Cutting arm assembly and heading machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunneling equipment with a drilling or cutting tool, and particularly provides a cutting arm assembly and a tunneling machine. The cutting arm assembly comprises a large cutting arm, a cutting roller is mounted at the front end of the large cutting arm, a free cutting mechanism is mounted on the large cutting arm and comprises a mounting seat and a supporting arm capable of swinging up and down and left and right relative to the mounting seat, and a rock breaking structure is mounted on the supporting arm. The mounting seat is a guide seat capable of guiding and moving back and forth along the cutting large arm and / or the supporting arm is a telescopic arm, and the rock breaking structure is mounted at the telescopic output end of the supporting arm. The heading machine comprises the cutting arm assembly. When the cutting arm assembly works, the cutting roller can rapidly excavate a rectangular section roadway, the free cutting mechanism can flexibly expand and excavate the roadway, and finally a special-shaped section roadway is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunneling equipment with drilling or cutting tools, and in particular relates to a cutting arm assembly and a tunneling machine. Background Art

[0002] The integrated mining and anchoring machine includes a cutting arm that can swing up and down, and a rotatable cutting drum is installed at the front end of the cutting arm, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum extends horizontally. The cutting drum can swing with the cutting arm to excavate a coal seam recovery tunnel with a rectangular cross-section. However, for inclined coal seams, since the strength of the coal seam is lower than the strength of the tunnel roof rock, the stress distribution of the surrounding rock is uneven during excavation, and the conventional rectangular cross-section coal seam recovery tunnel is prone to problems such as roof rock crushing and roof rock sliding along the inclination direction of the coal seam. In order to ensure the stability of the tunnel, the cross-section of the recovery tunnel of the inclined coal seam is mostly in the shape of a sloping roof at a certain angle to the roof. Of course, depending on the different distribution of the coal seam, there are also coal seam recovery tunnels with special cross-sections such as circular arches and three-center arches during actual construction.

[0003] The cutting drum of the traditional integrated mining and anchoring machine cannot dig out tunnels with irregular cross-sections such as inclined roofs. At present, cantilevered tunnel boring machines are mostly used for irregular tunnels. The cantilevered tunnel boring machines include a cutting arm that can swing up and down and left and right. A rotatable cutting head is installed at the front end of the cutting arm. The rotation axis of the cutting head extends longitudinally. The cutting head can swing to different positions on the face with the cutting arm, thereby digging out irregular and irregular-shaped tunnels. However, the excavation efficiency of the cantilevered tunnel boring machine is low, and it is difficult to meet the construction requirements of modern mines. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutting arm assembly to solve the technical problem of low excavation efficiency of special-shaped cross-section tunnels in the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a roadheader having the above-mentioned cutting arm assembly to solve the same technical problem.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the cutting arm assembly provided by the present invention is: A cutting arm assembly comprises a cutting arm, a rotatable cutting drum with a rotating axis extending laterally is installed at the front end of the cutting arm, a free cutting mechanism is installed on the cutting arm, the free cutting mechanism comprises a mounting seat and a support arm which can swing up and down and left and right relative to the mounting seat, a rock breaking structure is installed on the support arm; the mounting seat is a guide seat which can move forward and backward along the cutting arm; and / or the support arm is a telescopic arm, and the rock breaking structure is installed at the telescopic output end of the support arm.

[0006] As a further improvement, the support arm is installed on the mounting seat through a universal hinge structure, and a swing cylinder for driving the support arm to swing is also connected between the mounting seat and the support arm. One end of the swing cylinder is installed on the mounting seat through a universal hinge structure, and the other end is hinged to the support arm. In the horizontal and vertical projections of the cutting arm assembly, there is a set angle between the swing cylinder and the support arm.

[0007] As a further improvement, the swing cylinder is located above the supporting arm.

[0008] As a further improvement, the other end of the swing cylinder is hinged to the support arm through a universal hinge structure.

[0009] As a further improvement, two swing cylinders are provided, and the two swing cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both lateral sides of the support arm.

[0010] As a further improvement, the universal articulated structure includes a first articulated seat, a second articulated seat, a first articulated axis and a second articulated axis. The second articulated seat is installed on the first articulated seat through the first articulated axis. The second articulated axis is installed on the second articulated seat. The extension directions of the first articulated axis and the second articulated axis are perpendicular to each other.

[0011] As a further improvement, the guide structure provided on the cutting arm and cooperating with the guide seat comprises two guide rails arranged in parallel with each other, and the guide seat is provided with a guide cooperating structure cooperating with the two guide rails in a sliding manner.

