Power generation system utilizing dead steam hot air cooling temperature difference

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a power generation system utilizing dead steam hot air cooling temperature difference, which comprises a low-pressure air cylinder, a hot end heat exchanger connected with the low-pressure air cylinder, a condenser connected with the hot end heat exchanger, a water feeding pump connected with the condenser, and a cold end heat exchanger connected with the water feeding pump, the thermoelectric power generation module is connected with the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger, and the hot-end heat exchanger is used for receiving the dead steam transmitted by the low-pressure air cylinder and transmitting first heat of the dead steam to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module; the condenser is used for receiving the dead steam transmitted by the hot end heat exchanger and converting the dead steam into condensate water; the water feeding pump is used for obtaining condensate water and transmitting the condensate water to the cold end heat exchanger; the cold end heat exchanger is used for receiving condensate water and transmitting second heat of the condensate water to the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module; the thermoelectric power generation module is used for generating direct current according to the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power generation, and in particular to a power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat and air cooling. Background Art

[0002] In the context of pursuing low-carbon environmental protection and efficient energy utilization, heat recovery technology has received extensive attention and application in many fields such as electricity, chemical industry, and construction. However, existing heat recovery solutions, such as absorption heat pumps and electric heat pumps, can recover and utilize waste heat to a certain extent, but they have significant limitations and challenges in actual operation.

[0003] As traditional heat recovery technologies, absorption heat pumps and electric heat pumps usually require external power input to drive their operation, which not only increases energy consumption, but also has inherent deficiencies in comprehensive energy utilization efficiency. In addition, the operation of these heat pump technologies relies on complex control systems to ensure accurate heat recovery and distribution. This not only increases the initial investment cost of the system, but also increases the difficulty of operation and maintenance, especially for non-professional operators, as complex control logic may lead to inefficient systems or frequent failures.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing heat pump exhaust steam recovery technology has a relatively narrow range of applicable operating conditions, and often only shows good heat recovery performance in specific seasons or operating conditions, such as being mostly limited to the winter heating season. In non-heating seasons, such as spring, summer, and autumn, these heat pump devices may not be able to fully utilize their heat recovery capabilities, resulting in a significant reduction in energy recovery efficiency.

[0005] With respect to the problem of low resource utilization in the prior art, no effective solution has been proposed yet.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the related technology to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the related technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiment of the present application provides a power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat and air cooling, so as to at least solve the problem of low resource utilization in the prior art.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present application, a power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam thermal air cooling is provided, comprising: a low-pressure cylinder, a hot-end heat exchanger connected to the low-pressure cylinder, a condenser connected to the hot-end heat exchanger, a feedwater pump connected to the condenser, a cold-end heat exchanger connected to the feedwater pump, and a temperature difference power generation module connected to the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger, wherein the hot-end heat exchanger is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the low-pressure cylinder and transmit the first heat of the exhaust steam to the hot end of the temperature difference power generation module; the condenser is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot-end heat exchanger and convert the exhaust steam into condensed water; the feedwater pump is used to obtain the condensed water and transmit the condensed water to the cold-end heat exchanger; the cold-end heat exchanger is used to receive the condensed water and transmit the second heat of the condensed water to the cold end of the temperature difference power generation module; the temperature difference power generation module is used to generate direct current according to the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam hot air cooling also includes: a DC to AC conversion module connected to the temperature difference power generation module, and a transformer connected to the DC to AC conversion module, wherein the DC to AC conversion module is used to convert the DC power into AC power; and the transformer is used to convert the AC power into a preset AC power.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a heating auxiliary heat exchanger connected to the hot-end heat exchanger, and a first heat network heat exchanger connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, wherein the heating auxiliary heat exchanger is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot-end heat exchanger, and heat the fluid in the heating auxiliary heat exchanger based on the exhaust steam, and transmit the heated fluid to the primary heat network heat exchanger, and transmit the exhaust steam to the condenser, wherein the hot-end heat exchanger is connected to the condenser through the heating auxiliary heat exchanger; the primary heat network heat exchanger is used to heat the return water of the supply system based on the heated fluid.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a first valve and a second valve, wherein one end of the first valve is connected to the hot end heat exchanger, and the other end of the first valve is connected to the condenser; one end of the second valve is connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and the other end of the second valve is connected to the condenser; when heating is required for the user end, the first valve is at a first opening, and the second valve is at a second opening, wherein the first opening is smaller than the second opening; when heating is not required for the user end, the first valve is at a third opening, and the second valve is at a fourth opening, wherein the third opening is larger than the fourth opening.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a circulating pump, wherein one end of the circulating pump is connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and the other end of the circulating pump is connected to the primary heat network heat exchanger, and the circulating pump is used to receive the heated fluid and transfer the heated fluid to the primary heat network heat exchanger.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further includes: an air cooler connected to the feed water pump; the air cooler is used to receive condensed water transmitted by the feed water pump, cool the condensed water, and transmit the cooled condensed water to the cold end heat exchanger.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat and air cooling further includes: a third valve and a fourth valve, wherein one end of the third valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the third valve is connected to the cold end heat exchanger, the first end of the fourth valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the fourth valve is connected to the air cooler, and when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the temperature of the condensed water, the third valve is at a fifth opening degree, and the fourth valve is at a sixth opening degree, wherein the fifth opening degree is less than the sixth opening degree; when the ambient temperature is greater than the temperature of the condensed water, the third valve is at a seventh opening degree, and the fourth valve is at an eighth opening degree, wherein the seventh opening degree is greater than the eighth opening degree.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a fifth valve and a sixth valve, wherein one end of the fifth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder, and the other end of the fifth valve is connected to the hot-end heat exchanger; one end of the sixth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder, and the other end of the sixth valve is connected to the condenser; the opening of the fifth valve and the opening of the sixth valve are determined according to the working power of the hot-end heat exchanger.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a seventh valve and an eighth valve, wherein one end of the seventh valve is connected to the economizer, and the other end of the seventh valve is connected to the cold-end heat exchanger; one end of the eighth valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the eighth valve is connected to the economizer; the opening of the seventh valve is determined according to the operating power of the cold-end heat exchanger.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the temperature difference power generation module includes one of the following: a solid temperature difference power generation module, an aqueous solution temperature difference power generation module, and a hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module.

