Wide axial ratio angle broadband antenna

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a wide-axial-ratio angle broadband antenna. The wide-axial-ratio angle broadband antenna comprises a choking coil and a radiation assembly, the choking coil comprises a bottom plate and at least two choking cylinders, the at least two choking cylinders are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals in the direction from the center of the bottom plate to the edge of the bottom plate, and the choking cylinders close to the center of the bottom plate and the bottom plate define a mounting cavity; at least part of the radiation assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate; wherein at least one choke cylinder is provided with a choke sheet. Due to the arrangement of the choking cylinder, the propagation of stray waves can be choked, and the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna is broadened. In addition, due to the fact that the choke piece is arranged on the choke cylinder, stray waves transmitted to the choke cylinder can be eliminated through the choke piece, the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna is further broadened, and therefore the upper half space of the antenna can be totally in right-handed circular polarization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of antenna technology, and specifically relates to a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the development of global satellite navigation systems, a new pattern of simultaneous navigation and positioning with multi-band positioning signals has gradually been formed. In order for the positioning antenna to meet the broadband requirements, the positioning antenna needs to use circular polarization to suppress Faraday electromagnetic rotation. Ideally, the upper half of the positioning antenna is all right-hand circularly polarized. However, the 3dB axis ratio angle of existing positioning antennas is narrow, making it difficult to achieve right-hand circular polarization in the upper half of the positioning antenna. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to provide a wide-axis ratio angle broadband antenna to solve the problem that the 3dB axis ratio angle of the existing antenna is narrow and it is impossible to achieve right-hand circular polarization in the upper half space of the positioning antenna.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna, comprising: a choke and a radiating component;

[0006] The choke coil comprises a bottom plate and at least two choke tubes, wherein the at least two choke tubes are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals from the center to the edge of the bottom plate, and the choke tubes close to the center of the bottom plate and the bottom plate form a mounting cavity;

[0007] At least a portion of the radiation component is disposed in the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the base plate;

[0008] Wherein, at least one of the chokes is provided with a choke plate.

[0009] Optionally, the choke comprises a first choke and a second choke which are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside along the direction from the center to the edge of the bottom plate;

[0010] The choke is arranged on a side of the first choke close to the second choke.

[0011] Optionally, the choke includes: a first choke, the first choke is arranged to extend along the circumference of the first choke, and the first choke is used to eliminate stray waves propagating radially along the first choke.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of the first choke plates are provided, and the plurality of the first choke plates are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the choke also includes: a second choke, the second choke is extended along the axial direction of the first choke, and the second choke is used to eliminate stray waves propagating along the axial direction of the first choke.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of the second choke plates are provided, and the plurality of the second choke plates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first choke cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, at least one of the chokes is provided with a radiation slot on a side facing away from the base plate.

[0016] Optionally, a plurality of the radiation slots are provided, and the plurality of the radiation slots are spaced apart along the circumference of the choke.

[0017] Optionally, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes: a guiding structure, wherein the guiding structure is disposed in the installation cavity and surrounds the radiation component.

[0018] Optionally, the guiding structure comprises: a guiding ring and a plurality of first supporting columns, wherein the plurality of first supporting columns are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base plate and fixedly connected to the base plate, and the guiding ring is fixedly connected to one end of the first supporting column away from the base plate.

[0019] Optionally, the radiation component includes: a feeding network, a radiation oscillator and a feeding probe;

[0020] The feed network is arranged on a side of the bottom plate away from the installation cavity;

[0021] The radiation vibrator is arranged in the installation cavity and fixedly connected to the bottom plate;

[0022] The feeding probe is arranged between the feeding network and the radiating vibrator and is electrically connected to the feeding network and the radiating vibrator respectively.

[0023] Optionally, the radiation vibrator includes: a first radiation vibrator and a second radiation vibrator;

[0024] The first radiating element and the second radiating element are symmetrically arranged about the center of the bottom plate, and the first radiating element is provided with a mounting channel;

[0025] The feeding probe is inserted into the installation channel and has a gap with the inner wall of the installation channel. The feeding probe includes an input connection end and an output connection end which are arranged away from each other. The input connection end is electrically connected to the feeding network, and the output connection end is electrically connected to the second radiating element.