[0012] As a further improvement, the guide matching structure slides along the top end surfaces and the two opposite side surfaces of the two guide rails.

[0013] As a further improvement, the guide matching structure includes more than two sliding blocks arranged in front and behind.

[0014] As a further improvement, the driving device connected between the guide seat and the cutting arm is a double-range cylinder assembly, which includes a cylinder and a chain assembly. The chain assembly includes four sprockets installed on the cylinder barrel of the cylinder and a chain that bypasses the sprockets. Among the four sprockets, two are arranged in pairs on the left and right sides of the cylinder barrel. There are two chains and they bypass the sprockets on the corresponding sides respectively. The piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the cutting arm, and the cylinder barrel and the cutting arm are slidably matched. The sprocket divides the chain into two opposite sides, one side is connected to the guide seat, and the other side is fixed to the cutting arm. When the cylinder barrel moves, the chain rotates in a circular direction and drives the guide seat to move from one end of the cylinder barrel to the other end.

[0015] As a further improvement, the rock breaking structure is a rotatable cutting head with a rotating axis extending longitudinally, and the cutting head is equipped with cutting teeth; or the rock breaking structure is a rotatable cutting disc with a rotating axis extending longitudinally, and a roller cutter is installed on the cutting disc.

[0016] As a further improvement, a tooth seat is provided on the cutting head, and the cutting teeth are rotatably mounted on the tooth seat.

[0017] The present invention is an improved invention, and its beneficial effects are: when the cutting arm assembly is working, as the cutting arm swings up and down, the cutting drum can efficiently and quickly excavate a rectangular cross-section tunnel, and then the free cutting mechanism on the cutting arm works, and as the support arm swings up and down, left and right, and the guide seat moves forward and backward or the support arm stretches forward and backward, the rock breaking mechanism can freely and flexibly move to different positions to excavate corners, and finally excavate a special-shaped cross-section tunnel that meets the needs. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency of the integrated digging and anchoring machine, and the integrated free cutting mechanism also has high flexibility, which can realize efficient excavation of special-shaped cross-section tunnels.

[0018] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is: A tunnel boring machine comprises a main machine and a cutting arm assembly mounted on the main machine, the cutting arm assembly comprising a cutting arm, a rotatable cutting drum with a rotating axis extending laterally is mounted at the front end of the cutting arm, a free cutting mechanism is mounted on the cutting arm, the free cutting mechanism comprises a mounting seat and a support arm which can swing up and down and left and right relative to the mounting seat, a rock breaking structure is mounted on the support arm; the mounting seat is a guide seat which can move forward and backward along the cutting arm; and / or the support arm is a telescopic arm, and the rock breaking structure is mounted on the telescopic output end of the support arm.

[0019] As a further improvement, the support arm is installed on the mounting seat through a universal hinge structure, and a swing cylinder for driving the support arm to swing is also connected between the mounting seat and the support arm. One end of the swing cylinder is installed on the mounting seat through a universal hinge structure, and the other end is hinged to the support arm. In the horizontal and vertical projections of the cutting arm assembly, there is a set angle between the swing cylinder and the support arm.

[0020] As a further improvement, the swing cylinder is located above the supporting arm.

[0021] As a further improvement, the other end of the swing cylinder is hinged to the support arm through a universal hinge structure.

[0022] As a further improvement, two swing cylinders are provided, and the two swing cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both lateral sides of the support arm.

[0023] As a further improvement, the universal articulated structure includes a first articulated seat, a second articulated seat, a first articulated axis and a second articulated axis. The second articulated seat is installed on the first articulated seat through the first articulated axis. The second articulated axis is installed on the second articulated seat. The extension directions of the first articulated axis and the second articulated axis are perpendicular to each other.

[0024] As a further improvement, the guide structure provided on the cutting arm and cooperating with the guide seat comprises two guide rails arranged in parallel with each other, and the guide seat is provided with a guide cooperating structure cooperating with the two guide rails in a sliding manner.

[0025] As a further improvement, the guide matching structure slides along the top end surfaces and the two opposite side surfaces of the two guide rails.

[0026] As a further improvement, the guide matching structure includes more than two sliding blocks arranged in front and behind.

