes

Abstract

An elevator wire rope testing device and method belong to the field of crane technology. It includes two mirror-image setups: a first testing device, a second testing device, and a fixing assembly. The testing device includes a guide assembly, a testing assembly, and a guiding assembly. The guide assembly includes a guide frame, a guide wheel, and a guide fastener. The lower end of the guide frame is mounted on the guiding assembly, and the guide wheel is located on the guide frame. A guide fastener is located on the side of the guide frame away from the guide wheel. The testing assembly includes a first magnet, a second magnet, a magnetic circuit, a testing frame, a first fitting, and a second fitting. The guiding assembly includes a guide body, a magnetic body, a guide groove, a first fitting groove, a second fitting groove, a first locking block, and a second locking block. The magnetic body is disposed within the guide groove. The fixing assembly includes a fixing plate, a fixing element, and a fixing groove. This invention achieves good measurement results and a simple testing method by using at least two sets of magnetic bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of elevator testing devices, and particularly relates to an elevator wire rope testing device and a method for testing elevator wire ropes. Background Technology

[0002] Wire ropes used in elevator equipment are generally made of multiple steel wires, consisting of twisted strands. In such wire ropes, as they pass through the traction sheave, they gradually break due to fatigue and wear caused by bending and contact. Therefore, it is often necessary to determine the service life of the wire rope and replace it as needed.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an elevator wire rope testing device and a method for testing elevator wire ropes to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an elevator wire rope testing device and a method for testing elevator wire ropes, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an elevator wire rope detection device, comprising two mirror-image disposed on detection device one and detection device two, and a fixing component disposed on detection device one and detection device two; the detection device includes a guide component, a detection component, and a guide component, the guide component being disposed on the front side of the detection component, and guide components being disposed at the upper and lower ends of the guide component; the guide component includes a guide frame, a guide wheel portion, and a guide fastener; the lower end of the guide frame is disposed on the guide component, the guide frame is disposed on the guide wheel portion, and a guide fastener is disposed on the side of the guide frame away from the guide wheel portion; the detection component includes a magnet body one and a magnet body II. Magnetic circuit, detection frame, interlocking body one, and interlocking body two; the detection frame has a magnetic circuit on its rear side and magnet body one, magnet body two, interlocking body one, and interlocking body two on its front side; the guiding assembly includes a guiding body, a magnetic body, a guiding groove, interlocking groove one, interlocking groove two, locking block one, and locking block two; the guiding body has a guiding groove on its front side and interlocking groove one, interlocking groove two, locking block one, and locking block two on its rear side; the magnetic body is disposed in the guiding groove; the fixing assembly includes a fixing plate, a fixing member, and a fixing groove; one side of the fixing plate is disposed on detection device one, the fixing member is slidably disposed on the fixing plate, and the fixing groove is disposed on detection device two.

[0006] The guide frame includes a guide base and guide wheel fixing plates. The guide base has a U-shaped structure with the opening facing upwards. One end of the guide wheel fixing plate is fixed to both sides of the guide base via a fixing shaft, and the other end of the guide wheel fixing plate is rotatably equipped with a guide wheel portion. The guide wheel portion is located near the guide assembly and includes a guide wheel one, a guide wheel two, and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably positioned between the two guide wheel fixing plates, and guide wheel one and guide wheel two are fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft. The guide fastening component includes a fastening plate, a base plate, a fastening part, and a rotating frame. The base plate is fixed to the detection frame, and the fastening plate is fixed to the upper end of the base plate. One side of the rotating frame is rotatably positioned on both sides of the guide base, and the lower end of the other side of the rotating frame is equipped with a fastening part, which is fastened to the fastening plate.

[0007] The first magnet body, the second magnet body, and the magnetic circuit are arranged in contact, and the detection frame is set outside the first magnet body, the second magnet body, and the magnetic circuit; a ring magnetic circuit is formed between the first magnet body, the second magnet body, the magnetic circuit, and the wire rope.

