Offshore breeding device and offshore breeding system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of offshore culture, in particular to an offshore culture device and an offshore culture system.The offshore culture device comprises a net cage and a first floating box, the first floating box is connected with the net cage, and the first floating box is located on one side of the net cage. According to the offshore culture device, the first floating box is connected with the net cage, and the first floating box is located on one side of the net cage. The height of at least one part of waves can be reduced through the first buoyancy tank, so that a more quiet culture environment can be provided for cultured plants in the net cage, and the influence of the stormy wave environment on the mariculture net cage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore aquaculture, in particular to an offshore aquaculture device and an offshore aquaculture system. Background Art

[0002] At present, offshore aquaculture generally includes near-shore aquaculture and offshore aquaculture (water depth ranges from 20-80m). Among them, offshore aquaculture is mainly divided into three categories: aquaculture vessels, aquaculture platforms, and cages. Among them, cages are more restricted by wind and waves, and are still in the stage of being solved. How to reduce the damage of cages to wind and waves has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field.

[0003] Current offshore aquaculture systems, such as Deep Blue No. 1, have made great breakthroughs in cage materials, structure and construction. However, for the aquaculture industry, there are still problems such as the harsh offshore aquaculture environment, insufficient energy supply, and inability to build production and living support facilities. At the same time, Deep Blue No. 1 has no restrictions on the outer underwater part of the deep-sea aquaculture system, and it is unable to form a stable flow field. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an offshore aquaculture device with strong wind and wave resistance in view of the problem that offshore aquaculture cages are greatly affected by wind and wave environment in the background technology. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional offshore aquaculture system that integrates aquaculture area, safe wave elimination, intelligent cleaning and production and life support system to form a relatively stable flow field in view of the safety problem of wind and wave damage faced by deep-sea aquaculture in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An offshore aquaculture device includes a net cage and a first pontoon, wherein the first pontoon is connected to the net cage and is located at one side of the net cage. The offshore aquaculture device described in the present application includes the first pontoon connected to the net cage and is located at one side of the net cage. The first pontoon can reduce at least a portion of the wave height, thereby providing a calmer aquaculture environment for the cultivated plants in the net cage, thereby reducing the impact of the wind and wave environment on the offshore aquaculture net cage.

[0007] Preferably, the first pontoon is located on the side of the cage close to the upstream of the ocean current. The first pontoon can offset part of the waves, thereby providing a calmer breeding environment for the plants in the cage. Preferably, a second pontoon is further included, the second pontoon and the first pontoon form at least one angle, and at least one of the cages is located within the angle. The second pontoon and the first pontoon form at least one angle to avoid waves and wind, thereby providing a calmer breeding environment for the plants in the cage.

[0008] Preferably, a third pontoon is further included, wherein the third pontoon, the second pontoon and the first pontoon enclose at least one placement water area, one side of the placement water area is provided with an opening, and at least one of the net cages is located in the placement water area. The second pontoon and the first pontoon enclose at least one placement water area with an opening on one side for protection from waves and wind, thereby providing a calmer breeding environment for the plants in the net cages.

[0009] Preferably, the third pontoon, the second pontoon and the first pontoon form an I-shaped structure, and the area with an opening on one side formed by the I-shaped structure is a water area. In this structure, three sides are surrounded by pontoons to form a shelter structure, and the pontoons also have the function of eliminating waves, thereby providing a calmer water environment for the cages placed in the water area. In addition, the I-shaped structure forms two back-to-back water areas, which improves the ability to resist wind and waves without affecting the aquaculture capacity.

[0010] Preferably, the first pontoon, the second pontoon or the third pontoon is used as a dock for ships to dock.

[0011] Preferably, the offshore aquaculture device described in the present application further includes a power generation module, which is used to supply power to the equipment on the cage, and the power generation module is located on the first buoy.

[0012] Specifically, the equipment includes cage monitoring equipment, underwater video or sampling equipment installed on the cage, fish feed, net changing, maintenance equipment, sensors, etc. That is, equipment located on the cage that requires electricity.

[0013] Preferably, the power generation module is a photovoltaic power generation device.

[0014] Preferably, the net cage comprises a frame and a grid structure connected to the frame, and the grid structure and the frame together enclose a breeding space with an open top.

[0015] Preferably, at least one side of the first buoyancy box is flexibly connected to a floating body, and the bottom of the floating body is fixed to the seabed or riverbed by a second anchor cable.

[0016] Preferably, the first buoyancy box comprises at least one inner cavity. When there are at least two inner cavities, adjacent inner cavities are separated by concrete partitions, and adjacent storage inner cavities are connected.

[0017] A ballast tank is also provided in the first buoyancy tank, and a ballast medium is stored in the ballast tank. The buoyancy and the degree of inclination of the first buoyancy tank can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the ballast medium in the ballast tank.

[0018] Specifically, the ballast medium is water.

[0019] To achieve another object of the present invention, the present application also discloses an offshore aquaculture system, comprising:

[0020] Farming area;

[0021] The offshore aquaculture device as described in the present application is located in the aquaculture area;

[0022] A safety wave-breaking system is arranged outside the aquaculture area and is used to reduce the wave height in the aquaculture area. The inner and outer sides of the safety wave-breaking system can exchange water. The lower part of the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed.

[0023] An intelligent cleaning and maintenance system for cleaning garbage in the aquaculture area and in the waters below the aquaculture area;

[0024] Production and life support systems located above the water surface, used to provide electricity, facilities, sites or factories;

[0025] The offshore aquaculture device, the safe wave-breaking system, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system and the production and life support system together form a three-dimensional offshore aquaculture system.

[0026] The breeding area in the above scheme is three-dimensional in space.

[0027] The offshore aquaculture system described in the present application is an offshore aquaculture device for aquaculture of fish or algae, which is located in the aquaculture area. A safety wave-breaking system is used to effectively reduce the impact of wind, wave and current environmental loads on the aquaculture area, and effectively reduce the impact of the offshore aquaculture device on the wind and wave environment. Moreover, the lower part of the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed, which can form a very stable wave-breaking structure, which can not only reduce the size of waves, but also effectively reduce the intensity of underwater surges. The safety wave-breaking system is used to change the flow field in the ocean that cannot be aquacultured into a flow field that is suitable for the survival of the cultured objects (for example, changing the wave height, water flow rate, etc.), thereby providing a calmer and more suitable living environment for the cultured objects (fish or algae), greatly increasing the aquaculture efficiency of the offshore aquaculture device, and effectively reducing the structural requirements for the offshore aquaculture device to resist wind and waves, thereby effectively reducing the aquaculture cost of the offshore aquaculture device, and providing a safe environment for aquaculture personnel, aquaculture facilities, and cultured objects (fish or algae) by controlling disastrous waves in the water area.

[0028] At the same time, the safety wave-breaking system is arranged outside the breeding area, and the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed. The safety wave-breaking system of the present application can form a relatively fixed water area, which is both permeable and wave-blocking, because the inside and outside of the safety wave-breaking system can exchange water bodies. During the water body exchange process, part of the water body will hit the safety wave-breaking system, and then form a backflow, which can also weaken the wave height. Under this condition, the present application can centrally clean up the garbage in the breeding area and the lower water area of ​​the breeding area through the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system. Compared with the open water area formed by Deep Blue No. 1, the cleaning efficiency is improved, and the pollution caused by the offshore breeding system to the water environment outside the safety wave-breaking system is greatly reduced, so as to ensure the normal operation of the offshore breeding system. Compared with the method of reducing the garbage concentration by the self-cleaning ability of the water body, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system described in the present application can effectively reduce the garbage concentration in a short time, thereby shortening the water purification time.

[0029] At the same time, since the bottom of the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed, and the water supply flow channel arranged on the wave-breaking system forms a breeding environment with a stable flow field in the breeding area, a production and life support system can be set up on the water area or on the safety wave-breaking system, such as power equipment, facilities, sites or factories. Compared with Deep Blue No. 1, the stability of the production and life support system during operation is greatly improved.

[0030] Wind power equipment can be installed on the safety wave elimination system. When the offshore aquaculture device is equipped with a power generation module, the wind power equipment on the safety wave elimination system can provide a certain amount of power compensation for the offshore aquaculture device to increase the power supply guarantee of the offshore aquaculture device. At the same time, the wind power equipment can also provide power guarantee for the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system and the production and life guarantee system.

[0031] In a normalized severe windy and wavey sea environment (wave height of 10-20m), since the lower part of the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed, the breeding area in the middle of the safety wave-breaking system can still maintain a normalized stable, quiet water environment suitable for fish growth.

[0032] Moreover, the offshore aquaculture system described in the present application includes a production and life support system, which can provide the necessary electricity, facilities, venues or factories for the life and production of the offshore aquaculture system to ensure the overall operation of large or super-large offshore aquaculture systems.

[0033] Preferably, the water depth at the offshore aquaculture device is 20-80m.

[0034] Preferably, the water depth at the offshore aquaculture device is 25-35m.

[0035] Preferably, the breeding area is 1 to 20 km2 The offshore aquaculture system described in this application is more suitable for large-scale aquaculture, and the area of ​​a single aquaculture area can reach 1 to 20 km 2 , enabling offshore aquaculture systems to fix carbon. Specifically, multiple offshore aquaculture devices can not only fully guarantee sufficient food supply for humans, but also store at least 100 million tons of carbon dioxide each year. Moreover, the carbon dioxide is inert and can be stored in seawater for thousands of years. This is impossible on land. This can effectively reduce excess carbon dioxide and excessive greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, and can effectively reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, thereby effectively helping the natural ecology to recover.

[0036] Preferably, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system comprises a hull and a cleaning device located in the aquaculture area, the cleaning device is used to collect underwater garbage and transport it to the hull through a connecting pipe. The offshore aquaculture system described in the present application collects underwater garbage in the aquaculture area through a cleaning device and transports it to the hull through a connecting pipe, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the water quality in the aquaculture area.

[0037] Preferably, the hull is located within the breeding area.

[0038] Preferably, the hull is provided with a pump body and a filtering device, the pump body is connected with the connecting pipe, the cleaning device is provided with a water inlet connected with the connecting pipe, water can enter the connecting pipe through the water inlet, the pump body is used to provide power, and the power can enable the water to enter the filtering device from the water inlet through the connecting pipe, and the hull is also provided with a drain connected with the filtering device, and the water filtered by the filtering device is discharged from the hull through the drain.

[0039] The hull is provided with a pump body and a filtering device, wherein the pump body is used to provide power so that underwater garbage and a part of water in the breeding area enter the filtering device through the connecting pipe from the water inlet for filtering, and the underwater garbage is left in the hull for harmless treatment. The water filtered by the filtering device is discharged from the hull through the drain port and returns to the breeding area or near the breeding area.

[0040] Preferably, the connecting pipe is a flexible pipe, and the cleaning device is provided with a power device for moving the cleaning device. The cleaning device has a power device and can move itself to the water area below the offshore aquaculture device for cleaning.

[0041] Preferably, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system includes seaweed, at least a portion of which is located below the net cage. Based on seaweed cultivation, an ecological chain suitable for large-scale aquaculture is constructed, and the natural balance of the offshore aquaculture system is achieved through the ecosystem.