[0018] The power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling of the present application comprises a low-pressure cylinder, a hot-end heat exchanger connected to the low-pressure cylinder, a condenser connected to the hot-end heat exchanger, a feed water pump connected to the condenser, a cold-end heat exchanger connected to the feed water pump, and a temperature difference power generation module connected to the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger, wherein the hot-end heat exchanger is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the low-pressure cylinder and transmit the first heat of the exhaust steam to the hot end of the temperature difference power generation module; the condenser is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot-end heat exchanger and convert the exhaust steam into condensed water; the feed water pump , used to obtain the condensed water and transfer the condensed water to the cold-end heat exchanger; the cold-end heat exchanger is used to receive the condensed water and transfer the second heat of the condensed water to the cold end of the temperature difference power generation module; the temperature difference power generation module is used to generate direct current according to the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, by introducing the temperature difference power generation module, the effective recovery and conversion of the exhaust steam heat energy of the low-pressure cylinder is achieved, and at the same time, the working process of the condenser and the feed water pump is optimized, the waste of energy is reduced, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources is improved. Therefore, the problem of low resource utilization can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system utilizing exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference according to an embodiment of the present application (I);

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat air cooling according to an embodiment of the present application (II);

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram (III) of a power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0026] In this embodiment, a power generation system utilizing the temperature difference between exhaust steam and air cooling is provided, which is applied to a thermal power plant. That is, the power generation system of the present application is a power generation system utilizing the temperature difference between exhaust steam and air cooling in a thermal power plant. Figure 2 is a flow chart of a power generation system utilizing exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0027] A low-pressure cylinder 12, a hot-end heat exchanger 14 connected to the low-pressure cylinder 12, a condenser 16 connected to the hot-end heat exchanger 14, a feedwater pump 20 connected to the condenser 16, a cold-end heat exchanger 22 connected to the feedwater pump 20, and a temperature difference power generation module 18 connected to the cold-end heat exchanger 22 and the hot-end heat exchanger 14, wherein:

[0028] The hot end heat exchanger 14 is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the low-pressure cylinder 12 and transmit the first heat of the exhaust steam to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module 18;

[0029] The condenser 16 is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot end heat exchanger 14 and convert the exhaust steam into condensed water;

[0030] The water supply pump 20 is used to obtain the condensed water and transmit the condensed water to the cold end heat exchanger 22;

[0031] The cold end heat exchanger 22 is used to receive the condensed water and transfer the second heat of the condensed water to the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 18;

[0032] The temperature difference power generation module 18 is used to generate direct current according to the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end.

[0033] It should be noted that the hot end heat exchanger is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module by direct contact connection. The cold end heat exchanger is connected to the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module by direct contact connection.

[0034] Figure 1 The low-pressure cylinder 12, the hot end heat exchanger 14, the condenser 16, the feed water pump 20, the cold end heat exchanger 22, and the temperature difference power generation module 18 correspond to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The low-pressure cylinder, hot-end heat exchanger, condenser, feed water pump, cold-end heat exchanger, and temperature difference power generation module.

[0035] Through the above-mentioned power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling, a low-pressure cylinder, a hot-end heat exchanger connected to the low-pressure cylinder, a condenser connected to the hot-end heat exchanger, a feed water pump connected to the condenser, a cold-end heat exchanger connected to the feed water pump, and a temperature difference power generation module connected to the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger, wherein the hot-end heat exchanger is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the low-pressure cylinder and transmit the first heat of the exhaust steam to the hot end of the temperature difference power generation module; the condenser is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot-end heat exchanger and convert the exhaust steam into condensed water; the feed water pump, Used to obtain the condensed water and transfer the condensed water to the cold end heat exchanger; the cold end heat exchanger is used to receive the condensed water and transfer the second heat of the condensed water to the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module; the thermoelectric power generation module is used to generate direct current according to the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, by introducing the thermoelectric power generation module, the effective recovery and conversion of the exhaust steam heat energy of the low-pressure cylinder is achieved, and at the same time, the working process of the condenser and the feed water pump is optimized, the waste of energy is reduced, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources is improved. Therefore, the problem of low resource utilization can be solved.

