Horizontal well bridge-shooting combined accurate perforation method and device for avoiding casing coupling

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal well bridge shooting combined accurate perforation method and device for avoiding casing couplings. The problem that accurate perforation of a casing coupling cannot be avoided due to large perforation depth error in the existing bridge-shooting combined construction is mainly solved. The method is characterized by comprising the steps that the oil top depth, the oil bottom depth, the nearest casing coupling depth of each oil layer, the perforation thickness and the gun head length of each oil layer are determined; the oil top depth and the oil bottom depth are corrected and then compared with the nearest casing coupling depth, the perforation depth is adjusted according to the comparison result, and therefore the lifting value and the ignition mark depth are determined; after well mouth butt joint is completed, a cable is put down, the standard coupling depth is corrected, the cable is put down to a deflecting section, pumping is started, casing coupling data are verified in the pumping process, and stopping is conducted when the casing coupling is pumped to the position 5 m below a first standard coupling; the cable is lifted, and the bridge plug is positioned, ignited and set; and perforating the first cluster, the second cluster and the remaining perforating guns in sequence. According to the method, the perforation depth error is small, perforation can be conducted by avoiding a casing coupling, and accurate fracturing of the shale oil layer is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil and gas well perforation, in particular to a device and method for accurate perforation of a horizontal well by bridge-shot linkage to avoid casing couplings. Background Art

[0002] The cable pumped bridge plug and perforation joint technology is based on the premise that there are communication channels such as channels or cracks between the wellbore and the formation. With the help of the wellhead cable blowout prevention device, the bridge plug and perforation pipe string are lowered to a certain well inclination depth (straight well section or inclined well section) by cable transportation. Then, the bridge-shooting joint pipe string is pumped to the target layer by the pressure difference thrust generated by the fluid flowing through the gap between the pipe string and the casing according to the designed pumping displacement program through the fracturing pump truck and the logging winch. After depth calibration and positioning, the ground control system establishes communication with the downhole selective firing controller, addresses and fires to complete the bridge plug setting, and then the perforating gun string is raised to perform downhole addressing and intelligent selective firing at the designed perforation section to complete the perforation. As a main technology for staged fracturing transformation of unconventional reservoirs, this process has been promoted and applied to hundreds of wells in shale oil and tight oil blocks in Daqing Oilfield, and has gradually matured and improved in large-scale applications.

[0003] The depth positioning of the bridge plug and perforation joint construction adopts the wellhead depth motor or Martindike to measure the number of rotations of the pulley, and then the number of rotations of the pulley × the circumference of the pulley is used to obtain the depth and speed of the cable operation. The perforation depth obtained in this way does not include the elongation of the cable in the well, and there is a certain depth error, which is between 0.5m-1.0m, or even larger, so it is impossible to accurately avoid the casing coupling perforation. Once the perforation is shot on the coupling, it will cause excessive abrasion of the hole during the fracturing process, posing a hidden danger to the long-term safe production of the entire well. With the deepening of shale oil exploration and development, in order to find the "sweet spot", it is required to reduce the perforation depth error, and it is not allowed to shoot on the casing coupling. The existing depth measurement system can no longer meet the needs of shale oil precise perforation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problem that the existing bridge-shooting combined construction has a large perforation depth error and cannot avoid the casing coupling for accurate perforation, the present invention provides a horizontal well bridge-shooting combined construction accurate perforation method and device to avoid the casing coupling. The method has a small perforation depth error and can avoid the casing coupling for perforation, thereby realizing accurate fracturing of the shale oil layer.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a horizontal well bridge shooting joint operation to avoid casing collar accurate perforation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Determine the oil top depth L of each oil layer a , Oil bottom depth L b , the casing collar depth L closest to the oil layer j , perforation thickness D, gun head length Q;

[0007] S2, the oil top depth L in step S1 a , Oil bottom depth L b After correction, the depth L of the nearest casing collar j Compare and adjust the perforation depth according to the comparison results to determine the lifting value U and the ignition mark depth L f ;

[0008] S3. After the wellhead is connected, lower the cable, check the standard coupling depth, lower the cable to the deflection section, start pumping, verify the casing coupling data during pumping, and stop pumping when it is 5m below the first standard coupling;

[0009] S4, lift the cable, and ignite and seal the bridge plug;

[0010] S5, perforating with the first cluster of perforating guns;

[0011] S6, perforating with the second cluster of perforating guns;

[0012] S7. Perforate with the remaining perforating guns.

