A self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of self-assembly photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating materials and preparation method thereof, belong to hydrophobic material field, including steps: S1, first type material and second type material are surface modified;S2, prepare photo-thermal nanometer hybrid material by intermolecular force self-assembly;S3, increase the roughness of self-assembly hybrid material surface and reinforce hybrid network;S4, surface grafting reaction is carried out to reduce the surface energy of hybrid material;S5, the powder after surface modification is added to organic solvent and stirred, then resin and curing agent are added to carry out crosslinking reaction, continue to stir and obtain self-assembly super-hydrophobic photo-thermal coating material.This coating material can quickly remove water from the surface, and the temperature rises to a certain range under light conditions.It can also improve the stability of hybrid filler network, increase surface roughness, enhance photo-thermal absorption and conversion efficiency.Its good stability and durability can cope with various extreme environments.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrophobic materials, in particular to a self-assembled photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Super-hydrophobic surfaces have excellent properties such as fast water removal, ice delay and low ice adhesion, and are therefore widely considered as a promising anti-icing surface. However, the super-hydrophobic coating surface can only delay the formation of ice, but cannot completely prevent the formation of ice. At the same time, when the super-hydrophobic surface is iced, the micro-nano morphology of the surface will be interlaced with ice, resulting in a significant increase in the adhesion of ice. Photo-thermal deicing on the super-hydrophobic coating surface is a very effective and sustainable strategy, which has both passive anti-icing and active deicing functions. Not only can it further delay icing, but it can also inhibit icing and even accelerate deicing. The photo-thermal effect can increase the temperature of the coating surface by converting solar energy into heat. The photo-thermal coating surface can keep the entire surface from icing for a long time under solar irradiation in a low-temperature environment, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional super-hydrophobic surfaces. Although great progress has been made in developing photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating surfaces, there are still some key problems that hinder their practical application. One of the most important problems is that the poor mechanical robustness seriously hinders the application of photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating surfaces in various fields. In fact, the micro-morphological structure of the photo-thermal super-hydrophobic surface is usually fragile and can be easily damaged and collapsed under external stress. If the micro-morphological structure is damaged, the anti-icing / deicing ability of the coating surface will be weakened or even completely lost, which greatly limits its application in almost all practical conditions.

[0003] At present, in order to enhance the robustness of the micro-morphological structure of the photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating surface, the following methods are adopted: (1) coating the coating on surfaces such as fabrics, polymers and metals which have better mechanical robustness, this method relies on the inherent mechanical durability of the material rather than improving the mechanical durability of the micro-morphological structure itself; (2) using self-similar or self-healing coatings with the same micro-morphological structure to maintain the function of the surface by sacrificing the coating or repairing the damage during the process of mechanical wear, the effectiveness of this method depends on the thickness and performance of the coating; (3) constructing multi-scale micro-nano structures on the coating surface, the morphology of the multi-scale photo-thermal super-hydrophobic surface is diverse, but the surface roughness cannot be accurately controlled, and the interaction force between the coating and the substrate is required to be very high, in addition, the production of the robust surface is complex, expensive and pollutes the environment. Therefore, how to efficiently prepare a photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating surface with excellent stability and sustainable photo-thermal conversion performance is the main problem currently faced. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems in the prior art that it is difficult to synchronously and quickly realize the integrated and rapid preparation of the photo-thermal super-hydrophobic hybrid nano functional material, the preparation cost is high, the process is relatively complex, the different nano materials are not uniformly dispersed, there is a serious agglomeration phenomenon, the material structure stability is poor, the wear resistance is poor, the adhesion to the base material is weak, and the material is easy to fall off and fail during use, the present application provides a self-assembled photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the technical scheme, the present application provides a self-assembled photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: surface modification of the first type of material and the second type of material:

[0007] The first type of material modification method comprises adding trimethylol aminomethane into water to obtain a Tris solution, adjusting the pH value, adding dopamine hydrochloride, then adding the first type of material into the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride, and continuously stirring and reacting to make a layer of polydopamine PDA grow on the surface of the first type of material, and drying to obtain a first type of modified photo-thermal material;

[0008] The second type of material modification method comprises adding the second type of material into concentrated nitric acid, heating and stirring the mixture to reflux, and allowing the mixture to fully perform a self-assembly reaction to introduce oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the second type of material, thereby obtaining a second type of modified photo-thermal material;