[0036] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam hot air cooling also includes: a DC to AC conversion module connected to the temperature difference power generation module, and a transformer connected to the DC to AC conversion module, wherein the DC to AC conversion module is used to convert the DC power into AC power; and the transformer is used to convert the AC power into a preset AC power.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present application, a method is defined in which the direct current generated by the temperature difference power generation module is adapted and integrated into the existing power system or meets specific power demand.

[0038] The power generated by the thermoelectric power generation module is in the form of direct current, while most power grids and power user equipment are designed to use alternating current. The function of the direct current to alternating current conversion module (DC / AC converter) is to convert the direct current generated by the thermoelectric power generation module into alternating current, a process called inversion. The direct current to alternating current conversion module can change the voltage, current and frequency characteristics of direct current and convert it into an alternating current form that matches the power grid or specific equipment.

[0039] The alternating current converted by the DC / AC conversion module is further sent to the transformer. The function of the transformer is to change the voltage level of the alternating current according to demand, for example, from a lower voltage to a high voltage suitable for long-distance transmission, or from a high voltage to a voltage suitable for home and industrial equipment. Through the voltage conversion of the transformer, the loss of electricity during transmission can be reduced (because the loss of high-voltage electricity transmission is smaller than that of low-voltage electricity), while also ensuring that electricity can be safely distributed to various electricity users, such as homes, industrial facilities and commercial buildings. In addition, the transformer can also regulate the power quality in the power system to ensure that the output AC frequency is stable and meets the operating standards of the power system.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, by integrating the DC / AC conversion module and the transformer, the power generation system using the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat air cooling can efficiently convert the electric energy generated by the temperature difference power generation module into a form of electricity suitable for the power grid and end users. It not only improves the efficiency of power conversion and transmission, reduces the energy loss during the conversion and transmission process, but also enhances the compatibility of the power generation system using the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat air cooling with the existing power infrastructure, so that the temperature difference power generation technology can be more widely used in the power system, thereby improving the flexibility and resource utilization of the entire energy utilization system.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a heating auxiliary heat exchanger connected to the hot-end heat exchanger, and a first heat network heat exchanger connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, wherein the heating auxiliary heat exchanger is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot-end heat exchanger, and heat the fluid in the heating auxiliary heat exchanger based on the exhaust steam, and transmit the heated fluid to the primary heat network heat exchanger, and transmit the exhaust steam to the condenser, wherein the hot-end heat exchanger is connected to the condenser through the heating auxiliary heat exchanger; the primary heat network heat exchanger is used to heat the return water of the supply system based on the heated fluid.

[0042] The heating auxiliary heat exchanger receives the exhaust steam from the hot end heat exchanger. The exhaust steam has released part of its heat energy in the temperature difference power generation module for power generation. After passing through the hot end heat exchanger, the temperature of the exhaust steam has dropped, but it still carries enough heat energy to be further utilized. The heating auxiliary heat exchanger uses this remaining heat energy to heat the fluid (usually water) in it, converting the heat of the exhaust steam into heat energy that can be used for heating. The heated fluid is transmitted to the primary heat network heat exchanger for use in urban or industrial heating systems.

[0043] The primary heat network heat exchanger receives the heating fluid from the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and further transfers the heat of this fluid to the return water of the heating system, thereby raising the temperature of the return water for heating. In the non-heating season, or when the heating auxiliary heat exchanger is insufficient to meet the heating demand, the exhaust steam can be directly returned to the condenser without passing through the heating auxiliary heat exchanger to maintain the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0044] By integrating a heating auxiliary heat exchanger and a primary heat network heat exchanger in a power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling, a cascade utilization of exhaust steam thermal energy is achieved. First, the high-temperature section energy of the exhaust steam is used for temperature difference power generation to generate electricity; then, the medium-temperature section energy of the exhaust steam is utilized through the heating auxiliary heat exchanger to heat the fluid, and then the return water of the heating system is heated through the primary heat network heat exchanger to provide thermal energy. The embodiment of the present application maximizes the recovery and utilization of thermal energy in the system, reduces energy waste, and significantly improves the energy utilization efficiency and economic benefits of the entire system.

[0045] The above-mentioned heating auxiliary heat exchanger and the first heat network heat exchanger correspond to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The heating auxiliary heat exchanger and the first heat network heat exchanger.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a first valve and a second valve, wherein one end of the first valve is connected to the hot end heat exchanger, and the other end of the first valve is connected to the condenser; one end of the second valve is connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and the other end of the second valve is connected to the condenser; when heating is required for the user end, the first valve is at a first opening, and the second valve is at a second opening, wherein the first opening is smaller than the second opening; when heating is not required for the user end, the first valve is at a third opening, and the second valve is at a fourth opening, wherein the third opening is larger than the fourth opening.