[0013] Further, in step S2,

[0014] U=L j +QL a -P

[0015] L f =L a +PQ

[0016] Where: P is the correction value;

[0017] Further, the step S2 comprises:

[0018] S2.1, when L b +P <L j hour,

[0019] ① If L j -L b -P<0.5m, make the following adjustments to the perforation depth:

[0020] L b =L j -0.5mP

[0021] L a =L j -D

[0022] ②If L j -L b -P≥0.5m, no perforation depth adjustment is done;

[0023] S2.2, when La +P>L j hour,

[0024] ① If L a +PL j <0.5m, make the following perforation depth adjustments:

[0025] L a =L j +0.5mP

[0026] L b =L a +D

[0027] ②If L a +PL j ≥0.5m, no adjustment of perforation depth;

[0028] S2.3, when L a +P≤L j ≤(L a +P+L b +P) / 2, make the following perforation depth adjustment:

[0029] L a =L j +0.5mP

[0030] L b =L a +D

[0031] S2.4, when (L a +P+L b +P) / 2 <L j ≤L b When +P, make the following adjustments to the perforation depth:

[0032] L b =L j -0.5mP

[0033] L a =L j -D.

[0034] Further, in step S4, when the difference between the last oil top depth and the first standard coupling depth is not less than 5m:

[0035] If the first standard coupling is identified and the standard coupling depth L in step S1 is j The difference should not exceed 3m, and the seal should be set after the upward lifting value U is raised;

[0036] If the first standard coupling is identified but the standard coupling depth L in step S1 is different from the standard coupling depth L in step S2, jIf the difference is greater than 3m, use the standard collar for positioning and then ignite and seal;

[0037] If the first standard coupling is not identified but the coupling curve has a shape, determine whether it is the first standard coupling. If it is the first standard coupling, use the method of identifying the standard coupling for construction, and then ignite and seal;

[0038] If the first-class standard coupling is not recognized and the coupling curve has no shape, align the real-time depth with the ignition mark depth in the calculation report, and then ignite and seal.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S4, when the difference between the last oil top depth and the standard coupling depth is less than 5m, the real-time depth is aligned with the ignition mark depth in the calculation report, and ignition is performed.

[0040] Further, in step S5, if the first cluster of perforating guns and the bridge plug share the second standard coupling, ignite and perforate;

[0041] If the first cluster of perforating guns and the bridge plug are not a standard coupling, proceed to step S6.

[0042] Further, in step S6, after the first cluster of perforating guns perforate,

[0043] If the third standard collar is identified, it is lifted up by a lifting value U and then ignited and perforated;

[0044] If the third standard coupling is identified but the depth difference with the theoretical third standard coupling is greater than 3m, the standard coupling shall be used for construction. After identification, the ignition strip appears and then ignition and perforation are performed;

[0045] Further, in step S6, after the first cluster of perforating guns perforate,

[0046] If the third standard coupling is not identified but the coupling curve has a shape, determine whether it is a standard coupling. If it is a standard coupling, use the method of pointing and locating the standard coupling for construction, and then ignite and perforate;

[0047] If the standard coupling is not identified and there is no shape, use the continuous lifting value to track the lifting positioning, and ignite and perforate after accurate positioning.

[0048] Further, in step S6, the continuous withdrawal value L h It is the distance between the depth of the current ignition mark and the depth of the next ignition mark, that is:

[0049] L h =L f1 -L f2 =(L a1 +P-Q1)-(L a2 +P-Q2)

[0050] Where: L f1The depth of the ignition mark for the current parking; L f2 The depth of the ignition mark for the next parking; L a1 is the oil top depth of the current oil layer; L a2 It is the oil top depth of the next oil layer.

[0051] A horizontal well bridge-shooting precise perforating device for avoiding casing couplings comprises a wellhead device, the lower part of which is connected to a magnetic locator, the lower end of which is sequentially connected to a counterweight rod, a perforating gun, a bridge plug setting tool and a bridge plug, the magnetic locator is connected to a cable, and the cable is connected to a numerical control device after passing through a top pulley and a ground pulley.

