Hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment, and relates to the technical field of impactors. The hydraulic impactor comprises a drill rod, a front guide module, a gear box module and a hydraulic impact module, the drill rod penetrates through the front guide module, the gear box module is arranged on the rear side of the front guide module and connected with the front guide module, and the impact flow distribution module is arranged on the rear side of the gear box module and connected with the gear box module. The impact flow distribution module comprises a flow distribution shell, an impact piston and a flow distribution piece, a shaft shoulder structure is arranged on the surface of the impact piston, part of the shaft shoulder structure is provided with a first acting face and a second acting face, the first acting face and the second acting face form hydraulic acting faces, and the hydraulic acting faces are located in the corresponding oil cavities. According to the hydraulic impactor and the rock breaking equipment provided by the invention, through modular design, all the modules are tightly connected and are easy to disassemble, so that the hydraulic impactor does not need to be disassembled too much during maintenance, the maintenance time is shortened, and the maintainability of the whole machine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of impactors, and in particular to a hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment. Background Art

[0002] The impactor is an important construction equipment in the field of tunneling and mining. It uses hydraulic oil to drive the impact piston to continuously impact the end of the drill rod, generating impact stress, which is transmitted to the interface between the drill bit and the rock to produce rock breaking effect. Impactors include pneumatic impactors, electric impactors, hydraulic impactors, etc., which are widely used in tunnel construction such as railway transportation, water conservancy projects, subway projects, oil and gas pipelines, etc.

[0003] The working environment of the impactor is complex. Under the influence of eccentric load and acidic water corrosion, hydraulic oil emulsification, rock drilling component corrosion, and wear and tear often occur in the internal parts of the impactor. Therefore, regular maintenance is required for the vulnerable parts of the impactor.

[0004] However, the traditional impactor has a complex structure and takes a long time to disassemble and assemble, resulting in poor maintainability of the entire machine. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment to solve the problem that the disassembly and assembly of traditional impactors takes a long time and the maintainability of the whole machine is poor.

[0006] On one hand, the present application provides a hydraulic impactor, comprising:

[0007] Drill rod, used to drill holes and break rocks on the broken surface;

[0008] A front guide module, wherein the drill rod is passed through the front guide module, and the front guide module is used to guide the drill rod;

[0009] A gear box module is arranged at the rear side of the front guide module and connected to the front guide module, and the gear box module is used to drive the drill rod to rotate;

[0010] The impact flow distribution module is arranged at the rear side of the gear box module and connected to the gear box module. The impact flow distribution module includes:

[0011] A distribution housing is provided with an oil inlet flow channel and an oil return flow channel, the oil inlet flow channel and the oil return flow channel are both connected to an external oil supply device, and the inner wall of the distribution housing is provided with a plurality of oil chambers, the oil chambers are connected to the oil inlet flow channel and the oil return flow channel;

[0012] An impact piston is drivingly connected to the drill rod to drive the drill rod to move, and the impact distribution module is configured to drive the impact piston to move by adjusting the oil pressure in the plurality of oil chambers;

[0013] A flow distribution member, disposed at the rear side of the impact piston and drivingly connected to the impact piston, so as to adjust the pressure state of the plurality of oil chambers;

[0014] The surface of the impact piston is provided with a shoulder structure, wherein part of the shoulder structure has a first active surface along the axial direction facing the drill rod, and part of the shoulder structure has a second active surface along the axial direction facing away from the drill rod, and the first active surface and the second active surface both constitute hydraulic active surfaces, and the hydraulic active surfaces are in the corresponding oil chamber.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the impact piston has a first stroke along the axial direction, and the distribution piece has a second stroke along the axial direction, and the second stroke is smaller than the first stroke.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the oil chamber includes: a first high-pressure chamber and a first low-pressure chamber.

[0017] The first high-pressure chamber and the first low-pressure chamber are located in a region corresponding to the first stroke of the flow distribution member.

[0018] A connecting flow channel is provided on the surface of the flow distribution member. When the flow distribution member moves, the on-off state of the first high-pressure chamber and the first low-pressure chamber is adjusted by adjusting the position of the connecting flow channel.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the flow distribution housing includes:

[0020] A main housing having a first port and a second port along the axial direction, wherein the first port is connected to the gearbox module;

[0021] a tail plate, covering the second port;

[0022] A valve cover is provided between the tail plate and the flow distribution member, a second high-pressure chamber is defined between the valve cover and the tail plate, a first variable-pressure chamber is defined between the valve cover and the flow distribution member, the first variable-pressure chamber is communicated with at least one of the first high-pressure chamber and the first low-pressure chamber, a second low-pressure chamber and a second variable-pressure chamber are defined between the valve cover and the main housing, and the first variable-pressure chamber is communicated with the second variable-pressure chamber;

[0023] A push rod is inserted through the valve cover, the push rod is connected to the flow distribution piece, and a third low-pressure chamber is defined between the valve cover and the push rod.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the oil chamber further includes: a third high-pressure chamber, a fourth low-pressure chamber and a third variable-pressure chamber, a variable-pressure throttling protrusion is provided between the fourth low-pressure chamber and the third variable-pressure chamber, the variable-pressure throttling protrusion extends into a groove between two adjacent shoulder structures, and the variable-pressure throttling protrusion is detachably matched with the two shoulder structures to adjust the oil flow between the fourth low-pressure chamber and the third variable-pressure chamber.

[0025] The third voltage transformation chamber is communicated with the first voltage transformation chamber and the second voltage transformation chamber.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the impact flow distribution module further includes:

[0027] A high-pressure accumulator is arranged outside the flow distribution housing and is respectively connected to the multiple high-pressure chambers;

[0028] The low-pressure accumulator is arranged outside the distribution shell and is connected with a plurality of low-pressure chambers and a pressure-changing chamber respectively.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the inner wall of the distribution housing and the impact piston jointly define a lubrication cavity, and the lubrication cavity is located at the front side of the plurality of oil cavities; and / or,

[0030] The inner wall of the distribution housing and the impact piston also define an anti-leakage chamber together, and the anti-leakage chamber is arranged on the front side of the plurality of oil chambers.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the front guidance module includes:

[0032] A guide housing is fixedly connected to the gear box module, the guide housing defines a guide activity cavity adapted to the drill rod, and a side wall of the guide housing is provided with an observation hole and a flushing channel, the flushing channel is used to spray flushing water to the crushing surface, and the observation hole is used to observe the working status of the components inside the guide housing;

[0033] A dust cover is arranged at the front end of the guiding movable cavity.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the gearbox module includes:

[0035] A box body, connected to the front guide module and the flow distribution housing respectively;

[0036] A driving assembly is arranged in the box and is drivingly connected to the drill rod;

[0037] The mounting structure is used to connect with the arm of the trolley.