[0009] S2: self-assembly of the photo-thermal nano hybrid material through intermolecular forces: adding the dopamine-modified material into water and ultrasonicating until a uniform solution is formed; meanwhile, the second type of material is ultrasonicated and dispersed in water, and then slowly added into the solution of the first type of material; finally, the mixed solution is stirred at room temperature to obtain a self-assembled hybrid photo-thermal material;

[0010] S3: increasing the surface roughness of the self-assembled hybrid material and reinforcing the hybrid network: dispersing the photo-thermal hybrid material in a mixed solution of ethanol and alkali, stirring and ultrasonicating, adding a silicon source to react at room temperature, plating a layer of SiO2 shell on the surface of the photo-thermal hybrid network to increase the roughness and reinforce the self-assembled hybrid filler network, and providing reactive functional groups;

[0011] S4: surface grafting reaction to reduce the surface energy of the hybrid material: adding a reactive fluorine-free low-surface-energy material and stirring at room temperature for 1 hour to reduce the surface energy of the photo-thermal hybrid network, then stirring, drying, and obtaining a hybrid powder material after surface modification;

[0012] S5: adding the surface-modified powder into an organic solvent, stirring, adding resin and a curing agent to perform cross-linking reaction, and continuously stirring to obtain a self-assembled super-hydrophobic photo-thermal coating material.

[0013] Further, the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the modification solution is 1 mg / mL-4 mg / mL, the concentration of Tris is 10 mM-50 mM, and the pH is 8-10.

[0014] Further, in step S1, the first type of material includes CuS, CuSe, CdS, CdSe, TiN, Fe3O4, TiO2, SiC, AgNPs, Al2O3, ZnO, MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, WSe2, or carbon black, with a particle size of 20 nm-5000 nm; the second type of material includes graphite nanosheets, graphene, graphite powder, expandable graphite, boron nitride (h-BN), black scale (BP), metal organic framework (MOFs), or carbon nanotubes, wherein the lateral size of the three-dimensional material (graphite nanosheets, graphene, graphite powder, expandable graphite, boron nitride h-BN, black scale BP, and metal organic framework MOFs) is 1 um-5000 um, and the thickness is 5 nm-5000 nm, the length of the two-dimensional material (carbon nanotubes) is 1 um-30 um, and the diameter is 5 nm-50 nm; the reaction time is 2 h-12 h; the heating temperature is 60°C-120°C, and the stirring reflux time is 2 h-12 h.

[0015] Further, the lateral size of the three-dimensional material is 1 um-5000 um, the thickness is 5 nm-5000 nm, the length of the two-dimensional material is 1 um-30 um, and the diameter is 5 nm-50 nm.

[0016] Further, in step S2, the dispersion liquid concentration of the first type of material and the second type of material is the same, and is 0.1 g / mL-1.0 g / mL; the mass ratio of the first type of material to the second type of material is 3:1-1:3; and the self-assembly reaction time is 2 h-12 h.

[0017] Further, in step S3, the alkali solution is ammonia, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide; the silicon source is tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyl triethoxysilane, or sodium methyl silicate; the oxygen-containing group includes a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a carbonyl group; and the hybrid material includes an alkali solution: silicon source ratio of 1:2:1-1:8:4; and the reaction time is 0.5 h-12 h.

[0018] Further, in step S4, the fluorine-free low-surface-energy material is methyl trimethoxysilane, methyl triethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane, hexadecyl trimethoxysilane, hexadecyl triethoxysilane, dodecyl trimethoxysilane, dodecyl triethoxysilane, or octyl triethoxysilane; the drying temperature is 60°C-120°C, and the time is 1-24 h.

[0019] Further, in step S5, the organic solvent includes ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or n-hexane; and the resin includes fluorocarbon resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin or polyurethane.

[0020] Further, a self-assembled photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material, the raw material composition includes 1%-25% of powder particles, 60%-90% of volatile organic solvents, 1%-25% of matrix resin and curing agent materials;

[0021] The powder particle raw material composition includes 6%-12% of a modified photo-thermal material, 2%-4% of a second modified photo-thermal material, 1%-4% of a silicon-based ester, 70%-90% of an alcohol solvent, 2%-8% of water, 0.5%-2% of alkaline material, the alkaline material makes the pH of the mixed system 2-4, and 0.25%-1% of a fluorine-free low-surface-energy material;

[0022] Further, the particle size of the first modified photo-thermal material is 20nm-5000nm.