[0026] Optionally, the radiation component further includes: a conductive sheet, which is disposed between the output connection end and the second radiation element and is electrically connected to the output connection end and the second radiation element respectively.

[0027] Optionally, the first radiating element includes: a first supporting portion, a first radiator body and a first fixing portion;

[0028] The first support portion extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the mounting channel is arranged through the first support portion along the axial direction of the choke;

[0029] The first supporting portion has a first peripheral wall, the first vibrator body is arranged at an end of the first supporting portion away from the bottom plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, the first fixing portion is arranged at an end of the first supporting portion close to the bottom plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, and the first fixing portion is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0030] Optionally, the second radiating element includes: a second supporting portion, a connecting portion, a second radiator body and a second fixing portion;

[0031] The second supporting portion extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the second supporting portion has a second peripheral wall and a second top wall facing away from the bottom plate;

[0032] The connecting portion is arranged on the second top wall, and the connecting portion is used to be electrically connected to the conductive sheet;

[0033] The second vibrator body is arranged at one end of the second supporting portion away from the bottom plate and connected to the second peripheral wall;

[0034] The second fixing portion is disposed at one end of the second supporting portion close to the bottom plate and connected to the second peripheral wall, and the second fixing portion is used for being fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0035] Optionally, the first vibrator body and the second vibrator body are fan-shaped vibrator bodies.

[0036] Optionally, the coordinate function of the fan-shaped vibrator body is:

[0037] x=r0*exp(a*_t)*cos(b*_t)+ccx

[0038] y=r0*exp(a*_t)*sin(b*_t)+ccy+c

[0039] z=(shu_gao+l feed)*exp(e*_t)+d

[0040] Among them, t is the variable of the parametric equation, which is closed as a body by setting the variable rotation in the electromagnetic simulation software, where a, b, c, d, r0, ccx, ccy, l feed, and ang le are the width and length of the constrained fan-shaped vibrator body.

[0041] Optionally, the radiation component further comprises: a parasitic sheet and a plurality of second support columns;

[0042] A plurality of the second support columns are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the bottom plate and are fixedly connected to the bottom plate;

[0043] The parasitic sheet is arranged on a side of the radiation oscillator away from the bottom plate and is fixedly connected to an end of the second support column away from the bottom plate.

[0044] Optionally, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further comprises: a mounting seat, the mounting seat being arranged on a side of the bottom plate away from the mounting cavity;

[0045] The mounting seat is provided with a shielding cavity, and the feeding network is arranged in the shielding cavity.

[0046] Optionally, the radiation component further includes a radio frequency connector, and the radio frequency connector is electrically connected to the feeding network.

[0047] Optionally, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes: an antenna floor, wherein the antenna floor is disposed on a side of the bottom plate close to the installation cavity.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, since a base plate and at least two chokes are provided, and the base plate and the chokes near the center of the base plate form a mounting cavity, by providing at least part of the radiation component in the mounting cavity, during the operation of the antenna, the chokes can suppress the propagation of stray waves, thereby widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna. More importantly, since at least one choke is provided with a choke plate, the choke plate can eliminate the stray waves propagating to the choke, further widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna, thereby achieving right-hand circular polarization in the upper half space of the antenna.