[0027] As a further improvement, the driving device connected between the guide seat and the cutting arm is a double-range cylinder assembly, which includes a cylinder and a chain assembly. The chain assembly includes four sprockets installed on the cylinder barrel of the cylinder and a chain that bypasses the sprockets. Among the four sprockets, two are arranged in pairs on the left and right sides of the cylinder barrel. There are two chains and they bypass the sprockets on the corresponding sides respectively. The piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the cutting arm, and the cylinder barrel and the cutting arm are slidably matched. The sprocket divides the chain into two opposite sides, one side is connected to the guide seat, and the other side is fixed to the cutting arm. When the cylinder barrel moves, the chain rotates in a circular direction and drives the guide seat to move from one end of the cylinder barrel to the other end.

[0028] As a further improvement, the rock breaking structure is a rotatable cutting head with a rotating axis extending longitudinally, and the cutting head is equipped with cutting teeth; or the rock breaking structure is a rotatable cutting disc with a rotating axis extending longitudinally, and a roller cutter is installed on the cutting disc.

[0029] As a further improvement, a tooth seat is provided on the cutting head, and the cutting teeth are rotatably mounted on the tooth seat.

[0030] The present invention is an improved invention, and its beneficial effects are: when the cutting arm assembly is working, as the cutting arm swings up and down, the cutting drum can efficiently and quickly excavate a rectangular cross-section tunnel, and then the free cutting mechanism on the cutting arm works, and as the support arm swings up and down, left and right, and the guide seat moves forward and backward or the support arm stretches forward and backward, the rock breaking mechanism can freely and flexibly move to different positions to excavate corners, and finally excavate a special-shaped cross-section tunnel that meets the needs. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency of the integrated digging and anchoring machine, and the integrated free cutting mechanism also has high flexibility, which can realize efficient excavation of special-shaped cross-section tunnels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A front view of an embodiment of a cutting arm assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of an embodiment of a cutting arm assembly of the present invention (with the free cutting mechanism hidden); Figure 3 A front view of a free cutting mechanism of a cutting arm assembly embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A top view of a free cutting mechanism of a cutting arm assembly embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the roadheader embodiment of the present invention when excavating a rectangular cross-section tunnel; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the rectangular cross-section tunnel face is shown; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the embodiment of the roadheader in the present invention when excavating a roadway with a sloping top section; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the inclined roof section shown.

[0032] Description of reference numerals: 1. Cutting arm; 2. Cutting drum; 3. Free cutting mechanism; 4. Cutting head; 5. Double-range cylinder assembly; 101. Guide rail; 102. Connecting plate; 103. Cylinder seat; 301. Support arm; 302. Swing cylinder; 303. Guide seat; 304. Slider; 305. Universal hinge structure; 401. Cutting tooth; 501. Chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to provide a roadheader that can efficiently excavate irregular-section tunnels, the basic technical concept of the present invention is to add a relatively flexible and free cutting mechanism to the cutting arm on the basis of retaining the cutting arm and cutting drum on the existing integrated digging and anchoring machine. During construction, the cutting drum efficiently excavates the rectangular-section tunnel, and then the free cutting mechanism expands and trims the edges, and finally excavates an irregular-section tunnel that meets the requirements. The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0034] The specific embodiment of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is as follows: like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the tunnel boring machine in this embodiment includes a main machine, which can be consistent with the integrated tunnel boring and anchoring machine in the prior art, specifically including a scraper conveyor, an anchor drilling machine, etc., and a cutting arm assembly is installed at the front end. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the cutting arm assembly includes a cutting arm 1, which can swing up and down. Specifically, a driving cylinder for driving the cutting arm 1 to swing up and down is connected between the cutting arm 1 and the main machine. A cutting drum 2 is installed at the front end of the cutting arm 1. The cutting drum 2 can rotate, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum 2 extends laterally. Specifically, the cutting arm 1 is a hollow structure, and a driving device for driving the cutting drum 2 to rotate, such as a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, is installed inside. Cutting teeth arranged in a set manner are installed on the cutting drum 2. As the cutting drum 2 rotates, the cutting teeth can excavate and break the rock, thereby efficiently excavating a rectangular cross-section tunnel.