[0008] The first and second chisels are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the detection frame, and the first and second chisels are respectively located outside the first and second magnets.

[0009] The guide groove is provided with two sets of magnetic bodies, and the rear ends of the two sets of magnetic bodies are connected to a detection unit, which is located between the two sets of magnetic bodies; the magnetic bodies include multiple magnetic sensors with gaps.

[0010] The number of magnetic sensors is twice the number of strands in the wire rope.

[0011] Both the first and second card blocks are provided with card slots that are compatible with the first and second interlocking bodies.

[0012] One side of the fixing plate is fixed to the detection frame of the detection device by a fixing block. There is a gap between the fixing plate and the detection device. The fixing plate is provided with a sliding groove and a slot. The slot is located at one end of the sliding groove and at the end close to the fixing block.

[0013] The fastener includes a head, an end, and a sliding part; one end of the sliding part is provided with a head, and the other end of the sliding part is provided with an end, which is adapted to the fixing groove.

[0014] A method for testing elevator wire ropes includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Put the elevator into maintenance mode, ensure that the wire rope is stationary, and prepare the elevator wire rope testing device.

[0016] S2. Use an elevator wire rope detection device to detect the entire breakage condition of the wire rope;

[0017] S3. The detected signal is collected and judged by an external computer to determine the specific situation and the corresponding location.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] This invention provides a guiding component that guides the wire rope during the inspection process, ensuring that the wire rope remains vertical and thus guaranteeing the inspection results.

[0020] This invention enables the detection unit to detect leakage magnetic flux from the wire rope by setting at least two sets of magnetic bodies. The magnetic sensors are spaced apart and arranged to surround the outer surface of the wire rope during use. The magnetic sensors are arranged radially and axially according to the wire rope, and can measure the radial and longitudinal leakage magnetic flux at each position of the wire rope individually, resulting in good measurement performance.

[0021] The guide component, detection component, and guide component of the present invention are detachable. By replacing the new detachable component, the detection device can be maintained and replaced, and the elevator wire rope can be detected.

[0022] The detection method of the device of the present invention is simple, easy to use, and reduces the difficulty of use. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an elevator wire rope detection device;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an elevator wire rope detection device;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the guiding components;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed components;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the guide fastener;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a magnetic body;

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Guide assembly; 11. Guide frame; 111. Guide base; 112. Guide wheel fixing plate; 12. Guide wheel section; 121. Guide wheel one; 122. Guide wheel two; 123. Rotating shaft; 13. Guide fastener; 131. Fastener plate; 132. Base plate; 133. Fastener part; 134. Rotating frame; 2. Detection assembly; 21. Magnet body one; 22. Magnet body two; 23. Magnetic circuit; 24. Detection frame; 25. Fitting body one; 26. Fitting body two; 3. Guide assembly; 31. Guide body; 32. Magnetic body; 321. Magnetic sensor; 33. Guide groove; 34. Fitting groove one; 35. Fitting groove two; 36. Locking block one; 37. Locking block two; 38. Detection part; 4. Fixing assembly; 41. Fixing plate; 411. Sliding groove; 412. Locking groove; 413. Fixing block; 42. Fixing component; 421. Head; 422. End; 423. Sliding part; 43. Fixing groove. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-6This invention provides a technical solution: an elevator wire rope detection device, comprising two mirror-image disposed on detection device one and detection device two, and a fixing component 4 disposed on detection device one and detection device two; the detection device includes a guide component 1, a detection component 2, and a guide component 3, the guide component 3 being disposed on the front side of the detection component 2, and the guide component 1 being disposed at both the upper and lower ends of the guide component 3; the guide component 1 includes a guide frame 11, a guide wheel portion 12, and a guide fastener 13; the lower end of the guide frame 11 is disposed on the guide component 3, the guide wheel portion 12 is disposed on the guide frame 11, and the guide fastener 13 is disposed on the side of the guide frame 11 away from the guide wheel portion 12; the detection component 2 includes a magnet body one 21, a magnet body two 22, a magnetic circuit 23, a detection frame 24, a fitting body one 25, and a fixing component 4. The second assembly 26; a magnetic circuit 23 is provided on the rear side of the detection frame 24, and a magnet body 1 21, a magnet body 22, a first assembly 25, and a second assembly 26 are provided on the front side of the detection frame 24; the guide assembly 3 includes a guide body 31, a magnetic body 32, a guide groove 33, a first fitting groove 34, a second fitting groove 35, a first locking block 36, and a second locking block 37; the guide body 31 has a guide groove 33 on its front side, and a first fitting groove 34, a second fitting groove 35, a first locking block 36, and a second locking block 37 on its rear side; the magnetic body 32 is disposed in the guide groove 33; the fixing assembly 4 includes a fixing plate 41, a fixing member 42, and a fixing groove 43; one side of the fixing plate 41 is disposed on the first detection device, the fixing member 42 is slidably disposed on the fixing plate 41, and the fixing groove 43 is disposed on the second detection device.