[0038] On the other hand, the present application provides a rock breaking device, including a trolley and a hydraulic impactor in any possible implementation manner described above, wherein the hydraulic impactor is fixed to the boom, and the trolley has a boom.

[0039] The hydraulic impactor and rock-breaking equipment provided in the present application adopt a modular design, and each module is tightly connected and easy to disassemble. In this way, the hydraulic impactor does not need too much disassembly work during maintenance. Compared with the traditional hydraulic impactor, the modular design of this solution allows the whole machine to be repaired and replaced without disassembling complex components such as oil pipes during maintenance, which reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance, shortens the maintenance time, and improves the maintainability of the whole machine. The hydraulic impactor of this solution has the advantages of reasonable design, compact structure, easy maintenance and high work efficiency. In complex working environments, such as tunnel construction operations, it can cope with complex environments such as eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion. The modular design and easy-to-disassemble connection method of the hydraulic impactor in this solution ensure the convenience and efficiency of the whole machine during maintenance. The modular design also realizes the interchangeability of other functional modules of the impactor, realizing the function switching or performance upgrade of the impactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic impactor of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic impactor of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the middle impact flow distribution module;

[0044] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the middle impact flow distribution module from another perspective;

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of flow distribution of the middle impact flow distribution module;

[0046] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-front guidance module;

[0047] Figure 7 for Figure 1Structural diagram of the gearbox module;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment of this application.

[0049] Description of reference numerals:

[0050] 10-trolley; 11-arm;

[0051] 100-drill rod;

[0052] 200-front guide module; 210-guide housing; 212-observation hole; 213-flushing channel; 220-dust cover;

[0053] 300-gearbox module; 310-box body; 311-limiting hole; 320-driving assembly; 330-installation structure;

[0054] 400-impact distribution module; 410-distribution housing; 410a-oil inlet channel; 410b-oil return channel; 411-main housing; 412-tail plate; 413-valve cover; 414-push rod; 415-first installation position; 416-second installation position; 417-hydraulic stop piston; 420-impact piston; 430-distribution piece; 440-shoulder structure; 450-high-pressure accumulator; 460-low-pressure accumulator; 470-anti-leakage chamber; 480-lubrication chamber; 481-first lubrication part; 482-second lubrication part;

[0055] 511 - first high pressure chamber; 512 - second high pressure chamber; 513 - third high pressure chamber;

[0056] 521 - first low-pressure chamber; 522 - second low-pressure chamber; 523 - third low-pressure chamber; 524 - fourth low-pressure chamber;

[0057] 531-first transformer chamber; 532-second transformer chamber; 533-third transformer chamber;

[0058] 600-Voltage throttling protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0060] The impactor is an important construction equipment in the field of tunneling and mining. It uses hydraulic oil to drive the impact piston to continuously impact the end of the drill rod, generating impact stress, which is transmitted to the interface between the drill bit and the rock to produce rock breaking effect. Impactors include pneumatic impactors, electric impactors, hydraulic impactors, etc., which are widely used in tunnel construction such as railway transportation, water conservancy projects, subway projects, oil and gas pipelines, etc.

[0061] The working environment of the impactor is complex. For example, during tunnel construction, under the influence of eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion, the internal parts of the impactor often suffer from hydraulic oil emulsification, rock drilling component corrosion, and wear, which can easily cause fatigue fracture of the impact components, resulting in impactor failure and shortening the life of the impactor. Therefore, regular maintenance of the vulnerable parts of the impactor is required.

[0062] However, the traditional impactor has a complex structure and takes a long time to disassemble and assemble, resulting in poor maintainability of the whole machine. Specifically, when disassembling and assembling the traditional impactor for maintenance, it is often necessary to disassemble the oil pipe for maintenance, and then disassemble and repair the drill tail, impact parts, etc., which is inconvenient and time-consuming to maintain.

[0063] In addition, traditional impactors are often installed on the left and right arms of the trolley. To adapt to the arm installation, the traditional impactor design often needs to be customized for a specific left or right arm, and its structure, size and installation interface may be incompatible with the other side arm. This makes it impossible to interchange the impactor between the left and right arms of the trolley, thus limiting flexibility and versatility.

[0064] In view of this, the present application provides a hydraulic impactor and rock breaking equipment. The hydraulic impactor adopts a modular design, and the modules are tightly connected and easy to disassemble. In this way, the hydraulic impactor does not require excessive disassembly work during maintenance. Compared with traditional hydraulic impactors, the modular design of this solution allows the entire machine to be inspected and replaced without disassembling complex components such as oil pipes, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance, shortening the maintenance time, and improving the maintainability of the entire machine.

[0065] The hydraulic impactor of this solution has the advantages of reasonable design, compact structure, easy maintenance and high working efficiency. In complex working environments, such as tunnel construction, it can cope with complex environments such as eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion. The modular design and easy-to-disassemble connection method of the hydraulic impactor in this solution ensure the convenience and efficiency of the whole machine during maintenance. The modular design also realizes the interchangeability of other functional modules of the impactor, realizing the function switching or performance upgrade of the impactor.

[0066] In addition, the hydraulic impactor proposed in this application optimizes the traditional impactor by adopting a series system reliability design, which not only simplifies the structure of the impactor, but also reduces the number of parts of the front guide module and the impact distribution module, and re-arranges and optimizes the internal structure and function of the impactor. This optimization not only simplifies the assembly process and reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs, but also improves the reliability of the whole machine and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0067] In addition, through precise hydraulic control system and optimized oil circuit design, this solution can achieve precise control of the impact piston movement, improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment.

[0068] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 8 A hydraulic impactor according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present application is described.