[0049] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0051] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 This is the third structural schematic diagram of a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the assembly structure of the choke and the mounting base provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the choke coil and the mounting base provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 7 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the radiation oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 8 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the conductive sheet provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig. 9 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the conductive sheet provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the impedance of the feeding network provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Figure numerals: 1. choke, 11. first choke, 111. first choke sheet, 112. second choke sheet, 12. second choke, 13. bottom plate, 14. mounting cavity, 15. radiation slot, 2. guide structure, 21. guide ring, 22. first support column, 3. radiation component, 31. first radiation oscillator, 311. first support portion, 3111. first peripheral wall, 3112. first top wall, 3113. first bottom wall, 3114. mounting channel, 312. first oscillator body, 313. first fixing portion, 32. Second radiating oscillator, 321. Second supporting portion, 3211. Second peripheral wall, 3212. Second top wall, 3213. Second bottom wall, 322. Connecting portion, 323. Second oscillator body, 324. Second fixing portion, 33. Feeding network, 34. Feeding probe, 35. Parasitic plate, 36. Second supporting column, 37. Conductive plate, 371. First connecting arm, 372. Second connecting arm, 373. Third connecting arm, 4. Antenna floor, 5. Mounting seat, 51. Substrate, 52. Cover plate, 6. RF connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] The term "first" or "second" in the specification and claims of the present application may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means that the objects connected before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0067] An embodiment of the present application provides a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a wide-axis-ratio broadband antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 4 to 5 , shows a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the choke and the mounting base provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 6 to Figure 7 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 8 to 9 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive sheet provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.10 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding network provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.11 , showing an impedance schematic diagram of the feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present application provides a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna, comprising: a choke 1 and a radiation component 3; the choke 1 comprises a base plate 13 and at least two choke tubes, at least two choke tubes are arranged on the base plate 13 at intervals along the direction from the center to the edge of the base plate 13, and the choke tube close to the center of the base plate 13 and the base plate 13 form an installation cavity 14; at least a portion of the radiation component 3 is arranged in the installation cavity 14 and fixedly connected to the base plate 13; wherein, at least one choke tube is provided with a choke sheet.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, since a base plate 13 and at least two chokes are provided, and the base plate 13 and the choke near the center of the base plate 13 form an installation cavity 14, by disposing at least a portion of the radiation component 3 in the installation cavity 14, during the operation of the antenna, the choke can suppress the propagation of stray waves, thereby widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna. More importantly, since a choke is provided on at least one choke, the choke can eliminate stray waves propagating to the choke, further widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna, thereby achieving right-hand circular polarization in the upper half space of the antenna. It should be noted that the 3dB axial ratio angle refers to the angle value corresponding to an axial ratio of 3dB.

[0071] In some optional embodiments of the present application, such as Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the choke includes a first choke 11 and a second choke 12 which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside along the direction from the center to the edge of the bottom plate 13 ; the choke is arranged on one side of the first choke 11 close to the second choke 12 .

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, since the first choke 11 and the second choke 12 are provided, the double-layer choke structure can achieve a double choke effect, thereby effectively suppressing the propagation of stray waves. In addition, according to tests, the first choke 11 disposed near the center of the bottom plate 13 can suppress the propagation of most stray waves, and by disposing the choke plate on the first choke 11, the choke plate can effectively play a role, thereby eliminating most stray waves, thereby widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna.

[0073] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the height of the first choke 11 and the second choke 12 relative to the bottom plate 13, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. Figure 4 , the height of the first choke 11 relative to the bottom plate 13 is greater than the height of the second choke 12 relative to the bottom plate 13. In another embodiment, the height of the first choke 11 relative to the bottom plate 13 is less than the height of the second choke 12 relative to the bottom plate 13. In yet another embodiment, the height of the first choke 11 relative to the bottom plate 13 is equal to the height of the second choke 12 relative to the bottom plate 13.

[0074] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the choke includes: a first choke 111, which is arranged to extend circumferentially along the first choke 11, and the first choke 111 is used to eliminate stray waves propagating radially along the first choke 11 (hereinafter referred to as radial stray waves).

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, since the first choke piece 111 extending circumferentially along the first choke 11 is provided, that is, the first choke piece 111 is ring-shaped, radial stray waves propagating in the entire circumference of the first choke 11 can be eliminated, thereby further reducing the influence of stray waves on the antenna performance, which is beneficial to widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna.