[0032] Furthermore, when the first and second detection devices are in use, the two guide grooves 33 are set on the outside of the wire rope, and the first and second detection devices are fixed by the fixing component 4 to detect the wire rope.

[0033] The guide frame 11 includes a guide base 111 and a guide wheel fixing plate 112; the guide base 111 has a U-shaped structure with the opening of the U-shaped structure facing upward; one end of the guide wheel fixing plate 112 is fixed on both sides of the guide base 111 via a fixing shaft, and the other end of the guide wheel fixing plate 112 is rotatably provided with a guide wheel part 12.

[0034] The guide wheel section 12 is located on the side near the guide assembly 3. The guide wheel section 12 includes a first guide wheel 121, a second guide wheel 122, and a rotating shaft 123. The rotating shaft 123 is rotatably disposed between two guide wheel fixing plates 112, and the first guide wheel 121 and the second guide wheel 122 are fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft 123.

[0035] In use, the wire rope passes between the two guide wheels 121 and 122, and the shaft 123 rotates as the wire rope passes through. The guide wheel section 12 increases the traction force.

[0036] The guide fastener 13 includes a fastener plate 131, a base plate 132, a fastening part 133, and a rotating frame 134; the base plate 132 is fixed on the detection frame 24, and the fastener plate 131 is fixed on the upper end of the base plate 132; one side of the rotating frame 134 is rotatably arranged on both sides of the guide base frame 111, and the lower end of the other side of the rotating frame 134 is provided with a fastening part 133, which is fastened to the fastener plate 131.

[0037] Furthermore, the buckle plate 131 is an arc-shaped structure that bends toward the fastening part 133, and the fastening part 133 is an arc-shaped structure that bends toward the buckle plate 131. The fastening part 133 and the buckle plate 131 are mutually compatible.

[0038] Furthermore, the fastening part 133 and the fastening plate 131 are not limited to arc-shaped structures, but can also be curved structures or other structures that can fasten each other.

[0039] The guide component 1 of the present invention is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the detection component 2. Specifically, the base plate 132 is fixed at the upper end of the detection frame 24 or the lower end of the detection frame 24.

[0040] The magnet body 1 21, magnet body 22 and magnetic circuit 23 are arranged in contact, and the detection frame 24 is arranged on the outside of the magnet body 1 21, magnet body 22 and magnetic circuit 23.

[0041] The first chisel 25 and the second chisel 26 are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the detection frame 24, and the first chisel 25 and the second chisel 26 are respectively located outside the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22.

[0042] The magnetic circuit 23 is set inside the detection frame 24. The front end of the magnetic circuit 23 is provided with a first magnet 21 and a second magnet 22, which are respectively set at the upper and lower ends of the magnetic circuit 23. The first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, the magnetic circuit 23 and the wire rope form a ring magnetic circuit.