[0047] One end of the first valve is connected to the hot end heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to the condenser. When it is necessary to supply heat to the user end, the first valve is adjusted to the first opening, which is usually a smaller opening. This means that after the exhaust steam releases heat for power generation through the hot end heat exchanger, part or all of the exhaust steam enters the heating auxiliary heat exchanger through the first valve for further use of its residual heat energy for heating. When it is not necessary to supply heat to the user end, the first valve is adjusted to the third opening, which is a larger opening. This allows the exhaust steam to flow back to the condenser more smoothly and quickly convert into condensed water to ensure the stable operation and maximum efficiency of the power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat and air cooling.

[0048] One end of the second valve is connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and the other end is also connected to the condenser. When heating is required for the user end, the second valve is in the second opening, which is usually larger than the opening of the first valve. In this way, the exhaust steam releases more heat in the heating auxiliary heat exchanger to heat the fluid, and the fluid then passes through the primary heat network heat exchanger to heat the return water of the heating system and provide heat energy to the user. When heating is not required for the user end, the second valve is adjusted to the fourth opening, which is smaller and can even be closed. This ensures that almost all the exhaust steam flows back to the condenser, converted into condensed water, and then pumped back to the system by the feedwater pump for recycling, mainly used for power generation rather than heating.

[0049] By flexibly adjusting the opening of the first valve and the second valve, the system can intelligently control the flow of exhaust steam and condensed water according to actual needs (such as whether heating is needed and the amount of heating demand). In the heating season, the valve setting can ensure that more heat energy is used for heating rather than just power generation; in the non-heating season, the valve setting can optimize power generation efficiency and reduce energy waste. This design not only improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system, but also enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the system, and can better meet the changing energy needs.

[0050] It should be noted that the first valve corresponds to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second valve corresponds to valve 1 in Figure 2 and Figure 3 Valve 2 in.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a circulating pump, wherein one end of the circulating pump is connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and the other end of the circulating pump is connected to the primary heat network heat exchanger, and the circulating pump is used to receive the heated fluid and transfer the heated fluid to the primary heat network heat exchanger.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, one end of the circulation pump is connected to the auxiliary heat exchanger for heating, and the other end is connected to the primary heat network heat exchanger. The circulation pump is used to receive the fluid that has been heated by the exhaust steam from the auxiliary heat exchanger for heating, and transmit the heated fluid to the primary heat network heat exchanger. In the primary heat network heat exchanger, the heated fluid further transfers heat to the return water of the heating system, raising its temperature, thereby providing heat energy to the user end.

[0053] The introduction of the circulation pump ensures the efficient circulation of fluid between the power generation system and the heating system that utilizes the temperature difference between the exhaust steam heat and air cooling. It not only promotes the continuous transfer of thermal energy, but also ensures the stable operation of the power generation system and the heating system that utilizes the temperature difference between the exhaust steam heat and air cooling. The continuous operation of the circulation pump can maintain the fluid transmission between the heating auxiliary heat exchanger and the primary heat network heat exchanger, prevent the fluid from stagnating in the system, thereby avoiding heat loss and system efficiency reduction.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further includes: an air cooler connected to the feed water pump; the air cooler is used to receive condensed water transmitted by the feed water pump, cool the condensed water, and transmit the cooled condensed water to the cold end heat exchanger.

[0055] The air cooler in the embodiment of the present application is used in a power generation system that uses the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat air cooling to further reduce the temperature of condensed water, thereby increasing the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end of the temperature difference power generation module and improving the power generation efficiency. Specifically:

[0056] The air cooler is connected to the feed water pump, and its function is to receive the condensed water transmitted by the feed water pump and perform secondary cooling on the condensed water by natural wind or forced ventilation. Although the condensed water has been cooled by the condenser, in order to maximize the efficiency of the power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference of the exhaust steam heat air cooling, especially when the ambient temperature is lower than the feed water temperature by a certain value, the air cooler can reduce the temperature of the condensed water to a lower level through additional cooling, thereby creating a larger temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module.

[0057] The performance of the thermoelectric power generation module is directly affected by the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end. The lower the temperature of the cold end, the greater the temperature difference with the hot end, and the higher the power generation efficiency. Therefore, the cooling effect of the air cooler on the condensed water is directly related to the overall energy conversion efficiency of the power generation system using the exhaust steam heat air cooling temperature difference. In cold seasons or low ambient temperature conditions, the use of air coolers can significantly increase the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module, thereby increasing the economic benefits of the power generation system using the exhaust steam heat air cooling temperature difference in the whole year.

[0058] The above air cooler can be understood as Figure 3 The air cooler in.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat and air cooling further includes: a third valve and a fourth valve, wherein one end of the third valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the third valve is connected to the cold end heat exchanger, the first end of the fourth valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the fourth valve is connected to the air cooler, and when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the temperature of the condensed water, the third valve is at a fifth opening degree, and the fourth valve is at a sixth opening degree, wherein the fifth opening degree is less than the sixth opening degree; when the ambient temperature is greater than the temperature of the condensed water, the third valve is at a seventh opening degree, and the fourth valve is at an eighth opening degree, wherein the seventh opening degree is greater than the eighth opening degree.