[0035] Different from the prior art, in this embodiment, a free cutting mechanism 3 is installed on the cutting arm 1. The free cutting mechanism 3 includes a mounting seat and a support arm 301. The support arm 301 is installed on the cutting arm 1 through the mounting seat, and a rock breaking structure is installed on the support arm 301. During construction, the cutting drum 2 can first excavate a rectangular cross-section tunnel, and then the free cutting mechanism 3 can expand and trim the edges. In order to meet the needs of different special-shaped sections, and the free cutting mechanism 3 cannot affect the normal operation of the cutting arm 1 to drive the cutting drum 2, the support arm 301 should have a relatively flexible degree of freedom to send the rock breaking structure to different excavation positions and avoid the tunnel wall when the cutting drum 2 is working normally. The support arm 301 should be able to swing up and down and left and right, and the rock breaking structure can also be fed forward. There are two ways to feed the rock breaking structure forward. One is that the support arm 301 can move forward and backward as a whole, that is, the mounting seat is a guide seat 303 that can move forward and backward along the cutting arm 1, and the support arm 301 can move forward and backward as a whole by adjusting the movement of the guide seat 303. The second is to configure the support arm 301 as a telescopic arm, install the rock breaking structure at the telescopic output end of the telescopic arm, and realize the feeding of the rock breaking mechanism by telescoping the support arm 301. The above two methods can be selected either or combined.

[0036] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, as one of the embodiments of the connection and cooperation between the support arm 301 and the mounting seat, the support arm 301 is mounted on the mounting seat through a universal hinge structure 305, and a swing cylinder 302 is also connected between the support arm 301 and the mounting seat. By controlling the extension and contraction of the swing cylinder 302, the support arm 301 is controlled to swing up and down and left and right. Each swing cylinder 302 and the support arm 301 are arranged at a set angle. The set angle referred to here includes the angle between the swing cylinder 302 and the support arm 301 in the up and down and left and right directions, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the projection of the cutting arm assembly in the horizontal direction ( Figure 3 ) and the vertical projection ( Figure 4) are at a set angle with the support arm 301, so that the telescopic movement of the swing cylinder 302 can drive the support arm 301 to swing left and right and up and down. During installation, the rear end of the swing cylinder 302 should be connected to the mounting seat through the universal hinge structure 305, and the front end can be hinged on the support arm 301, so that the rear end of the swing cylinder 302 is also relatively flexible, and when the support arm 301 swings, the swing cylinder 302 can also swing adaptively. Preferably, the front end of the swing cylinder 302 is also hinged to the support arm 301 through the universal hinge structure, so that both ends of the swing cylinder 302 are relatively flexible, and it is not easy to get stuck, which reduces the requirements for installation accuracy. However, in other embodiments, it is not excluded that the front end of the swing cylinder 302 is hinged to the support arm only through a hinge shaft. In this case, there can be a certain gap between the front end of the swing cylinder and the hinge shaft. As the support arm 301 swings left and right, the gap between the front end of the swing cylinder 302 and the hinge shaft makes the angle between the swing cylinder 302 and the support arm 301 change within a certain range.

[0037] As a specific mode of the universal hinge structure 305, in consideration of reducing costs, the universal hinge structure 305 selects a universal hinge structure 305 including a first hinge shaft and a second hinge shaft whose extension axes are perpendicular to each other (which can be compared to a cross-axis hinge structure). Specifically, the universal hinge structure 305 also includes a first hinge seat and a second hinge seat, the second hinge seat is hinged to the first hinge seat through the first hinge shaft, the second hinge shaft is installed on the second hinge seat, the second hinge seat can swing relative to the first hinge seat through the first hinge shaft, and the structure installed on the second hinge shaft (such as a support arm, a swing cylinder) can swing relative to the second hinge seat through the second hinge shaft. Compared with the ball-type hinge structure, this type of universal hinge structure has a lower cost. More specifically, the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat can both be composed of two ear plates arranged at intervals, and the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft can be inserted and installed on the ear plates, specifically using a pin shaft. In this way, during installation, the first hinge seat can be fixed on a corresponding foundation (such as the guide seat 303), and connected to a corresponding structure that needs to be swung through the second hinge shaft.

[0038] In addition to the above-mentioned method of installing the support arm 301, in other embodiments, a slewing mechanism with a slewing axis extending vertically can be installed on the mounting seat, and the support arm 301 can be installed on the slewing mechanism to achieve left and right swinging. The support arm 301 and the slewing mechanism are in an articulated relationship, and a cylinder for driving the support arm 301 to swing up and down is connected between the slewing mechanism and the support arm 301. However, it should be emphasized that the embodiment using the universal hinge structure 305 has a simpler structure, is easy to miniaturize, and is also easy to control the space occupied by the free cutting mechanism 3 as a whole, so as to avoid affecting the normal operation of the cutting arm 1 driving the cutting drum 2.