[0069] The hydraulic impactor of this embodiment may include a hydraulic impactor without flow distribution, a hydraulic impactor with forced flow distribution, an automatic flow distribution hydraulic impactor, etc.

[0070] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The hydraulic impactor may include a drill rod 100 , a front guide module 200 , a gear box module 300 and an impact distribution module 400 .

[0071] The drill rod 100 usually acts directly on the crushing surface to drill holes and break rocks on the crushing surface to perform rock breaking operations.

[0072] The front guide module 200 and the drill rod 100 are inserted into the front guide module 200. The front guide module 200 is used to guide the drill rod 100 to ensure that the drill rod 100 can maintain a stable motion trajectory during operation, and provides necessary guidance and support for the drill rod 100 to ensure that the drill rod 100 does not deviate from the preset path during impact and rotation. The front guide module 200 cooperates with the drill rod 100 to reduce additional wear caused by deflection.

[0073] The gearbox module 300 is arranged at the rear side of the front guide module 200 and connected to the front guide module 200. The gearbox module 300 is used to drive the drill rod 100 to rotate, so as to increase the cutting efficiency and rock breaking ability of the drill rod 100. Specifically, a transmission gear is installed inside it to drive the drill rod 100 to rotate. By adjusting the speed and direction of the transmission gear, the movement state of the drill rod 100 can be controlled.

[0074] The impact flow distribution module 400 is arranged at the rear side of the gear box module 300 and connected to the gear box module 300. The impact flow distribution module 400 includes a flow distribution housing 410, an impact piston 420 and a flow distribution member 430. The impact flow distribution module 400 is the core part of the hydraulic impactor, and drives the impact piston 420 to move by adjusting the oil pressure in the oil chamber, thereby realizing the drilling and rock breaking function of the drill rod 100.

[0075] Among them, the distribution housing 410 is provided with an oil inlet channel 410a and an oil return channel 410b, and the oil inlet channel 410a and the oil return channel 410b are both connected to the external oil supply device. The inner wall of the distribution housing 410 is provided with a plurality of oil chambers for storing and regulating hydraulic oil, and the oil chambers are connected with the oil inlet channel 410a and the oil return channel 410b.

[0076] The impact piston 420 drives the drill rod 100 to perform impact motion through hydraulic action. The movement state of the impact piston 420 is determined by the change in oil pressure in the oil chamber. Specifically, the impact piston 420 is connected to the drill rod 100 in a transmission manner to drive the drill rod 100 to perform reciprocating motion. The impact distribution module 400 is constructed to drive the impact piston 420 to move by adjusting the oil pressure in multiple oil chambers.

[0077] The flow distribution member 430 is disposed at the rear side of the impact piston 420 and is in driving connection with the impact piston 420. The flow distribution member 430 controls the movement of the impact piston 420 by adjusting the pressure state of the oil chamber. Optionally, the flow distribution member 430 may be a flow distribution valve, which may be provided with an oil circuit inside, and can realize the distribution and adjustment of the oil flow according to the working requirements.

[0078] The surface of the impact piston 420 is provided with a shoulder structure 440, forming a hydraulic action surface, wherein part of the shoulder structure 440 has a first action surface axially facing the drill rod 100, and part of the shoulder structure 440 has a second action surface axially facing away from the drill rod 100, and the first action surface and the second action surface both constitute hydraulic action surfaces, and the hydraulic action surfaces are in the corresponding oil chamber. The first action surface and the second action surface constitute hydraulic action surfaces, and are respectively located in the corresponding oil chambers, directly participating in the pressure transmission and regulation of the hydraulic system, and driving the impact piston 420 to move by adjusting the oil pressure, thereby improving the working efficiency of the hydraulic impactor and enhancing stability and reliability.

[0079] It can be seen that the hydraulic impactor adopts a modular design, and the modules are tightly connected and easy to disassemble. In this way, the hydraulic impactor does not require excessive disassembly during maintenance. Compared with the traditional hydraulic impactor, the modular design of this scheme makes it possible to inspect and replace the entire machine without disassembling complex components such as oil pipes during maintenance, which reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance, shortens the maintenance time, and improves the maintainability of the entire machine.

[0080] The hydraulic impactor of this solution has the advantages of reasonable design, compact structure, easy maintenance and high working efficiency. In complex working environments, such as tunnel construction, it can cope with complex environments such as eccentric loads and acidic water corrosion. The modular design and easy-to-disassemble connection method of the hydraulic impactor in this solution ensure the convenience and efficiency of the whole machine during maintenance. The modular design also realizes the interchangeability of other functional modules of the impactor, realizing the function switching or performance upgrade of the impactor.

[0081] In addition, the hydraulic impactor proposed in this application optimizes the traditional impactor by adopting a series system reliability design, which not only simplifies the structure of the impactor, but also reduces the number of parts of the front guide module 200 and the impact distribution module 400, and re-arranges and optimizes the internal structure and function of the impactor. This optimization not only simplifies the assembly process and reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs, but also improves the reliability of the whole machine and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0082] In addition, through a precise hydraulic control system and an optimized oil circuit design, this solution can achieve precise control of the movement of the impact piston 420, thereby improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment.

[0083] Optionally, the modules, namely the front guide module 200, the gearbox module 300, and the impact distribution module 400, can be fixedly connected by bolts. Optionally, the hydraulic impactor of the present application can also be fixedly connected to the arm 11 of the trolley 10 by bolts.

[0084] Optionally, seals may be provided at the connection ports between the modules, i.e., the front guide module 200, the gear box module 300, and the impact distribution module 400, to ensure the tightness of the connection between the modules, prevent liquid leakage and foreign matter from entering the hydraulic impactor, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0085] Exemplarily, the seal may be a static seal, such as an O-ring, a flat gasket, etc., or a dynamic seal, such as an oil seal, a rotary seal, etc. The specific seal may be selected according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0086] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 5 The impact piston 420 has a first stroke along the axial direction, and the distribution member 430 has a second stroke along the axial direction, and the second stroke is smaller than the first stroke.

[0087] Specifically, the axial movement distance of the impact piston 420 is referred to as a first stroke, and the first stroke determines the impact energy and impact frequency that the impact piston 420 can generate.