[0060] One end of the third valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end is connected to the cold end heat exchanger, thereby controlling whether the condensed water at the outlet of the feed water pump directly enters the cold end heat exchanger.

[0061] One end of the fourth valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end is connected to the air cooler, thereby controlling whether the condensed water at the outlet of the feed water pump enters the air cooler for additional cooling.

[0062] When the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the condensed water temperature, the ambient temperature is low and the condensed water temperature is relatively high. In order to further reduce the temperature of the condensed water and increase the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module, the fourth valve is opened more widely so that more condensed water can be cooled by the air cooler. The third valve is opened less widely to reduce the condensed water flow directly entering the cold end heat exchanger, thereby ensuring that the condensed water in the cold end heat exchanger has a lower temperature and improving the power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric power generation module.

[0063] When the ambient temperature is higher than the condensed water temperature, the ambient temperature is high and the condensed water temperature is relatively low. Since the cooling effect of the air cooler is limited in a high temperature environment, the fourth valve is opened at a small degree or may even be closed, reducing the flow of condensed water through the air cooler. The third valve is opened at a large degree, allowing more condensed water to directly enter the cold end heat exchanger, utilizing its existing cooling capacity. This ensures that the temperature of the condensed water in the cold end heat exchanger can still meet the requirements of the temperature difference power generation module and maintain a high power generation efficiency.

[0064] Through the intelligent adjustment of the third valve and the fourth valve, the system can maximize the cooling capacity of the condensed water under different ambient temperature conditions, increase the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end, and thus improve the power generation efficiency of the temperature difference power generation module.

[0065] It should be noted that the system can monitor the ambient temperature and the temperature of the condensed water through the temperature sensor and the control system, and automatically adjust the opening of the third valve and the fourth valve according to these data. This automatic control not only simplifies the operation, but also improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system.

[0066] It should be noted that the third valve and the fourth valve correspond to Figure 3 Valve 3 and valve 4 in.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a fifth valve and a sixth valve, wherein one end of the fifth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder, and the other end of the fifth valve is connected to the hot-end heat exchanger; one end of the sixth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder, and the other end of the sixth valve is connected to the condenser; the opening of the fifth valve and the opening of the sixth valve are determined according to the working power of the hot-end heat exchanger.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, one end of the fifth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder, and the other end is connected to the hot-end heat exchanger, which is used to control the flow of exhaust steam discharged from the low-pressure cylinder to the hot-end heat exchanger, where the exhaust steam releases heat for temperature difference power generation.

[0069] One end of the sixth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder and the other end is connected to the condenser. It is used to control the flow of exhaust steam directly returning to the condenser. The cooling medium in the condenser condenses the exhaust steam back into water, which is supplied to the water pump for recirculation.

[0070] The working power of the thermoelectric power generation module depends on the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end and the heat transferred. In order to optimize the system performance, it is necessary to adjust the opening of the fifth valve and the sixth valve according to the actual working power of the thermoelectric power generation module to control the exhaust steam flow entering the hot end heat exchanger and directly returning to the condenser.

[0071] When the working power of the thermoelectric power generation module is high, it means that more heat is needed to generate electricity. At this time, the system will automatically increase the opening of the fifth valve to allow more exhaust steam to enter the hot end heat exchanger and release its heat for thermoelectric power generation. At the same time, the opening of the sixth valve will be reduced to limit the flow of exhaust steam directly returning to the condenser, thereby ensuring that there is enough heat source in the hot end heat exchanger to maintain power generation efficiency.

[0072] On the contrary, when the operating power of the temperature difference power generation module is low, the system will reduce the opening of the fifth valve, reduce the amount of exhaust steam entering the hot end heat exchanger, and avoid excess heat; at the same time, increase the opening of the sixth valve, allowing more exhaust steam to directly enter the condenser for condensation, so as to maintain the stable operation of the system and avoid efficiency loss of the hot end heat exchanger due to excessive exhaust steam.

[0073] It should be noted that, for example, when the temperature difference power generation module needs to be repaired, the fifth valve is controlled to be closed and the sixth valve is opened.

[0074] The power generation system using the temperature difference of exhaust steam hot air cooling should be equipped with sensors and control systems to monitor the working status of the temperature difference power generation module, which can continuously monitor the working power of the module and automatically adjust the opening of the fifth valve and the sixth valve accordingly. This intelligent adjustment mechanism ensures that the system can dynamically adjust the distribution of exhaust steam according to the actual power generation demand, realize the efficient use of energy, and avoid additional pressure on other components of the system (such as condensers and feed water pumps), maintaining the overall balance and stability of the system.

[0075] Through the intelligent control of the fifth and sixth valves, the power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference between exhaust steam and hot air cooling can achieve cascade utilization of exhaust steam while maintaining efficient power generation. When a large amount of power generation is not required, more exhaust steam can be directly returned to the condenser to reduce energy waste; when the power generation demand is high, the exhaust steam mainly flows to the hot end heat exchanger for temperature difference power generation. This design not only improves the flexibility of the power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference between exhaust steam and hot air cooling, but also improves the efficiency of energy recovery and utilization through the intelligent distribution of exhaust steam.