[0039] In addition, if Figure 4 As shown, there are two swing cylinders 302, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support arm. Compared with the method of only setting one swing cylinder 302, the two swing cylinders 302, the support arm 301 and the guide seat 303 together form a spatial triangular prism structure, which has stronger stability.

[0040] In order to further reduce the space occupied by the free cutting mechanism 3, preferably, as Figure 3 As shown, the swing cylinder 302 is located above the support arm 301. This allows the support arm with a longer length to be located at a lower position, reducing the occupation of the vertical space by the free cutting mechanism 3.

[0041] In the case where the mounting seat is a guide seat 303, as Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure the stability of the forward and backward guiding movement of the guide seat 303, the guide structure provided on the cutting arm 1 and cooperating with the guide seat 303 includes two guide rails 101 arranged in parallel at intervals, and the guide seat 303 is provided with a guide matching structure that cooperates with the two guide rails 101 for sliding guidance. The guide matching structure and the guide rails 101 are in a sliding matching relationship, and the guiding contact area is large, which can ensure a better supporting effect. Specifically, the guide matching structure guides and slides along the top end faces and the two opposite side faces of the two guide rails 101, so that the guide matching structure can form a rail clamping effect, and the guiding effect is better. In addition, considering that there is a lot of dust inside the tunnel (lane), in order to prevent dust from entering between the guide structure and the guide matching structure, preferably, the guide matching structure can select sliders 304 arranged at intervals in front and back, and at least two sliders 304 should be provided. Compared with setting a longer slideway, dust is not easy to remain between the two sliders 304 spaced in this way, and the slider 304 also has the function of scraping dust, which is more suitable for harsh tunnel (lane) environment.

[0042] Of course, in other implementations, the guide structure on the cutting arm 1 can also be a guide groove, and a roller that rolls along the guide groove is provided on the guide groove.

[0043] In fact, the space on the cutting arm 1 where the free cutting mechanism 3 can be installed is relatively limited. In order to allow the guide seat 303 to have a larger moving stroke within the limited space. Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the driving device for driving the guide seat 303 to move connected between the guide seat 303 and the cutting arm 1 is a double-range oil cylinder assembly 5, which includes an oil cylinder and a chain assembly, wherein the chain assembly includes four sprockets and a corresponding annular chain 501 that bypasses the sprockets, and the sprockets are arranged in pairs, respectively installed on the opposite sides of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder, and the sprockets divide the chain 501 into two opposite sides, wherein one side of the chain 501 is connected to the guide seat 303, and the other side of the chain 501 is relatively fixed to the cutting arm 1. Specifically, the cutting arm 1 is provided with a connecting plate 102 located between the two guide rails 101, and one side of the chain 501 is connected to the connecting plate 102 to achieve relative fixation with the cutting arm 1. The piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected to the oil cylinder seat 103 on the cutting arm 1, and the cylinder barrel is slidably matched with the cutting arm 1. When the cylinder moves, the chain 501 can be driven to rotate, and the guide seat 303 can be moved from one end of the cylinder to the other end, thereby multiplying the stroke of the oil cylinder, and then the rock breaking mechanism on the support arm 301 can be sent to a more forward position, which is convenient for construction.

[0044] In addition, the rock breaking mechanism on the support arm 301 in this embodiment is a rock breaking mechanism with a longitudinal axis rotation. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the rock breaking mechanism can be a cutting head 4, on which a cutting tooth 401 is installed. Or in other embodiments, the rock breaking mechanism can also be a cutting disc rotating along the longitudinal axis, on which a roller cutter is installed. In order to better protect the cutting tooth 401, in a preferred embodiment, a tooth seat is provided on the cutting head 4, on which the cutting tooth 401 can be rotatably installed, so that the cutting tooth 401 can rotate relative to the cutting head 4. In this way, in a harder formation, the cutting tooth 401 can rotate to achieve a buffering (unloading) effect.

[0045] Of course, in other implementations, the rock breaking mechanism may also be a new type of rock breaking mechanism such as jet rock breaking or laser rock breaking.