[0088] In addition, the axial movement distance of the distribution member 430 is called the second stroke, and the second stroke of the distribution member 430 can be used to adjust the oil pressure in the oil chamber, thereby controlling the movement of the impact piston 420. Specifically, by changing the position of the distribution member 430, the connection state of the oil chamber can be adjusted, thereby changing the oil pressure and flow rate.

[0089] The length of the second stroke is smaller than the length of the first stroke, so as to ensure that the distribution piece 430 can effectively adjust the oil pressure without interfering with the movement of the impact piston 420. In addition, the smaller second stroke also helps to simplify the equipment structure, improve the maintainability, and also helps to reduce the friction and wear between the distribution piece 430 and the oil chamber, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the equipment.

[0090] It should be noted that the "high voltage", "low voltage" and "voltage transformation" mentioned in the following text of this application are all relative.

[0091] That is, "high pressure" refers to an area or state with higher pressure relative to other parts of the system. This does not mean that this pressure value is the highest in all possible hydraulic systems, but it means that within the current system, the pressure in this area is higher than other areas.

[0092] Correspondingly, "low pressure" refers to the area or state with lower pressure in the system. It is also a relative concept, meaning that the pressure in this area is lower than that in other areas within the current system. "Variation pressure" refers to the change of pressure value over time or working stage, which is relative to the pressure in a specific working stage.

[0093] Therefore, the “high voltage”, “low voltage” and “voltage transformation” mentioned in this application are clear concepts.

[0094] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 5 The oil chamber includes a first high-pressure chamber 511 and a first low-pressure chamber 521. The first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 are located in the region corresponding to the first stroke of the flow distribution member 430, and bear the functions of high pressure and low pressure respectively.

[0095] The first high-pressure chamber 511 is used to store high-pressure hydraulic oil to provide sufficient impact force to drive the impact piston 420 to move, and the first low-pressure chamber 521 is used to receive the refluxed low-pressure hydraulic oil to complete the circulation of the hydraulic system.

[0096] A connecting flow channel is provided on the surface of the flow distribution member 430. When the flow distribution member 430 moves, the on-off state of the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the connecting flow channel. The design of the connecting flow channel enables the flow distribution member 430 to control the flow of hydraulic oil between the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 by adjusting its position. When the flow distribution member 430 moves, the position of the connecting flow channel changes, thereby changing the on-off state of the oil chamber.

[0097] Specifically, in the first stroke of the flow distribution member 430, the position of the connecting flow channel changes according to the movement of the flow distribution member 430. By changing the position of the connecting flow channel, the flow distribution member 430 can control the hydraulic oil pressure in the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521, thereby adjusting the movement of the impact piston 420.

[0098] Exemplarily, during the return stroke, as the distribution component 430 moves, the rear end of the distribution component 430 is connected to the first low-pressure chamber 521, and the connecting flow channel connects the first low-pressure chamber 521 to the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420 (i.e., the first high-pressure chamber 511), so that the first high-pressure chamber 511 changes from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state, thereby allowing the impact piston 420 to achieve a return stroke under the action of high pressure and the rebound of the impact stress wave at the drill tail. During the stroke, the distribution component 430 moves accordingly, and the position of the connecting flow channel moves accordingly. The distribution component 430 disconnects the first low-pressure chamber 521, and connects the first high-pressure chamber 511 to the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420, i.e., switches to a high-pressure state to achieve braking and acceleration.

[0099] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The distribution housing 410 includes a main housing 411 , a tail plate 412 , a valve cover 413 and a push rod 414 .

[0100] The main housing 411 is the main structural part of the distribution housing 410. The main housing 411 has a first port and a second port along the axial direction. The first port is connected to the gearbox module 300 for transmitting power or receiving input from the gearbox module 300. The tail plate 412 covers the second port to close and protect the internal components.

[0101] The valve cover 413 is arranged between the tail plate 412 and the distribution piece 430. A second high-pressure chamber 512 is defined between the valve cover 413 and the tail plate 412. The second high-pressure chamber 512 is connected to other high-pressure oil circuits in the hydraulic system to provide high-pressure hydraulic oil to components such as the impact piston 420. A first variable pressure chamber 531 is defined between the valve cover 413 and the distribution piece 430. The first variable pressure chamber 531 is connected to at least one of the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the first low-pressure chamber 521 to adjust the pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil.

[0102] The valve cover 413 also defines a second low-pressure chamber 522 and a second variable-pressure chamber 532 between the valve cover 413 and the main housing 411. The second low-pressure chamber 522 plays the role of reflux, pressure conversion and buffering in the hydraulic circuit. The second low-pressure chamber 522 realizes lubrication of the valve cover 413 and prevents the valve cover 413 from getting stuck and losing its function. The first variable-pressure chamber 531 is connected to the second variable-pressure chamber 532. In this way, when the first variable-pressure chamber 531 becomes a high-pressure chamber or a low-pressure chamber, the second variable-pressure chamber 532 becomes a high-pressure chamber or a low-pressure chamber accordingly, realizing the regulation of the hydraulic oil.

[0103] The push rod 414 is inserted through the valve cover 413, and the push rod 414 is connected to the distribution piece 430. A third low-pressure chamber 523 is defined between the valve cover 413 and the push rod 414. The third low-pressure chamber 523 receives the refluxed low-pressure hydraulic oil, thereby achieving lubrication of the push rod 414 and preventing the valve cover 413 and the push rod 414 from getting stuck and losing their function. Optionally, the second low-pressure chamber 522 is connected to the third low-pressure chamber 523.

[0104] The distribution housing 410 controls the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil through the multiple oil chambers and connecting flow channels integrated therein, as well as the movement of the distribution member 430. When the distribution member 430 moves, the position of the connecting flow channels opened thereon changes accordingly, thereby adjusting the connectivity between different oil chambers, so that the hydraulic impactor can adjust the oil pressure and flow according to work requirements, thereby controlling the movement of the impact piston 420.

[0105] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 5 The oil chamber further includes a third high-pressure chamber 513, a fourth low-pressure chamber 524 and a third variable-pressure chamber 533, wherein the third high-pressure chamber 513, the fourth low-pressure chamber 524 and the third variable-pressure chamber 533 are sequentially arranged from front to back along the axial direction of the impact piston 420, and an oil passage is provided inside the impact piston 420. When the impact piston 420 moves forward to a preset position, the first high-pressure chamber 511 is connected to the third variable-pressure chamber 533. This design allows the hydraulic oil to flow between the oil chambers at different movement stages of the impact piston 420, thereby adjusting the pressure state of each chamber and achieving smooth movement and effective impact of the impact piston 420.