[0076] It should be noted that the fifth valve and the sixth valve correspond to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Valve 5 and valve 6 in.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, the power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat-air cooling also includes: a seventh valve and an eighth valve, wherein one end of the seventh valve is connected to the economizer, and the other end of the seventh valve is connected to the cold-end heat exchanger; one end of the eighth valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the eighth valve is connected to the economizer; the opening of the seventh valve is determined according to the operating power of the cold-end heat exchanger.

[0078] One end of the seventh valve is connected to the economizer, and the other end is connected to the cold end heat exchanger. It is used to control the flow rate of the cooling medium (usually water) in the economizer to the cold end heat exchanger.

[0079] One end of the eighth valve is connected to the feedwater pump and the other end is connected to the economizer. It is used to control the path of the water output by the feedwater pump back to the economizer. This part of the water will first pass through the cold end heat exchanger and then return to the economizer for further recycling.

[0080] The operating power of the cold end heat exchanger is directly related to its ability to absorb heat. When the cold end heat exchanger needs more cooling medium to flow through to absorb more information, the system's control system will increase the opening of the seventh valve to allow more cooling medium to flow from the economizer into the cold end heat exchanger. This ensures that the cold end heat exchanger has sufficient cooling capacity when needed, thereby improving the power output efficiency of the thermoelectric power generation module.

[0081] On the contrary, when the working power of the cold end heat exchanger is low and a large amount of cooling medium is not required, the opening of the seventh valve will be reduced to limit the flow of the cooling medium and avoid unnecessary energy consumption and heat loss.

[0082] It should be noted that the seventh valve and the eighth valve correspond to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Valve 7 and valve 8 in.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment, the temperature difference power generation module includes one of the following: a solid temperature difference power generation module, an aqueous solution temperature difference power generation module, and a hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module.

[0084] Solid thermoelectric power generation module is based on the Seebeck effect, which uses the characteristics of solid thermoelectric materials to convert temperature difference into electrical energy. Thermoelectric materials are usually composed of two different semiconductor materials. When one end of the two materials is heated and the other end is cooled, an electric potential difference is generated inside them, thereby generating current.

[0085] The solid temperature difference power generation module has a compact structure, high reliability, long life, and does not require a complex fluid management system. Since it works in solid state conditions without moving parts, it has a long service life and low maintenance costs. In addition, this module responds quickly to temperature changes and can work in a wide temperature difference range. It is suitable for environments with small but stable temperature differences, such as the temperature difference between the working fluid after the feedwater pump and the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder. In a power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference of the exhaust steam hot air cooling, the solid temperature difference power generation module can effectively convert this part of the temperature difference into electrical energy while maintaining the efficient operation of the system.

[0086] The aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module utilizes the thermoelectric properties of a specific solution and converts the temperature difference into electrical energy by circulating between the hot end and the cold end. The aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module usually contains a heat exchange system in which the aqueous solution is heated at the hot end and cooled at the cold end, and current is generated through the thermoelectric effect in the process.

[0087] The aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module is able to operate under a large temperature difference and provide higher energy conversion efficiency. Due to the large heat capacity of the solution, the aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module has good stability in dealing with temperature fluctuations and can adapt to a wider range of environmental conditions. It is suitable for environments with large temperature differences or where high energy conversion efficiency is required. For example, when the ambient temperature is much lower than the feed water temperature, the air cooler can be used to further reduce the feed water temperature, thereby forming a larger temperature difference at the cold end. The aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module can play its advantages under such conditions and achieve higher power output.

[0088] The hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module combines the high heat capacity of hydrogel and the characteristics of nanoparticle phase change materials, and can effectively absorb or release heat when the temperature difference changes to perform energy conversion. The hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module can store a large amount of thermal energy during the phase change process and release it when needed to generate electricity through thermoelectric conversion.

[0089] The hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module has high energy density and good thermal stability, and can work stably in an environment with large temperature fluctuations. The presence of phase change materials allows the module to efficiently absorb and release heat at a specific temperature, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency. The hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module is suitable for environments with a large temperature difference range that require high energy storage and stable output. It can be used as a supplement or alternative to thermoelectric power generation in a power generation system that utilizes the temperature difference of exhaust steam hot air cooling, especially when a rapid response to temperature changes is required or high efficiency is pursued in thermoelectric power conversion.

[0090] The choice of the three types of thermoelectric power generation modules depends on the specific temperature difference conditions, energy conversion efficiency requirements, and system stability requirements in the power generation system that utilizes the exhaust steam heat air cooling temperature difference. The solid thermoelectric power generation module is suitable for environments with small but stable temperature differences, the aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module is suitable for scenarios with large temperature differences and high energy conversion efficiency, and the hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module performs well in situations where the temperature difference range is large and high energy density and stable output are required. In the design of a power generation system that utilizes the exhaust steam heat air cooling temperature difference, any one of them can be flexibly selected according to the actual application scenario, or used in combination to achieve the best energy recovery and utilization effect.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature difference power generation module is connected in parallel or in series according to the voltage level, current level, etc. It is convenient to increase the factory power supply, factory life voltage and other levels according to the needs, and configure the number and connection mode of power generation modules according to the heat and power generation.

