Deformation control supporting structure for large-deformation tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a deformation control supporting structure for a large-deformation tunnel, and relates to the technical field of tunnel supporting. The device comprises a first support and a second support, the second support comprises an air bag, the air bag is connected with an air pump for inflation and deflation, a rolling mechanism is arranged in the air bag and provided with a winding drum, the winding drum is provided with a first inhaul cable and a second inhaul cable which are the same in winding direction, and the first inhaul cable is connected with the top of the left side of the air bag; the first support comprises a left side supporting frame, an arch-shaped supporting top and a right side supporting frame, the left end of the arch-shaped supporting top is rotationally connected with the left side supporting frame, and the right end of the arch-shaped supporting top is rotationally connected with the right side supporting frame. The arch-shaped supporting top is provided with a deformation supporting piece connected with the left side supporting frame and the right side supporting frame. The deformation control supporting structure for the large-deformation tunnel increases the supporting area by controlling the air bags, and has the advantages of being high in supporting strength and good in supporting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The deformation and damage of surrounding rock in tunnel projects mainly include rock burst, collapse and large deformation. Among them, large deformation of tunnel refers to the deformation and instability of surrounding rock after tunnel excavation due to the combined effect of various geological factors (high ground stress, groundwater or self-expansion performance), and the loss or partial loss of its self-bearing capacity. It has strong progressiveness and timeliness, and is a type of geological disaster that easily causes construction difficulties, damages construction equipment, and increases construction costs. The deformation generated during the actual tunnel excavation process is affected by the spatial effect of the excavation construction process and layout.

[0003] There are two main types of tunnel large deformation support, flexible structure support and rigid structure support. Rigid structure support mainly includes high-rigidity initial support and lining structure, and large-scale surrounding rock reinforcement method. However, in the case of large deformation, in order to effectively control large deformation, rigid support often requires a relatively large size and is not economical. Flexible structure obviously has better support effect. Flexible structure mainly relies on the deformation of the material or structure itself to adapt to large deformation, thereby avoiding being crushed. Airbags are a widely used deformation structure in flexible structure support, but the surface area of ​​the airbag will increase after the airbag is inflated, and then the wall thickness of the airbag will become thinner, resulting in lower strength of the airbag, and then lower strength of the overall support structure.

[0004] Therefore, the technology formed by using airbags as components of the support structure in existing flexible supports needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the strength of the flexible structural support containing airbags in the prior art will decrease after being inflated. The purpose is to provide a deformation control support structure for large deformation tunnels. In the stage when the large deformation development is still not stable, a corresponding technical scheme is adopted, which has the advantages of high support strength and good support effect. Therefore, the deformation can be controlled by the flexible support structure in the deformation development stage, and the final lining structure is applied after the deformation is stable, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the tunnel under large deformation conditions.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel, comprising a first support located inside and a second support located outside.

[0008] The second support comprises a plurality of air bags installed on the outside of the first support, the air bags are connected to an air pump for inflation and deflation, a rolling mechanism is arranged inside the air bags, the rolling mechanism is arranged with a reel, the reel is arranged with a first cable and a second cable having the same winding direction, the first cable is connected to the top of the left side of the air bag, the second cable is connected to the top of the right side of the air bag, after the first cable is tightened / released, the support area of ​​the left side and the top of the air bag is reduced / increased, after the second cable is tightened / released, the support area of ​​the right side and the top of the air bag is reduced / increased, and a support plate is arranged on the outside of the air bag,

[0009] The first support includes a left support frame, an arched support top and a right support frame, the left end of the arched support top is rotatably connected to the left support frame, the right end of the arched support top is rotatably connected to the right support frame, and the arched support top is provided with a deformable support member connected to the left support frame and the right support frame.

[0010] Furthermore, in the present invention, arc-shaped covers are provided at the left top and the right top of the inside of the airbag, the arc-shaped covers are connected to the first cable, the arc-shaped covers are connected to the second cable, and reinforcing horizontal bars are provided on the surface of the airbag.

[0011] Furthermore, in the present invention, hinges are connected between the above-mentioned supporting plates.

[0012] Furthermore, in the present invention, the first support is provided with a telescopic support column, and the telescopic support column is connected to the middle part of the hinge.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, the telescopic support column comprises a sleeve connected to the first support, a spring is arranged in the sleeve, and the spring is connected to a support rod connected to the middle part of the hinge.

[0014] Furthermore, in the present invention, the telescopic support column is configured as an electrically controlled hydraulic push rod.

[0015] Furthermore, in the present invention, the above-mentioned supporting plates are configured as prefabricated cement plates or steel plates.