[0106] A variable pressure throttling protrusion 600 is provided between the fourth low pressure chamber 524 and the third variable pressure chamber 533. The variable pressure throttling protrusion 600 extends into the groove between two adjacent shoulder structures 440. The variable pressure throttling protrusion 600 and the two shoulder structures 440 can be detachably matched. This design allows the variable pressure throttling protrusion 600 to adjust the oil flow speed of the fourth low pressure chamber 524 and the third variable pressure chamber 533 during the movement of the impact piston 420. The design of the variable pressure throttling protrusion 600 can achieve slow oil leakage of the third variable pressure chamber 533 during the return stroke of the impact piston 420, so as to achieve deceleration braking of the impact piston 420, avoid the distribution mechanism from directly bearing a large impact force, ensure the reliability of the impact distribution parts, and thus improve the operating stability of the hydraulic impactor.

[0107] In addition, after the impact piston 420 has traveled a certain stroke, the third pressure-transformer chamber 533 is connected with the first pressure-transformer chamber 531 and the second pressure-transformer chamber 532, so that the hydraulic pressures in the first pressure-transformer chamber 531, the second pressure-transformer chamber 532 and the third pressure-transformer chamber 533 are consistent. The connectivity among the three ensures that the hydraulic oil can flow flexibly in the entire hydraulic impactor system, and according to the movement state of the impact piston 420 and the control of the distribution mechanism, the pressure adjustment and energy transfer between the chambers are realized.

[0108] During the operation of the hydraulic impactor, the flow distribution mechanism accurately controls the flow and pressure state of the hydraulic oil in each chamber. When the impact piston 420 moves forward to the preset position, the oil passage connects the first high-pressure chamber 511 and the third pressure-changing chamber 533, so that the third pressure-changing chamber 533 becomes a high-pressure chamber. The third pressure-changing chamber 533 is connected to the first pressure-changing chamber 531 through the internally arranged channel. When the first high-pressure chamber 511 is connected to the third pressure-changing chamber 533, the flow distribution member 430 accelerates forward to the preset position under the action of the high pressure on the right side, and connects the rear end of the flow distribution member 430 with the first low-pressure chamber 521, the first pressure-changing chamber 531, and the chamber at the rear end of the impact piston 420, so that the rear end of the impact piston 420 becomes a low-pressure chamber. In this way, the front end of the impact piston 420 is in the high-pressure state of the third high-pressure chamber 513, and the rear end is in the low-pressure state. The impact piston 420 realizes reversal after hitting the drill rod 100, and realizes accelerated return stroke under the high pressure state of the impact distribution module 400 and the low pressure state of the rear end.

[0109] It can be seen that the movement process of the impact piston 420 includes a return stage, a stage from the end of the return to the beginning of the stroke, a stroke stage, and a stage from the end of the stroke to the return preparation stage, and the flow distribution principle is as follows.

[0110] Among them, in the return stage: the distribution piece 430 moves to a position connected to the first low-pressure chamber 521, so that the chamber at the rear end of the impact piston 420 becomes low pressure, thereby realizing pressure relief in the chamber at the rear end of the impact piston 420. At this time, the front end of the impact piston 420 is in a high-pressure state of the third high-pressure chamber 513, and the rear end is in a low-pressure state. The impact piston 420 reverses after hitting the drill rod 100, and realizes an accelerated return stroke under the state of high pressure of the impact distribution module 400 and low pressure at the rear end.

[0111] The variable pressure throttling protrusion 600 between the fourth low-pressure chamber 524 and the third variable pressure chamber 533 realizes the slow oil leakage of the third variable pressure chamber 533 when the impact piston 420 returns, so as to achieve the deceleration braking of the impact piston 420 and protect the internal parts.

[0112] In the stage from the end of the return stroke to the beginning of the stroke: the impact piston 420 hits the distribution piece 430, the distribution piece 430 moves and closes the connection between the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420 and the first low-pressure chamber 521, the distribution piece 430 moves and drives the push rod 414 to hit the valve cover 413, and the high pressure of the second high-pressure chamber 512, the first pressure-changing chamber 531 and the second pressure-changing chamber 532 buffers and brakes the impact piston 420, the distribution piece 430, the push rod 414 and the valve cover 413 as a whole.

[0113] When the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420 is connected to the first high pressure chamber 511 , the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420 is instantly switched to high pressure, providing thrust for the stroke movement of the impact piston 420 .

[0114] During the stroke stage: the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the rear chamber of the impact piston 420 pushes the impact piston 420 to move forward. When the impact piston 420 moves to the preset position, the first high-pressure chamber 511 is connected with the third pressure-changing chamber 533, and the third pressure-changing chamber 533 is always connected with the second pressure-changing chamber 532 and the first pressure-changing chamber 531 through the internal oil passage. At this time, the distribution member 430 is accelerated forward under the action of the high-pressure oil in the rear first pressure-changing chamber 531, preparing for the connection between the first low-pressure chamber 521 and the first pressure-changing chamber 531.

[0115] The distribution member 430 moves forward under the action of the high-pressure oil until the connecting flow channel on the distribution member 430 connects the first low-pressure chamber 521 and the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420 again, preparing for the next return movement.

[0116] From the end of the stroke to the return preparation stage: when the distribution piece 430 continues to move to the connecting channel connecting the first low-pressure chamber 521 and the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420, the rear end chamber of the impact piston 420 is connected to the external low-pressure return oil circuit again to achieve pressure relief; at the same time, the impact piston 420 hits the drill rod 100 and rebounds, and the impact piston 420 starts the return movement under the high pressure of the third high-pressure chamber 513 and the third pressure-changing chamber 533, and enters the next working cycle.

[0117] In summary, the flow distribution principle of the hydraulic impactor realizes efficient and stable movement of the impact piston 420 by controlling the hydraulic oil pressure and flow path in each chamber. During the return and stroke processes, the pressure state and connectivity state of each chamber are continuously switched to meet the movement requirements of the impact piston 420.