[0042] Preferably, a secondary wave-breaking device is further provided inside the safety wave-breaking system, and the secondary wave-breaking device is close to the portion of the safety wave-breaking system located on the wave-facing side. When encountering disastrous wind and waves, the wind and waves faced by the safety wave-breaking system corresponding to the wave-facing side are the largest, and the waves that pass over the safety wave-breaking system are again reduced by providing a secondary wave-breaking device inside the safety wave-breaking system corresponding to the wave-facing side (the safety wave-breaking system is a primary wave-breaking device), and while ensuring that a sufficient amount of water flows through the portion of the safety wave-breaking system located on the wave-facing side, the adverse effects of wind and waves on the breeding area are reduced to a greater extent, providing calmer waters for the aquaculture in the breeding area.

[0043] Preferably, the safety wave-breaking system around the aquaculture area is a wave-breaking dam that is entirely surrounded by a number of spaced-apart foundations, or is partially surrounded by a number of spaced-apart foundations joined with other fixed structures.

[0044] A first channel for water flow is arranged between adjacent foundations, and the lower part of the foundation is fixed to the seabed or riverbed.

[0045] The offshore aquaculture system described in the present application has aquaculture modules for aquaculture fish or algae in the aquaculture area, and a safety wave-breaking system is arranged outside the aquaculture area. The first channel arranged between adjacent foundations can realize the exchange between the external water body of the safety wave-breaking system and the internal water body surrounded by it, thereby meeting the water quality requirements in the aquaculture area; the safety wave-breaking system effectively reduces or eliminates the adverse effects of adverse environmental loads (mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads) on the aquaculture area, and the lower part of the foundation is fixed to the seabed or riverbed. The fixed safety wave-breaking system of the present application forms a very stable wave-breaking structure, which can not only effectively reduce strong waves, At the same time, it can also reduce the intensity of underwater surges, so that a relatively stable flow field suitable for aquaculture (such as wave height, water flow rate, etc.) is formed in the aquaculture area, thereby providing a calmer and more suitable living environment for the cultured objects (fish or algae), greatly increasing the aquaculture efficiency of the aquaculture modules; at the same time, since the present application adopts a fixed safety wave-breaking system structure, the structure provides a calmer water environment for the enclosed aquaculture area, thereby reducing the requirements for the wind and wave resistance level of the aquaculture modules in the aquaculture area, so that offshore aquaculture modules, such as offshore cages, can still be used in the open sea, thereby effectively reducing the aquaculture costs of the aquaculture modules.

[0046] Preferably, the water permeability t of the safety wave-breaking system is 5% to 20%, which can ensure both a better wave-breaking effect and a better water quality exchange effect on both sides of the safety wave-breaking system.

[0047] Preferably, the foundation is a cylinder, and the lower part of the cylinder is fixed to the seabed or riverbed.

[0048] Preferably, the cylinder is filled with a first filler.

[0049] Preferably, the cylinder is a concrete cylinder structure or a steel cylinder structure.

[0050] Preferably, the cylinder is a concrete cylinder structure or a steel cylinder structure.

[0051] Preferably, the cylinder comprises a steel cylinder at the bottom and a concrete cylinder at the top of the steel cylinder, the concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder are both filled with the first filler, and the bottom of the steel cylinder is fixed to the seabed or riverbed. The top of the cylinder is a concrete cylinder, and the bottom is a steel cylinder. When in use, the steel cylinder is completely submerged in water, a part of the concrete cylinder is located above the water surface, and the other part is located below the water surface. The combined cylinder structure formed by the steel cylinder and the concrete cylinder solves the corrosion problem in the splash zone by using the concrete cylinder, and at the same time, the steel cylinder can adapt to more geological conditions under the seabed or riverbed. At the same time, the combined cylinder form combines the advantages of the large weight of the upper concrete cylinder (because the concrete strength-to-weight ratio is small, and part of the above the water surface is dry bulk density) and the small sinking friction resistance of the lower steel cylinder in the underwater soil; the tensile performance of the lower steel cylinder is better than that of the upper concrete cylinder. As the first filler in the combined cylinder increases with the filling height, the lateral pressure of the cylinder increases, and the steel cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the combined cylinder body, which can better meet the characteristics of the increase in cylinder wall tension caused by the circumferential tension of the cylinder body, so that the overall combined cylinder body has better structural performance.

[0052] In the offshore aquaculture system described in the application, the bottom end surface of the cylinder is provided with a base extending inward and outward, the part of the base extending outward from the cylinder is the outer extension part, and the part of the base extending inward from the cylinder is the inner extension part. The base of the cylinder is placed in a base groove opened on the seabed or riverbed, and the second filler buried in the base groove presses the outer extension part. The lower part of the cylinder is stably fixed to the seabed or riverbed through the lateral pressure of the second filler on the lower part of the cylinder and the vertical downward pressure of the second filler on the outer extension part.

[0053] Preferably, the first filler presses the inner extension portion so that the lower portion of the cylinder is stably fixed to the seabed or riverbed.

[0054] Preferably, the lower part of the cylinder is inserted into the seabed or riverbed. When waves or sea winds apply lateral external loads F to the upper part of the foundation, 外 , the soil under the seabed or riverbed can exert an external load F on the cylinder 外 The opposite passive earth pressure F 被 , so that the overall deadweight of the cylinder described in this application can provide an external load F 外 Most of the resistance capacity can meet the requirements without providing resistance to external loads F 外The overall resistance capacity of the cylinder can be effectively reduced under the same force requirements.

[0055] Preferably, a guard is provided on the outer side of the lower portion of the cylinder.

[0056] Preferably, the safety wave-breaking system is provided with an entrance and an exit and an extension portion extending toward the outside of the safety wave-breaking system, and the extension portion is located on a side of the entrance and an exit close to the direction of the sea current.

[0057] Preferably, the production and life support system includes wind power equipment.

[0058] Preferably, the wind power equipment is arranged on the safety wave breaking system.

[0059] Preferably, the wind power equipment is arranged on an independent foundation inside or outside the safety wave dissipation system.

[0060] Preferably, the independent foundation is a cylinder filled with a first filler, the lower portion of the cylinder is fixed to the seabed or riverbed, a concrete structure is provided on the top of the cylinder, and the wind power equipment is provided on at least a portion of the concrete structure.

[0061] Preferably, the production and life support system further includes an energy storage station, and the wind power equipment is electrically connected to the energy storage station. An energy storage station is also provided on the basis to convert the electricity generated by the wind power equipment into stable output electric energy, thereby meeting the power demand in the offshore aquaculture device. At the same time, the electric energy generated by the wind power equipment can also compensate the power equipment on the offshore aquaculture device.

[0062] Preferably, the production and life support system further comprises a floating module and a factory building, the floating module is located in the breeding area, the floating module comprises at least two connected pontoon units, the pontoon units are prefabricated, and the factory building is arranged on the floating module.

[0063] Preferably, at least one of the floating modules is connected to the safety wave-breaking system.

[0064] Preferably, the production and life support system also includes at least one of a harbor, a campsite, a helipad, a lighthouse, a seawater desalination facility, a breeding vessel base and a sewage treatment facility.

[0065] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0066] 1. In the offshore aquaculture device described in the present application, the first buoy is connected to the net cage, and the first buoy is located on one side of the net cage. The first buoy can reduce at least a portion of the wave height, thereby providing a calmer aquaculture environment for the plants in the net cage, thereby reducing the impact of the wind and wave environment on the offshore aquaculture net cage.

[0067] 2. An offshore aquaculture system described in the present application, an offshore aquaculture system described in the present application, an offshore aquaculture device for aquaculture of fish or algae is located in the aquaculture area, and a safety wave-breaking system is used to effectively reduce the impact of wind, wave and current environmental loads on the aquaculture area, and effectively reduce the impact of the offshore aquaculture device on the wind and wave environment. Moreover, the lower part of the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed, which can form a very stable wave-breaking structure, which can not only reduce the size of waves, but also effectively reduce the intensity of underwater surges. Thus, the safety wave-breaking system is used to change the flow field in the ocean that cannot be aquacultured into a flow field that is suitable for the survival of the cultured (for example, changing the wave height, water flow rate, etc.), thereby providing a calmer and more suitable living environment for the cultured (fish or algae), greatly increasing the aquaculture efficiency of the offshore aquaculture device, and effectively reducing the structural requirements for the offshore aquaculture device to resist wind and waves, thereby effectively reducing the aquaculture cost of the offshore aquaculture device, and providing a safe environment for aquaculture personnel, aquaculture facilities, and cultured (fish or algae) by controlling disastrous waves in the water area.

[0068] At the same time, the safety wave-breaking system is arranged outside the breeding area, and the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed. Compared with Deep Blue No. 1, the safety wave-breaking system of the present application can form a fixed water area, which is both permeable and wave-blocking, because the inside and outside of the safety wave-breaking system can exchange water bodies. During the water body exchange process, part of the water body will hit the safety wave-breaking system, and then form a backflow, which can also weaken the wave height. Under this condition, the present application can centrally clean up the garbage in the breeding area and the lower water area of ​​the breeding area through the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system. Compared with the open water area formed by Deep Blue No. 1, the cleaning efficiency is improved, and the pollution caused by the offshore breeding system to the water environment outside the safety wave-breaking system is greatly reduced, so as to ensure the normal operation of the offshore breeding system. Compared with the method of reducing the garbage concentration by the self-cleaning ability of the water body, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system described in the present application can effectively reduce the garbage concentration in a short time, thereby shortening the water purification time.

[0069] At the same time, since the bottom of the safety wave-breaking system is fixed to the seabed or riverbed to form a very stable basic environment, and the above-mentioned aquaculture waters are relatively calm waters, production and life support systems, such as power equipment, facilities, sites or factories, can be set up on the waters or on the safety wave-breaking system. Compared with Deep Blue No. 1, the stability of the production and life support system during operation is greatly improved;

[0070] Wind power equipment can be installed on the safety wave elimination system. When the offshore aquaculture device is equipped with a power generation module, the wind power equipment on the safety wave elimination system can provide a certain amount of power compensation for the offshore aquaculture device to increase the power supply guarantee of the offshore aquaculture device. At the same time, the wind power equipment can also provide power guarantee for the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system and the production and life guarantee system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an offshore aquaculture device of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the offshore aquaculture device and the floating body of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the net cage of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cleaning and maintenance system of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filtering device of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the inner cavity structure of a first pontoon or a pontoon unit of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an offshore aquaculture system model of the present invention (oblique downward viewing angle).

[0078] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial model of an offshore aquaculture system of the present invention.

[0079] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an offshore aquaculture system model of the present invention (oblique upward perspective, partial).

[0080] Fig.10 It is a top view schematic diagram of the offshore aquaculture system layout of the present invention (the secondary wave-breaking device is a floating breakwater).

[0081] Fig.11 It is a top view schematic diagram of the offshore aquaculture system layout of the present invention (the secondary wave-breaking device is a fixed breakwater).

[0082] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the layout of an offshore aquaculture system of the present invention (showing a suspended tunnel).

[0083] Fig.13 It is a wave-breaking effect test cloud diagram of a safe wave-breaking system of the present invention.