[0046] Take the excavation of inclined roof tunnel as an example. Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment includes the following steps during construction: (1) Use the remote control to control the cutting boom 1 of the roadheader to rise, so that the cutting drum 2 excavates a regular rectangular tunnel. During the cutting process, the onboard anchor drill can be used to provide anchor support for the previous excavation cycle position. Then, operate the boom lifting cylinder to lower the cutting boom 1 to the tunnel floor. (2) After the cutting boom 1 is lowered to the bottom of the tunnel, the double-range cylinder assembly 5 is operated to be retracted, and the free cutting mechanism 3 is driven to move forward to the coal mining working face through the movement of the chain 501; (3) Adjust the swing cylinder 302 until the cutting head 4 and the tunnel roof are at an appropriate height, start the cutting head 4 to start operation, and adjust the independent telescopic adjustment of the swing cylinder 302 to adjust the cutting head 4 to move in a straight line at an angle of θ counterclockwise with the roof; (4) When the free cutting mechanism 3 moves to the side wall boundary of the tunnel, the cutting head 4 is moved downward by one height and excavation is continued along an angle of θ counterclockwise to the roof until the inclined roof tunnel is formed; (5) Adjust the swing cylinder 302 and the double-range cylinder assembly 5 to retract the free cutting mechanism 3 to its original state; (6) The tunnel boring machine moves forward to the next tunneling position; (7) Repeat steps (1) to (6) to proceed to the next construction process.

[0047] Specific embodiments of the cutting arm assembly provided by the present invention: The embodiment of the cutting arm assembly is the cutting arm assembly described in the embodiment of the tunnel boring machine described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting arm assembly, comprising a cutting arm, a cutting drum rotatably mounted at the front end of the cutting arm and having a rotation axis extending transversely, wherein: A free cutting mechanism is installed on the cutting arm, and the free cutting mechanism includes a mounting seat and a support arm which can swing up and down and left and right relative to the mounting seat, and a rock breaking structure is installed on the support arm; the mounting seat is a guide seat which can move forward and backward along the cutting arm; and / or the support arm is a telescopic arm, and the rock breaking structure is installed at the telescopic output end of the support arm.

2. The cutting arm assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the support arm It is installed on the mounting seat through a universal hinge structure, and a swing cylinder for driving the support arm to swing is also connected between the mounting seat and the support arm. One end of the swing cylinder is installed on the mounting seat through a universal hinge structure, and the other end is hinged to the support arm. In the horizontal and vertical projections of the cutting arm assembly, there is a set angle between the swing cylinder and the support arm.

3. The cutting arm assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing cylinder is located above the support arm.

4. The cutting arm assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the swing oil cylinder is hinged on the supporting arm through a universal hinge structure.

5. The cutting arm assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: Two swing oil cylinders are provided, and the two swing oil cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the lateral sides of the support arm.

6. The cutting arm assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The universal hinge structure includes a first hinge seat, a second hinge seat, a first hinge shaft and a second hinge shaft. The second hinge seat is installed on the first hinge seat through the first hinge shaft. The second hinge shaft is installed on the second hinge seat. The extension directions of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft are perpendicular to each other.

7. The cutting arm assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The guide structure provided on the cutting arm and cooperating with the guide seat comprises two guide rails arranged in parallel with each other, and the guide seat is provided with a guide cooperating structure cooperating with the two guide rails in a sliding manner.

8. The cutting arm assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide matching structure slides along the top end surfaces of the two guide rails and the two opposite side surfaces.

9. The cutting arm assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide matching structure includes more than two sliding blocks arranged in front and behind.

10. The cutting arm assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The driving device connected between the guide seat and the cutting arm is a double-range cylinder assembly, which includes a cylinder and a chain assembly. The chain assembly includes four sprockets installed on the cylinder barrel of the cylinder and a chain that bypasses the sprockets. Among the four sprockets, two are arranged in pairs on the left and right sides of the cylinder barrel. There are two chains and they bypass the sprockets on the corresponding sides respectively. The piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the cutting arm, and the cylinder barrel and the cutting arm are slidably matched. The sprocket divides the chain into two opposite sides, one side is connected to the guide seat, and the other side is fixed to the cutting arm. When the cylinder barrel moves, the chain rotates in a circular direction and drives the guide seat to move from one end of the cylinder barrel to the other end.

11. The cutting arm assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The rock breaking structure is a rotatable cutting head with a rotating axis extending longitudinally, and the cutting head is equipped with cutting teeth; or the rock breaking structure is a rotatable cutting disc with a rotating axis extending longitudinally, and a roller cutter is installed on the cutting disc.

12. The cutting arm assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that: A tooth seat is arranged on the cutting head, and the cutting teeth are rotatably mounted on the tooth seat.

13. A tunnel boring machine, comprising a main machine and a cutting arm assembly mounted on the main machine, characterized in that: The cutting arm assembly is the cutting arm assembly according to any one of claims 1-12.

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