Phased array ultrasonic detection method for small-diameter tube plug bush welding seam

Abstract

The invention discloses a phased array ultrasonic detection method for a small-diameter pipe insertion welding seam, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a reference block according to a target pipe fitting, the reference block comprises a small-diameter pipe test block and a sleeve test block, one end of the small-diameter pipe test block is inserted into the port of the sleeve test block, and the other end of the small-diameter pipe test block is inserted into the port of the sleeve test block; the port of the sleeve test block and the outer side of the small-diameter tube test block are welded to form a plug bush welding seam, and a reference reflector is arranged in the plug bush welding seam; selecting a first ultrasonic probe and a first wedge block arranged in the first ultrasonic probe, placing the first ultrasonic probe on the detection surface of the small-diameter tube test block, and performing sensitivity adjustment for the first time; selecting a second ultrasonic probe and a second wedge block arranged in the second ultrasonic probe, placing the second ultrasonic probe on the detection surface of the casing test block, and carrying out sensitivity adjustment for the second time; and respectively checking the small-diameter tube plug bush weld joints on the outer side of the target small-diameter tube and the outer side of the target sleeve, and evaluating the defects of the small-diameter tube plug bush weld joints. The method can be used for detecting the internal defects of the small-diameter tube plug bush welding seam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power plant small-diameter pipe defect detection, and in particular to a phased array ultrasonic detection method for a small-diameter pipe sleeve weld. Background Art

[0002] The existing method for volume inspection (inspection of internal defects) of small-diameter pipe sleeve welds is only radiographic inspection, which has disadvantages such as high radiation risk, large on-site isolation boundary and low efficiency. There is a phased array ultrasonic inspection method for butt welds of small-diameter pipes (pipe outer diameter ≥32mm, wall thickness ≥3.5mm), but this process is only for butt welds. Compared with the sleeve weld structure, the butt weld structure is simple and there is no detection structure problem. Therefore, providing a quick and efficient detection method for volume inspection of sleeve welds of thin-walled non-standard small-diameter pipes is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a phased array ultrasonic detection method for small-diameter pipe sleeve welds.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a phased array ultrasonic detection method for a small-diameter pipe sleeve weld, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S100, making a comparison test block according to the target pipe fitting, the comparison test block comprising a small-diameter pipe test block and a casing test block, one end of the small-diameter pipe test block is inserted into the port of the casing test block, the port of the casing test block and the outer side of the small-diameter pipe test block are welded to form a plug-in weld, and a reference reflector is provided in the plug-in weld;

[0006] S200, selecting a first ultrasonic probe and a first wedge block provided in the first ultrasonic probe, placing the first ultrasonic probe on the detection surface of the small-diameter pipe test block, and performing a first sensitivity adjustment according to a signal of a reference reflector in the sleeve weld;

[0007] S300, selecting a second ultrasonic probe and a second wedge block provided in the second ultrasonic probe, placing the second ultrasonic probe on the detection surface of the casing test block, and performing a second sensitivity adjustment according to the signal of the reference reflector in the sleeve weld;

[0008] S400, using a first ultrasonic probe in conjunction with a first wedge to inspect the small-diameter tube sleeve weld of a target pipe fitting at the outside of a target small-diameter tube of the target pipe fitting; using a second ultrasonic probe in conjunction with a second wedge to inspect the small-diameter tube sleeve weld at the outside of a target casing of the target pipe fitting, and evaluating defects of the small-diameter tube sleeve weld based on the inspection results.

[0009] In some embodiments, in step S100, the detection surface curvature of the small-diameter tube test block is 0.9 to 1.1 times the detection surface curvature of the target small-diameter tube of the target pipe fitting, the detection surface curvature of the casing test block is 0.9 to 1.1 times the detection surface curvature of the target casing of the target pipe fitting, the sleeve weld and the small-diameter tube sleeve weld of the target pipe fitting are made by the same welding method, and a reference reflector is made in the sleeve weld as an artificial defect.

[0010] In some embodiments, in step S100, the reference reflector includes at least three reflection holes distributed at different depths in the sleeve weld, and the distances between each reflection hole and the end face of the casing test block are different; the reflection hole is an arc-shaped waist hole, the center of the arc-shaped waist hole is located on the central axis of the small-diameter tube test block, and the arc-shaped waist hole is extended along the circumferential direction of the small-diameter tube test block.