[0084] Fig.14 It is a front view of a wave-breaking effect test of a safe wave-breaking system of the present invention (before wave-breaking).

[0085] Fig.15 It is a front view of a wave-breaking effect test of a safe wave-breaking system of the present invention (during wave-breaking).

[0086] Fig.16 It is a front view of a wave-breaking effect test of a safe wave-breaking system of the present invention (after wave-breaking).

[0087] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a safety wave-breaking system of the present invention (a steel cylinder structure or a concrete cylinder structure is inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0088] Figure 17-1 This invention is attached Fig.17 AA section diagram (steel cylinder structure).

[0089] Figure 17-2 This invention is attached Fig.17 AA section view (concrete tube structure).

[0090] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a safe wave-breaking system of the present invention (the combined tube is inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0091] Figure 18-1 This invention is attached Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section.

[0092] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the safety wave-breaking system of the present invention (steel cylinder structure or concrete cylinder structure, with tank guard).

[0093] Figure 19-1 This invention is attached Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the CC (steel cylinder structure, inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0094] Figure 19-2 This invention is attached Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the CC (steel cylinder structure, not inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0095] Figure 19-3 This invention is attached Fig.19Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the CC (concrete cylinder structure inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0096] Figure 19-4 This invention is attached Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the CC (concrete cylinder structure, not inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0097] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the safety wave-breaking system of the present invention (combined tube with tank guard).

[0098] Figure 20-1 This invention is attached Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the DD cross-section (combined tube, inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0099] Figure 20-2 This invention is attached Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the DD cross-section (combined tube, not inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0100] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the safety wave-breaking system of the present invention (a steel cylinder structure or a concrete cylinder structure with a foundation trench).

[0101] Figure 21-1 This invention is attached Fig.21 EE cross-sectional view (steel cylinder structure with foundation trench).

[0102] Figure 21-2 This invention is attached Fig.21 Schematic diagram of EE cross-section (concrete cylinder structure, not inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0103] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the safety wave-breaking system of the present invention (combined tube with base groove).

[0104] Figure 22-1 This invention is attached Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of the FF cross-section (combined tube with base groove).

[0105] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross-section of the structure of a cylinder of the present invention.

[0106] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional longitudinal cross-section of the structure of a cylinder of the present invention.

[0107] Fig.25 It is a force diagram of a cylinder of the present invention (the foundation is inserted into the seabed or riverbed).

[0108] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a cylinder of the present invention.

[0109] Fig. 27 This is a schematic diagram of the normal earth pressure generated by the first filler of the present invention on the wall of the steel cylinder.

[0110] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the micro-segment research on the wall of the steel cylinder of the present invention.

[0111] Fig.29 This invention is attached Fig.26 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0112] Fig.30 This invention is attached Fig.26 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the middle.

[0113] Fig.31 It is a schematic diagram of adjusting the cylinder posture of the air curtain and high-pressure water facilities of the present invention.

[0114] Fig.32 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a safe wave-breaking system of the present invention (with two wave-breaking arms).

[0115] Figure 32-1 This invention is attached Fig.32 Schematic diagram of the CC cross-section.

[0116] Fig.33 This invention is attached Fig.32 Enlarged schematic diagram of part D in the middle.

[0117] Fig.34 It is a top view schematic diagram of the cooperation between the foundation of the present invention and the wave-breaking arm 1.

[0118] Fig.35 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second wave-blocking arm and the first flexible member (the whole cylinder) of the present invention.

[0119] Fig.36 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between a plurality of wave-breaking arm units and a first flexible member of the present invention.

[0120] Fig.37 It is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a wind power foundation of the present invention (one section of reinforced concrete cylinder).

[0121] Fig.38 It is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a wind power foundation of the present invention (at least 2 sections of reinforced concrete cylinders).

[0122] Fig.39 It is a structural stereoscopic schematic diagram of a floating module of the present invention.

[0123] Fig.40 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of a floating module and a plant building of the present invention.

[0124] Icons: 1- pontoon unit; 11- breeding chamber; 12- concrete partition; 13- ballast tank; 3- foundation; 30- cylinder; 31- first filler; 32- concrete cylinder; 321- reinforced concrete cylinder unit; 322- groove; 323- flexible filling layer; 324- embedded parts; 33- steel cylinder; 331- first extension; 332- protrusion; 333- connector; 334- reinforcing rib; 335- second extension 34-high-pressure water facility; 35-air curtain; 36-cap; 361-exhaust hole; 37-water surface; 38-concrete cushion; 39-seabed or riverbed; 310-tank; 312-concrete cylinder structure; 313-steel cylinder structure; 41-wave-blocking arm 1; 42-wave-blocking arm 2; 43-attachment; 44-first flexible member; 45-wave-blocking arm unit; 453-third flexible member; 46-second flexible member; 47- Concrete layer; 5-safety wave-breaking system; 51-stop block; 53-box unit; 501-fixed body; 502-floating body; 503-entrance and exit; 505-extension; 54-wave-breaking box; 6-offshore aquaculture device; 61-breeding area; 62-first channel; 63-secondary wave-breaking device; 64-cage; 65-power generation module; 66-first pontoon; 67-second pontoon; 68-third pontoon; 69-power generation Equipment; 610-floating module; 611-hull; 612-cleaning device; 613-connecting pipe; 614-floating body; 615-pump body; 616-filtering device; 617-drainage outlet; 618-factory building; 619-buffered water area; 620-aquaculture area boundary line; 621-skeleton; 622-grid structure; 623-first anchor cable; 624-second anchor cable; 7-wind power equipment; 71-concrete structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0125] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0126] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0127] Example 1

[0128] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an offshore aquaculture device according to this embodiment includes a net cage 64 and a first pontoon 66, wherein the first pontoon 66 is connected to the net cage 64 and is located at one side of the net cage 64. In actual construction, the first pontoon 66 is located at a side of the net cage 64 close to the upstream of the ocean current. The first pontoon 66 can offset a part of the waves, thereby providing a calmer aquaculture environment for the cultivated plants in the net cage 64.

[0129] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, an offshore aquaculture device described in this embodiment includes a net cage 64, a first pontoon 66, and a second pontoon 67, wherein the second pontoon 67 and the first pontoon 66 form at least one angle, and at least one net cage 64 is located within the angle. The second pontoon 67 and the first pontoon 66 form at least one angle for avoiding waves and wind, thereby providing a calmer aquaculture environment for the cultivated plants in the net cage 64.

[0130] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, an offshore aquaculture device described in this embodiment includes a net cage 64, a first pontoon 66, a second pontoon 67 and a third pontoon 68, wherein the first pontoon 66, the second pontoon 67 and the third pontoon 68 enclose at least one placement water area, one side of the placement water area is provided with an opening, and at least one of the net cages 64 is located in the placement water area. The second pontoon 67 and the first pontoon 66 enclose at least one wave-proof and wind-proof placement water area with an opening on one side, thereby providing a calmer aquaculture environment for the cultivated plants in the net cage 64, and the first pontoon 66, the second pontoon 67 or the third pontoon 68 can also be used as a dock for ships to dock.

[0131] Specifically, the first pontoon 66, the second pontoon 67 and the third pontoon 68 form an I-shaped structure, and the area with an opening on one side formed by the I-shaped structure is the placement water area. In this structure, three sides are surrounded by pontoons to form a shelter structure, and the pontoons also have the function of eliminating waves, thereby providing a calmer water environment for the cages 64 in the placement water area. In addition, the I-shaped structure forms two placement water areas back to back, which improves the ability to resist wind and waves without affecting the breeding capacity.

[0132] Specifically, the first pontoon 66 , the second pontoon 67 and the third pontoon 68 are fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed through the second anchor cable 624 .

[0133] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the offshore aquaculture device described in this embodiment further includes a power generation module 65, which is used to power the equipment on the net cage 64, and the power generation module 65 is located on the first buoy 66. Specifically, the equipment is a net cage monitoring device, an underwater camera or sampling device installed on the net cage 64, fish feed, net changing, maintenance equipment, sensors, etc. That is, the equipment located on the net cage 64 that needs to use electricity; the power generation module 65 is a photovoltaic power generation device. The power generation module 65 can be placed on the upper part of the net cage 64, or on one side of the net cage 64.

[0134] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred embodiment, the cage 64 includes a frame 621 and a grid structure 622 connected to the frame 621, and the grid structure 622 and the frame 621 together form a breeding space with an open top.

[0135] The height of the part of the cage 64 submerged in water is generally 10 to 40 m.

[0136] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, at least one side of the first buoyancy box 66 is flexibly connected to a float 614 , and the bottom of the float 614 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed through a second anchor cable 624 .

[0137] like Figure 6 As shown, the first pontoon 66 includes at least one inner cavity 11. When there are at least two inner cavities 11, adjacent inner cavities 11 are separated by concrete partitions 12, and adjacent storage inner cavities 11 are connected. A ballast tank 13 is also provided in the first pontoon 66. Ballast medium is stored in the ballast tank 13. The buoyancy and inclination of the first pontoon 66 can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the ballast medium in the ballast tank 13. Specifically, the ballast medium is water. The structures of the third pontoon 68 and the second pontoon 67 are consistent with those of the first pontoon 66.

[0138] Beneficial effects of the embodiment: In the offshore aquaculture device described in this embodiment, the first buoy 66 is connected to the net cage 64, and the first buoy 66 is located on one side of the net cage 64. The first buoy 66 can reduce at least a portion of the wave height, thereby providing a calmer aquaculture environment for the cultivated plants in the net cage 64, thereby reducing the impact of the wind and wave environment on the offshore aquaculture net cage.

[0139] Example 2

[0140] like Figure 7-12 As shown, this embodiment discloses an offshore aquaculture system, comprising:

[0141] Farming area 61;

[0142] The offshore aquaculture device as described in Example 1, wherein the offshore aquaculture device is located in the aquaculture area 61;

[0143] A safety wave-breaking system 5 is arranged outside the aquaculture area 61 and is used to reduce the wave height in the aquaculture area 61. Water can be exchanged inside and outside the safety wave-breaking system 5. The lower part of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed.

[0144] An intelligent cleaning and maintenance system, used to clean up garbage in the breeding area 61 and in the water area below the breeding area 61;

[0145] Production and life support systems located above the water surface, used to provide electricity, facilities, sites or factories;

[0146] The offshore aquaculture device, the safe wave-breaking system 5, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system and the production and life support system together form a three-dimensional offshore aquaculture system.

[0147] At a position close to the safety wave-breaking system 5 , the offshore aquaculture device 6 can be connected to the safety wave-breaking system 5 . Alternatively, one side of the offshore aquaculture device 6 is connected to the floating body 614 , and the other side is connected to the safety wave-breaking system 5 .