[0016] Furthermore, in the present invention, the above also includes an anchor rod passing through the first support and the support plate.

[0017] Furthermore, in the present invention, the first support mentioned above includes side plates, and a transverse plate is arranged between two of the side plates.

[0018] Furthermore, in the present invention, the above-mentioned supporting plate is provided with a pressure sensor, and the deformable supporting member is configured as an electrically controlled hydraulic push rod.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] When the surrounding rock of the tunnel project is deformed and needs to move outward, and the airbag needs to expand to provide stronger and wider support, the air pump inflates the airbag, and at the same time the winding mechanism controls the reel to release the first and second cables, the height of the left and right sides of the airbag increases, and the width of the top of the airbag increases, thereby increasing the support area of ​​the airbag. By increasing the area in this way, the thickness of the airbag will not be reduced after the airbag expands, which effectively solves the problem of reduced strength caused by the thinning of the material thickness after the existing airbag expands, making the airbag stronger and more capable of bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of a deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front schematic diagram of a deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second support of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the airbag of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first support and the support plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support column of the present invention.

[0028] Markings and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings: 1-first support, 101-left support frame, 102-arched support top, 103-right support frame, 104-side plate, 105-cross plate, 2-second support, 201-air bag, 202-air pump, 203-arc cover, 204-reinforced cross bar, 3-rolling mechanism, 301-reel, 302-first cable, 303-second cable, 4-deformable support member, 5-support plate, 501-hinge, 502-telescopic support column, 5021-sleeve, 5022-spring, 5023-support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation mode of the present invention and its description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to Example 1 of the present invention is shown, and the specific structure is described as follows.

[0033] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel of this embodiment 1 includes two parts, namely, a first support 1 and a second support 2. The first support 1 is located on the inner side, and the second support 2 is located on the outer side.

[0034] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first support 1 is similar in shape to an arch and adopts a steel frame structure. The first support 1 is mainly composed of three parts: a left support frame 101, an arch support top 102 and a right support frame 103. The left support frame 101 is used to support the left side of the tunnel, the right support frame 103 is used to support the right side of the tunnel, and the arch support top 102 is used to support the top of the tunnel. The top of the left support frame 101 is hingedly connected to the left end of the arch support top 102, and the top of the right support frame 103 is hingedly connected to the right end of the arch support top 102, so that the arch support top 102 can be movable, so as to realize the deformation of the first support 1 and better cope with the deformation of the surrounding rock of the project.

[0035] Furthermore, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top end of the deformable support member 4 on the left is hinged to the arched support top 102, and its bottom end is hinged to the left support frame 101; the top end of the deformable support member 4 on the right is hinged to the arched support top 102, and its bottom end is hinged to the right support frame 103. The deformation degree of the first support 1 is controlled by the deformable support member 4, and the use effect is better.

[0036] In some implementations of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the second support 2 is mainly composed of an airbag 201 and an air pump 202, wherein a plurality of airbags 201 are sequentially installed along the outer side of the first support 1, the bottom surface of the airbag 201 is in contact with the outer surface of the first support 1, and the cross section of the airbag 201 is approximately trapezoidal. A support plate 5 is installed on the top surface of the airbag 201.

[0037] Further, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the air pump 202 is installed on the inner wall of the first support 1, and the pipeline of the air pump 202 passes through the first support 1 and is inserted into the airbag 201, so as to facilitate the inflation and deflation of the airbag 201.

[0038] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a rolling mechanism 3 is installed inside the airbag 201. The rolling mechanism 3 can be a combination of a motor and a reducer. The reel 301 is connected to the output shaft of the reducer. After the rolling mechanism 3 is working, it can drive the reel 301 to rotate forward or reverse.

[0039] Furthermore, the first cable 302 and the second cable 303 are separately wound on the drum 301, and the first cable 302 and the second cable 303 are wound in the same direction, so that the first cable 302 and the second cable 303 are released at the same time when the drum 301 rotates clockwise, or the first cable 302 and the second cable 303 are tightened at the same time when the drum 301 rotates counterclockwise. Figure 4As shown, the first cable 302 is connected to the airbag 201 after being passed around the bottom of the drum 301 , and the second cable 303 is connected to the airbag 201 after being passed around the top of the drum 301 .