[0011] In some embodiments, in step S200, the frequency of the first ultrasonic probe is 5 MHz to 7.5 MHz, the number of chips of the first ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 16, and the curvature of the first wedge block is 0.9 to 1.1 times the diameter of the target small-diameter tube of the target pipe; during the first sensitivity adjustment process, the signal of the reference reflector in the comparison test block is found by the first ultrasonic probe, the signal is recorded and TCG compensation is performed, and then the benchmark sensitivity calibration is performed.

[0012] In some embodiments, in step S300, the frequency of the second ultrasonic probe is 5 MHz to 7.5 MHz, the number of chips of the second ultrasonic probe is greater than or equal to 16, and the curvature of the second wedge is 0.9 to 1.1 times the diameter of the target casing of the target pipe; during the second sensitivity adjustment process, the signal of the reference reflector in the comparison test block is found by the second ultrasonic probe, the signal is recorded and TCG compensation is performed, and then the benchmark sensitivity calibration is performed.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step S400, during the scanning and detection process, if the amplitude of the echo signal received by the first ultrasonic probe or the second ultrasonic probe exceeds a set detection threshold, the signal is recorded and the defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld are evaluated. The detection threshold is 50% of the amplitude of the echo signal generated by the reference reflector in the comparison test block.

[0014] In some embodiments, step S400 includes the following sub-steps:

[0015] S401, coating coupling agent on the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube and the detection surface of the target casing respectively, the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube is the outer surface of the target small-diameter tube close to the small-diameter tube plug-in weld, and the detection surface of the target casing is the outer surface of the target casing close to the small-diameter tube plug-in weld;

[0016] S402, the first ultrasonic probe circles around the detection surface of the target small-diameter pipe to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld; the second ultrasonic probe circles around the detection surface of the target casing to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S402, a phased array ultrasonic scanning method is used by a first ultrasonic probe to scan the small-diameter tube sleeve weld on the side of the first ultrasonic probe, and the defects of the small-diameter tube sleeve weld are evaluated according to the detection results; a phased array ultrasonic scanning method is used by a second ultrasonic probe to scan the small-diameter tube sleeve weld on the side of the second ultrasonic probe, and the defects of the small-diameter tube sleeve weld are evaluated according to the detection results; the phased array ultrasonic scanning methods include type A scanning, type B scanning and type S scanning.

[0018] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the small diameter tube test block is 14 mm to 32 mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm to 3.5 mm.

[0019] In some embodiments, the detection angle of the first wedge block and the second wedge block is 50° to 60°, the front edge size is 6 to 9 mm, the length is 15 to 20 mm, and the width is 20 to 25 mm.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention: In the phased array ultrasonic detection method for the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld of the present invention, a comparison test block is first made according to the target pipe fitting, and a reference reflector is provided in the sleeve weld of the comparison test block as a known defect. Then, the sensitivity of the sleeve weld detection is adjusted on the detection surface of the small-diameter pipe test block of the comparison test block by the first ultrasonic probe and the first wedge block, and the sensitivity of the sleeve weld detection is adjusted on the detection surface of the sleeve test block of the comparison test block by the second ultrasonic probe and the second wedge block. Subsequently, defect detection of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld is performed on the outside of the target small-diameter pipe and the outside of the target sleeve of the target pipe fitting, respectively. Full coverage of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld can be achieved through multiple ultrasonic reflections, which is also beneficial for inspecting defects at different angles in the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld. By detecting and verifying the known defects of the sleeve weld, the process parameters of the phased array ultrasonic detection of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld can be determined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the phased array ultrasonic detection method of the small diameter pipe sleeve weld of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of detection of a comparison test block in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a front cross-sectional view of a comparative test block in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is an S-shaped scanning inspection diagram of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld on the inspection surface of the target small-diameter pipe of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is an S-shaped scanning inspection diagram of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld on the inspection surface of the target casing of the present invention;

[0027] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate as follows: 1. small diameter pipe test block; 2. casing test block; 3. insert sleeve weld; 31. reflection hole; 4. first ultrasonic probe; 5. second ultrasonic probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Features defined as "first", "second", "third", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] It should be noted that the flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor do they have to be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be decomposed, while some operations / steps can be combined or partially combined, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a phased array ultrasonic detection method for a small-diameter pipe sleeve weld, which is used to inspect the internal defects of the sleeve weld of a thin-walled non-standard small-diameter pipe (volume inspection). The phased array ultrasonic detection method includes the following steps:

[0031] S100. A comparison test block is manufactured according to the target pipe fitting, wherein the comparison test block comprises a small-diameter pipe test block 1 and a casing test block 2. One end of the small-diameter pipe test block 1 is inserted into the port of the casing test block 2. The port of the casing test block 2 and the outer side of the small-diameter pipe test block 1 are welded to form a sleeve weld 3 (corresponding to the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld of the target pipe fitting). A reference reflector is provided in the sleeve weld 3.

[0032] In step S100, a comparison test block is made according to the target pipe fitting in a 1:1 ratio, the target pipe fitting includes a target small-diameter pipe and a target sleeve sleeved at one end of the target small-diameter pipe, a small-diameter pipe insert weld is provided between the port of the target sleeve and the outer side of the target small-diameter pipe, and the small-diameter pipe insert weld surrounds the outer side of the target small-diameter pipe. Among them, the curvature of the detection surface of the small-diameter pipe test block 1 is similar to the curvature of the detection surface of the target small-diameter pipe of the target pipe fitting, for example, the curvature of the detection surface of the small-diameter pipe test block 1 is 0.9-1.1 times the curvature of the detection surface of the target small-diameter pipe, and the detection surface of the small-diameter pipe test block 1 is the outer surface of the small-diameter pipe test block 1 close to the insert weld 3; the curvature of the detection surface of the casing test block 2 is similar to the curvature of the detection surface of the target casing of the target pipe fitting, for example, the curvature of the detection surface of the casing test block 2 is 0.9-1.1 times the curvature of the detection surface of the target casing, and the detection surface of the casing test block 2 is the outer surface of the casing test block 2 close to the insert weld 3. The socket weld 3 and the small-diameter socket weld of the target pipe are made by the same welding method, and a reference reflector is further made as an artificial defect in the socket weld 3. It can be understood that the method for making the reference reflector can adopt existing technology, such as electric spark process, which will not be repeated here.

[0033] The target small-diameter tube is a thin-walled non-standard small-diameter tube with an outer diameter of 14 mm to 32 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm to 3.5 mm. Correspondingly, the outer diameter of the small-diameter tube test block 1 is 14 mm to 32 mm and the wall thickness is 2 mm to 3.5 mm. The present invention does not specifically limit the outer diameter and wall thickness of the small-diameter tube test block 1.

[0034] The reference reflector includes at least three reflective holes 31 distributed at different depths in the socket weld 3, and the distances between each reflective hole 31 and the end face of the casing test block 2 are different. The number of reflective holes 31 can be selected according to actual detection requirements. The reflective holes 31 are distributed at different positions near the surface, middle, and root of the socket weld 3 to simulate defects representing different depths. The accuracy of the detection method is verified by testing the reflective holes 31 (known defects) at different depths. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the test block is shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 For the comparison of the front cross-sectional view of the test block, the reference reflector includes four reflection holes 31 distributed at different depths in the socket weld 3. The reflection hole 31 is an arc-shaped waist hole. The center of the arc-shaped waist hole is located on the central axis of the small-diameter tube test block 1. The arc-shaped waist hole is formed along the peripheral direction of the small-diameter tube test block 1. The aperture of the arc-shaped waist hole is preferably 1 mm, and the arc length of the arc-shaped waist hole is not limited. The relevant standards for ultrasonic testing generally require the aperture of the reflection hole 31 to be 2 mm, while the aperture of the reflection hole 31 selected by the present invention for thin-walled small-diameter tubes is 1 mm.

[0035] Furthermore, CIVA simulation technology is used to predict the actual results of nondestructive testing, and the parameters of the phased ultrasonic probe and the detection process are designed and optimized based on the detection results. CIVA simulation is an existing professional nondestructive testing simulation platform. CIVA simulation modeling is based on the semi-analytical method. The CIVA ultrasonic module includes two parts: sound field simulation and defect response. The sound field simulation can simulate the distribution of the ultrasonic beam in the workpiece (such as the target pipe), and the defect response can simulate the interaction between the ultrasonic wave and the internal defects of the weld. The specific simulation method can be selected according to actual needs and is not limited here. Through CIVA sound field simulation and defect response simulation, the ultrasonic probe parameters and detection process parameters are designed according to the obtained simulation results. Since CIVA simulation is a theoretical simulation, further practical verification is still needed, that is, the plug-in weld of the comparison test block needs to be verified by phased array ultrasonic detection.