[0148] An offshore aquaculture system described in the present application, an offshore aquaculture device for aquaculture of fish or algae is located in a breeding area 61 and is arranged in a safety wave-breaking system 5. The safety wave-breaking system 5 is used to effectively reduce the impact of wind, wave and current environmental loads on the breeding area 61, and effectively reduce the impact of the offshore aquaculture device on the wind and wave environment. Moreover, the lower part of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and can form a very stable wave-breaking structure, which can not only reduce the size of waves, but also effectively reduce the intensity of underwater surges. Thus, the safety wave-breaking system 5 is used to change the flow field in the ocean that cannot be aquacultured into a flow field that is suitable for the survival of the cultured objects (for example, changing the wave height, water flow rate, etc.), thereby providing a calmer and more suitable living environment for the cultured fish or algae, greatly increasing the aquaculture efficiency of the offshore aquaculture device, and effectively reducing the structural requirements for the offshore aquaculture device to resist wind and waves, thereby effectively reducing the aquaculture cost of the offshore aquaculture device, and providing a safe environment for aquaculture personnel, aquaculture facilities, and cultured objects (fish or algae) by controlling disastrous waves in the water area.

[0149] At the same time, the safety wave elimination system 5 is arranged outside the breeding area 61, and at least a part of the safety wave elimination system 5 (the bottom is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed) is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed. The safety wave elimination system 5 of the present application can form a fixed water area, which is permeable and can block waves, because the inside and outside of the safety wave elimination system 5 can exchange water bodies. During the water body exchange process, part of the water body will hit the safety wave elimination system 5, and then form a backflow, which can also weaken the wave height. Under this condition, the present application can centrally clean up the garbage in the breeding area 61 and the lower water area of ​​the breeding area 61 through the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system. Compared with the open water area formed by Deep Blue No. 1, the cleaning efficiency is improved, and the pollution caused by the offshore breeding system to the water environment outside the safety wave elimination system 5 is greatly reduced, so as to ensure the normal operation of the offshore breeding system. Compared with the method of reducing the garbage concentration by the self-cleaning ability of the water body, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system described in the present application can effectively reduce the garbage concentration in a short time, thereby shortening the water purification time.

[0150] At the same time, since the bottom of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed, a very stable basic environment is formed, so that the production and life support system located above the water surface can be rooted on a very stable foundation when providing electricity, and the above-mentioned aquaculture waters are relatively calm waters, so that the production and life support system, such as power equipment, facilities, sites or factories, can be set on the waters or on the safety wave-breaking system 5. Compared with Deep Blue No. 1, the stability of the production and life support system when working is greatly improved;

[0151] The safety wave elimination system 5 can be equipped with wind power equipment. When the offshore aquaculture device is provided with a power generation module 65, the wind power equipment on the safety wave elimination system 5 can provide a certain amount of power compensation for the offshore aquaculture device to increase the power supply guarantee of the offshore aquaculture device. At the same time, the wind power equipment can also provide power guarantee for the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system and the production and life guarantee system.

[0152] At the same time, some offshore aquaculture devices can also be flexibly connected to the safety wave-breaking system 5.

[0153] In a normalized severe windy and wavey sea environment (wave height of 10-20m), since at least a portion of the safety wave-breaking system 5 (the bottom is fixed to the seabed 39 or riverbed) is fixed to the seabed 39 or riverbed, the breeding area 61 in the middle of the safety wave-breaking system 5 can still maintain a normalized stable, quiet water environment suitable for fish growth.

[0154] Moreover, the offshore aquaculture system described in the present application includes a production and life support system, which can provide the necessary electricity, facilities, venues or factories for the life and production of the offshore aquaculture system to ensure the overall operation of large or super-large offshore aquaculture systems.

[0155] The water depth at the offshore aquaculture device generally ranges from 20 to 80 m, and the most preferred water depth is 25 to 35 m.

[0156] The breeding area 61 has an area of ​​1 to 20 km 2 The offshore aquaculture system described in this application is more suitable for large-scale aquaculture, and the area of ​​a single aquaculture area 61 can reach 1 to 20 km 2 , enabling offshore aquaculture systems to fix carbon. Specifically, multiple offshore aquaculture devices can not only fully guarantee sufficient food supply for humans, but also store at least 100 million tons of carbon dioxide each year. Moreover, the carbon dioxide is inert and can be stored in seawater for thousands of years. This is impossible on land. This can effectively reduce excess carbon dioxide and excessive greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, and can effectively reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, thereby effectively helping the natural ecology to recover.

[0157] The continental shelf offshore aquaculture water body of tens of millions of cubic meters is a large deep-sea aquaculture base, which includes four subsystems:

[0158] 1. The wave-breaking safety system includes fixed wave-breaking facilities, which have a wave-breaking capacity of more than 80% and a water permeability of 10-20%. Floating wave breakers can be set up as a supplementary measure in strong wave directions to provide a safe environment for aquaculture personnel, aquaculture facilities, and farmed fish by controlling disastrous ocean waves.

[0159] 2. Intelligent photovoltaic farming system provides a growth environment for fish.

[0160] 3. The aquaculture environment monitoring and maintenance system is very important. This system preferably considers the use of two systems. One is a protection system based on intelligent monitoring, automated cleaning, and harmless treatment. The other is a protection system that can be considered to build an ecological chain suitable for large-scale aquaculture based on seaweed cultivation, and achieve natural balance through the ecosystem.

[0161] 4. The production and life support system includes the use of wave-breaking facilities as the infrastructure for the construction of wind power facilities, the construction of land-based aquaculture camps to provide accommodation for no less than 300 people, spare parts warehouse facilities, the construction of seawater desalination facilities, the construction of aquaculture ship bases, the construction of sewage treatment facilities, etc.; the construction of a 30,000-50,000 square meter floating factory on the sea to realize on-site product processing and temporary cold chain storage and preservation.

[0162] Example 3

[0163] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, an offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment, based on Example 2, the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system includes a hull 611 and a cleaning device 612 located in the aquaculture area 61, and the cleaning device 612 is used to collect underwater garbage and transport it to the hull 611 through a connecting pipe 613.

[0164] The cleaning and maintenance system described in this embodiment collects underwater garbage in the breeding area 61 through the cleaning device 612 and transports it to the hull 611 through the connecting pipe 613 to achieve the purpose of cleaning the water quality in the breeding area 61.

[0165] Specifically, the hull 611 is provided with a pump body 615 and a filtering device 616. The pump body 615 is connected to the connecting pipe 613. The cleaning device 612 is provided with a water inlet connected to the connecting pipe 613. Water can enter the connecting pipe 613 through the water inlet. The pump body 615 is used to provide power, which can enable the water to enter the filtering device 616 from the water inlet through the connecting pipe 613. The hull 611 is also provided with a drain port 617 connected to the filtering device 616. The water filtered by the filtering device 616 is discharged from the hull 611 through the drain port 617.

[0166] The hull 611 is provided with a pump body 615 and a filter device 616. The pump body 615 is used to provide power so that underwater garbage and a part of water in the breeding area 61 enter the filter device 616 from the water inlet through the connecting pipe 613 for filtration, and the underwater garbage is left in the hull 611 for treatment. The water filtered by the filter device 616 is discharged from the hull 611 through the drain port 617 and returns to the breeding area 61 or near the breeding area 61.

[0167] Specifically, the connecting pipe 613 is a flexible pipe, and the cleaning device 612 is provided with a power device for moving the cleaning device 612. The cleaning device 612 has a power device and can move itself, and can move to the water area below the offshore aquaculture device 6 for cleaning. The filtering device 616 includes a plurality of interconnected filtering tanks, and a filter screen is provided between adjacent filtering tanks to block garbage and allow water to pass.

[0168] Example 4

[0169] The offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 2 or 3 in that the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system includes seaweed, and at least a portion of the seaweed is located below the net cage 64. Based on seaweed cultivation, an ecological chain suitable for large-scale aquaculture is constructed, and the natural balance of the offshore aquaculture system is achieved through the ecosystem.

[0170] Example 5

[0171] like Figure 9-12As shown, the offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment is different from that of Embodiment 2, 3 or 4 in that: a secondary wave-breaking device 63 is also provided inside the safety wave-breaking system 5, and the secondary wave-breaking device 63 is close to the portion of the safety wave-breaking system 5 located on the wave-facing side. By providing at least two layers of facilities for wave-breaking on the wave-facing side (the safety wave-breaking system 5 is a primary wave-breaking device), while ensuring that a sufficient amount of water flows through the portion of the safety wave-breaking system 5 located on the wave-facing side, the waves that pass through the safety wave-breaking system 5 are reduced again, so as to reduce the wave height in the aquaculture area 61 as much as possible, thereby providing a calmer water area for the cultured animals. Specifically, the secondary wave-breaking device 63 includes one or a combination of floating breakwaters, fixed breakwaters or underwater organisms arranged in rows. The structure of the fixed breakwater is preferably consistent with that of the safety wave dissipation system 5. The wave-facing side and the wave-repelling side in the above scheme are both directional descriptions. The wave-facing side is the area where the main wave acts on the safety wave dissipation system 5. The wave-facing side should be the direction of wind and waves in most cases. The wave-facing side is also called the strong main wave side. Figure 9-12 As shown, its range is related to the direction of the waves and the shape of the safety wave-breaking system 5.

[0172] Example 6

[0173] like Figure 7-12 As shown, in an offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment, the safety wave-breaking system 5 in Embodiment 2, 3, 4, or 5 is specifically: the safety wave-breaking system 5 outside the aquaculture area 61 is a wave-breaking dam that is entirely surrounded by a plurality of foundations 3 arranged at intervals, or is partially surrounded by a plurality of foundations 3 arranged at intervals and connected with other fixed structures,

[0174] A first channel 62 for water flow is provided between adjacent foundations 3, and the lower part of the foundation 3 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed. The breeding area 61 is an area where the breeding modules 6 can be placed.

[0175] One scheme of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is a wave-breaking dam that is entirely surrounded by a number of foundations 3 arranged at intervals. Another scheme of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is a part that is surrounded by a number of foundations 3 arranged at intervals and other fixed structures. The other fixed structures are one or more of the islands 72, reefs, artificial islands, offshore artificial platforms, and cofferdams.

[0176] The safety wave-breaking system 5 surrounds the outside of the aquaculture area 61, and a buffer zone 619 is provided between the aquaculture module 6 and the corresponding adjacent safety wave-breaking system 5. The buffer zone 619 provides a buffer area between the aquaculture module 6 and the corresponding adjacent safety wave-breaking system 5, which can further buffer small waves passing through the safety wave-breaking system 5, so as to further reduce the wave height in the aquaculture area. Figure 10-12As shown, the dotted line of the sea area enclosed by all the aquaculture modules 6 is set as the aquaculture area boundary line 620.

[0177] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the distance between adjacent foundations 3 of the safety wave-breaking system 5 located on the wave-facing side is C1, and the distance between adjacent foundations 3 of the safety wave-breaking system 5 located on the wave-repelling side is C2, and C1<C2. The safety wave-breaking system 5 located on the wave-facing side is more inclined to break waves, so the distance between adjacent foundations 3 of this part is smaller, and the safety wave-breaking system 5 located on the wave-repelling side is more inclined to water exchange on both sides of the safety wave-breaking system 5, so the distance between adjacent foundations 3 of the safety wave-breaking system 5 located on the wave-repelling side is larger.