[0043] Furthermore, the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 can be permanent magnets or electromagnets, and the magnetic circuit 23 is made of a material with high magnetic permeability. The first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 are adhered to the magnetic circuit 23 by their own magnetic force, and the positions of the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 relative to the magnetic circuit 23 can remain unchanged.

[0044] Specifically, the rear sides of the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 are disposed at the front end of the magnetic circuit 23, and the remaining parts of the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 are covered by the guide body 31.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, two sets of magnetic bodies 32 are provided in the guide groove 33, and a detection unit 38 is connected to the rear end of the two sets of magnetic bodies 32. The detection unit 38 is located between the two sets of magnetic bodies 32.

[0046] When a broken section of the wire rope passes the magnetic body 32, magnetic flux flows through the magnetic body 32 to the detection unit 38, allowing the detection unit 38 to detect the magnetic flux leaking from the broken section, thereby detecting the break in the wire rope. The detection unit 38 is positioned between two sets of magnetic bodies 32, enabling it to detect the leaking magnetic flux from the wire rope.

[0047] The magnetic body 32 includes a plurality of magnetic sensors 321 spaced apart. When in use, the magnetic sensors 321 are arranged to surround the outer surface of the wire rope, and the leakage magnetic flux of the wire rope is measured by the magnetic sensors 321.

[0048] The detection unit 38 uses the leakage flux data measured by the magnetic body 32 to check for abnormal structures in the wire rope. In use, the magnetic body 32 can detect the leakage of the wire rope and can measure the magnetic flux over the entire length. After the detection is completed, it can be connected to an external signal processing device via wired or wireless connection to process the detected data.

[0049] Furthermore, to facilitate the connection between the detection unit 38 and the external signal processing device, the detection unit 38 is equipped with a storage unit, an interface unit, a data input / output unit, and a communication unit, among other structures for transmitting and storing data. For example, the storage unit stores detection data, the interface unit connects to the external processing device, the data input / output unit connects to the magnetic body 32 to receive or transmit information, and the communication unit has the function of connecting to a network to send the inspection results, such as the number of disconnected lines, to the processing device.

[0050] After installing a wire rope detection device with this configuration in the elevator, the magnetic body 32 can measure the leakage magnetic flux along the entire length of the wire rope by moving it from the bottom floor to the top floor or from the top floor to the bottom floor. Then, using the measured leakage magnetic flux data, the detection unit 38 can detect abnormalities in the wire rope.

[0051] Furthermore, the wire rope is often composed of multiple strands of wire twisted together around a fiber core. The magnetic sensor 321 within the magnetic body 32 can be arranged radially and axially along the wire rope, that is, the two sets of magnetic bodies 32 are respectively arranged in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the wire rope. Therefore, the radial leakage magnetic flux and longitudinal leakage magnetic flux at each location of the wire rope can be measured individually.

[0052] Furthermore, the number of magnetic sensors 321 is twice the number of wire rope strands.

[0053] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to setting two sets of magnetic bodies 32. When the width of the magnetic sensor 321 in the Z direction is larger than the diameter of the wire rope, when all the magnetic sensors 321 are arranged in a row, the magnetic sensors 321 will interfere with each other, and the magnetic sensors 321 will move along the longitudinal direction of the wire rope and increase the number of rows.

[0054] Furthermore, the detection component 2 and the guide component 3 are electrically connected during installation, thereby electrically connecting the detection component 2 and the magnetic body 32.

[0055] The guide groove 33 contacts the wire rope and is used to guide the wire rope during use, so that the magnetic body 32 in the guide groove 33 can detect the wire rope.

[0056] Furthermore, the guide groove 33 is a U-shaped groove. Since the smaller the contact area between the steel wire 3 and the groove, the greater the surface pressure of the contact part, the tension on the U-shaped groove is less than the tension on the V-shaped groove, making it easier for the steel wire rope to move in the guide groove 33.