[0092] Optionally, the parallel or series design of solid thermoelectric power generation modules is carried out according to the voltage level, current level, etc., in order to optimize the power output of the system and improve the energy utilization efficiency. The connection method of the thermoelectric power generation module (TEG, Thermoe l ectric Generator) depends on the required output voltage and current, as well as the characteristics of the module itself.

[0093] When multiple solid temperature difference power generation modules are connected in series, the output voltage increases while the output current remains unchanged. Series connection is suitable for situations where higher voltage is required but current demand is relatively small.

[0094] For example, if the output voltage of each solid temperature difference power generation module is 1.5V, and the system needs to provide a voltage of 24V, then 16 modules can be connected in series (161.5V = 24V) to meet the voltage requirement. The series connection helps to increase the voltage level of the entire system, making it compatible with standard power systems or specific electrical equipment.

[0095] When multiple solid temperature difference power generation modules are connected in parallel, the output current will increase while the output voltage remains unchanged. Parallel connection is suitable for situations where a larger current is required or the total power output of the system is increased.

[0096] For example, if the system needs to provide a larger current or power, but the current or power output of each solid temperature difference power generation module is limited, the total current output can be increased by connecting multiple modules in parallel. Assuming that the output current of each module is 1A, if a total current of 5A is required, 5 modules can be connected in parallel (51A = 5A) to meet the current requirement.

[0097] In some complex systems, it may be necessary to increase both voltage and current at the same time. In this case, a mixed connection method can be used, that is, some modules are connected in series to increase voltage, and some modules are connected in parallel to increase current. This requires careful design based on the specific needs of the system and the characteristics of the modules.

[0098] Selection based on voltage requirements: If the system requires a higher output voltage, such as direct connection to the grid, then a series connection or a connection method containing more series modules should be selected. Current requirements: If the system requires a larger output current, such as for high-power devices or battery charging, then a parallel connection or a connection method containing more parallel modules should be selected. Temperature difference between heat source and cold source: The size of the temperature difference will affect the efficiency and output power of the TEG module. A larger temperature difference usually results in a higher output voltage and current.

[0099] Optionally, the number and connection mode of the power generation modules are configured according to the heat and power generation, including:

[0100] First, it is necessary to evaluate the thermal energy resources in the system that can be used for power generation, including the temperature of the heat source, the temperature of the cold source, and the temperature difference between the two. The heat source usually refers to the waste heat in the system, such as the exhaust steam of the steam turbine, while the cold source is the ambient temperature or the cooling water of the system.

[0101] Determine the performance parameters of the thermoelectric power generation module, including maximum output power, efficiency, operating temperature range, and the voltage and current output characteristics of the module. These parameters will affect the module's ability to generate electricity at a specific temperature difference.

[0102] Series connection: Suitable for situations where a higher output voltage is required but a lower current demand is required. By connecting in series, the output voltage of the modules is added together, which can increase the overall voltage level of the system to meet specific power requirements. Parallel connection: Suitable for situations where a larger output current is required or the total power output is increased. Parallel connection can increase the output current and power of the system and help handle high heat flow. Hybrid connection: In some cases, it may be necessary to increase both voltage and current at the same time. In this case, a hybrid connection of part series and part parallel can be used.

[0103] Calculate the total number of modules required based on the heat and power generation requirements. This step is usually performed in combination with the temperature difference, heat flow, and the performance of a single module to ensure that the power generation can meet the expected target. When the ambient temperature is low and the feed water temperature is high, the number of power generation modules can be appropriately increased to make full use of energy.

[0104] Optionally, different thermoelectric power generation methods can be determined as follows: Calculate the annual (exhaust steam temperature - feed water temperature) * flow rate hour by hour using the integral method, denoted as the first value Ta1; calculate the annual (exhaust steam temperature - ambient temperature) * flow rate hour by hour using the integral method, denoted as the second value Ta2; calculate the annual average feed water temperature Tb1 hour by hour using the integral method; calculate the annual average exhaust steam temperature Tb2 hour by hour using the integral method; calculate the annual average minimum of (feed water temperature, ambient temperature) hour by hour using the integral method, denoted as the third value Tb3. In the case where Ta1 ≥ Ta2, if Tb2 - Tb1 < the first preset threshold (e.g., 25K), a solid-state thermoelectric power generation module is preferably used, with PEDOT as the p-type leg and TTF-TCNQ as the n-type leg; if Tb2 - Tb1 > the first preset threshold (e.g., 25K) and the space is small, an n-type Ag2Se / Ag / CuAgSe thermoelectric composite film is preferably used, and in the case of a large space, an aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module is used (e.g., a liquid TEC constructed with MWCNT buckypaper as the electrode and Fe(CN)63- / 4- redox pair). In the case where Ta1 < Ta2, if Tb2 - Tb3 < the second preset threshold (e.g., 30K), a solid-state thermoelectric power generation module is preferably used, with PEDOT as the p-type leg and TTF-TCNQ as the n-type leg; if the third preset threshold (e.g., 30K) ≤ Tb2 - Tb3 < the fourth preset threshold (e.g., 55K) and the space is small, an n-type Ag2Se / Ag / CuAgSe thermoelectric composite film is preferably used, and in the case of a large space and the cold end temperature > the fifth preset threshold (2°C), an aqueous solution thermoelectric power generation module is preferably used (e.g., a liquid TEC constructed with MWCNT buckypaper as the electrode and Fe(CN)63- / 4- redox pair); if Tb2 - Tb3 ≥ the sixth preset threshold (e.g., 55K), a p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 thermoelectric thin film is preferably used as the thermoelectric module.