[0178] On the basis of the above, a further preferred method is as follows Fig.34 As shown by the middle arrow, the first channel 62 is a multi-bend channel. The multi-bend channel is a channel with at least three bends. By setting the first channel 62 as a multi-bend channel, the forward path of the wave can be changed to a multi-bend path, thereby achieving the purpose of both reducing the wave height and allowing a certain amount of water to pass through the safety wave dissipation system 5.

[0179] The water permeability t of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is: within a certain length, the sum of the flow rates of the longitudinal sections of all the first channels 62 of the safety wave-breaking system 5 located within the length is S1. If there is no safety wave-breaking system 5, the sum of the flow rates of the longitudinal sections within the length is S2, t=S1 / S2. When the water permeability t of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is 2% to 35%, it can ensure a good wave-breaking effect (more than 70%) and a good water quality exchange effect on both sides of the safety wave-breaking system 5. Furthermore, if Figure 13-16 As shown, when the water permeability t of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is 5% to 20%, it can not only ensure a good wave-breaking effect (more than 90%), but also ensure a good water quality exchange effect on both sides of the safety wave-breaking system 5, which is far better than the 30% to 40% wave-breaking effect of the floating safety wave-breaking system.

[0180] like Fig.32 and 32-1As shown, a wave-breaking box 54 is provided on the top of the adjacent foundation 3. The wave-breaking box 54 is used to form the adjacent foundation 3 into a whole, which not only reduces the overtopping of waves and prevents the waves from rolling over from the top, but also increases the coordinated force of the safety wave-breaking system 5, and the overall stability is better during extreme weather in the open sea. The adjacent foundations 3 are formed into a whole by the wave-breaking box 54, so that the entire structure is more stable and has better impact resistance. At the same time, the wave-breaking box 54 of a certain height can increase the purpose of the safety wave-breaking system 5 described in this embodiment to reduce higher waves. Moreover, a plurality of functional rooms, passages and other places are provided in the wave-breaking box 54 for daily life and work. As shown Fig.32 As shown, the wave-breaking box 54 is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of box units 53. The wave-breaking box 54 is provided with a plurality of functional rooms and passages, and the passages can be used for pedestrians or vehicles.

[0181] The foundation 3 is also provided with a wave-blocking arm 41 extending toward the adjacent foundation 3. The wave-blocking arm 41 forms the first channel 62 with the foundation 3 on the other side. The wave-blocking arm 41 can effectively reduce the outer diameter of the foundation 3, especially the outer diameter when the foundation 3 is a circular cross section, while keeping the first channel 62 unchanged, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing and installation cost and construction period of the foundation 3. The wave-blocking arm 41 reduces the net width of the channel adjacent to the foundation 3 to increase the flow length of the water particles caused by the waves inside and outside the safety wave-breaking system 5, thereby playing a role in rapidly consuming wave energy. The combination of the foundation 3 and the wave-blocking arm 41 is used to reduce the channel area of ​​the wave, while changing the wave forward path, increasing the flow length of the wave water particles, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the wave height. At the same time, since the wave-blocking arm 41 can only reduce the net width of the channel adjacent to the foundation 3, but does not completely isolate the channel adjacent to the foundation 3, the air permeability on both sides of the safety wave-breaking system 5 described in the present application can be effectively guaranteed, thereby achieving the purpose of being water-permeable but not wave-permeable, thereby greatly reducing the impact on the marine ecological environment.

[0182] The wave-blocking arm 41 can be one or two, or multiple. In this case, a more optimal solution is: Fig.34 As shown, the forward path of the wave is changed into a multi-bend path, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the wave height.

[0183] On the basis of the above, a further preferred embodiment is that a wave-blocking arm 42 is further provided at the lower part of the wave-blocking arm 41, and the wave-blocking arm 42 is flexibly or detachably connected to at least one side of the foundation 3, wherein the detachable connection includes hanging, buckling or bolting. During use, a part of the wave-blocking arm 41 is located above the water surface 37, and the other part is located below the water surface 37, and the wave-blocking arm 42 is completely located below the water surface 37.

[0184] When waves impact the safety wave-breaking system 5 described in this embodiment, the main structure of the safety wave-breaking system 5 is formed by the interval-arranged foundations 3, and then a wave-blocking arm 41 for wave-breaking is arranged between the adjacent foundations 3. The wave-blocking arm 41 is used to reduce the net width of the channel of the adjacent foundations 3, and the combination of the foundation 3 and the wave-blocking arm 41 is used to reduce the channel area of ​​the waves, and at the same time, the wave forward path is changed, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the wave height. At the same time, since the wave-blocking arm 41 can only reduce the net width of the channel between the adjacent foundations 3, and does not completely isolate the channel of the adjacent foundations 3, the air permeability of the two sides of the safety wave-breaking system 5 described in this application can be effectively guaranteed, thereby achieving the purpose of being water-permeable but not wave-permeable, thereby greatly reducing the impact on the marine ecological environment. At the same time, the swing of the underwater wave-blocking arm 42 is used to disrupt the underwater waves so that they can cooperate with the wave-blocking arm 41, which can achieve a better wave-breaking effect and will not have a significant impact on the water permeability.

[0185] Since the second wave-blocking arm 42 is located at the lower part of the first wave-blocking arm 41, the second wave-blocking arm 42 is often below the water surface 37. The second wave-blocking arm 42 is flexibly connected to at least one side of the foundation 3, so that when the surge waves below the low water surface 37 hit the second wave-blocking arm 42, the second wave-blocking arm 42 swings, thereby disturbing the surge waves below the low water surface 37, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the intensity of the surge waves below the water surface 37.

[0186] There is a gap between the second wave-blocking arm 42 and the adjacent foundation 3, so that the second wave-blocking arm 42 can also achieve the purpose of being water-permeable but not wave-permeable, thereby greatly reducing the impact on the marine ecological environment.

[0187] Specifically, an attachment 43 is provided on the foundation 3, and a first flexible member 44 is correspondingly connected to the second wave-blocking arm 42. The second wave-blocking arm 42 is flexibly connected to at least one side of the foundation 3 through the first flexible member 44, and the first flexible member 44 is detachably connected to the corresponding attachment 43. The difficulty of underwater installation by the installer can be greatly reduced. The first flexible member 44 is a flexible rope or a spring rope, and the outer side of the flexible rope or the spring rope can be wrapped with anti-corrosion plastic to increase the anti-corrosion probability of the flexible rope or the spring rope.

[0188] On the basis of the above, a further preferred embodiment is that the second wave-breaking arm 42 includes wave-breaking arm units 45 arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and the first flexible member 44 is connected to the wave-breaking arm unit 45. During installation, the wave-breaking arm unit 45 can be installed separately underwater, which is easier to manufacture and install than the overall underwater installation of the second wave-breaking arm 42.

[0189] like Fig.36 As shown, the wave-blocking arm unit 45 is a plate body ( Fig.36 middle b), sphere ( Fig.36 c) or cylinder ( Fig.36 In a), when the wave-blocking arm unit 45 is a cylinder, the two ends of the wave-blocking arm unit 45 are open. Thereby increasing the swinging mass of the wave-blocking arm unit 45 to achieve a better wave-breaking effect. The upper part of the wave-blocking arm 2 42 is vertically connected with a third flexible member 453 for vertically fixing the wave-blocking arm 2 42. The upper part of the third flexible member 453 is connected to the upper part of the foundation 3, preferably the part of the foundation 3 located above the water surface 37.

[0190] By prefabricating and installing the foundation 3, the wave-breaking arm 41 and the wave-breaking box 54, if the cross section of the foundation 3 is circular, the length of the wave-breaking box 54 is equal to the diameter of the foundation 3, and it spans the middle to middle position of the foundation 3, and a vertical wave-breaking arm 41 is set between the foundations 3 to form a levee as a whole. The plane diameter of the foundation 3 is 18 to 40m, and the net spacing is 0.5 to 4m. After the installation of the foundation 3 is completed, the foundation 3 is capped with cast-in-place concrete. A protective tank 48 is set at the bottom of the foundation 3. To form passive earth pressure, it works in conjunction with the gravity of the foundation 3 to resist environmental forces under extreme sea conditions. Before the installation of the prefabricated concrete wave-breaking box 54, a layer of concrete 47 is cast on the top of the foundation 3 to flush and compensate for the construction deviation of the foundation 3 and the differential settlement after construction. Among them, the construction deviation includes the vertical deviation and the inclination deviation when the foundation 3 stops sinking. The stability of the wave-breaking box 54 is achieved through its own wall thickness and the lateral limit device to achieve its own anti-slip stability in extreme weather. A wave-blocking arm 2 42 is selectively suspended from the lower portion of the wave-blocking arm 1 41 .

[0191] The foundation 3 can be a solid column, but when the outer diameter of the foundation 3 needs to exceed more than ten meters, or when the water depth is too deep, the dead weight is too large, and the requirements for transportation equipment are particularly high. The solid column cannot be applied. At this time, an optimized solution is: Fig. 22 and 23 As shown, the foundation 3 adopts a cylinder 30 structure. The cylinder 30 can be of a uniform cross section or a variable cross section with a small top and a large bottom along the direction perpendicular to the length. The cross section of the cylinder 30 along the direction perpendicular to the length is a circular, rectangular or polygonal shape. The lower part of the cylinder 30 is fixed to the seabed or riverbed, and the upper end of the cylinder 30 is located above the water surface. The cylinder 30 is filled with a first filler 31 to increase the deadweight of the cylinder, so that the structure of the cylinder 30 is more stable. The first filler 31 is silt, medium-coarse sand, etc., which is more environmentally friendly and thus saves costs. The cylinder 30 preferably adopts a large-diameter steel cylinder, a large-diameter combined steel cylinder, a large-diameter reinforced concrete cylinder and other structures. The large diameter means that the outer diameter of the cylinder is generally ≥16m. According to the specific seabed geology, soft soil strata, uniform and dense strata, silt strata and hard or heterogeneous strata, vibration sinking, air curtain high-pressure water jet sinking, suction cylinder negative pressure sinking and excavation of foundation trench prefabrication installation methods are used for construction.

[0192] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, an air curtain 35 and a high-pressure water facility 34 are provided at the lower part of the cylinder 30. During the sinking process of the cylinder 30, the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 are turned on. The high-pressure water facility 34 is used to reduce the end resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30, and the air curtain 35 is used to reduce the side resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30. Among them, the high-pressure water facility 34 is preferably a high-pressure water gun. Furthermore, a GPS and / or an inclinometer are installed at the upper part of the cylinder 30, and the inclination of the cylinder 30 is adjusted by using the GPS and / or the inclinometer, the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35. For example: Fig.31 As shown, when the cylinder 30 sinks and tilts to the right, the pressure of the left high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is increased, or the pressure of the right high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is reduced. By adjusting the pressure released by the drag reduction facilities at different parts of the bottom of the barrel, combined with the monitoring data feedback from the inclinometer or GPS of the cylinder 30, the sinking posture of the cylinder 30 can be dynamically adjusted.

[0193] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the barrel 30 includes at least two barrel units arranged vertically in sequence, and the connection of adjacent barrel units is sealed and joined, and the sealed connection of the connection includes connection or crimping to prevent the first filler from leaking out of the connection of adjacent barrel units. Specifically, the connection of adjacent barrel units is concave-convex fitting connection.