[0052] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: due to the adoption of the above scheme, the perforating method can accurately avoid casing joints, greatly reduce the perforating depth error, achieve accurate fracturing of shale oil layers, avoid excessive abrasion of the perforating holes on the couplings during the fracturing process, and make the operation of the entire well safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between standard coupling depth and oil layer position.

[0055] In the figure, 1-top pulley, 2-grease injection control head, 3-blowout preventer riser, 4-cable blowout preventer, 5-wellhead device, 6-magnetic positioner, 7-counterweight rod, 8-perforating gun, 9-bridge plug setting tool, 10-bridge plug, 11-cable, 12-high-pressure grease injection pump, 13-depth motor, 14-ground pulley, and 15-CNC device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0057] Depend on Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a method for accurate perforating by bridge-shot joint operation in a horizontal well to avoid casing collars comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1. Determine the oil top depth L of each oil layer a , Oil bottom depth L b , the casing collar depth L closest to the oil layer j , perforation thickness D, gun head length Q.

[0059] S2, the oil top depth L in step S1 a , Oil bottom depth L b After correction, the depth L of the nearest casing collar jBy comparison, it is determined whether it is necessary to adjust the perforation depth and the bridge plug setting depth so that the perforation hole avoids the casing coupling. The perforation depth is adjusted according to the comparison result to determine the lifting value U and the ignition mark depth L. f ;in

[0060] U=L j +QL a -P (1)

[0061] L f =L a +PQ (2)

[0062] Where: P is the correction value.

[0063] From formula (1) and (2), we can know that the upper value U and the ignition mark depth L f With oil top depth L a and oil bottom depth L b Therefore, the depth of lift U and ignition mark can be determined according to the oil top depth and oil bottom depth.

[0064] According to the different positional relationships between the oil layer and the standard coupling, it can be divided into the following situations:

[0065] S2.1. If the sum of the oil bottom depth and the correction value is shallower than the nearest coupling, that is, L b +P <L j When, see Figure 2 a,

[0066] ① If L j -L b -P<0.5m, make the following adjustments to the perforation depth:

[0067] L b =L j -0.5mP

[0068] L a =L j -D

[0069] ②If L j -L b -P≥0.5m, no perforation depth adjustment is done;

[0070] S2.2. If the sum of the oil bottom depth and the correction value is deeper than the nearest coupling, that is, L a +P>L j When, see Figure 2 b,

[0071] ① If L a +PL j <0.5m, make the following perforation depth adjustments:

[0072] L a =L j +0.5mP

[0073] L b =L a +D

[0074] ②If L a +PL j ≥0.5m, no adjustment of perforation depth;

[0075] S2.3, when L a +P≤L j ≤(L a +P+L b +P) / 2, see Figure 2 c. Make the following perforation depth adjustments:

[0076] L a =L j +0.5mP

[0077] L b =L a +D

[0078] S2.4, when (L a +P+L b +P) / 2 <L j ≤L b +P, see Figure 2 d. Make the following perforation depth adjustments:

[0079] L b =L j -0.5mP

[0080] L a =L j -D.

[0081] Since the depth needs to be readjusted, it is necessary to analyze and calculate from a large amount of coupling data. In particular, shale oil construction requires 24-hour construction, and employees are prone to errors when they are tired. In order to reduce the intensity of manual calculations and avoid manual calculation errors, a coupling-free perforation depth adjustment program has been developed. The coupling-free perforation depth adjustment program adopts a graphical control design. After reading the depth of the oil top and oil bottom, it automatically analyzes and selects the casing coupling as the standard coupling. The depth positions of the oil top, oil bottom and casing coupling are displayed in the form of graphics on the computer screen, so that the operator can see the relative depth relationship of the three at a glance.