[0118] It should be noted that the layout of various oil channels inside the hydraulic impactor in this solution is a functional layout, and the oil channel layout form or channel number that can realize the functionality of this application is within the protection scope of this application.

[0119] In addition, in some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The impact distribution module 400 also includes a high-pressure accumulator 450 and a low-pressure accumulator 460. The high-pressure accumulator 450 and the low-pressure accumulator 460 are energy storage devices in the hydraulic system, which have the functions of storing energy, stabilizing pressure, compensating leakage, absorbing impact and pulsation, etc.

[0120] The high-pressure accumulator 450 is disposed outside the flow distribution housing 410, and the high-pressure accumulator 450 is respectively connected to a plurality of high-pressure chambers, such as the first high-pressure chamber 511, the second high-pressure chamber 512, and the third high-pressure chamber 513. The high-pressure accumulator 450 can quickly replenish the hydraulic oil when the impact piston 420 needs high-pressure thrust, thereby improving the response speed and energy transfer efficiency of the system.

[0121] The low-pressure accumulator 460 is disposed outside the flow distribution housing 410, and the low-pressure accumulator 460 is respectively connected to a plurality of low-pressure chambers and a variable pressure chamber, such as the first low-pressure chamber 521, the second low-pressure chamber 522, the third low-pressure chamber 523, and the fourth low-pressure chamber 524. When the impact piston 420 returns or pressure relief is required, the low-pressure accumulator 460 can absorb excess hydraulic oil, maintain system pressure stability, and reduce energy loss.

[0122] Specifically, the distribution housing 410 is provided with a first installation position 415 for assembling the high-pressure accumulator 450 and a second installation position 416 for assembling the low-pressure accumulator 460 .

[0123] Optionally, the first mounting position 415 and the second mounting position 416 are respectively arranged on different sides of the distribution housing 410. In this way, the layout of the entire hydraulic impactor can be optimized according to the use requirements to make it more compact and reasonable. In addition, the high-pressure accumulator 450 and the low-pressure accumulator 460 are respectively installed on different sides of the distribution housing 410, which can also facilitate the maintenance and maintenance of the system. When the accumulator needs to be replaced or repaired, it can be easily disassembled and installed. For example, the accumulator can be charged with nitrogen and the accumulator diaphragm can be replaced without disassembling the entire machine, thereby improving the convenience of maintenance.

[0124] Optionally, both the high-pressure accumulator 450 and the low-pressure accumulator 460 can be detachably arranged on the distribution housing 410. Exemplarily, the high-pressure accumulator 450 and the low-pressure accumulator 460 can be connected to the distribution housing 410 by bolt connection or pipe joint connection, etc., which can be selected according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0125] Optionally, a seal may be provided on the first installation position 415 and the second installation position 416 respectively, and the seal is used to fill the gap between the installation position and the accumulator to ensure the installation stability of the accumulator.

[0126] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 5 The inner wall of the flow distribution housing 410 and the impact piston 420 define a lubrication chamber 480, which is located at the front side of the above-mentioned multiple oil chambers (such as the above-mentioned high-pressure chamber, low-pressure chamber, and variable-pressure chamber). It should be noted that the front side or the rear side refers to the movement direction of the impact piston 420. The acceleration direction of the impact piston 420 is the front side, and the braking direction of the impact piston 420 is the rear side.

[0127] The lubrication cavity 480 is filled with lubrication oil, which reduces the friction and wear between the impact piston 420 and the distribution housing 410 and improves the operating efficiency and stability of the system.

[0128] Optionally, the lubrication chamber 480 may be connected to lubrication oil gas with a preset flow rate, and the lubrication oil gas oil circuit may be connected to the outside of the hydraulic impactor and discharge the lubrication oil gas at a preset flow rate.

[0129] Optionally, a hydraulic stop piston 417 is also designed inside the flow distribution housing 410, which is suitable for controlling the flow and pressure of hydraulic oil. The hydraulic stop piston 417 can absorb the rebound energy of the drill rod 100, protect the internal parts of the impactor, and can also provide thrust to keep the drill tail stop sleeve in contact with the drill rod 100 at all times, or slow down the movement speed of the impact piston 420. The lubrication cavity 480 may include a first lubrication portion 481 and a second lubrication portion 482 that are interconnected, wherein the first lubrication portion 481 is provided with a preset length in the axial direction, the first lubrication portion 481 is located between the hydraulic stop piston 417 and the impact piston 420, and the second lubrication portion 482 is provided at the rear end of the hydraulic stop piston 417 in the axial direction.

[0130] In this way, the first lubrication portion 481 can ensure that when the hydraulic stop piston 417 and the impact piston 420 move relative to each other, the two can be lubricated to reduce friction and wear. The second lubrication portion 482 can provide lubrication for the impact piston 420 and can also provide lubrication at the rear end of the hydraulic stop piston 417 to further reduce friction and wear and improve overall operation stability.

[0131] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 5 The inner wall of the distribution housing 410 and the impact piston 420 also define an anti-leakage chamber 470 together. The anti-leakage chamber 470 is arranged on the front side of the multiple oil chambers. The anti-leakage chamber 470 is also arranged on the rear side of the lubrication chamber 480, that is, the anti-leakage chamber 470 is in the transition area between the lubrication chamber 480 and the oil chamber.

[0132] The anti-leakage chamber 470 is mainly used to prevent the high-pressure hydraulic oil from leaking from the gap between the impact piston 420 and the distribution housing 410 into the lubrication chamber 480 during the movement of the impact piston 420, thereby ensuring the sealing of the hydraulic oil, preventing the loss of hydraulic oil, and maintaining the pressure stability of the system.

[0133] Optionally, one or more seals are respectively provided on both sides of the anti-leakage cavity 470 along the axial direction, wherein the seal on the side close to the lubrication cavity 480 is used to further improve the sealing performance of the hydraulic oil, and the seal on the side close to the oil cavity is used to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic oil.

[0134] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 6 The front guide module 200 includes a guide housing 210 and a dust cover 220 .

[0135] Among them, the guide shell 210 is fixedly connected to the gear box module 300, and optionally, the guide shell 210 and the gear box module 300 are detachably connected. The guide shell 210 defines a guide movable cavity adapted to the drill rod 100, and the guide movable cavity allows the drill rod 100 to perform smooth reciprocating motion during the excavation process while maintaining a preset motion trajectory.

