One-way braking method and one-way braking device

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-way braking method and a one-way braking device thereof, and belongs to the technical field of winding braking. Comprising the following steps that in the initial state, under the cooperation of a spring and a braking part, a braking wheel located at the end of the braking part is located between a rotating wheel and a limiting plate; when the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction, under the cooperation of the brake wheel and the rotating wheel, the brake wheel rotates in the reverse direction and moves along the brake part at the same time, the brake wheel is made to be away from the limiting plate, and the rotating wheel continuously and smoothly rotates in the forward direction; when the rotating wheel rotates in the reverse direction, under the cooperation of the brake wheel and the rotating wheel, the brake wheel rotates in the forward direction, the brake wheel moves along the brake part, the brake wheel moves towards the included angle between the limiting plate and the rotating wheel, and the brake wheel is squeezed to achieve braking. When the rotating wheel rotates reversely, the brake wheel is driven to move towards the included angle between the limiting plate and the rotating wheel, and braking of the rotating wheel can be achieved under cooperation of the brake wheel and the limiting plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of winding brakes, and in particular relates to a one-way braking method and a one-way braking device. Background Art

[0002] The existing braking methods are mainly divided into three categories, including friction braking, hydraulic braking and electric braking. Among them, the friction braking method uses friction to convert the kinetic energy of moving parts into heat energy to achieve braking. This category includes pad brakes, belt brakes, slider brakes, disc brakes, magnetic powder brakes, etc. The hydraulic braking method uses the blades of the water turbine to convert the kinetic energy of the moving parts into the heat energy of the working fluid to achieve braking, such as water eddy current brakes. The electric braking method is that after the motor is powered off, driven by mechanical kinetic energy, the motor runs as a generator and consumes the generated electricity to achieve braking. When the generated electricity is connected to the braking resistor, it is called resistance braking; when the generated electricity is connected back to the power grid, it is called regenerative braking.

[0003] The friction brake structure of the existing rotating system generally adopts a clamping method when providing friction resistance, and the rotating system cannot rotate in both directions under the braking state. When the application environment requires unidirectional rotation, unidirectional friction braking cannot be provided. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To provide a one-way braking method and a one-way braking device thereof, which solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] Technical solution: A one-way braking method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] In the initial state, the brake wheel at the end of the brake part is located between the rotating wheel and the limit plate under the cooperation of the spring and the brake part. At this time, the outer contour of the brake wheel is in surface contact with the outer contour of the rotating wheel and the limit plate.

[0007] When the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction, the brake wheel cooperates with the rotating wheel to make the brake wheel rotate in the reverse direction and move along the brake part at the same time, so that the brake wheel is away from the limit plate, and the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction continuously and smoothly;

[0008] When the rotating wheel rotates in the reverse direction, the brake wheel cooperates with the rotating wheel to make the brake wheel rotate forward, so that the brake wheel moves along the braking part, and the brake wheel moves to the angle between the limit plate and the rotating wheel, and squeezes the brake wheel under the cooperation of the limit plate and the rotating wheel to achieve braking of the rotating wheel;

[0009] When external force is applied to the braking part, the braking part partially contacts with the limit plate surface, that is, the braking wheel is away from the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is reset. After the rotating wheel is completely reset, the external force applied to the braking part is cancelled, and under the action of the spring, the braking part is away from the limit plate, completing the reset of the braking part and the braking wheel.

[0010] Preferably, the radius of the brake wheel after being squeezed is calculated according to Hooke's law, and the calculation formula is shown in formula (1):

[0011]

[0012] In the formula: r1 represents the initial radius of the brake wheel; F represents the rotational power of the rotating wheel; μ represents the static friction coefficient of the brake wheel; k represents the stiffness coefficient of the brake wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the radius r of the rotating wheel and the vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the friction slope are obtained. OD , the difference h between the vertical distance between the center of the rotating wheel and the friction slope and the radius of the rotating wheel is calculated by formula (2), where formula (2) is as follows:

[0014] h=l OD -r(2);

[0015] Get the radius r1 of the brake wheel in the initial state and the radius r2 of the brake wheel in the squeeze state. Calculate the vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the center of the brake wheel in the initial state by formula (3). FE , where formula (3) is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] The vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the center of the brake wheel in the initial state is calculated. FE Then, the vertical distance l between the center of the brake wheel in the initial state and the center of the brake wheel after being squeezed is calculated by formula (4): QF , where formula (4) is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Preferably, when the rotating wheel rotates in the opposite direction, the brake wheel moves along the brake portion, and the calculation process of the brake wheel displacement is as follows:

[0020] Get l FE and l QF The minimum displacement l required for the brake wheel to brake is calculated using formula (5). QN , where formula (5) is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Preferably, during the rotation of the rotating wheel, the rotating wheel and the brake wheel rub against each other. When the brake wheel rotates, the thermal expansion effect causes the brake wheel to move along the braking part. The total temperature rise of the brake wheel is determined by the external temperature rise and the friction temperature rise. The total temperature rise of the brake wheel is ΔT=ΔT1+ΔT2, where ΔT1 is the external temperature rise and ΔT2 is the friction temperature rise. The calculation formula of the external temperature rise ΔT1 is as follows:

[0023] ΔT1=t2-t1 (6);

[0024] Where: t1 represents the outside temperature when the brake wheel is at the initial position, and t2 represents the outside temperature when the brake wheel moves to point M.

[0025] Preferably, the pressure N1 between the rotating wheel and the braking wheel is calculated by formula (7), and formula (7) is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Where: F1 represents the spring force, l RK Indicates the distance from the center of the brake wheel to the rotating connection of the brake part, l MR Indicates the distance between the rotating connection of the brake part and the center of the spring.

[0028] Preferably, after the pressure between the rotating wheel and the braking wheel is calculated, the rotation distance Q is calculated by formula (8), and formula (8) is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Where: θ represents the rotation angle of the rotating wheel;

[0031] After the pressure between the rotating wheel and the brake wheel is completed, the friction temperature rise ΔT2 of the brake wheel is calculated by formula (9), which is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Where: c represents the specific heat capacity of the brake wheel, m represents the mass of the brake wheel;

[0034] The total temperature rise ΔT of the brake wheel can be deduced:

[0035]

[0036] Preferably, according to the linear expansion formula, combined with the total temperature rise of the brake wheel, the radius increment l after the brake wheel expands is calculated. GM , and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] Where: α represents the radial expansion coefficient of the brake wheel;

[0039] The vertical distance between the center of the expanded brake wheel and the center of the rotating wheel is calculated by formula (12), and formula (12) is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] That is, the vertical distance between the radius increment of the brake wheel after expansion and the center of the rotating wheel is the same as the vertical distance between the center of the brake wheel after expansion and the center of the rotating wheel, that is, l GE = l MJ .

[0042] Preferably, the minimum distance l that the brake wheel moves after expansion is QM It is calculated by formula (13), which is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Substituting formula (11), formula (14) and formula (15) into formula (13), the minimum moving distance l of the center of the brake wheel after expansion can be calculated: QM :

[0045]

[0046] A one-way braking device realizes single-line braking through the above-mentioned one-way braking method, including a shell, a rotating wheel is rotatably installed in the shell through an installation shaft, a coil spring is sleeved in the installation shaft, wherein one end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, and the other end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, a limiting plate is installed on the inside of the shell, a spring is installed on the top of the shell, a braking part is rotatably installed on the top of the shell, one end of the braking part is connected to the spring, and the other end of the braking part is provided with a mounting hole, the end of the mounting hole is chamfered, a braking wheel is slidably installed in the mounting hole, and the braking wheel is located at the angle between the limiting plate and the rotating wheel.

[0047] Beneficial effect: The present invention relates to a one-way braking method and a one-way braking device thereof. Under the action of the spring, the braking part drives the braking wheel to contact the rotating wheel surface, that is, when the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction, the braking wheel is driven to rotate, and when thermal expansion occurs during the rotation process, the braking wheel moves in the mounting hole, so that the braking wheel moves in the direction of the spring, so that the rotating wheel can rotate smoothly in the forward direction. When the rotating wheel rotates in the reverse direction, the braking wheel is driven to move in the angle between the limit plate and the rotating wheel, so that the braking of the rotating wheel can be achieved under the cooperation of the braking wheel and the limit plate.

[0048] When an external force is applied to the braking part, the braking wheel is driven away from the rotating wheel by the braking part, so that the rotating wheel can rotate in both directions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the brake part of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the extrusion and expansion of the brake wheel of the present invention.

[0053] Figures 1 to 4 The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are: 1, housing; 2, rotating wheel; 3, limiting plate; 4, braking wheel; 5, braking part; 6, spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a braking method for one-way braking, comprising the following steps:

[0055] In the initial state, the brake wheel at the end of the brake part is located between the rotating wheel and the limit plate under the cooperation of the spring and the brake part. At this time, the outer contour of the brake wheel is in surface contact with the outer contour of the rotating wheel and the limit plate.