[0036] S200, select the first ultrasonic probe 4 and the first wedge (not shown) provided in the first ultrasonic probe 4, place the first ultrasonic probe 4 on the detection surface of the small-diameter pipe test block 1, and perform the first sensitivity adjustment according to the signal of the reference reflector in the socket weld 3.

[0037] In step S200, the frequency of the first ultrasonic probe 4 is 5 MHz to 7.5 MHz, and 5 MHz, 6 MHz, 7 MHz, 7.5 MHz, etc. can be selected. The first ultrasonic probe 4 has chips, and the number of chips is greater than or equal to 16. The chips of the first ultrasonic probe 4 can adopt the existing technology, which will not be repeated here. The number of chips of the first ultrasonic probe 4 can be greater than or equal to 16, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0038] The first wedge block has a curved surface in contact with the detection surface of the small-diameter tube test block 1. The curved surface has a certain curvature, which is convenient for the first wedge block to fit with the small-diameter tube test block 1. The curvature of the first wedge block is 0.9 to 1.1 times the diameter of the target small-diameter tube, and 0.9 times, 1.0 times, 1.1 times, etc. can be selected. The detection angle of the first wedge block is 50° to 60°, the front edge size is 6 to 9 mm, the length is 15 to 20 mm, and the width is 20 to 25 mm. Specifically, the detection angle of the first wedge block can be selected from 50°, 53°, 55°, 58°, 60°, etc., the front edge size can be selected from 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, etc., the length can be selected from 15 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, etc., and the width can be selected from 20 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 25 mm, etc. Among them, based on the fact that the detection surface is the thin-walled outer side of the small-diameter tube, in order to maximize the scanning angle, the front edge size of the first wedge block should be minimized, so the front edge size of the first wedge block of the present invention is selected to be 6 to 9 mm.

[0039] During the first sensitivity adjustment process, the signal of the reference reflector in the comparison test block is found by the first ultrasonic probe 4, the signal is recorded and TCG compensation (Time-Corrected Gain) is performed, and then the reference sensitivity calibration is performed. Specifically, the first ultrasonic probe 4 and the first wedge are first connected to the phased array ultrasonic instrument to form a first measurement system, and the sensitivity of the first measurement system is adjusted using the comparison test block, wherein the first ultrasonic probe 4 transmits and receives ultrasonic signals, thereby finding and identifying the ultrasonic signal reflected by the reference reflector, recording the ultrasonic signal and performing TCG compensation, so that the optimal signal amplitude (i.e., the peak value of the signal) of the reference reflector (i.e., the reflection hole 31) at different depths is consistent, and then the sensitivity of the first measurement system is reduced to a certain level, such as adjusting the sensitivity to 80%, as the reference sensitivity, so as to ensure that in the actual detection process, even if a smaller defect is encountered, sufficient signal strength can be generated for detection personnel to identify and evaluate.

[0040] Among them, TCG compensation is a method for compensating for the reduction in signal strength caused by attenuation when ultrasonic waves propagate in materials. By adjusting the ultrasonic signal reflected by the reference reflector to an appropriate wave height, it is easy to observe and identify the signal. It can be understood that TCG compensation is a conventional technical operation of phased array ultrasonic testing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] S300, select the second ultrasonic probe 5 and the second wedge block (not shown) provided in the second ultrasonic probe 5, place the second ultrasonic probe 5 on the detection surface of the casing test block 2, and perform a second sensitivity adjustment according to the signal of the reference reflector in the sleeve weld 3.

[0042] In step S300, the frequency of the second ultrasonic probe 5 is 5 MHz to 7.5 MHz, and 5 MHz, 6 MHz, 7 MHz, 7.5 MHz, etc. can be selected. The second ultrasonic probe 5 has chips, and the number of chips is greater than or equal to 16. The chips of the second ultrasonic probe 5 can adopt the existing technology, which will not be repeated here. The number of chips of the second ultrasonic probe 5 is greater than or equal to 16, and is not specifically limited here.