[0136] The side wall of the guide housing 210 is provided with an observation hole 212 and a flushing channel 213 . The flushing channel 213 is used to spray flushing water to the crushing surface, and the observation hole 212 is used to observe the working status of the components inside the guide housing 210 .

[0137] The flushing channel 213 is provided to improve the rock breaking efficiency and keep the bottom of the borehole clean. The flushing force can spray flushing water to the bottom of the borehole to help remove obstacles such as soil and stones, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the drilling operation. Specifically, the flushing channel 213 is also provided with an access port, which is provided on the shell. The water pipe is connected to the flushing channel 213 through the access port to flush the rock slag and cuttings in the rock breaking process.

[0138] Optionally, a seal is provided at the port (such as an inlet or outlet) of the flushing channel 213, which is suitable for sealing the flushing channel 213. When the seal is broken and fails or the flushing channel 213 is damaged, the flushing water will be poured into the guide housing 210 and flow out from the observation hole 212. Therefore, the observation hole 212 can be used to observe whether the flushing channel 213 is leaking and to perform timely maintenance.

[0139] In addition, the observation hole 212 is also suitable for monitoring the working conditions of the components inside the guide housing 210, such as the wear of the drill rod 100, whether there is foreign matter entering, etc., providing an intuitive monitoring window for operators to facilitate timely discovery and resolution of problems.

[0140] Optional, combined Figure 5 and Figure 6 The lubricating oil gas oil path connected to the lubricating chamber 480 can be connected to the outside of the hydraulic impactor through the observation hole 212 to discharge the lubricating oil gas at a preset flow rate.

[0141] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 6 The dust cover 220 is arranged at the front end of the guide active cavity, that is, the part where the drill rod 100 directly contacts the excavation surface. The dust cover 220 is used to prevent dust and debris generated during the excavation process from entering the guide active cavity, thereby protecting the internal components of the front guide module 200 from wear and damage. In addition, the dust cover 220 can also reduce noise and vibration to a certain extent, thereby improving the overall performance and service life of the equipment.

[0142] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 7 The gearbox module 300 is responsible for transmitting power, changing rotation speed and torque, and driving the drill rod 100 to perform drilling operations. Specifically, the gearbox module 300 includes a box body 310, a driving assembly 320 and a mounting structure 330.

[0143] The housing 310 is connected to the front guide module 200 and the distribution housing 410 respectively, thus ensuring the modular integration of the gearbox module 300 and the entire rock breaking system, so that the power is smoothly transmitted to the drill rod 100, and the stability and reliability of the system are maintained. Optionally, the housing 310 may contain components such as gears, bearings, and oil seals to provide a lubrication and cooling system.

[0144] The driving assembly 320 is disposed in the box body 310 and is in transmission connection with the drill rod 100. The driving assembly 320 is responsible for providing the required rotational motion of the drill rod 100, thereby providing a rotary power for the impactor.

[0145] Optionally, the drive assembly 320 may include transmission components such as gears, shafts, bearings, and power sources such as hydraulic motors or electric motors, and the components cooperate and operate to achieve rotary impact rock breaking operations. Optionally, the power source such as the hydraulic motor may be mounted on the box 310 by bolts.

[0146] The mounting structure 330 is used to connect with the arm 11 of the trolley 10, and is a connecting bridge between the gearbox module 300 and the arm 11 of the trolley 10, ensuring a stable connection between the gearbox module 300 and the arm 11 of the trolley 10, so as to prevent shaking or falling off during the excavation process. Optionally, the mounting structure 330 may include a limiting hole 311 and a bolt member for connecting the box body 310 and the arm 11.

[0147] In this way, the gearbox module 300 realizes the transmission of power, the change of rotation speed and torque, and the driving of the drill rod 100 through the coordinated action of the box body 310, the drive assembly 320 and the mounting structure 330, thereby ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the drilling and excavation operation of the rock breaking equipment and improving the reliability and durability of the equipment.

[0148] Optionally, limiting holes 311 for connecting the boom 11 are symmetrically provided on two symmetrical side walls of the box body 310, so as to facilitate connecting the hydraulic impactor as a whole to the boom 11 of the trolley 10 through the gear box module 300. Compared with the traditional impactor customized for the left and right booms 11, the symmetrically arranged limiting holes 311 of the present application realize the interchangeability of the hydraulic impactor on the left and right booms 11 of the trolley 10, and realize the installation of the hydraulic impactor flipped 180°. During actual use, the installation method of the gear box housing and the impact distribution housing 410 can be adjusted according to the boom 11 on which the impactor is installed, thereby satisfying the installation adaptability and interchangeability of the hydraulic impactor on the left and right booms 11 of the trolley 10.

[0149] In addition, when the hydraulic impactor provided in the present application needs maintenance, after the front guide module 200, the tail plate 412, and the gear box module 300 are disassembled, the internal components of the impactor can be taken out one by one for maintenance, which is convenient and easy to maintain.

[0150] On the other hand, combined Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 The present application also provides a rock breaking device, which can be a mining rock breaking device, a tunnel rock breaking device, an underground engineering rock breaking device, etc.

[0151] The rock breaking device may include a trolley 10 and a hydraulic impactor in any of the above embodiments. The trolley 10 in the rock breaking device serves as a mobile and supporting platform to transport the hydraulic impactor to a designated working position and maintain its stability during operation. The trolley 10 has an arm 11, and the hydraulic impactor is fixed to the arm 11.

[0152] Optionally, the rock breaking equipment can be equipped with different drill rods 100 and tools to adapt to digging objects of different materials and hardness. Optionally, the rock breaking equipment can also be integrated with an intelligent control system to achieve remote monitoring and automated operation. Optionally, the rock breaking equipment can also be equipped with auxiliary equipment such as a flushing system, a dust removal system, etc. to improve the cleanliness and safety of the working environment.

[0153] The rock breaking equipment provided in the present application integrates the trolley 10 and the advanced hydraulic impactor in any of the above-mentioned embodiments to form an efficient and reliable rock breaking system. By setting the hydraulic impactor in the above-mentioned embodiments, the optimized distribution housing 410, the front guide module 200 and the gear box module 300 are integrated into a design, which not only improves the rock breaking efficiency, but also enhances the reliability and durability of the rock breaking equipment.