[0194] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the bottom end surface of the cylinder 30 is provided with a base extending inward and outward, the part of the base extending outward from the cylinder 30 is the outer extension part 331, and the part of the base extending inward from the cylinder is the inner extension part 335. The second filler 392 buried on the seabed, or the outer side of the lower part of the cylinder is provided with a tank guard 310 to press the outer extension part 331. At the same time, the first filler 31 filled in the cylinder 30 is used to press the inner extension part 335, so that the cylinder 30 is more stably fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed.

[0195] A specific structure of the cylinder 30 is as follows: Fig.17 , 17-2 As shown in Figures 19, 19-3, 19-4, 21 and 21-2, the cylinder 30 is a concrete cylinder structure 312, which is filled with a first filler 31. The upper and lower ends of the cylinder 30 are open, that is, not closed, to facilitate the sinking of the cylinder 30 and the filling. The concrete cylinder structure 312 is preferably a cylinder made of reinforced concrete material, and its cross section can be circular, elliptical, square or polygonal, and in its length direction, it can also be a uniform cross section or a variable cross section.

[0196] Another specific structure of the cylinder 30 is as follows: Fig.17 , 17-1As shown in , 19, 19-1, 19-2, 21 and 21-1, the cylinder 30 is a steel cylinder structure 313, which is filled with a first filler. The upper and lower ends of the steel cylinder structure 313 are open, that is, not closed, to facilitate the sinking and filling of the steel cylinder structure 313. The concrete cylinder structure 312 is preferably a cylinder made of reinforced concrete material, and its cross section can be circular, elliptical, square or polygonal, and in its length direction, it can also be a uniform cross section or a variable cross section.

[0197] The part of the safety wave-breaking system on the wave-facing side is higher than the part on the wave-back side, making the overall cost of the offshore aquaculture system lower.

[0198] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the safety wave-breaking system 5 is provided with an entrance and exit 503 and an extension 505 extending toward the outside of the safety wave-breaking system, the extension 505 is located on the side of the entrance and exit 503 close to the direction of the sea current, and the extension 505 can enable the entrance and exit 503 for ships to enter and exit to achieve a wave-breaking effect along the direction of the sea current. The entrance and exit 503 is an entrance or an exit, or can be used as both an entrance and an exit. The number of entrances and exits 503 is not limited, generally 1-3, and all are installed on the back-wave side of the safety wave-breaking system 5.

[0199] Example 7

[0200] like Fig.18 , 18-1 , 20, 20-1, 20-2, 22 and 22-1, the offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment is different from that in embodiment 6 in that: this embodiment discloses another structural form of the cylinder 30, that is, the cylinder 30 is a combined cylinder form: Fig.23As shown, the cylinder 30 includes a combined cylinder structure composed of a concrete cylinder 32 and a steel cylinder 33 arranged in sequence along the length direction of the cylinder 30. The concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are both filled with the first filler 31. The concrete cylinder 32 is located above the steel cylinder 33. The connection between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 is closed and joined. The closed joint includes connection and crimping to prevent the filler in the cylinder from leaking out of the cylinder through the connection. When in use, the steel cylinder 33 is completely submerged in water, a part of the concrete cylinder 32 is located above the water surface 37, and the other part is located below the water surface 37. The lower part of the steel cylinder 33 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed. The combined cylinder form formed by the steel cylinder 33 and the concrete cylinder 32 solves the corrosion problem in the splash zone through the concrete cylinder 32, and at the same time, the steel cylinder 33 can adapt to more geological conditions. At the same time, the combined cylinder combines the advantages of the heavy weight of the upper concrete cylinder 32 (because the strength-to-weight ratio of concrete is small, and part of the water surface 37 is dry bulk density) and the small sinking friction resistance of the lower steel cylinder 33 in the underwater soil (thin wall); the lower steel cylinder 33 has better tensile performance than the upper concrete cylinder 32. After the first filler 31 is filled, the side pressure of the cylinder increases with the depth of the combined cylinder. The steel cylinder 33 is arranged at the lower part of the combined cylinder to better meet the characteristics of the increase in cylinder wall tension caused by the circumferential tension of the cylinder 30, so that the overall combined cylinder has better structural performance. Among them, the steel cylinder 33 is filled with the first filler 31, and the concrete cylinder 32 is filled with the first filler 31 or partially filled with the first filler 31, depending on whether the foundation 3 itself is stable enough under the action of wind, waves and currents.

[0201] The two ends of the concrete cylinder 32 are open and cannot be closed. The two ends of the steel cylinder 33 are also open. The concrete cylinder 32 is preferably a reinforced concrete cylinder. According to the wave height of the water surface 37, the length of the concrete cylinder 32 along its length direction is H, 7m≤H≤30m, so that it meets the height direction from +2 to +12m above the water surface 37 to -15 to -5m below the water surface 37, so as to meet the general use of a foundation 3 of this embodiment on the sea. The side wall of the concrete cylinder 32 is an I-shaped section along its axial direction, which is used to increase the overall strength of the concrete cylinder 32.

[0202] The concrete cylinder 32 is preferably made of reinforced concrete, and its cross-section can be circular, elliptical, square or polygonal, and can be of uniform cross-section or of variable cross-section in its length direction; the cross-section of the steel cylinder 33 is preferably circular, elliptical, square or polygonal, and can be of uniform cross-section or of variable cross-section in its length direction.

[0203] When a wave-blocking arm 41 is provided on the foundation 3, the concrete cylinder 32 and the wave-blocking arm 41 are preferably prefabricated as a whole, and both are concrete structures. On this basis, the wave-blocking arm 41 includes a vertically arranged column structure, so that the concrete cylinder 32 and the wave-blocking arm 41 are better demoulded when they are prefabricated as a whole. Specifically, the cross section of the column structure is preferably rectangular, trapezoidal, toothed, arc-shaped, or triangular.

[0204] On the basis of the above, a further preferred method is as follows Fig.32 As shown, a wave-blocking arm 2 42 is further provided at the lower part of the wave-blocking arm 1 41, and the wave-blocking arm 2 42 is flexibly and / or detachably connected to the steel cylinder 33 on at least one side, wherein the detachable connection includes hanging, buckling or bolting. During use, a part of the wave-blocking arm 1 41 is located above the water surface 37, and the other part is located below the water surface 37, and the wave-blocking arm 2 42 is entirely located below the water surface 37.

[0205] Since the second wave-blocking arm 42 is located at the lower part of the first wave-blocking arm 41, the second wave-blocking arm 42 is often below the water surface 37. The second wave-blocking arm 42 is flexibly connected to the steel cylinder 33 on at least one side, so that when the surge waves below the low water surface 37 hit the second wave-blocking arm 42, the second wave-blocking arm 42 swings, thereby disturbing the surge waves below the low water surface 37, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the intensity of the surge waves below the water surface 37.

[0206] There is a gap between the second wave-blocking arm 42 and the adjacent steel cylinder 33, so that the second wave-blocking arm 42 can also achieve the purpose of being water-permeable but not wave-permeable, thereby greatly reducing the impact on the marine ecological environment.

[0207] like Fig.33 As shown, an attachment 43 is provided on the steel cylinder 33, and a first flexible member 44 is correspondingly connected to the second wave-blocking arm 42. The second wave-blocking arm 42 is flexibly connected to at least one side of the steel cylinder 33 through the first flexible member 44, and the first flexible member 44 is hooked or buckled with the corresponding attachment 43. Compared with the method of welding the second wave-blocking arm 42 to the steel cylinder 33, the installation difficulty of the installer under water can be greatly reduced by hooking the first flexible member 44 to the corresponding attachment 43, and this form also effectively avoids the problem of large deformation of the steel cylinder 33 caused by large-area welding between the second wave-blocking arm 42 and the steel cylinder 33. The first flexible member 44 is a flexible rope or a spring rope, and the outer side of the flexible rope or the spring rope can be wrapped with anti-corrosion plastic to increase the anti-corrosion probability of the flexible rope or the spring rope.

[0208] like Figure 26-28As shown, based on the above, in a further preferred embodiment, the maximum outer diameter of the steel cylinder 33 is 20.5m≤R1≤40m. The wall thickness of the steel cylinder 33 is T1, 0.01m≤T1≤0.12m. The maximum outer diameter R1 of the steel cylinder 33 of the present application is ≥20.5m, while the wall thickness T1 is only 0.01m≤T1≤0.12m, so that the steel cylinder 33 can produce a "cloth bag" effect, especially when the wall thickness T1 is only 0.01m≤T1≤0.05m, the "cloth bag" effect is more significant. It combines the advantages of large monopile and traditional gravity breakwater (revetment): Since the materials used for large monopile are concrete or steel and other materials, and the steel cylinder 33 of this embodiment is filled with more first filler 31, such as silt, medium-coarse sand, etc., it is more environmentally friendly and thus saves costs; further, compared with the first filler of the traditional gravity breakwater (revetment) which is a three-dimensional structure with a large bottom and a small top formed by free collapse, the cylindrical structure of the steel cylinder 33 of the present application can save more than two-thirds of the internal first filler 31. At the same time, Fig.15 As shown, the first filler 31 will generate normal earth pressure on the wall of the steel cylinder 33. Fig.16 As shown, a micro-segment study on the wall of the steel cylinder 33 shows that due to the "cloth bag" effect of the steel cylinder 33, the normal soil pressure brings about a circumferential tension on the wall of the steel cylinder 33, so that the first filler 31 inside the steel cylinder 33 and the steel cylinder 33 form an integral effect. The tension brings additional stiffness to the steel cylinder 33, just like a cloth bag filled with sand, thereby enhancing the structural stiffness and overall stability of the steel cylinder 33.

[0209] On the basis of the above, a further preferred method is that the wall thickness of the concrete cylinder 32 is T2, 10≤T2 / T1≤200. Under the condition of the same outer diameter specification, since the wall thickness required for the steel cylinder 33 is much smaller than the wall thickness of the concrete cylinder 32, the overall weight of the foundation 3 of the present application is much lighter than that of the reinforced concrete cylinder with the same outer diameter specification, thereby enabling more existing prefabricated construction processes and equipment to meet its transportation and sinking construction.

[0210] like Figure 24-28As shown, on the basis of the above, a further preferred method is that a groove 322 is provided around the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32, and a protrusion 332 is provided on the top of the steel cylinder 33. The protrusion 332 cooperates with the groove 322 to achieve a closed connection between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33, specifically a connection or crimping, to prevent the first filler 31 from leaking out of the connection between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33. The groove 322 is filled with a flexible filling layer 323. During construction, due to construction errors, the protrusion 332 of the top of the steel cylinder 33 inserted into the groove 322 cannot be completely and accurately matched with the groove 322. At this time, the groove 322 is filled with a flexible filling layer 323, which can achieve a better sealing effect between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33. At the same time, because the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are generally large in size, during the installation of the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33, when the groove 322 and the protrusion 332 are installed in coordination, they can play a shock-absorbing role to reduce the impact and vibration between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33. Specifically, the flexible filling layer 323 includes materials such as asphalt and rubber.