[0076] It should be noted that the first choke 111 can eliminate a small part of the stray waves propagating along the radial direction of the first choke 11 while eliminating the stray waves propagating along the axial direction of the first choke 11. In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of the first choke 111, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one of the embodiments, one first choke 111 is provided, and along the axial direction of the first choke 11, the first choke 111 is arranged in the middle part of the first choke 11. In another embodiment, a plurality of first chokes 111 are provided (i.e., greater than or equal to two), and the plurality of first chokes 111 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first choke 11, thereby improving the effect of eliminating stray waves.

[0077] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the choke piece further includes: a second choke piece 112, the second choke piece 112 is arranged to extend along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder 11, and the second choke piece 112 is used to eliminate stray waves (hereinafter referred to as axial stray waves) propagating along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder 11. It should be noted that the axial direction in the embodiment of the present application mainly refers to the vertically upward direction along the bottom plate 13.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, since a second choke plate 112 extending axially along the first choke cylinder 11 is provided, axial stray waves can be eliminated, further reducing the impact of stray waves on antenna performance, which is beneficial to widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna.

[0079] It should be noted that the second choke 112 can eliminate a small part of the stray waves propagating radially along the first choke 11 while eliminating the stray waves propagating axially along the first choke 11. In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of second chokes 112, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, a plurality of second chokes 112 are provided, and the plurality of second chokes 112 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first choke 11, so that the axial stray waves on the entire circumference of the first choke 11 can be eliminated, which is beneficial to improving the effect of eliminating stray waves. It can be understood that when a plurality of first chokes 111 and a plurality of second chokes 112 are provided at the same time, a grid-like structure can be formed on the peripheral wall of the first choke 11, so that radial stray waves and axial stray waves can be effectively eliminated. In addition, the shape of the second choke 112 includes but is not limited to a rectangle, a triangle, a trapezoid or other shapes.

[0080] In some optional embodiments of the present application, at least one choke is provided with a radiation slot 15 on a side facing away from the bottom plate 13 .

[0081] In practical applications, since the base plate 13 located below the first choke 11 blocks the propagation of electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves propagated to the first choke 1 will radiate upward. By setting the radiation slot 15, the boundary conditions are increased, thereby enhancing the radiation intensity of the antenna, which is beneficial to improving the antenna performance.

[0082] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of radiation slots 15, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, a plurality of radiation slots 15 are provided, and the plurality of radiation slots 15 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the choke, so that the radiation intensity of the antenna can be further enhanced, which is conducive to further improving the antenna performance.

[0083] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes: a guiding structure 2, which is disposed in the mounting cavity 14 and surrounds the radiating component 3. Since the guiding structure 2 is disposed and the guiding structure 2 surrounds the radiating component 3, the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna can be further widened through electromagnetic coupling between the guiding structure 2 and the radiating component 3.

[0084] Furthermore, the guiding structure 2 includes: a guiding ring 21 and a plurality of first support columns 22 , wherein the plurality of first support columns 22 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the bottom plate 13 and fixedly connected to the bottom plate 13 , and the guiding ring 21 is fixedly connected to one end of the first support column 22 away from the bottom plate 13 .

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, since a first support column 22 is provided and the first support column 22 is fixedly connected to the base plate 13, by fixing the guide ring 21 to the end of the first support column 22 facing away from the base plate 13, not only can the guide ring 21 be fixed, but the guide ring 21 can also be located at a suitable height, which is beneficial to improving the electromagnetic coupling effect between the guide ring 21 and the radiation component 3.

[0086] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the fixing method of the first support column 22, the guide ring 21, and the base plate 13, and those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to actual needs. In one embodiment, first threaded columns are respectively provided at both ends of the first support column 22, and correspondingly, first through holes are provided at corresponding positions of the guide ring and the base plate 13, and the first threaded column is passed through the first through hole and is connected with the dielectric nut. Among them, the dielectric nut refers to a nut of insulating material. In one embodiment, the dielectric nut and the first support column 22 are both made of polyimide, and specifically, they can be made of polyimide with a grade of YS20.