[0154] It should be noted that the embodiments represented by "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. mentioned in the specification may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments that are explicitly or not explicitly described.

[0155] In general, terms should be understood, at least in part, by the context in which they are used. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending, at least in part, on the context. Similarly, terms such as "a," "an," or "the" may also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending, at least in part, on the context.

[0156] It should be easily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in the present disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on something,” but also includes the meaning of “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” not only includes the meaning of “above” or “over,” but also may include the meaning of “above” or “over something” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0157] In addition, spatially relative terms, such as "below," "below," "beneath," "above," "above," etc., may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may likewise be interpreted accordingly.

[0158] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic impactor, characterized in that: include: A drill rod (100) is used to drill holes in the broken surface to break the rock; A front guide module (200), the drill rod (100) is inserted into the front guide module (200), and the front guide module (200) is used to guide the drill rod (100); A gear box module (300) is arranged at the rear side of the front guide module (200) and connected to the front guide module (200), and the gear box module (300) is used to drive the drill rod (100) to rotate; The impact flow distribution module (400) is arranged at the rear side of the gear box module (300) and connected to the gear box module (300), and the impact flow distribution module (400) comprises: The distribution housing (410) is provided with an oil inlet flow channel (410a) and an oil return flow channel (410b), the oil inlet flow channel (410a) and the oil return flow channel (410b) are both connected to an external oil supply device, and the inner wall of the distribution housing (410) is provided with a plurality of oil chambers, the oil chambers are connected to the oil inlet flow channel (410a) and the oil return flow channel (410b); An impact piston (420) is drivingly connected to the drill rod (100) to drive the drill rod (100) to move, and the impact distribution module (400) is configured to drive the impact piston (420) to move by adjusting the oil pressure in the plurality of oil chambers; A flow distribution member (430) is disposed at the rear side of the impact piston (420) and is drivingly connected to the impact piston (420) to adjust the pressure state of the plurality of oil chambers; The surface of the impact piston (420) is provided with a shoulder structure (440), wherein part of the shoulder structure (440) has a first action surface axially facing the drill rod (100), and part of the shoulder structure (440) has a second action surface axially facing away from the drill rod (100), and the first action surface and the second action surface both constitute hydraulic action surfaces, and the hydraulic action surfaces are located in the corresponding oil chamber.

2. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact piston (420) has a first stroke along the axial direction, and the distribution piece (430) has a second stroke along the axial direction, wherein the second stroke is smaller than the first stroke.

3. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil chamber comprises: a first high-pressure chamber (511) and a first low-pressure chamber (521), The first high-pressure chamber (511) and the first low-pressure chamber (521) are located in a region corresponding to a first stroke of the flow distribution member (430). A connecting flow channel is provided on the surface of the flow distribution member (430), and when the flow distribution member (430) moves, the on-off state of the first high-pressure chamber (511) and the first low-pressure chamber (521) is adjusted by adjusting the position of the connecting flow channel.

4. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow distribution housing (410) comprises: A main housing (411) having a first port and a second port along the axial direction, wherein the first port is connected to the gearbox module (300); a tail plate (412) for sealing the second port; a valve cover (413) disposed between the tail plate (412) and the flow distribution member (430); a second high-pressure chamber (512) is defined between the valve cover (413) and the tail plate (412); a first variable-pressure chamber (531) is defined between the valve cover (413) and the flow distribution member (430); the first variable-pressure chamber (531) is communicated with at least one of the first high-pressure chamber (511) and the first low-pressure chamber (521); a second low-pressure chamber (522) and a second variable-pressure chamber (532) are also defined between the valve cover (413) and the main housing (411); the first variable-pressure chamber (531) is communicated with the second variable-pressure chamber (532); A push rod (414) is inserted through the valve cover (413), the push rod (414) is connected to the flow distribution member (430), and a third low-pressure chamber (523) is defined between the valve cover (413) and the push rod (414).

5. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil chamber further comprises: a third high-pressure chamber (513), a fourth low-pressure chamber (524) and a third variable-pressure chamber (533); a variable-pressure throttling protrusion (600) is provided between the fourth low-pressure chamber (524) and the third variable-pressure chamber (533); the variable-pressure throttling protrusion (600) extends into a groove between two adjacent shoulder structures (440); the variable-pressure throttling protrusion (600) and the two shoulder structures (440) are detachably matched to adjust the flow of oil between the fourth low-pressure chamber (524) and the third variable-pressure chamber (533); The third pressure-transforming chamber (533) is connected to the first pressure-transforming chamber (531) and the second pressure-transforming chamber (532).

6. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The impact flow distribution module (400) further includes: A high-pressure accumulator (450) is arranged outside the flow distribution housing (410) and is respectively connected to the plurality of high-pressure chambers; The low-pressure accumulator (460) is arranged outside the flow distribution housing (410) and is respectively connected to the plurality of low-pressure chambers and the pressure-changing chamber.

7. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the distribution housing (410) and the impact piston (420) also define a lubrication chamber (480), and the lubrication chamber (480) is located at the front side of the plurality of oil chambers; and / or, The inner wall of the distribution housing (410) and the impact piston (420) also define an anti-leakage chamber (470) together. The anti-leakage chamber (470) is arranged on the front side of the plurality of oil chambers.

8. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front guide module (200) comprises: A guide housing (210) is fixedly connected to the gear box module (300), the guide housing (210) defines a guide activity cavity adapted to the drill rod (100), and a side wall of the guide housing (210) is provided with an observation hole (212) and a flushing channel (213), the flushing channel (213) is used to spray flushing water onto the crushing surface, and the observation hole (212) is used to observe the working status of the components inside the guide housing (210); A dust cover (220) is arranged at the front end of the guide movable cavity.

9. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gearbox module (300) comprises: A box body (310) is connected to the front guide module (200) and the flow distribution housing (410) respectively; A driving assembly (320) is disposed in the box (310) and is drivingly connected to the drill rod (100); The mounting structure (330) is used to be connected to the arm support (11) of the trolley (10).

10. A rock breaking device, characterized in that: include: A trolley (10) having an arm (11); The hydraulic impactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hydraulic impactor is fixed to the boom (11).

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