[0056] When the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction, the brake wheel cooperates with the rotating wheel to make the brake wheel rotate in the reverse direction and move along the brake part at the same time, so that the brake wheel is away from the limit plate, and the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction continuously and smoothly;

[0057] When the rotating wheel rotates in the reverse direction, the brake wheel rotates in the clockwise direction under the cooperation of the brake wheel and the rotating wheel, so that the brake wheel moves along the braking part, and moves to the angle between the limit plate and the rotating wheel. Under the cooperation of the limit plate and the rotating wheel, the brake wheel is squeezed to achieve braking of the rotating wheel. The radius of the brake wheel after being squeezed is calculated according to Hooke's law, and the calculation formula is shown in formula (1):

[0058]

[0059] In the formula: r1 represents the initial radius of the brake wheel; F represents the rotational power of the rotating wheel; μ represents the static friction coefficient of the brake wheel; k represents the stiffness coefficient of the brake wheel.

[0060] Get the radius r of the rotating wheel and the vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the friction slope OD, the difference h between the vertical distance between the center of the rotating wheel and the friction slope and the radius of the rotating wheel is calculated by formula (2), where formula (2) is as follows:

[0061] h=l OD -r(2);

[0062] Get the radius r1 of the brake wheel in the initial state and the radius r2 of the brake wheel in the squeeze state. Calculate the vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the center of the brake wheel in the initial state by formula (3). FE , where formula (3) is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] The vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the center of the brake wheel in the initial state is calculated. FE Then, the vertical distance l between the center of the brake wheel in the initial state and the center of the brake wheel after being squeezed is calculated by formula (4): QF , where formula (4) is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] When the rotating wheel rotates in the opposite direction, the brake wheel moves along the brake part. The calculation process of the brake wheel displacement is as follows:

[0067] Get l FE and l QF The minimum displacement l required for the brake wheel to brake is calculated using formula (5). QN , where formula (5) is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] During the rotation of the rotating wheel, the rotating wheel and the brake wheel rub against each other. The thermal expansion effect when the brake wheel rotates causes the brake wheel to move along the brake part. The total temperature rise of the brake wheel is determined by the external temperature rise and the friction temperature rise. The total temperature rise of the brake wheel is ΔT=ΔT1+ΔT2, where ΔT1 is the external temperature rise and ΔT2 is the friction temperature rise. The calculation formula of the external temperature rise ΔT1 is as follows:

[0070] ΔT1=t2-t1 (6);

[0071] Where: t1 represents the outside temperature when the brake wheel is at the initial position, and t2 represents the outside temperature when the brake wheel moves to point M.

[0072] The pressure N1 between the rotating wheel and the braking wheel is calculated by formula (7), which is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Where: F1 represents the spring force, l RK Indicates the distance from the center of the brake wheel to the rotating connection of the brake part, l MR Indicates the distance between the rotating connection of the brake part and the center of the spring.

[0075] After the pressure between the rotating wheel and the braking wheel is calculated, the rotation distance Q is calculated by formula (8), which is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] Where: θ represents the rotation angle of the rotating wheel;

[0078] After the pressure between the rotating wheel and the brake wheel is completed, the friction temperature rise ΔT2 of the brake wheel is calculated by formula (9), which is as follows:

[0079]

[0080] Where: c represents the specific heat capacity of the brake wheel, m represents the mass of the brake wheel;

[0081] The total temperature rise ΔT of the brake wheel can be deduced:

[0082]

[0083] According to the linear expansion formula, combined with the total temperature rise of the brake wheel, the radius increment l after the brake wheel expands is calculated. GM , and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Where: α represents the radial expansion coefficient of the brake wheel;

[0086] The vertical distance between the center of the expanded brake wheel and the center of the rotating wheel is calculated by formula (12), and formula (12) is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] That is, the vertical distance between the radius increment of the brake wheel after expansion and the center of the rotating wheel is the same as the vertical distance between the center of the brake wheel after expansion and the center of the rotating wheel, that is, l GE = l MJ .