[0087] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the radiation component 3 includes: a feeding network 33, a radiation vibrator and a feeding probe 34; the feeding network 33 is arranged on the side of the base plate 13 away from the mounting cavity 14; the radiation vibrator is arranged in the mounting cavity 14 and fixedly connected to the base plate 13; the feeding probe 34 is arranged between the feeding network 33 and the radiation vibrator and is electrically connected to the feeding network 33 and the radiation vibrator respectively.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the feeding network 33 on the side of the bottom plate 13 away from the mounting cavity 14, the interference of the radiating vibrator and other components on the feeding network 33 can be avoided, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the feeding network 33 and to realize the right-handed circularly polarized radiation of the antenna. By arranging the radiating vibrator in the mounting cavity 14, the stray waves generated by the radiation process of the radiating vibrator can be effectively suppressed. By arranging the feeding probe 34, and the feeding probe 34 is electrically connected to the feeding network 33 and the radiating vibrator respectively, the energy of the feeding network 33 can be effectively transmitted to the radiating vibrator, so as to realize the reception and transmission of signals.

[0089] Furthermore, the radiation component 3 also includes a radio frequency connector 6, which is electrically connected to the feed network 33. Specifically, the feed network 33 includes an input end and an output end, the input end is electrically connected to the radio frequency connector 6, and the output end is electrically connected to the feed probe 34. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the material of the feed probe 34, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the feed probe 34 is made of H62 brass gold plating.

[0090] In some optional embodiments of the present application, such as Figure 6 to Figure 7 As shown, the radiating oscillator includes: a first radiating oscillator 31 and a second radiating oscillator 32; the first radiating oscillator 31 and the second radiating oscillator 32 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the base plate 13, and the first radiating oscillator 31 is provided with a mounting channel 3114; the feeding probe 34 is passed through the mounting channel 3114 and has a gap with the inner wall of the mounting channel 3114, the feeding probe 34 includes an input connection end and an output connection end which are arranged away from each other, the input connection end is electrically connected to the feeding network 33, and the output connection end is electrically connected to the second radiating oscillator 32.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, since there is a gap between the feeding probe 34 and the inner wall of the mounting channel 3114 of the first radiating element 31, and the feeding probe 34 is electrically connected to the second radiating element 32, two signals with a phase difference of 180° can be fed to the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32. The signals fed by the second radiating element 32 and the feeding probe 34 are consistent, and the signals fed by the first radiating element 31 and the feeding probe 34 have a phase difference of 180°.

[0092] In one embodiment, two first radiating elements 31 and two second radiating elements 32 are respectively provided, and the two first radiating elements 31 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the two second radiating elements 32 are arranged adjacent to each other, thereby forming a cross-shaped radiator. Correspondingly, the feeding network 33 includes two output ends with a phase difference of 90°, and two feeding probes 34 are provided. One output end of the feeding network 33 is electrically connected to a feeding probe 34 and a second radiating element 32 in sequence, so that the two second radiating elements 32 can radiate with phase values ​​of 180° and 270°, and the two first radiating elements 310° and 90°, thereby realizing the right-hand circularly polarized radiation of the antenna.

[0093] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the radiation component 3 further includes: a conductive sheet 37, which is disposed between the output connection end and the second radiation oscillator 32 and is respectively electrically connected to the output connection end and the second radiation oscillator 32. In this way, by providing the conductive sheet 37, a reliable electrical connection between the feeding probe 34 and the second radiation oscillator 32 can be achieved, so that the energy of the feeding network 33 can be reliably transmitted to the second radiation oscillator 32.

[0094] In one embodiment, if Figures 8 to 9 As shown, the conductive sheet 37 includes a second connecting arm 372 and a first connecting arm 371 and a third connecting arm 373 connected to both ends of the second connecting arm 372, the first connecting arm 371 is electrically connected to the feeding probe 34, and the third connecting portion 322 is electrically connected to the second radiation oscillator 32. Further, the second connecting arm 372 is U-shaped, so that when a plurality of conductive sheets 37 are provided and cross each other, mutual interference of the plurality of conductive sheets 37 can be avoided.