[0057] Furthermore, the fitting groove 34, fitting groove 35, and magnet body 21 and magnet body 22 are the same size and structure. During installation, magnet body 21 and magnet body 22 are placed in fitting groove 34 and fitting groove 35.

[0058] Both the first card block 36 and the second card block 37 are provided with slots that are compatible with the first interlocking body 25 and the second interlocking body 26. During installation, the first interlocking body 25 and the second interlocking body 26 are placed in the slots of the first card block 36 and the second card block 37, so that the guide component 3 and the detection component 2 are engaged and fixed.

[0059] The guide component 1, detection component 2 and guide component 3 of the present invention are detachable. By replacing the new detachable components, the detection device can be maintained and replaced, and the elevator wire rope can be detected.

[0060] The device of the present invention is provided with the fixing components 4 on both sides for fixing the detection devices on the left and right sides.

[0061] One side of the fixing plate 41 is fixed to the detection frame 24 on the detection device 1 via the fixing block 413. There is a gap between the fixing plate 41 and the detection device. The fixing plate 41 is provided with a sliding groove 411 and a slot 412. The slot 412 is located at one end of the sliding groove 411 and is located at the end near the fixing block 413.

[0062] The fixing member 42 includes a head 421, an end 422 and a sliding part 423; one end of the sliding part 423 is provided with the head 421, and the other end of the sliding part 423 is provided with the end 422, and the end 422 is adapted to the fixing groove 43.

[0063] The diameter of the slot 412 is located between the head 421 and the end 422, ensuring that the end 422 can be placed inside the slot 412 while the head 421 will not pass through the slot 412. In use, the sliding part 423 slides in the sliding groove 411 to the fixing groove 43 and is fixed, thus fixing the detection device one and detection device two on the left and right sides.

[0064] A method for testing elevator wire ropes includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Put the elevator into maintenance mode, ensure that the wire rope is stationary, and prepare the elevator wire rope testing device.

[0066] S2. Use an elevator wire rope detection device to detect the entire breakage condition of the wire rope;

[0067] S3. The detected signal is collected and judged by an external computer to determine the specific situation and the corresponding location.

[0068] In step S1, the guide component 3 is installed onto the detection component 2, and the guide components 1 and the detection component 2 at the upper and lower ends of the guide component 3 are fixed.

[0069] In step S2, the guide groove 33 is brought close to the surface of the wire rope and moved along the length of the wire rope. The magnetic sensor 321 collects the change signal of the leakage magnetic field, and the detection unit 38 performs detection.

[0070] In step S3, the acquired signal can be amplified and filtered before being acquired and judged by a computer. The computer counts the pulse signals emitted by the position encoder, and after calculation, obtains the equivalent number of broken wires and the equivalent wear of the wire rope, as well as the corresponding location.