[0023] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects relative to the prior art:

[0024] The self-assembled photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material prepared by the present application has excellent solar energy conversion performance and excellent super-hydrophobic performance, can quickly remove water on the surface of the coating material, and can be heated to a certain range under light. Due to the intermolecular force, stable interaction is formed between the two types of materials, which not only improves the stability of the hybrid filler network, but also improves the dispersity of the two types of materials, increases the surface roughness, enhances the photo-thermal absorption and conversion efficiency, realizes better photo-thermal conversion effect and more stable super-hydrophobic characteristics, and ensures long-term and efficient use of the coating material in complex environments. The self-assembled photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material prepared by the present application has good stability and durability, and can be used in various extreme environments. In addition, the preparation method provided by the present application is simple, safe, and can be mass-produced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 A flow chart of a self-assembled photo-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material preparation method provided by the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of intermolecular forces of a self-assembled photo-thermal hybrid nanomaterial;

[0028] Figure 3(a) self-assembled photo-thermal hybrid network; (b) silica shell coated self-assembled photo-thermal hybrid network; (c) low surface energy grafted self-assembled photo-thermal nano-hybrid material;

[0029] Figure 4 (a) photo-thermal conversion performance of self-assembled photo-thermal hybrid nano-coating under 1 sun intensity simulated light; (b) superhydrophobic performance of self-assembled photo-thermal nano-hybrid coating material; (c) abrasion resistance test of self-assembled photo-thermal nano-hybrid coating material; (d) photo-thermal conversion performance of self-assembled photo-thermal hybrid nano-coating under 1 sun intensity simulated light.

[0030] Figure 5 (a) water contact angle test; (b) state of different solutions on the coating;

[0031] Figure 6 (a) sandpaper abrasion of the coating under weight pressure still maintains superhydrophobicity; (b) coating surface SEM image after abrasion test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form can include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 The present application provides a self-assembled photo-thermal superhydrophobic coating material and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1: Before mixing different photo-thermal materials, surface modification is needed for both. The surface modification steps for the first type of material and the second type of material include:

[0036] The first type of material modification method is to add trimethylol aminomethane into water to obtain a Tris solution, adjust the pH value, add dopamine hydrochloride, then add the first type of material into the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride, and continuously stir the reaction to make a layer of polydopamine (PDA) grow on the surface, and dry to obtain the polydopamine modified first type of material.

[0037] The second type of material modification method is to add an appropriate amount of the second type of material to concentrated nitric acid, heat and stir the mixture to reflux to allow the self-assembly reaction to proceed fully, and introduce oxygen-containing groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, or carbonyl groups onto the surface.

[0038] S2: The two types of materials modified by intermolecular forces self-assembly are used to prepare a photo-thermal nano-hybrid material to achieve uniform dispersion. First, add the dopamine-modified material to water and ultrasonicate until a uniform solution is formed. At the same time, disperse an appropriate amount of the second type of material in water and then slowly add it to the solution of the first type of material. Stir the mixed solution at room temperature to obtain a self-assembled hybrid photo-thermal material.

[0039] S3: Increase the surface roughness of the self-assembled hybrid material and reinforce the hybrid network. Disperse the photo-thermal hybrid material in a mixture of ethanol and base, stir and ultrasonicate, and add a silicon source to react at room temperature. A layer of SiO2 shell is plated on the surface of the photo-thermal hybrid network, which increases the roughness, reinforces the self-assembled hybrid filler network, and provides reactive functional groups.

[0040] S4: Surface grafting reaction to reduce the surface energy of the hybrid material. Add a reactive fluorine-free low-surface-energy material and stir at room temperature for 1 hour to reduce the surface energy of the photo-thermal hybrid network. Stir, dry, and obtain the surface-modified hybrid powder material.

[0041] S5: Add the surface-modified powder to an organic solvent, stir, then add resin and curing agent for crosslinking reaction, and continue to stir to obtain a self-assembled super-hydrophobic photo-thermal coating material.

[0042] As a preferred, the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the modification solution is 1-4 mg / mL, the concentration of Tris is 10-50 mM, and the pH is 8-10 to ensure that the first type of material is completely surface-modified.

[0043] As a preferred, in step S1, the first type of material includes CuS, CuSe, CdS, CdSe, TiN, Fe3O4, TiO2, SiC, AgNPs, Al2O3, ZnO, MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, WSe2 or carbon black, with a particle size of 20nm-5000nm; the second type of material includes graphite nanosheet, graphene, graphite powder, expandable graphite, boron nitride (h-BN), black scale (BP), metal organic framework (MOFs) or carbon nanotube. The lateral size of the three-dimensional material (graphite nanosheet, graphene, graphite powder, expandable graphite, boron nitride h-BN, black scale BP and metal organic framework MOFs) is 1um-5000um, and the thickness is 5nm-5000nm; the length of the two-dimensional material (carbon nanotube) is 1um-30um, and the diameter is 5nm-50nm; the reaction time is 2h-12h; the heating temperature is 60°C-120°C, and the stirring reflux time is 2h-12h. The functionalized graphite nanosheet, graphene, expandable graphite, boron nitride (h-BN), black scale (BP), metal organic framework (MOFs) or carbon nanotube can also be directly purchased.