[0095] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the first radiating oscillator 31 includes: a first supporting portion 311, a first oscillator body 312 and a first fixing portion 313; the first supporting portion 311 extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the mounting channel 3114 is arranged along the axial direction of the choke and passes through the first supporting portion 311; the first supporting portion 311 has a first circumferential wall 3111, the first oscillator body 312 is arranged at one end of the first supporting portion 311 away from the bottom plate 13 and is connected to the first circumferential wall 3111, the first fixing portion 313 is arranged at one end of the first supporting portion 311 close to the bottom plate 13 and is connected to the first circumferential wall 3111, and the first fixing portion 313 is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 13.

[0096] In the embodiment of the present application, since the first fixing portion 313 is provided, the first radiating vibrator 31 can be reliably fixed by the fixed connection between the first fixing portion 313 and the bottom plate 13. Since the first supporting portion 311 is provided, the first vibrator body 312 can be reliably supported, and the first vibrator body 312 can be located at a suitable height, which is conducive to adjusting the resonant frequency. In addition, since the mounting channel 3114 is provided along the axial direction of the first choke 11 and penetrates the first supporting portion 311, the feeding probe 34 provided in the mounting channel 3114 can feed the required signal to the first supporting portion 311 and transmit it to the first vibrator body 312 for radiation.

[0097] In a specific application, the first supporting portion 311 includes a first top wall 3112 and a first bottom wall 3113 that are arranged opposite to each other, at least a portion of the output connection end of the feeding probe 34 protrudes from the first top wall 3112 and is connected with the nut, and at least a portion of the input connection end of the feeding probe 34 protrudes from the first bottom wall 3113 and is welded to the output end of the feeding network 33, thereby realizing reliable positioning of the feeding probe 34. Furthermore, in order to prevent the feeding probe 34 from being connected to the first radiating element 31, a dielectric gasket is also provided between the first top wall 3112 and the nut. In addition, the first fixing portion 313 and the bottom plate 13 can be fixedly connected by bolts.

[0098] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the second radiating oscillator 32 includes: a second supporting portion 321, a connecting portion 322, a second oscillator body 323 and a second fixing portion 324; the second supporting portion 321 extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the second supporting portion 321 has a second peripheral wall 3211 and a second top wall 3212 facing away from the bottom plate 13; the connecting portion 322 is arranged on the second top wall 3212, and the connecting portion 322 is used to be electrically connected to the conductive sheet 37; the second oscillator body 323 is arranged at one end of the second supporting portion 321 facing away from the bottom plate 13 and is connected to the second peripheral wall 3211; the second fixing portion 324 is arranged at one end of the second supporting portion 321 close to the bottom plate 13 and is connected to the second peripheral wall 3211, and the second fixing portion 324 is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 13.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, since the second fixing portion 324 is provided, the second radiating vibrator 32 can be reliably fixed by the fixed connection between the second fixing portion 324 and the bottom plate 13. Since the second supporting portion 321 is provided, the second vibrator body 323 can be reliably supported, and the second vibrator body 323 can be located at a suitable height, which is conducive to adjusting the resonant frequency. In addition, since the second top wall 3212 of the second supporting portion 321 is provided with a connecting portion 322, through the electrical connection between the connecting portion 322 and the conductive sheet 37, and the electrical connection between the conductive sheet 37 and the feeding probe 34, the required signal can be fed to the second supporting portion 321 and transmitted to the second vibrator body 323 for radiation.

[0100] In a specific application, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes a mounting seat 5, which is disposed on the side of the bottom plate 13 away from the mounting cavity 14. The bottom plate 13 is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole at corresponding positions of the first support portion 311 and the second support portion 321, respectively. At least a portion of the first support portion 311 extends to the first mounting hole and the first bottom wall 3113 of the first support portion 311 abuts against the mounting seat 5 located below the bottom plate 13. At least a portion of the second support portion 321 extends to the second mounting hole and the second bottom wall 3213 of the second support portion 321 abuts against the mounting seat 5 located below the bottom plate 13, thereby further improving the stability of the first radiation oscillator 31 and the second radiation oscillator 32. In addition, the first fixing portion 313 and the bottom plate 13, and the second fixing portion 324 and the bottom plate 13 can be fixedly connected by bolts.