[0089] The minimum distance l that the brake wheel moves after expansion QM It is calculated by formula (13), which is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] Substituting formula (11), formula (14) and formula (15) into formula (13), the minimum moving distance l of the center of the brake wheel after expansion can be calculated: QM :

[0092]

[0093] When external force is applied to the braking part, the braking part partially contacts with the limit plate surface, that is, the braking wheel is away from the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is reset. After the rotating wheel is completely reset, the external force applied to the braking part is cancelled, and under the action of the spring, the braking part is away from the limit plate, completing the reset of the braking part and the braking wheel.

[0094] A one-way braking device realizes single-line braking through the above-mentioned one-way braking method, including a shell, a rotating wheel is rotatably installed in the shell through an installation shaft, a coil spring is sleeved in the installation shaft, wherein one end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, and the other end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, a limiting plate is installed on the inside of the shell, a spring is installed on the top of the shell, a braking part is rotatably installed on the top of the shell, one end of the braking part is connected to the spring, and the other end of the braking part is provided with a mounting hole, the end of the mounting hole is chamfered, a braking wheel is slidably installed in the mounting hole, and the braking wheel is located at the angle between the limiting plate and the rotating wheel.

[0095] The above-mentioned one-way braking method can be used in devices such as cable storage boxes and elevator cars. The specific scheme used in the cable storage box is as follows:

[0096] A cable storage box with a one-way braking function comprises a shell, a rotating wheel is rotatably installed in the shell through an installation shaft, a coil spring is sleeved in the installation shaft, wherein one end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, and the other end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, a limiting plate is installed on the inner side of the shell, a spring is installed on the top of the shell, a braking part is rotatably installed on the top of the shell, one end of the braking part is connected to the spring, and the other end of the braking part is provided with a mounting hole, the end of the mounting hole is chamfered, a braking wheel is slidably installed in the mounting hole, the braking wheel is located at the angle between the limiting plate and the rotating wheel, and under the action of the spring, the braking part drives the braking wheel to contact the rotating wheel surface, that is, When the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction, the brake wheel is driven to rotate, and when thermal expansion occurs during the rotation process, the brake wheel moves in the mounting hole, causing the brake wheel to move in the direction of the spring, so that the rotating wheel can rotate smoothly in the forward direction; when the rotating wheel rotates in the reverse direction, the brake wheel is driven to move in the angle between the limit plate and the rotating wheel, and the braking of the rotating wheel can be achieved under the cooperation of the brake wheel and the limit plate. A winding wheel is installed on the side of the rotating wheel, and the winding wheel is used for winding the cable. When external force is applied to the braking part, the brake wheel is driven away from the rotating wheel under the drive of the brake part, so that the two-way rotation of the rotating wheel is achieved, and the rotating wheel can be driven to rotate under the action of the winding spring, so that the cable can be automatically wound around the winding wheel.

[0097] The specific solution used in the elevator car is as follows:

[0098] The elevator car anti-fall braking device includes a driving wheel, a brake wheel, a spring, a limit plate and a gravity sensing device installed on the outside of the elevator car. The driving wheel and the brake wheel do not contact each other when the elevator is operating normally. The driving wheel rotates by friction with the car guide rail, rotating forward when ascending and reversely when descending. When the elevator fails and loses weight and falls, the gravity sensing device activates the spring to exert force to make the brake wheel contact the driving wheel. The driving wheel rotating in the opposite direction drives the brake wheel to move toward the angle between the limit plate and the rotating wheel, and the braking of the rotating wheel can be achieved with the cooperation of the brake wheel, the limit plate and the car guide rail, and further the braking of the elevator car.

[0099] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-way braking method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In the initial state, the brake wheel at the end of the brake part is located between the rotating wheel and the limit plate under the cooperation of the spring and the brake part. At this time, the outer contour of the brake wheel is in surface contact with the outer contour of the rotating wheel and the limit plate. When the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction, the brake wheel cooperates with the rotating wheel to make the brake wheel rotate in the reverse direction and move along the brake part at the same time, so that the brake wheel is away from the limit plate, and the rotating wheel rotates in the forward direction continuously and smoothly; When the rotating wheel rotates in the reverse direction, the brake wheel cooperates with the rotating wheel to rotate in the clockwise direction, so that the brake wheel moves along the braking part, and the brake wheel moves to the angle between the limit plate and the rotating wheel, and squeezes the brake wheel under the cooperation of the limit plate and the rotating wheel to achieve braking of the rotating wheel; When external force is applied to the braking part, the braking part partially contacts with the limit plate surface, that is, the braking wheel is away from the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is reset. After the rotating wheel is completely reset, the external force applied to the braking part is cancelled, and under the action of the spring, the braking part is away from the limit plate, completing the reset of the braking part and the braking wheel.