[0044] As a preferred, the lateral size of the three-dimensional material is 1um-5000um, and the thickness is 5nm-5000nm; the length of the two-dimensional material is 1um-30um, and the diameter is 5nm-50nm.

[0045] As a preferred, in step S2, the dispersion liquid concentration of the two types of materials is the same, and is 0.1g / mL-1.0g / mL; the mass ratio of the first type of material to the second type of material is 3:1-1:3; and the self-assembly reaction time is 2-12h.

[0046] In addition, in the process of modifying the first type of material and the second type of material, the intermolecular self-assembly force is hydrogen bond self-assembly, π-π interaction or electrostatic self-assembly;

[0047] As a preferred, in step S3, the alkali solution is ammonia, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide; the silicon source is tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyl triethoxysilane or sodium methyl silicate. The mass ratio of the hybrid material, the alkali solution and the silicon source participating in the reaction is 1:2:1-1:8:4. The reaction time is 0.5h-12h. The mass ratio of the hybrid material coated with SiO2 shell to the reactant of the low surface energy material is 10:1-2:1.

[0048] As a kind of preferred, in step S4, no fluorine low surface energy material is methyl trimethoxysilane, methyl triethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane, hexadecyl trimethoxysilane, hexadecyl triethoxysilane, dodecyl trimethoxysilane, dodecyl triethoxysilane or octyl triethoxysilane.The drying temperature is 60-120 DEG C, and the time is 1-24 hours.As a kind of preferred, in step S5, the organic solvent is ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or n-hexane.The resin material used is fluorocarbon resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin or polyurethane.The light source of the self-assembled light-thermal super-hydrophobic hybrid coating material is sunlight, near-infrared light, far-infrared light or ultraviolet light;The temperature range of the light-thermal conversion of the hybrid coating material is room temperature-130 DEG C.

[0049] A self-assembled light-thermal super-hydrophobic coating material, the raw material composition of which comprises 1-25% of powder particles, 60-90% of volatile organic solvent, 1-25% of matrix resin and curing agent material;

[0050] The powder particle raw material composition comprises 6-12% of a modified light-thermal material, 2-4% of a second modified light-thermal material, 1-4% of a silicon-based ester, 70-90% of an alcohol solvent, 2-8% of water, 0.5-2% of alkaline material, the alkaline material makes the pH of the mixed system 2-4, and 0.25-1% of no fluorine low surface energy material.

[0051] As a kind of preferred, the particle size of the first modified light-thermal material is 20nm-5000nm.

[0052] The self-assembled light-thermal super-hydrophobic hybrid coating material provided by the application can reject liquid for liquid with pH 1-14.For example, it can reject water, coke, milk or coffee;The water contact angle is greater than 150 DEG, and the water rolling angle is less than 10 DEG.

[0053] In addition, the self-assembled super-hydrophobic light-thermal coating material can be applied in the fields of surface self-cleaning, light-thermal conversion and ice prevention.When used, the thickness of the cured coating on the surface of the substrate is 20-150 microns.When the coating material is cured at the coating position, water on the surface can be quickly removed to realize the function of surface self-cleaning.In addition, the coating material provided by the application can convert light irradiated on the surface of the coating material into temperature when light is irradiated, realize light-thermal conversion, and the temperature increasing range is 0 DEG C-80 DEG C (solar intensity 0 mW / cm 2 -100mW / cm 2), so as to keep the coated instrument in good temperature conditions. The coating material obtained by the preparation method of the self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material provided by the application can form stable interaction between the internal molecules, which can not only improve the stability of the hybrid filler network, but also improve the dispersity of the two materials, increase the surface roughness, enhance the photothermal absorption and conversion efficiency, achieve better photothermal conversion effect and more stable super-hydrophobic properties, and ensure long-term and efficient use of the coating material in complex environments.