[0211] When the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are hoisted as a whole, an embedded part is arranged at the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32, and the concrete cylinder 32 is connected to the steel cylinder 33 through the embedded part. It can also be used as a specific measure to limit the lateral movement of the concrete cylinder 32 relative to the steel cylinder 33.

[0212] Beneficial effects of this embodiment: A foundation 3 of the present application adopts a combination of an upper concrete cylinder and a lower steel cylinder. The concrete cylinder is located in the above-water area and the water level change area, i.e., the splash zone, and the part located in the above-water area also serves as a cap for the upper structure. The steel cylinder is located in the submerged area (i.e., below the water surface 37) and the buried area (i.e., the seabed 39 or the riverbed), and the buried area also serves as a construction sinking structure.

[0213] The steel cylinder 33 and the concrete cylinder 32 are permanently connected through the groove reserved in the concrete cylinder 32 and its own weight (because the concrete cylinder 32 is on top, the gravity is downward).

[0214] The system stiffness comes from the combination of concrete and steel structure, as well as the geometric stiffness brought by the lateral earth pressure of the internal fill.

[0215] The construction is convenient and the construction cost is low. Because the concrete cylinder 32 provides its own weight, its vertical I-shaped section strengthens the system stiffness during construction (this is particularly important for construction under long-period wave conditions in the open sea). The steel cylinder 33 has a thin wall, a large diameter, and a wall-to-diameter ratio t / D that is smaller than any existing structure. Therefore, the "soil squeezing effect" existing at the ends of other piles or caissons can be avoided during sinking. Moreover, during sinking, the lateral soil friction between the steel wall of the steel cylinder 33 and the soil layer is smaller than that of the concrete wall. In summary, the cost of construction measures to assist sinking can be minimized. In addition, the above-mentioned points can also optimize the disturbance to the land, and the soil strength recovers quickly after sinking, which is conducive to obtaining higher stability of the cylinder 30 in the offshore environment.

[0216] From the perspective of material use, this scheme combines the advantages of steel and concrete structures. The corrosion problem in the water level change area and the splash zone is serious. The concrete structure has good anti-corrosion performance. The concrete cylinder is set at a height interval covering this range. The lateral pressure of the filling in the cylinder increases with the depth. The circumferential tension of the cylinder causes the tension of the cylinder wall to increase. The steel structure is set at the bottom. The overall structural performance is excellent.

[0217] like Fig.30 As shown, on the basis of the above, a further preferred method is that an air curtain 35 and a high-pressure water facility 34 are provided at the lower part of the steel cylinder 33. During the sinking process of the cylinder 30, the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 are turned on. The high-pressure water facility 34 is used to reduce the end resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30, and the air curtain 35 is used to reduce the side resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30. Among them, the high-pressure water facility 34 is preferably a high-pressure water gun. Furthermore, a GPS and / or an inclinometer are installed on the upper part of the cylinder 30, and the inclination of the cylinder 30 is adjusted by using the GPS and / or the inclinometer, the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35. For example: Fig.31 As shown, when the cylinder 30 sinks and tilts to the right, the pressure of the left high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is increased, or the pressure of the right high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is reduced. By adjusting the pressure released by the drag reduction facilities at different parts of the bottom of the barrel, combined with the monitoring data feedback from the inclinometer or GPS of the cylinder 30, the sinking posture of the cylinder 30 can be dynamically adjusted.

[0218] like Fig.38 As shown, on the basis of the above, a further preferred embodiment is that the concrete cylinder 32 includes at least two reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 vertically arranged in sequence, and the connection between adjacent reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 is closed and joined, and the closed connection includes connection or crimping to prevent the first filler from leaking out from the connection between adjacent reinforced concrete cylinder units 321.

[0219] The wave dissipation adopts a cylinder 30. According to the diameter of the cylinder 30, the specific seabed geology, soft soil layer, uniform and dense layer, silt layer and hard or heterogeneous layer, vibration sinking, air curtain high pressure water jetting sinking, suction cylinder negative pressure sinking and excavation foundation trench prefabrication installation method are respectively used for construction. The following introduces a preferred static sinking construction method. S1. The concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are prefabricated separately and transported to the vicinity of the installation position respectively. Compared with the existing integrally prefabricated reinforced concrete cylinder or steel cylinder, the single-piece prefabricated The manufacturing specifications are greatly reduced, the difficulty of prefabrication is greatly reduced, and compared with the integrally prefabricated reinforced concrete cylinder, the requirements for transportation tools are greatly reduced; S2. Connect the concrete cylinder 32 to the top of the steel cylinder 33 to form a cylinder body 30; S3. Lift the cylinder body 30 as a whole to the installation position; S4. Lower the cylinder body 30 so that the cylinder body 30 sinks to the designed elevation by its own weight, wherein a part of the concrete cylinder 32 is submerged in the water surface 37, and the steel cylinder 33 is completely submerged in the water surface 37. At this time, the lower part of the cylinder body 30 is provided with a high The high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 are provided with a GPS and / or an inclinometer on the upper part of the cylinder 30. During the sinking process of the cylinder 30, the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 are turned on. The high-pressure water facility 34 is used to reduce the end resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30, and the air curtain 35 is used to reduce the side resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30. The inclination of the cylinder 30 is adjusted by using the GPS and / or the inclinometer, the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35, and the inclination of the cylinder is actively controlled to be 0.2-2%; S5 .Fill the first filler 31 in the cylinder 30. If the first filler 31 includes silt, at least part of the silt can be solidified to increase the stability and integrity of the foundation 3 described in this application; S6.After the cylinder 30 settles and stabilizes, pour a compensating concrete cushion 38 on the top of the cylinder 30 to the designed elevation of the top of the cylinder 30. It can sink to the designed elevation by its own weight and be installed in place. Compared with the integral prefabricated steel cylinder that requires special vibration equipment to vibrate and sink, it greatly reduces the construction cost and construction difficulty. At least 4 groups of high-pressure water facilities 34 and air curtains 35 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the cylinder 30.

[0220] Example 8

[0221] In the offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment, the lower part of the foundation 3 in Embodiment 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed in the following preferred manner:

[0222] Method 1: The lower part of the foundation 3 is inserted into the seabed 39, specifically taking the cylinder 30 as an example, Figure 17-1 As shown, the bottom of the steel cylinder structure 313 is inserted into the seabed 39 or riverbed, such as Figure 17-2 As shown, the bottom of the concrete cylinder structure 312 is inserted into the seabed 39 or riverbed, such as Figure 18-1 As shown, the cylinder 30 is a combined cylinder, and the lower part of the lower steel cylinder 33 is inserted into the seabed 39 or the riverbed. Fig.25 As shown, the lower part of the cylinder 30 is inserted into the seabed 39 or the riverbed. When waves or sea winds apply lateral external loads F to the upper part of the cylinder 30, 外 The soil below the seabed or riverbed can exert an external load F on the cylinder 30. 外 The opposite passive earth pressure F 被 , so that the overall deadweight of the cylinder 30 described in this embodiment can provide an external load F 外 Most of the resistance capacity can meet the requirements without providing resistance to external loads F 外 The total resistance of the cylinder 30 can be effectively reduced under the same force requirements. Specifically, during use, the gravity of the cylinder 30 accounts for about 80% of the resistance, and the passive earth pressure F 被 It accounts for about 20% of the resistance.

[0223] Method 2: A guard 310 is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the foundation 3. Specifically, taking the cylinder 30 as an example, the guard 310 is provided on the seabed 39 or the riverbed. At this time, whether the lower part of the cylinder 30 is inserted into the seabed 39 or the riverbed can be selected according to the on-site conditions, such as Figure 19-1 As shown, the bottom of the steel cylinder structure 313 is inserted into the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and a guard tank 310 is arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the steel cylinder structure 313. Figure 19-2 As shown, the bottom of the steel cylinder structure 313 is placed on the seabed 39 or riverbed, and a guard tank 310 is arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the steel cylinder structure 313, as shown in FIG. Figure 19-3 As shown, the bottom of the concrete cylinder structure 312 is inserted into the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and a guard tank 310 is arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the concrete cylinder structure 312. Figure 19-4 As shown, the bottom of the concrete cylinder structure 312 is placed on the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and a guard tank 310 is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the concrete cylinder structure 312. Figure 20-1 As shown, the cylinder 30 is a combined cylinder, in which the lower part of the lower steel cylinder 33 is inserted into the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and a guard tank 310 is arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the steel cylinder 33, as shown in FIG. Figure 20-2 As shown, the cylinder 30 is a combined cylinder, in which the lower steel cylinder 33 is placed on the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and a tank guard 310 is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the steel cylinder 33 .

[0224] Method 3: If Fig.21 and 22As shown, the bottom end surface of the foundation 3 is provided with a base extending inward and outward. Specifically, taking the cylinder 30 as an example, the bottom end surface of the cylinder 30 is provided with a base extending inward and outward. The portion of the base extending to the outside of the cylinder 30 is the outer extension portion 331, and the portion of the base extending to the inside of the cylinder is the inner extension portion 335. The base of the cylinder 30 is placed in a base trench 391 opened on the seabed or riverbed, and the second filler 392 buried in the base trench 391 presses the outer extension portion 331. The lateral pressure of the second filler 392 on the lower part of the cylinder 30 and the vertical downward pressure of the second filler 392 on the outer extension portion 331 make the lower part of the cylinder 30 stably fixed to the seabed or riverbed, as shown in FIG. Figure 21-1 As shown, the bottom of the steel cylinder structure 313 is provided with an outer extension portion 331 and an inner extension portion 335; and the bottom of the cylinder body 30 is located in the base groove 391; Figure 21-2 As shown, the bottom of the concrete cylinder structure 312 is provided with an outer extension portion 331 and an inner extension portion 335; and the bottom of the cylinder body 30 is located in the base groove 391; Figure 22-1 As shown, the bottom of the combined cylinder is provided with an outer extension portion 331 and an inner extension portion 335 ; and the bottom of the cylinder body 30 is located in the base groove 391 .

[0225] Specifically, a foundation trench 391 is excavated on the seabed 39 or riverbed, and an outer extension portion 331 extending toward the outer side of the side wall of the cylinder 30 is provided at the lower part of the cylinder 30; during construction, the lower part of the cylinder 30 is sunk into the foundation trench 391, and then the second filler 392 is backfilled in the foundation trench 391, so that at least a part of the second filler 392 is arranged on the outer extension portion 331. The lower part of the foundation 3 is stably fixed to the seabed 39 or riverbed through the lateral pressure of the second filler 392 on the lower part of the foundation 3 and the vertical downward pressure of the second filler 392 on the outer extension portion 331.

[0226] The lower part of the cylinder 30 is provided with an inner extension portion 335 extending toward the inner side of the side wall of the cylinder 30. At least a part of the first filler 31 is arranged on the outer extension portion 331. The first filler 31 generates a vertical downward pressure on the inner extension portion 335, thereby making the lower end of the cylinder 30 more stable.

[0227] When the foundation 3 is a solid column or a cylinder 30, the method of fixing the lower part of the foundation 3 to the seabed 39 or the riverbed described in this embodiment is applicable. Furthermore, when the cylinder 30 is the concrete cylinder structure 312 or the steel cylinder structure 313 in Example 6, or the combined cylinder form in Example 7, the method of fixing the lower part of the foundation 3 to the seabed 39 or the riverbed described in this embodiment is applicable.