[0040] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first cable 302 is connected to the upper left corner of the airbag 201, and the second cable 303 is connected to the upper right corner of the airbag 201. When the first cable 302 and the second cable 303 are tightened, the air pump 202 is used to extract the gas in the airbag 201, and the first cable 302 pulls the left top surface and the top left surface of the airbag 201 inward, and the second cable 303 pulls the right top surface and the top right surface of the airbag 201 inward, reducing the surface area and volume of the airbag 201, which is conducive to the contraction deformation of the deformation control support structure used in the large deformation tunnel. When the first cable 302 and the second cable 303 are released, the air pump 202 is used to inflate the airbag 201, and the left top surface and the top left surface of the airbag 201 are turned outward, and the right top surface and the top right surface of the airbag 201 are turned outward, increasing the surface area and volume of the airbag 201, which is conducive to the expansion deformation of the deformation control support structure used in the large deformation tunnel.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel in this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1, and the specific structure is described as follows.

[0043] Combination Figure 4 As shown, since the left and right top edges of the airbag 201 are concave inward, in order to facilitate the connection with the first cable 302 and the second cable 303 and to facilitate the pulling of the first cable 302 and the second cable 303, a metal arc cover 203 is installed on the inner wall of the left top edge. The arc cover 203 is in the shape of a long strip and is arranged and installed along the left and right top edges. The cross section of the arc cover 203 is arc-shaped, which is convenient for fitting with the inner wall surface of the airbag 201.

[0044] Further, combined with Figure 4 As shown, the reinforcing cross bar 204 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air bag 201, and the reinforcing cross bar 204 is installed equidistantly along the inner wall of the air bag 201. The reinforcing cross bar 204 serves to increase the strength of the air bag 201.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel in this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1, and the specific structure is described as follows.

[0047] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, multiple support plates 5 are spliced ​​and installed on the outside of the airbag 201, and the support plates 5 cover the outer surface of the deformation control support structure for the large deformation tunnel. In order to allow the deformation control support structure for the large deformation tunnel to deform and cope with different support environments, a hinge 501 is installed between two adjacent support plates 5, and the hinged part of the hinge 501 is located at the lower side of the support plate 5, and the cross section of the entire hinge 501 is a "V" shape.

[0048] Further, combined with Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a telescopic support column 502 is installed on the outer side of the first support 1, and the top end of the telescopic support column 502 is connected to the middle part of the hinge 501.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel in this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 3, and the specific structure is described as follows.

[0051] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the telescopic support column 502 includes a sleeve 5021 and a support rod 5023. The sleeve 5021 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first support 1, and the support rod 5023 is inserted into the sleeve 5021. The spring 5022 in the sleeve 5021 lifts the bottom end of the support rod 5023, and the rotating shaft in the middle of the hinge 501 passes through the top of the support rod 5023. The telescopic support column 502 plays a role in supporting the support plate 5 and the hinge 501.

[0052] In this embodiment, the telescopic support column 502 can also use an electronically controlled hydraulic push rod, the deformable support member 4 also uses an electronically controlled hydraulic push rod, and the support plate 5 is provided with a pressure sensor, such as a water pressure gauge and an earth pressure gauge. Through the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor, the system controls the telescopic support column 502, the deformable support member 4, the air pump 202 and the rolling mechanism 3 to work, thereby controlling the deformation control support structure for the large deformation tunnel to achieve a better support effect.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel in this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1, and the specific structure is described as follows.

[0055] In this embodiment, the support plate 5 is made of prefabricated cement board or steel plate, which has good support strength. In order to make the support more stable, a support anchor rod is also installed, which passes through the first support 1 and the support plate 5 and is inserted into the rock and soil to play an anchoring role.

[0056] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the left support frame 101, the arched support top 102 and the right support frame 103 of the first support 1 are all composed of side panels 104 and cross panels 105. The two side panels 104 are installed one after the other, and multiple cross panels 105 are installed between the two side panels 104. The two ends of the cross panel 105 are fixed to the side panels 104 by bolt connection and welding. The structure is simple and the overall strength is good.

[0057] The working principle of the deformation control support structure for large deformation tunnels of the present invention is as follows:

[0058] When the surrounding rock of the tunnel project is deformed and needs to move outward, and the airbag 201 needs to expand to provide stronger and wider support, the air pump 202 inflates the airbag 201, and at the same time the rolling mechanism 3 controls the reel 301 to release the first cable 302 and the second cable 303, the height of the left and right sides of the airbag 201 increases, and the width of the top of the airbag 201 increases, thereby increasing the support area of ​​the airbag 201. By increasing the area in this way, the thickness of the airbag 201 will not be reduced after the airbag 201 expands, making the airbag 201 stronger and more capable of bearing.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides a deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel, which includes a first support 1 located on the inside and a second support 2 located on the outside, the second support 2 includes a plurality of air bags 201 installed on the outside of the first support 1, the air bags 201 are connected to an air pump 202 for inflation and deflation, a rolling mechanism 3 is arranged inside the air bags 201, the rolling mechanism 3 is provided with a reel 301, the reel 301 is provided with a first cable 302 and a second cable 303 with the same winding direction, the first cable 302 is connected to the left top of the air bag 201, the second cable 303 is connected to the right top of the air bag 201, and the first cable 302 is connected to the left top of the air bag 201. After the cable 302 is tightened / released, the support area of ​​the left side and top of the airbag 201 is reduced / increased, and after the second cable 303 is tightened / released, the support area of ​​the right side and top of the airbag 201 is reduced / increased. A support plate 5 is provided on the outside of the airbag 201. The first support 1 includes a left support frame 101, an arched support top 102 and a right support frame 103. The left end of the arched support top 102 is rotatably connected to the left support frame 101, and the right end of the arched support top 102 is rotatably connected to the right support frame 103. The arched support top 102 is provided with a deformable support member 4 connected to the left support frame 101 and the right support frame 103. The left top and right top of the airbag 201 are provided with an arc cover 203, which is connected to the first cable 302 and the second cable 303. A reinforcing horizontal bar 204 is provided on the surface of the airbag 201. A hinge 501 is connected between the support plates 5 and the support plates 5. The first support 1 is provided with a telescopic support column 502, and the telescopic support column 502 is connected to the middle part of the hinge 501. The telescopic support column 502 includes a sleeve 5021 connected to the first support 1, a spring 5022 is arranged in the sleeve 5021, and the spring 5022 is connected to a support rod 5023 connected to the middle part of the hinge 501. The telescopic support column 502 is configured as an electrically controlled hydraulic push rod. The support plate 5 is configured as a prefabricated cement plate or a steel plate. It also includes an anchor rod passing through the first support 1 and the support plate 5. The first support 1 includes a side plate 104, and a cross plate 105 is arranged between the two side plates 104. The support plate 5 is provided with a pressure sensor, and the deformation support member 4 is configured as an electrically controlled hydraulic push rod. Therefore, the deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel of the present invention has the advantages of high support strength and good support effect.

[0060] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel, characterized in that: It comprises a first support (1) located on the inner side and a second support (2) located on the outer side, The second support (2) comprises a plurality of air bags (201) installed on the outside of the first support (1), the air bags (201) being connected to an air pump (202) for inflation and deflation, a rolling mechanism (3) being arranged inside the air bags (201), the rolling mechanism (3) being provided with a reel (301), the reel (301) being provided with a first cable (302) and a second cable (303) having the same winding direction, the first cable (302) being connected to the top of the left side of the air bag (201), the second cable (303) being connected to the top of the right side of the air bag (201), the support area of ​​the left side and the top of the air bag (201) being reduced / increased after the first cable (302) is tightened / released, the support area of ​​the right side and the top of the air bag (201) being reduced / increased after the second cable (303) is tightened / released, and a supporting plate (5) being arranged on the outside of the air bag (201), The first support (1) comprises a left support frame (101), an arched support top (102) and a right support frame (103); the left end of the arched support top (102) is rotatably connected to the left support frame (101), and the right end of the arched support top (102) is rotatably connected to the right support frame (103); the arched support top (102) is provided with a deformable support member (4) connected to the left support frame (101) and the right support frame (103).

2. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top left and top right of the airbag (201) are provided with arc-shaped covers (203), the arc-shaped covers (203) are connected to the first cable (302), the arc-shaped covers (203) are connected to the second cable (303), and the surface of the airbag (201) is provided with reinforcing horizontal strips (204).

3. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hinge (501) is connected between the supporting plates (5).

4. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first support (1) is provided with a telescopic support column (502), and the telescopic support column (502) is connected to the middle part of the hinge (501).

5. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic support column (502) comprises a sleeve (5021) connected to the first support (1), a spring (5022) is arranged inside the sleeve (5021), and the spring (5022) is connected to a support rod (5023) connected to the middle part of the hinge (501).

6. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic support column (502) is configured as an electrically controlled hydraulic push rod.

7. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (5) is configured as a prefabricated cement plate or a steel plate.

8. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anchor rod passing through the first support (1) and the support plate (5).

9. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support (1) comprises a side plate (104), and a transverse plate (105) is arranged between two side plates (104).

10. The deformation control support structure for a large deformation tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The support plate (5) is provided with a pressure sensor, and the deformable support member (4) is configured as an electrically controlled hydraulic push rod.

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