[0054] The test observation results of the coating material obtained by the self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material and the preparation method thereof provided by the application are shown in FIGS. 1-3. Figures 2-6

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the intermolecular force of the self-assembled photothermal hybrid nanomaterial in the embodiment of the application;

[0056] The material modified by PDA and the carboxylated material are hybridized together by the intermolecular force to form stable self-assembled photothermal material;

[0057] Figure 3 is an electron microscope image of the self-assembled nanohybrid material in the embodiment of the application: (a) self-assembled photothermal hybrid network; (b) self-assembled photothermal hybrid network coated with a silica shell; (c) self-assembled photothermal nanohybrid material grafted with low surface energy;

[0058] Figure 4 is a curve diagram of the photothermal conversion performance of the self-assembled photothermal hybrid nanocoating under 1-solar intensity simulated light in the embodiment of the application;

[0059] The self-assembled photothermal hybrid nanocoating is heated to 100 degrees Celsius within 300 seconds under 1-solar intensity simulated light, while the temperature of the material without coating is only increased to about 40 degrees Celsius;

[0060] Figure 5 is a super-hydrophobic performance display of the self-assembled photothermal nanohybrid coating material in the embodiment of the application: (a) water contact angle test is about 155°; (b) the state of different solutions on the coating, which all exhibit good super-hydrophobicity;

[0061] Figure 6 Abrasion resistance test of the self-assembled photothermal nanohybrid coating material: (a) under the weight pressure, the coating still maintains super-hydrophobicity after sandpaper polishing for a certain distance; (b) electron microscope image of the coating surface after the abrasion test.

[0062] ​The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material, characterized in that: Including steps: S1: Surface modification of the first and second types of materials: The first type of material modification method includes adding tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane to water to obtain a Tris solution, adjusting the pH value, adding dopamine hydrochloride, and then adding the first type of material to the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride, and continuously stirring the reaction to grow a layer of polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of the material, and drying to obtain a type of modified photothermal material; The second type of material modification method includes adding the second type of material to concentrated nitric acid, heating the mixture, stirring and refluxing, and introducing carboxyl groups on the surface of the second type of material to obtain the second type of modified photothermal material; The first type of material is TiN, with a particle size of 20nm to 5000nm; the second type of material is carbon nanotubes, with a length of 1um to 30um and a diameter of 5nm to 50nm; S2: Preparation of photothermal nanohybrid materials by self-assembly through intermolecular forces: adding a type of modified photothermal material to water and ultrasonicating until a uniform solution is formed; simultaneously, ultrasonically dispersing a type of modified photothermal material in water and then slowly adding it dropwise to the solution of the type of modified photothermal material; finally, stirring the mixed solution at room temperature to obtain the photothermal nanohybrid material; The mass ratio of the first type of modified photothermal material to the second type of modified photothermal material is 3:1-1:3; S3: Increase the surface roughness of the self-assembled hybrid material and strengthen the photothermal hybrid network: Disperse the photothermal nanohybrid material in a mixed solution of ethanol and alkali, stir and sonicate, add a silicon source and react at room temperature to form a SiO2 shell on the surface of the photothermal hybrid network, thereby increasing the roughness and strengthening the self-assembled photothermal hybrid network, and providing reactive functional groups; The silicon source is ethyl orthosilicate; S4: performing a surface grafting reaction to reduce the surface energy of the photothermal nanohybrid material: adding a reactive fluorine-free low surface energy material and stirring at room temperature for 1 hour to reduce the surface energy of the photothermal hybrid network, and then stirring and drying to obtain a surface-modified hybrid powder material; The fluorine-free low surface energy material is hexadecyltrimethoxysilane; S5: adding the surface-modified hybrid powder material to an organic solvent and stirring, then adding a resin and a curing agent to carry out a cross-linking reaction, and continuing to stir to obtain a self-assembled super-hydrophobic photothermal coating material; The resin is a silicone resin.

2. The method for preparing a self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material according to claim 1, wherein The concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride is 1 mg / mL-4 mg / mL, the concentration of the Tris is 10 mM-50 mM, and the pH is 8-10.

3. The method for preparing a self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, the reaction time is 2 h to 12 h; the heating temperature is 60° C. to 120° C., and the stirring and reflux time is 2 h to 12 h.

4. The method for preparing a self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material according to claim 1, wherein In step S2, the dispersion concentrations of the first type of modified photothermal material and the second type of modified photothermal material are the same, 0.1 g / mL-1.0 g / mL; and the self-assembly reaction time is 2 h-12 h.

5. The method for preparing a self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material according to claim 1, wherein In step S3, the alkaline solution is aqueous ammonia, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide; and the reaction time is 0.5 h-12 h.

6. The method for preparing a self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material according to claim 1, wherein In step S4, the drying temperature is 60° C.-120° C., and the drying time is 1-24 hours.

7. The method for preparing a self-assembled photothermal super-hydrophobic coating material according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, the organic solvent includes ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or n-hexane.

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