[0043] The second wedge block has a curved surface that contacts the detection surface of the small-diameter tube test block 1. The curved surface has a certain curvature, which is convenient for the second wedge block to fit with the casing test block 2. The curvature of the second wedge block is 0.9 to 1.1 times the diameter of the target casing, and 0.9 times, 1.0 times, 1.1 times, etc. can be selected. The detection angle of the second wedge block is 50° to 60°, the front dimension is 6 to 9 mm, the length is 15 to 20 mm, and the width is 20 to 25 mm. Specifically, the detection angle of the second wedge block can be selected from 50°, 53°, 55°, 58°, 60°, etc., the front dimension can be selected from 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, etc., the length can be selected from 15 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, etc., and the width can be selected from 20 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 25 mm, etc.

[0044] During the second sensitivity adjustment process, the signal of the reference reflector in the comparison test block is found by the second ultrasonic probe 5, the signal is recorded and TCG compensation is performed, and then the reference sensitivity calibration is performed. Specifically, the second ultrasonic probe 5 and the second wedge are first connected to the phased array ultrasonic instrument to form a second measurement system, and the sensitivity of the second measurement system is adjusted using the comparison test block, wherein the second ultrasonic probe 5 transmits and receives ultrasonic signals, thereby finding and identifying the ultrasonic signal reflected by the reference reflector, recording the ultrasonic signal and performing TCG compensation, so that the optimal signal amplitude of the reference reflector (i.e., the reflection hole 31) at different depths is consistent, and then the sensitivity of the second measurement system is reduced to a certain level, such as adjusting the sensitivity to 80%, as the reference sensitivity.

[0045] S400, using the first ultrasonic probe 4 in conjunction with the first wedge block, inspecting the small-diameter tube sleeve weld of the target pipe fitting at the outside of the target small-diameter tube of the target pipe fitting; using the second ultrasonic probe 5 in conjunction with the second wedge block, inspecting the small-diameter tube sleeve weld at the outside of the target casing of the target pipe fitting, and evaluating the defects of the small-diameter tube sleeve weld according to the inspection results.

[0046] In step S400, during the scanning and detection process, if the amplitude of the echo signal received by the first ultrasonic probe 4 or the second ultrasonic probe 5 exceeds the set detection threshold, the signal is recorded and the defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld are evaluated. The detection threshold refers to the critical value used to determine whether the received signal represents a defect inside the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld during the ultrasonic detection process. When the received signal strength exceeds this critical value, it indicates that there may be a defect inside the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld. The detection threshold set by the present invention is 50% of the amplitude of the echo signal generated by the reference reflector in the comparison test block.

[0047] In some embodiments, step S400 includes the following sub-steps:

[0048] S401, respectively apply coupling agent on the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube and the detection surface of the target casing, wherein the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube is the outer surface of the target small-diameter tube close to the small-diameter tube sleeve weld, and the detection surface of the target casing is the outer surface of the target casing close to the small-diameter tube sleeve weld. The coupling agent is mainly used to fill the gap between the bottom surface of the ultrasonic probe and the detection surface of the detected object (target small-diameter tube and target casing) to facilitate the conduction of ultrasonic waves to the sleeve weld in the detected object. The coupling agent can be a commercially available product, and its ingredients generally include water, glycerin, engine oil, transformer oil, chemical paste, etc.

[0049] S402, the first ultrasonic probe 4 circles around the detection surface of the target small-diameter pipe to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld; the second ultrasonic probe 5 circles around the detection surface of the target casing to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld.

[0050] In step S402, the first ultrasonic probe 4 is used to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld on the side of the first ultrasonic probe 4 using a phased array ultrasonic scanning method, and the defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld are evaluated according to the detection results; the second ultrasonic probe 5 is used to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld on the side of the second ultrasonic probe 5 using a phased array ultrasonic scanning method, and the defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld are evaluated according to the detection results. Among them, the phased array ultrasonic scanning method includes A-type scanning (amplitude-time display), B-type scanning (brightness-mode display) and S-type scanning (sector scanning).