[0082] The downhole tool string includes magnetic locators, counterweights, perforating guns, bridge plug setting tools, bridge plugs and other tools. The magnetic locator is used to measure the casing coupling signal. The principle is that when the instrument moves through the casing coupling in the well, the thickening of the casing at the coupling changes the distribution of the magnetic field around the magnet, causing the magnetic flux passing through the coil to change and generate an induced electromotive force, and the magnitude of the induced current is recorded. At the same time, the length of the downhole cable is measured through the wellhead depth counting motor to measure the depth of the coupling, thereby obtaining a casing coupling curve. According to the casing coupling curve, the perforation position in the well can be accurately determined in conjunction with the radioactive logging curve. The counterweight is used to increase the weight of the tool string for easy entry. The perforating gun is designed to be loaded with perforating bullets, detonating cords, detonators and other equipment, and then ignited and detonated to open the formation. After the bridge plug setting tool is powered on on the ground, the igniter in the setting tool is detonated through the cable, and the slow-burning gunpowder is ignited. The slow-burning gunpowder generates gas to push the setting tool to produce relative movement, realizing the setting and release of the bridge plug. The bridge plug is transported to the predetermined position of the wellbore by cables. The pressure generated by the gunpowder blasting, hydraulic setting or mechanical setting tool acts on the upper slip, and the tension acts on the tension rod. The upper and lower cones exert two forces, upper pressure and lower tension, on the sealing rubber tube. When the tension reaches a certain value, the tension rod breaks, and the setting tool is separated from the bridge plug. At this time, the locking device on the center tube of the bridge plug takes effect, the upper and lower slips are broken and embedded in the inner wall of the casing, the rubber tube expands and seals, and the setting is completed.

[0083] S3. Slowly and evenly pull up the cable until the tension increases by 0.5kN-1.0kN, then lower the cable until the tension is restored. The operating engineer places it at a depth of "0". The winch station starts to lower the cable after receiving the command. When the lower well pipe is lowered to 50m above the short casing that is positioned as the landmark in the vertical well section, the measurement begins. After measuring the short casing, the cable is lifted. After measuring the depth and length of the short casing coupling, the machine stops. The operating engineer compares the actual measurement section casing depth data with the short casing depth data of the magnetic map after the casing is released, corrects the measured short casing, and verifies whether the pulley error is accurate. Error control range: coupling depth ±3.0m, casing length ±0.1m. After the depth is calibrated, the cable is lowered. During the entire process of lowering and pumping, the casing coupling automatic identification program automatically identifies the casing coupling and counts the coupling number, so that the measured coupling and the coupling on the magnetic curve diagram correspond one to one. If there is a short casing during pumping, the depth of the short casing needs to be checked, and the shape of the standard casing coupling selected for this section of construction is observed to be normal. The tool string stops after reaching the first standard coupling at a depth of 5m.

[0084] S4. The operating engineer instructs the winch to lift up. The winch post pays close attention to the tension during the lifting process. When the tension is normal, the speed is quickly increased to 1000m / h-1200m / h; then the bridge plug positioning and ignition procedure is carried out.

[0085] When the bridge plug is positioned and ignited, the following situations are included:

[0086] (1) When the difference between the last oil top depth and the first standard coupling depth is not less than 5m:

[0087] If the first standard coupling is identified and the standard coupling depth L in step S1 is j If the difference does not exceed 3m, the tool string will be lifted by the standard coupling, and the lifting distance is the lifting value U. The lifting count adopts a graphical design. After the lifting is zero, the operator clicks the "make ignition mark" button to perform the ignition operation, and clicks the "next time" button after normal ignition.

[0088] If the first standard coupling is identified but the standard coupling depth L in step S1 is different from the standard coupling depth L in step S2, j If the difference is greater than 3m, the winch will stop immediately to avoid over-lifting. The operator will use identification and marking to construct. After identification, the ignition strip will appear when the cable is lightly moved, and the remaining operations are the same as above.

[0089] If the first standard coupling is not recognized but the coupling curve has a shape, the winch will stop immediately to avoid over-lifting. The operator will judge whether it is a standard connection by changing the display ratio, shape and depth. If it is a standard connection, the standard connection will be identified. After identification, the ignition bar will appear on the micro-cable, and the remaining operations are the same as above.

[0090] If the first-class standard coupling is not recognized and the coupling curve has no shape, the real-time depth is aligned with the ignition mark depth in the calculation report, the operator clicks the "make ignition mark" button, performs the ignition operation, and clicks the "next" button after normal ignition.

[0091] (2) When the difference between the last oil top depth and the standard coupling depth is less than 5m, the real-time depth is aligned with the ignition mark depth in the calculation report. The operator presses the "make ignition mark" button to perform the ignition operation, and waits for the bridge plug to be completely seated and released before pressing the "next" button.