[0105] Specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0106] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat air cooling, characterized in that: include: A low-pressure cylinder, a hot-end heat exchanger connected to the low-pressure cylinder, a condenser connected to the hot-end heat exchanger, a feedwater pump connected to the condenser, a cold-end heat exchanger connected to the feedwater pump, and a temperature difference power generation module connected to the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger, wherein: The hot end heat exchanger is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the low-pressure cylinder and transmit the first heat of the exhaust steam to the hot end of the temperature difference power generation module; The condenser is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot end heat exchanger and convert the exhaust steam into condensed water; The water feed pump is used to obtain the condensed water and transmit the condensed water to the cold end heat exchanger; The cold end heat exchanger is used to receive the condensed water and transfer the second heat of the condensed water to the cold end of the temperature difference power generation module; The temperature difference power generation module is used to generate direct current according to the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat and air cooling further includes: a DC to AC conversion module connected to the temperature difference power generation module, and a transformer connected to the DC to AC conversion module, wherein: The DC to AC conversion module is used to convert the DC power into AC power; The transformer is used to convert the alternating current into a preset alternating current.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further comprises: a heating auxiliary heat exchanger connected to the hot end heat exchanger, and a first heat network heat exchanger connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, wherein: The heating auxiliary heat exchanger is used to receive the exhaust steam transmitted by the hot end heat exchanger, heat the fluid in the heating auxiliary heat exchanger based on the exhaust steam, transmit the heated fluid to the primary heat network heat exchanger, and transmit the exhaust steam to the condenser, wherein the hot end heat exchanger is connected to the condenser through the heating auxiliary heat exchanger; The primary heat network heat exchanger is used to heat the return water of the supply system based on the heated fluid.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further comprises: a first valve and a second valve, wherein one end of the first valve is connected to the hot end heat exchanger, and the other end of the first valve is connected to the condenser; one end of the second valve is connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and the other end of the second valve is connected to the condenser; When heating is required for the user end, the first valve is at a first opening degree, and the second valve is at a second opening degree, wherein the first opening degree is smaller than the second opening degree; when heating is not required for the user end, the first valve is at a third opening degree, and the second valve is at a fourth opening degree, wherein the third opening degree is larger than the fourth opening degree.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the temperature difference of exhaust steam heat and air cooling also includes: a circulating pump, wherein one end of the circulating pump is connected to the heating auxiliary heat exchanger, and the other end of the circulating pump is connected to the primary heat network heat exchanger, and the circulating pump is used to receive the heated fluid and transmit the heated fluid to the primary heat network heat exchanger.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further includes: an air cooler connected to the feed water pump; The air cooler is used to receive the condensed water transmitted by the water supply pump, cool the condensed water, and transmit the cooled condensed water to the cold end heat exchanger.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further includes: a third valve and a fourth valve, wherein one end of the third valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the third valve is connected to the cold end heat exchanger, a first end of the fourth valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the fourth valve is connected to the air cooler, When the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the temperature of the condensed water, the third valve is at a fifth opening degree, and the fourth valve is at a sixth opening degree, wherein the fifth opening degree is smaller than the sixth opening degree; When the ambient temperature is greater than the temperature of the condensed water, the third valve is at a seventh opening degree, and the fourth valve is at an eighth opening degree, wherein the seventh opening degree is greater than the eighth opening degree.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further comprises: a fifth valve and a sixth valve, wherein one end of the fifth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder, and the other end of the fifth valve is connected to the hot end heat exchanger; one end of the sixth valve is connected to the low-pressure cylinder, and the other end of the sixth valve is connected to the condenser; The opening degree of the fifth valve and the opening degree of the sixth valve are determined according to the working power of the hot end heat exchanger.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power generation system utilizing the exhaust steam heat-air cooling temperature difference further comprises: a seventh valve and an eighth valve, wherein one end of the seventh valve is connected to the economizer, and the other end of the seventh valve is connected to the cold end heat exchanger; one end of the eighth valve is connected to the feed water pump, and the other end of the eighth valve is connected to the economizer; The opening degree of the seventh valve is determined according to the operating power of the cold-end heat exchanger.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature difference power generation module includes one of the following: a solid temperature difference power generation module, an aqueous solution temperature difference power generation module, and a hydrogel nanoparticle phase change power generation module.

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