2. A one-way braking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The radius of the brake wheel after being squeezed is calculated according to Hooke's law. The calculation formula is shown in formula (1): In the formula: r1 represents the initial radius of the brake wheel; F represents the rotational power of the rotating wheel; μ represents the static friction coefficient of the brake wheel; k represents the stiffness coefficient of the brake wheel.

3. A one-way braking method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Get the radius r of the rotating wheel and the vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the friction slope OD , the difference h between the vertical distance between the center of the rotating wheel and the friction slope and the radius of the rotating wheel is calculated by formula (2), where formula (2) is as follows: h＝l OD -r(2)； Get the radius r1 of the brake wheel in the initial state and the radius r2 of the brake wheel in the squeeze state. Calculate the vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the center of the brake wheel in the initial state by formula (3). FE , where formula (3) is as follows: The vertical distance l from the center of the rotating wheel to the center of the brake wheel in the initial state is calculated. FE Then, the vertical distance l between the center of the brake wheel in the initial state and the center of the brake wheel after being squeezed is calculated by formula (4): QF , where formula (4) is as follows:

4. A one-way braking method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the rotating wheel rotates in the opposite direction, the brake wheel moves along the brake part. The calculation process of the brake wheel displacement is as follows: Get l FE and l QF The minimum displacement l required for the brake wheel to brake is calculated using formula (5). QN , where formula (5) is as follows:

5. The one-way braking method according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the rotation of the rotating wheel, the rotating wheel and the brake wheel rub against each other. The thermal expansion effect when the brake wheel rotates causes the brake wheel to move along the brake part. The total temperature rise of the brake wheel is determined by the external temperature rise and the friction temperature rise. The total temperature rise of the brake wheel is ΔT=ΔT1+ΔT2, where ΔT1 is the external temperature rise and ΔT2 is the friction temperature rise. The calculation formula of the external temperature rise ΔT1 is as follows: ΔT1=t2-t1 (6); Where: t1 represents the outside temperature when the brake wheel is at the initial position, and t2 represents the outside temperature when the brake wheel moves to point M.

6. A one-way braking method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure N1 between the rotating wheel and the braking wheel is calculated by formula (7), which is as follows: Where: F1 represents the spring force, l RK Indicates the distance from the center of the brake wheel to the rotating connection of the brake part, l MR Indicates the distance between the rotating connection of the brake part and the center of the spring.

7. A one-way braking method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the pressure between the rotating wheel and the braking wheel is calculated, the rotation distance Q is calculated by formula (8), which is as follows: Where: θ represents the rotation angle of the rotating wheel; After the pressure between the rotating wheel and the brake wheel is completed, the friction temperature rise ΔT2 of the brake wheel is calculated by formula (9), which is as follows: Where: c represents the specific heat capacity of the brake wheel, m represents the mass of the brake wheel; The total temperature rise ΔT of the brake wheel can be deduced:

8. The one-way braking method according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to the linear expansion formula, combined with the total temperature rise of the brake wheel, the radius increment l after the brake wheel expands is calculated. GM , and its calculation formula is as follows: Where: α represents the radial expansion coefficient of the brake wheel; The vertical distance between the center of the expanded brake wheel and the center of the rotating wheel is calculated by formula (12), and formula (12) is as follows: That is, the vertical distance between the radius increment of the brake wheel after expansion and the center of the rotating wheel is the same as the vertical distance between the center of the brake wheel after expansion and the center of the rotating wheel, that is, l GE = l MJ .

9. The one-way braking method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The minimum distance l that the brake wheel moves after expansion QM It is calculated by formula (13), which is as follows: Substituting formula (11), formula (14) and formula (15) into formula (13), the minimum moving distance l of the center of the brake wheel after expansion can be calculated: QM :

10. A one-way braking device, which realizes single-line braking by the one-way braking method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes a shell, in which a rotating wheel is rotatably installed via an installation shaft, a coil spring is sleeved in the installation shaft, wherein one end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, and the other end of the coil spring is connected to the rotating wheel, a limiting plate is installed on the inner side of the shell, a spring is installed on the top of the shell, a braking part is rotatably installed on the top of the shell, one end of the braking part is connected to the spring, and the other end of the braking part is provided with a mounting hole, the end of the mounting hole is chamfered, a braking wheel is slidably installed in the mounting hole, and the braking wheel is located at the angle between the limiting plate and the rotating wheel.

Images