[0092] S5. The first cluster of perforating guns perforates. Since the first cluster of guns is closer to the bridge plug, the first cluster of perforating guns and the bridge plug will normally share a standard connection, namely the second standard coupling. After the operator clicks the "Next" button, a new ignition bar will appear. After lifting it up to zero, normal operation can be performed.

[0093] If the first cluster of perforating guns and the bridge plug are not a standard coupling, proceed to step S6.

[0094] S6. The second cluster of perforating guns perforating includes the following situations:

[0095] (1) After the operator clicks the "Next" button, the winch post pays close attention to the tension. According to the equipment conditions, the speed is quickly increased to 1000-1200m / h after the tension is normal. If the third standard coupling is identified and the ignition bar appears, it is raised by one upper value U to zero, and the operator clicks the "Make ignition mark" button to perform the ignition operation. After normal ignition, click the "Next" button.

[0096] (2) If the third standard coupling is identified but the depth difference with the theoretical third standard coupling is greater than 3m, the winch will stop immediately to avoid over-lifting. The operator will use the method of pointing and positioning to construct. After identification, the ignition bar will appear on the micro-cable. After the upper value U is pulled up to zero, the operator clicks the "make ignition mark" button to perform the ignition operation. After normal ignition, click the "next time" button.

[0097] (3) If the third standard coupling is not identified but the shape is present, the winch will stop immediately to avoid over-lifting. The operator will judge whether it is a standard connection by changing the display ratio, shape and depth. If it is a standard connection, the construction will be carried out in the form of identification of the standard connection. After identification, the ignition bar will appear on the micro-movement cable. The operator at the rear of the zero position will click the "make ignition mark" button to perform the ignition operation. After normal ignition, click the "next time" button.

[0098] (4) If the third standard coupling is not identified and there is no shape, use the continuous value L h Track and lift positioning. After the countdown tracking reaches zero, make an ignition mark, click next time, and the continuous lift value will be automatically refreshed. The continuous lift value is the distance between the depth of the current parking ignition mark and the depth of the next parking ignition mark, that is, the difference between the two ignition mark depths:

[0099] L h =L f1 -L f2 =(L a1 +P-Q1)-(L a2 +P-Q2),

[0100] Where: L f1 The depth of the ignition mark for the current parking; L f2 The depth of the ignition mark for the next parking; L a1 is the oil top depth of the current oil layer; L a2 It is the oil top depth of the next oil layer.

[0101] S7. Perforating with the remaining perforating guns. During the positioning and firing process of the remaining perforating guns, if the corresponding standard coupling can be identified, proceed to step S6(1); if the third standard coupling is not identified but has a shape, proceed to step S6(3); if the third standard coupling is not identified and has no shape, proceed to step S6(4).

[0102] A horizontal well bridge-shooting precise perforating device for avoiding casing couplings comprises a cable 11 and a wellhead device 5. A cable blowout prevention device 4 is fixed on the wellhead device 5. A blowout prevention riser 3 is fixed on the upper part of the cable blowout prevention device 4. A grease injection head 2 is connected to the blowout prevention riser 3. The cable 11 passes through the wellhead device 5 and is connected to a magnetic positioner 6. The lower end of the magnetic positioner 6 is sequentially connected to a counterweight rod 7, a perforating gun 8, a bridge plug setting tool 9 and a bridge plug 10. The cable 11 passes through a sky pulley 1 and a ground pulley 14 and is connected to a numerical control device 15. A depth motor 13 is connected to the ground pulley 14. During construction, the numerical control device 15 can run construction programs such as a perforating depth adjustment program for avoiding couplings, a perforating depth measurement system, a casing coupling automatic identification program, and a bridge-shooting positioning ignition program to ensure accurate perforating depth.

Claims

1. A horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation to avoid casing collars and accurately perforate, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the oil top depth L of each oil layer a , Oil bottom depth L b , the casing collar depth L closest to the oil layer j , perforation thickness D, gun head length Q; S2, the oil top depth L in step S1 a , Oil bottom depth L b After correction, the depth L of the nearest casing collar j Compare and adjust the perforation depth according to the comparison results to determine the lifting value U and the ignition mark depth L f ; S3. After the wellhead is connected, lower the cable, check the standard coupling depth, lower the cable to the deflection section, start pumping, verify the casing coupling data during pumping, and stop pumping when it is 5m below the first standard coupling; S4, lift the cable, and ignite and seal the bridge plug; S5, perforating with the first cluster of perforating guns; S6, perforating with the second cluster of perforating guns; S7. Perforate with the remaining perforating guns.

2. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the step S2, U=L j +Q-L a -P L f =L a +P-Q Where: P is the correction value.

3. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 2 is characterized by: The step S2 comprises: S2.1, when L b +P <L j hour, ① If L j -L b -P<0.5m, make the following adjustments to the perforation depth: IT b =L j -0.5mP L a =L j -D ②If L j -L b -P≥0.5m, no perforation depth adjustment is done; S2.2, when L a +P>L j hour, ① If L a +PL j <0.5m, make the following perforation depth adjustments: IT a =L j +0.5mP L b =L a +D ②If L a +PL j ≥0.5m, no adjustment of perforation depth; S2.3, when L a +P≤L j ≤(L a +P+L b +P) / 2, make the following perforation depth adjustment: IT a =L j +0.5mP L b =L a +D S2.4, when (L a +P+L b +P) / 2 <L j ≤L b When +P, make the following perforation depth adjustments: IT b =L j -0.5mP L a =L j -D.

4. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step S4, when the difference between the last oil top depth and the first standard coupling depth is not less than 5m: If the first standard coupling is identified and the standard coupling depth L in step S1 is j The difference should not exceed 3m, and the seal should be set after the upward lifting value U is raised; If the first standard coupling is identified but the standard coupling depth L in step S1 is different from the standard coupling depth L in step S2, j If the difference is greater than 3m, use the standard collar for positioning and then ignite and seal; If the first standard coupling is not identified but the coupling curve has a shape, determine whether it is the first standard coupling. If it is the first standard coupling, use the method of identifying the standard coupling for construction, and then ignite and seal; If the first-class standard coupling is not recognized and the coupling curve has no shape, align the real-time depth with the ignition mark depth in the calculation report, and then ignite and seal.

5. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step S4, when the difference between the last oil top depth and the standard coupling depth is less than 5m, the real-time depth is aligned with the ignition mark depth in the calculation report, and ignition is performed.

6. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 5 is characterized by: In step S5, if the first cluster of perforating guns and the bridge plug share the second standard coupling, ignite and perforate; If the first cluster of perforating guns and the bridge plug are not a standard coupling, proceed to step S6.

7. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 6 is characterized by: In step S6, after the first cluster of perforating guns perforate, If the third standard collar is identified, it is lifted up by a lifting value U and then ignited and perforated; If the third standard coupling is identified but the depth difference with the theoretical third standard coupling is greater than 3m, the standard coupling shall be used for construction. After identification, an ignition strip shall appear and then ignition and perforation shall be performed.

8. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 6 is characterized by: In step S6, after the first cluster of perforating guns perforate, If the third standard coupling is not identified but the coupling curve has a shape, determine whether it is a standard coupling. If it is a standard coupling, use the method of pointing and locating the standard coupling for construction, and then ignite and perforate; If the standard coupling is not identified and there is no shape, use the continuous lifting value to track the lifting positioning, and ignite and perforate after accurate positioning.

9. The horizontal well bridge-shot joint operation and casing collar-avoiding precise perforating method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step S6, the continuous withdrawal value L h It is the distance between the depth of the current ignition mark and the depth of the next ignition mark, that is: L h =L f1 -L f2 =(L a1 +P-Q1)-(L a2 +P-Q2) Where: L f1 The depth of the ignition mark for the current parking; L f2 The depth of the ignition mark for the next parking; L a1 is the oil top depth of the current oil layer; L a2 It is the oil top depth of the next oil layer.

10. A horizontal well bridge-type perforating device for avoiding casing collars, comprising a wellhead device (5), characterized in that: The lower part of the wellhead device (5) is connected to a magnetic locator (6), the lower end of which is sequentially connected to a counterweight rod (7), a perforating gun (8), a bridge plug setting tool (9) and a bridge plug (10), the magnetic locator (6) is connected to a cable (11), and the cable (11) is connected to a numerical control device (15) after passing through a sky pulley (1) and a ground pulley (14).

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