[0071] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An elevator wire rope testing device, characterized in that, The device includes two mirror images of a detection device 1 and a detection device 2, and a fixing component (4) mounted on the detection device 1 and the detection device 2. The detection device includes a guide component (1), a detection component (2), and a guide component (3). The guide component (3) is located on the front side of the detection component (2), and the guide component (1) is located at the upper and lower ends of the guide component (3). The guide component (1) includes a guide frame (11), a guide wheel (12), and a guide fastener (13). The lower end of the guide frame (11) is located on the guide component (3), and the guide wheel (12) is located on the guide frame (11). The guide fastener (13) is located on the side of the guide frame (11) away from the guide wheel (12). The detection component (2) includes a magnet body 1 (21), a magnet body 2 (22), a magnetic circuit (23), a detection frame (24), a first interlocking body (25), and a second interlocking body (26). The rear side of the detection frame (24) A magnetic circuit (23) is provided, and a magnet body one (21), a magnet body two (22), a fitting body one (25), and a fitting body two (26) are provided on the front side of the detection frame (24); the guide assembly (3) includes a guide body (31), a magnetic body (32), a guide groove (33), a fitting groove one (34), a fitting groove two (35), a locking block one (36), and a locking block two (37); the guide body (31) is provided with a guide groove (33) on the front side, the guide body ( The rear side of 31) is provided with a first fitting groove (34), a second fitting groove (35), a first locking block (36), and a second locking block (37); the magnetic body (32) is disposed in the guide groove (33); the fixing component (4) includes a fixing plate (41), a fixing member (42), and a fixing groove (43); one side of the fixing plate (41) is disposed on the first detection device, the fixing member (42) is slidably disposed on the fixing plate (41), and the fixing groove (43) is disposed on the second detection device; The guide frame (11) includes a guide base (111) and a guide wheel fixing plate (112); the guide base (111) has a U-shaped structure with the opening facing upwards; one end of the guide wheel fixing plate (112) is fixed on both sides of the guide base (111) via a fixing shaft, and the other end of the guide wheel fixing plate (112) is rotatably provided with a guide wheel part (12); the guide wheel part (12) is located on the side close to the guide assembly (3), and the guide wheel part (12) includes a guide wheel one (121), a guide wheel two (122), and a rotating shaft (123); the rotating shaft (123) is rotatably mounted on the two guide wheel fixing plates. Between the fixed plates (112), guide wheels one (121) and guide wheels two (122) are fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft (123); the guide fastening component (13) includes a fastening plate (131), a base plate (132), a fastening part (133) and a rotating frame (134); the base plate (132) is fixed on the detection frame (24), and the fastening plate (131) is fixed on the upper end of the base plate (132); one side of the rotating frame (134) is rotatably set on both sides of the guide base frame (111), and the lower end of the other side of the rotating frame (134) is provided with a fastening part (133), and the fastening part (133) and the fastening plate (131) are fastened together.

2. The elevator wire rope detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnet body one (21), magnet body two (22) and magnetic circuit (23) are arranged in contact, and the detection frame (24) is arranged on the outside of magnet body one (21), magnet body two (22) and magnetic circuit (23); a ring magnetic circuit is formed between magnet body one (21), magnet body two (22), magnetic circuit (23) and wire rope.

3. The elevator wire rope detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first chimera (25) and the second chimera (26) are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the detection frame (24), and the first chimera (25) and the second chimera (26) are respectively located outside the first magnet (21) and the second magnet (22).

4. The elevator wire rope detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide groove (33) is provided with two sets of magnetic bodies (32), and the rear ends of the two sets of magnetic bodies (32) are connected to a detection unit (38), which is located between the two sets of magnetic bodies (32); the magnetic body (32) includes multiple magnetic sensors (321) with gaps.

5. The elevator wire rope detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of magnetic sensors (321) is twice the number of wire rope strands.

6. The elevator wire rope detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first card block (36) and the second card block (37) are provided with card slots that are compatible with the first interlocking body (25) and the second interlocking body (26).

7. The elevator wire rope detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the fixing plate (41) is fixed to the detection frame (24) on the detection device by the fixing block (413). There is a gap between the fixing plate (41) and the detection device. The fixing plate (41) is provided with a sliding groove (411) and a slot (412). The slot (412) is located at one end of the sliding groove (411) and is located at one end close to the fixing block (413).

8. The elevator wire rope detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener (42) includes a head (421), an end (422) and a sliding part (423); one end of the sliding part (423) is provided with a head (421), and the other end of the sliding part (423) is provided with an end (422), and the end (422) is adapted to the fixing groove (43).

9. A method for detecting elevator wire ropes, using an elevator wire rope detection device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Put the elevator into maintenance mode, ensure that the wire rope is stationary, and prepare the elevator wire rope testing device. S2. Use an elevator wire rope detection device to detect the entire breakage condition of the wire rope; S3. The detected signal is collected and judged by an external computer to determine the specific situation and the corresponding location.

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