[0228] Example 9

[0229] like Fig.37 and 38 As shown, the offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment is based on embodiment 2, and is different from embodiment 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 in that: the production and life support system includes a wind power device 7, and the wind power device 7 is preferably installed in one or more of the following ways:

[0230] Method 1: The wind power equipment 7 is installed on the safety wave-breaking system 5. Specifically, the safety wave-breaking system 5 outside the breeding area 61 is a wave-breaking dam that is entirely surrounded by a number of foundations 3 arranged at intervals, or is partially surrounded by a number of foundations 3 arranged at intervals and joined with other fixed structures. The foundation 3 is a cylinder 30, and the cylinder 30 is filled with a first filler 31. The lower part of the cylinder 30 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed. A concrete structure 71 is provided on the top of the foundation 3, and the wind power equipment 7 is installed on the concrete structure 71. Specifically, such as a wind turbine, at this time, the concrete cylinder 32 can be a cylinder of equal diameter, or a cone cylinder with a small top and a large bottom can be selected.

[0231] Method 2: If Figure 7 As shown, a cylinder 30 is also provided on the outside or inside of the safety wave-breaking system 5, and the cylinder 30 is filled with a first filler 31. The lower part of the cylinder 30 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and a concrete structure 71 is provided on the top of the cylinder 30. The wind power equipment 7 is provided on at least a part of the concrete structure 71.

[0232] The structure of the cylinder 30 and the lower fixing method are the same as those of Embodiment 6, 7 or 8. Preferably, the cylinder 30 can also be directly placed on the seabed 39 or the riverbed, and the weight of the first filler 31 can be used to fix the entirety of the cylinder 30 and the first filler 31 on the seabed 39 or the riverbed.

[0233] The production and life support system also includes an energy storage station, and the wind power equipment 7 is electrically connected to the energy storage station. The energy storage station can be installed on the safety wave elimination system 5, or on the cylinder 30 outside or inside the safety wave elimination system 5. The energy storage station can convert the electricity generated by the wind power equipment 7 into stable output electricity, thereby meeting the power demand in the offshore aquaculture device. At the same time, the electricity generated by the wind power equipment 7 can also compensate for the power equipment on the offshore aquaculture device.

[0234] Example 10

[0235] like Figure 39-40As shown, the offshore aquaculture system described in this embodiment is different from Embodiment 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 based on Embodiment 2 in that the production and life support system also includes at least one of a harbor, a campsite, a helipad, a lighthouse, a desalination facility, an aquaculture ship base, a sewage treatment facility, and a product processing facility to achieve on-site processing of products for living, life, and transportation, temporary cold chain storage, and preservation, etc. Among them,

[0236] A harbor is arranged on the back-wave side of the safety wave-breaking system; a room, a helipad or a lighthouse is arranged on the safety wave-breaking system.

[0237] On the basis of the above, a further preferred embodiment is that there are at least two breeding areas 61, wherein at least two adjacent breeding areas 61 share at least one section of the safety wave-breaking system.

[0238] The production and life support system further includes a floating module 610 and a factory building 618. The floating module 610 is located in the breeding area 61. The floating module 610 includes at least two connected pontoon units 1, and the pontoon units 1 are prefabricated. The factory building 618 is arranged on the floating module 610. The floating module 610 is fixed to the seabed or riverbed by a first anchor cable 623. The floating module 610 close to the safety wave elimination system 5 can also be connected to the safety wave elimination system 5.

[0239] The floating module 610 is fixed to the seabed 39 or the riverbed by the first anchor cable 623. The factory building 618 is used as a processing plant, storage base, cold storage, living quarters, etc.

[0240] Since the safety wave-breaking system 5 can effectively reduce or eliminate the impact of adverse environmental loads, mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads, on the breeding area 61, a factory building 618 can be set up in the breeding area 61 to quickly carry out deep processing of the fish after they are salvaged, thereby better ensuring the freshness and deliciousness of the fish meat.

[0241] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore aquaculture device, characterized in that: It comprises a net cage (64) and a first buoyancy box (66), wherein the first buoyancy box (66) is connected to the net cage (64), and the first buoyancy box (66) is located on one side of the net cage (64).

2. An offshore aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first buoyancy tank (66) is located on a side of the net cage (64) close to the upstream of the ocean current.

3. The offshore aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second pontoon (67), wherein the second pontoon (67) and the first pontoon (66) form at least one angle, and at least one of the net cages (64) is located within the angle.

4. An offshore aquaculture device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a third pontoon (68), wherein the third pontoon (68), the second pontoon (67) and the first pontoon (66) enclose at least one placement water area, one side of the placement water area is provided with an opening, and at least one of the net cages (64) is located in the placement water area.

5. An offshore aquaculture device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first pontoon (66), the second pontoon (67) and the third pontoon (68) form an I-shaped structure, and the area with an opening on one side formed by the I-shaped structure is the placement water area.

6. The offshore aquaculture device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first pontoon (66), the second pontoon (67) or the third pontoon (68) is used as a dock for ships to dock.

7. The offshore aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power generation module (65), which is used to supply power to the equipment on the cage (64), and the power generation module (65) is located on the first buoyancy box (66).

8. An offshore aquaculture device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power generation module (65) is a photovoltaic power generation device.

9. The offshore aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The net cage (64) comprises a frame (621) and a grid structure (622) connected to the frame (621), and the grid structure (622) and the frame (621) together enclose a breeding space with an open top.

10. The offshore aquaculture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one side of the first buoyancy box (66) is flexibly connected to a floating body (614), and the bottom of the floating body (614) is fixed to the seabed (39) or the riverbed through a second anchor cable (624).

11. An offshore aquaculture device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The first buoyancy box (66) comprises at least one inner cavity (11). When there are at least two inner cavities (11), adjacent inner cavities (11) are separated by concrete partitions (12), and adjacent storage inner cavities (11) are connected.

12. An offshore aquaculture system, characterized in that: include: Farming area (61); The offshore aquaculture device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the offshore aquaculture device is located in the aquaculture area (61); A safety wave-breaking system (5) is arranged outside the aquaculture area (61) and is used to reduce the height of waves in the aquaculture area (61). Water can be exchanged inside and outside the safety wave-breaking system (5). The lower part of the safety wave-breaking system (5) is fixed to the seabed (39) or the riverbed. An intelligent cleaning and maintenance system, used for cleaning garbage in the breeding area (61) and in the water area below the breeding area (61); Production and life support systems, used to provide electricity, facilities, sites or factories; The offshore aquaculture device, the safe wave-breaking system (5), the intelligent cleaning and maintenance system and the production and life support system together form a three-dimensional offshore aquaculture system.

13. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The water depth at the offshore aquaculture device is 20-80m.

14. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The water depth at the offshore aquaculture device is 25-35m.

15. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The breeding area (61) has an area of ​​1 to 20 km 2 .

16. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The intelligent cleaning and maintenance system comprises a hull (611) and a cleaning device (612) located in the breeding area (61), wherein the cleaning device (612) is used to collect underwater garbage and transport it to the hull (611) through a connecting pipe (613).

17. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The hull (611) is located in the breeding area (61).

18. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The hull (611) is provided with a pump body (615) and a filtering device (616); the pump body (615) is connected to the connecting pipe (613); the cleaning device (612) is provided with a water inlet connected to the connecting pipe (613); water can enter the connecting pipe (613) through the water inlet; the pump body (615) is used to provide power, and the power can enable water to enter the filtering device (616) from the water inlet through the connecting pipe (613); the hull (611) is also provided with a drain port (617) connected to the filtering device (616); water filtered by the filtering device (616) is discharged from the hull (611) through the drain port (617).

19. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (613) is a flexible pipe, and the cleaning device (612) is provided with a power device for moving the cleaning device (612).

20. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The intelligent cleaning and maintenance system includes seaweed, at least a portion of which is located below the net cage (64).

21. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The safety wave-breaking system (5) outside the breeding area (61) is a wave-breaking dam that is entirely surrounded by a plurality of foundations (3) arranged at intervals, or is partially surrounded by a plurality of foundations (3) arranged at intervals and joined with other fixed structures. A first channel (62) for water flow is provided between adjacent foundations (3), and the lower part of the foundation (3) is fixed to the seabed (39) or the riverbed.

22. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 21, characterized in that: The water permeability t of the safety wave-breaking system (5) is 5% to 20%.

23. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 21, characterized in that: The foundation (3) is a cylinder (30), the cylinder (30) is filled with a first filler (31), and the lower part of the cylinder (30) is fixed to the seabed (39) or the riverbed.

24. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 23, characterized in that: The cylinder (30) is a concrete cylinder structure (312) or a steel cylinder structure (313).

25. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 23, characterized in that: The cylinder (30) comprises a steel cylinder (33) located at the bottom and a concrete cylinder (32) located above the steel cylinder (33); the concrete cylinder (32) and the steel cylinder (33) are both filled with the first filler (31); and the lower part of the steel cylinder (33) is fixed to the seabed (39) or the riverbed.

26. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 23, characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the cylinder (30) is provided with a base extending inwardly and outwardly, the portion of the base extending toward the outside of the cylinder is an outer extension portion (331), and the portion of the base extending toward the inside of the cylinder is an inner extension portion (335).

27. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 26, characterized in that: The base of the cylinder (30) is placed in a base trench (391) opened on the seabed (39) or the riverbed, and the second filler (392) buried in the base trench (391) presses the outer extension part (331).

28. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 23, characterized in that: The lower part of the cylinder (30) is inserted into the seabed (39) or riverbed.

29. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 23, characterized in that: A guard (310) is arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the cylinder (30).

30. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 20, characterized in that: The safety wave-breaking system (5) is provided with an inlet and outlet (503) and an extension portion (505) extending toward the outside of the safety wave-breaking system, and the extension portion (505) is located on a side of the inlet and outlet (503) close to the direction of the sea current.

31. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The production and life support system comprises wind power equipment (7), wherein: The wind power equipment (7) is arranged on the safety wave elimination system (5); and / or, A cylinder (30) is provided on one side of the safety wave-breaking system (5), the cylinder (30) is filled with a first filler (31), the lower part of the cylinder (30) is fixed to the seabed (39) or the riverbed, a concrete structure (71) is provided on the top of the cylinder (30), and the wind power equipment (7) is provided on at least a portion of the concrete structure (71).

32. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 31, characterized in that: The production and life support system also includes an energy storage station, and the wind power equipment (7) is electrically connected to the energy storage station.

33. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The production and life support system further comprises a floating module (610) and a factory building (618); the floating module (610) is located in the breeding area (61); the floating module (610) comprises at least two connected pontoon units (1); the pontoon units (1) are prefabricated; and the factory building (618) is arranged on the floating module (610).

34. An offshore aquaculture system according to claim 33, characterized in that: At least one of the floating modules (610) is connected to the safety wave-breaking system (5).

35. The offshore aquaculture system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The production and life support system also includes at least one of a harbor, a campsite, a helipad, a lighthouse, a seawater desalination facility, a breeding vessel base and a sewage treatment facility.

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