[0051] Specifically, the first ultrasonic probe 4 of the first measurement system with sensitivity adjustment in step S200 is used, and it is pressed against the outer periphery of the target small-diameter tube (i.e., the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube), and a circumferential scan is performed along the peripheral direction of the small-diameter tube socket weld (i.e., the peripheral direction of the target small-diameter tube); the second ultrasonic probe 5 of the second measurement system with sensitivity adjustment in step S300 is used, and it is pressed against the outer periphery of the target casing (i.e., the detection surface of the target casing), and a circumferential scan is performed along the peripheral direction of the small-diameter tube socket weld. Since the structure of the small-diameter tube socket weld is relatively complex, the present invention performs a two-side scan on the small-diameter tube socket weld, that is, scans the detection surfaces of the target small-diameter tube and the target casing respectively, which can achieve full coverage of the small-diameter tube socket weld through multiple reflections, and is also conducive to the inspection of defects at different angles in the small-diameter tube socket weld.

[0052] By performing detection and verification of the sleeve weld 3 and adjusting the sensitivity of the measurement system on a comparison test block with a known defect (i.e., a reference reflector), and then using the first measurement system and the second measurement system to perform defect detection on the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld of the target pipe with the adjusted sensitivity, the phased array ultrasonic detection method of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld of the present invention can be used to accurately detect the internal defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld.

[0053] The present invention uses ultrasonic flaw detection technology to inspect the internal defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld. Ultrasonic flaw detection refers to the detection of defects by detecting the reflected wave of the defect. The present invention is suitable for phased array ultrasonic inspection of the sleeve weld of a non-standard small-diameter pipe (outer diameter of 14mm to 32mm, wall thickness of 2mm to 3.5mm), and can be used to verify the ultrasonic detection method; a reference reflector is provided in the sleeve weld of the comparison test block, and special attention is paid to the detection of hazardous defects in important parts of the weld such as defects at the weld root and weld toe; the comparison test block can perform performance tests of phased array ultrasonic equipment (including ultrasonic probes and wedges) for the structure of the sleeve weld, and verify whether the performance of the equipment meets the requirements of the sleeve weld detection, thereby obtaining the process parameters (including ultrasonic probe parameters, wedge parameters, etc.) of the phased array ultrasonic inspection method of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld.

[0054] The phased array ultrasonic detection method of the small-diameter tube sleeve weld of the present invention is used to inspect and verify the target sample tube with artificial defects. The target sample tube includes a target small-diameter tube and a target sleeve sleeved on one end of the target small-diameter tube. A small-diameter tube sleeve weld is provided between the port of the target sleeve and the outer side of the target small-diameter tube. The artificial defect refers to a reference reflector provided in the small-diameter tube sleeve weld. Among them, the parameters of the first ultrasonic probe 4 and the second ultrasonic probe 5 are selected as follows: the frequency is 5 MHz, and the number of chips is 16; the parameters of the first wedge and the second wedge are selected as follows: the detection angle is 55°, the front dimension is 7.5 mm, and the length and width are 18*22 mm; the curvature of the first wedge is 1.0 times the diameter of the target small-diameter tube, and the curvature of the second wedge is 1.0 times the diameter of the target sleeve. After detection, it is obtained Figure 4 The S-type scanning inspection diagram of the small diameter pipe socket weld is shown on the test surface outside the target small diameter pipe, and Figure 5 The S-type scanning inspection diagram of the small diameter pipe sleeve weld on the test surface outside the target casing is shown. Figure 4 , Figure 5 The phased array sector scanning mode diagram shows obvious detection echoes, and the specific location and depth information of the artificial defects can be known. Therefore, the phased array ultrasonic detection method for small-diameter pipe sleeve welds of this embodiment can be used to accurately detect the internal defects of actual small-diameter pipe sleeve welds.

[0055] It can be understood that the above embodiments only express the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several deformations and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made to the scope of the claims of the present invention should belong to the scope covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve welds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, manufacturing a comparison test block according to the target pipe fitting, wherein the comparison test block comprises a small-diameter pipe test block (1) and a casing test block (2), one end of the small-diameter pipe test block (1) is inserted into a port of the casing test block (2), the port of the casing test block (2) and the outer side of the small-diameter pipe test block (1) are welded to form a plug-in weld (3), and a reference reflector is provided in the plug-in weld (3); S200, selecting a first ultrasonic probe (4) and a first wedge block provided in the first ultrasonic probe (4), placing the first ultrasonic probe (4) on the detection surface of the small-diameter pipe test block (1), and performing a first sensitivity adjustment according to the signal of the reference reflector in the socket weld (3); S300, selecting a second ultrasonic probe (5) and a second wedge block provided in the second ultrasonic probe (5), placing the second ultrasonic probe (5) on the detection surface of the casing test block (2), and performing a second sensitivity adjustment according to the signal of the reference reflector in the sleeve weld (3); S400, using the first ultrasonic probe (4) in conjunction with the first wedge block, to inspect the small-diameter tube sleeve weld of the target pipe fitting at the outside of the target small-diameter tube of the target pipe fitting; using the second ultrasonic probe (5) in conjunction with the second wedge block, to inspect the small-diameter tube sleeve weld at the outside of the target casing of the target pipe fitting, and evaluating the defects of the small-diameter tube sleeve weld based on the inspection results.

2. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S100, the curvature of the detection surface of the small-diameter tube test block (1) is 0.9 to 1.1 times the curvature of the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube of the target pipe, the curvature of the detection surface of the casing test block (2) is 0.9 to 1.1 times the curvature of the detection surface of the target casing of the target pipe, the sleeve weld (3) and the small-diameter tube sleeve weld of the target pipe are made by the same welding method, and the reference reflector is made in the sleeve weld (3) as an artificial defect.

3. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S100, the reference reflector comprises at least three reflection holes (31) distributed at different depths in the sleeve weld (3), and the distances between each of the reflection holes (31) and the end face of the casing test block (2) are different; the reflection hole (31) is an arc-shaped waist hole, the center of which is located on the central axis of the small-diameter tube test block (1), and the arc-shaped waist hole is formed by extending along the peripheral direction of the small-diameter tube test block (1).

4. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S200, the frequency of the first ultrasonic probe (4) is 5 MHz to 7.5 MHz, the number of chips of the first ultrasonic probe (4) is greater than or equal to 16, and the curvature of the first wedge block is 0.9 to 1.1 times the diameter of the target small-diameter pipe of the target pipe. In the first sensitivity adjustment process, the signal of the reference reflector in the comparison test block is found by the first ultrasonic probe (4), the signal is recorded and TCG compensation is performed, and then the reference sensitivity calibration is performed.

5. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S300, the frequency of the second ultrasonic probe (5) is 5 MHz to 7.5 MHz, the number of chips of the second ultrasonic probe (5) is greater than or equal to 16, and the curvature of the second wedge is 0.9 to 1.1 times the diameter of the target casing of the target pipe. In the second sensitivity adjustment process, the signal of the reference reflector in the comparison test block is found by the second ultrasonic probe (5), the signal is recorded and TCG compensation is performed, and then the reference sensitivity calibration is performed.

6. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S400, during the scanning and detection process, if the amplitude of the echo signal received by the first ultrasonic probe (4) or the second ultrasonic probe (5) exceeds a set detection threshold, the signal is recorded and the defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld are evaluated, and the detection threshold is 50% of the amplitude of the echo signal generated by the reference reflector in the comparison test block.

7. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The step S400 includes the following sub-steps: S401, respectively coating a coupling agent on the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube and the detection surface of the target casing, wherein the detection surface of the target small-diameter tube is the outer surface of the target small-diameter tube close to the small-diameter tube sleeve weld, and the detection surface of the target casing is the outer surface of the target casing close to the small-diameter tube sleeve weld; S402, the first ultrasonic probe (4) circles around the detection surface of the target small-diameter pipe to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld; the second ultrasonic probe (5) circles around the detection surface of the target casing to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld.

8. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step S402, the first ultrasonic probe (4) is used to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld on the side of the first ultrasonic probe (4) using a phased array ultrasonic scanning method, and the defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld are evaluated based on the detection results; the second ultrasonic probe (5) is used to scan the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld on the side of the second ultrasonic probe (5) using a phased array ultrasonic scanning method, and the defects of the small-diameter pipe sleeve weld are evaluated based on the detection results; the phased array ultrasonic scanning methods include A-type scanning, B-type scanning and S-type scanning.

9. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the small-diameter tube test block (1) is 14 mm to 32 mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm to 3.5 mm.

10. The phased array ultrasonic detection method for small diameter pipe sleeve weld according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection angle of the first wedge block and the second wedge block is 50° to 60°, the front edge size is 6 to 9 mm, the length is 15 to 20 mm, and the width is 20 to 25 mm.

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