[0101] In addition, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna also includes a dielectric gasket and a metal gasket, wherein the dielectric gasket refers to a gasket of an insulating material, and the metal gasket refers to a gasket of a metal material. In one embodiment, the dielectric gasket is made of polyimide, and the metal gasket is made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy. Specifically, the dielectric gasket is made of polyimide with a grade of YS20, and the metal gasket is made of brass with a grade of H62. The first support portion 311 includes a first top wall 3112 and a first bottom wall 3113 that are arranged opposite to each other, the dielectric gasket and the first connecting arm 371 are sequentially arranged above the first top wall 3112, the output connection end of the feed probe 34 is sequentially passed through the dielectric gasket and the first connecting arm 371 and fixedly connected to the metal nut, and at least a portion of the input connection end of the feed probe 34 protrudes from the first bottom wall 3113 and is welded to the output end of the feed network 33. The metal gasket and the third connecting arm 373 are sequentially arranged above the second top wall 3212, and the connecting portion 322 is sequentially passed through the metal gasket and the third connecting arm 373 and fixedly connected with the metal nut. In this way, on the one hand, the fixing of the feeding probe 34 can be achieved, and on the other hand, while achieving the conduction between the feeding probe 34 and the second radiating element 32, the conduction between the feeding probe 34 and the first radiating element 31 can be avoided, so that the signals of the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32 have a 180° phase difference.

[0102] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the first vibrator body 312 and the second vibrator body 323 are both fan-shaped vibrator bodies. In this way, on the one hand, the fan-shaped shape can increase the boundary conditions of the first vibrator body 312 and the second vibrator body 323, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the resonant frequency and antenna bandwidth of the antenna, which is conducive to reducing the antenna profile and allowing the antenna to cover all navigation frequency bands. On the other hand, the electric field and magnetic field components formed by the radiated electromagnetic wave in space can have a specific phase relationship, which is helpful to achieve circular polarization.

[0103] Furthermore, the coordinate function of the fan-shaped vibrator body (including the first vibrator body 312 and the second vibrator body 323) is:

[0104] x=r0*exp(a*_t)*cos(b*_t)+ccx

[0105] y=r0*exp(a*_t)*sin(b*_t)+ccy+c

[0106] z=(shu_gao+l feed)*exp(e*_t)+d

[0107] Wherein, t is a variable of the parametric equation, and by setting the variable in the electromagnetic simulation software and rotating it by a certain angle ang le, it can be closed into a body, wherein a, b, c, d, r0, ccx, ccy, l feed, ang le are the width and length of the constrained fan-shaped vibrator body. It should be noted that the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna also includes a mounting seat 5, which is arranged on the side of the bottom plate 13 away from the mounting cavity 14, and the center of the upper surface of the mounting seat 5 is the coordinate origin of the above-mentioned coordinate function.

[0108] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the radiation component 3 also includes: a parasitic plate 35 and a plurality of second support columns 36; the plurality of second support columns 36 are arranged at circumferential intervals along the base plate 13 and are fixedly connected to the base plate 13; the parasitic plate 35 is arranged on the side of the radiation oscillator away from the base plate 13 and is fixedly connected to the end of the second support column 36 away from the base plate 13.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present application, since the parasitic sheet 35 is provided, the radiation vibrator couples energy to the parasitic sheet 35 for radiation, which can effectively reduce the antenna resonance frequency and antenna profile. Since the second support column 36 is provided, and the second support column 36 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 13, by fixing the parasitic sheet 35 to the end of the second support column 36 away from the bottom plate 13, not only can the parasitic sheet 35 be fixed, but also the parasitic sheet 35 can be located at a suitable height, which is conducive to improving the electromagnetic coupling effect between the parasitic sheet 35 and the radiation vibrator.

[0110] It should be noted that the second support column 36 is made of insulating material. In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the fixing method of the second support column 36, the parasitic plate 35, and the base plate 13, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one of the embodiments, second threaded columns are respectively provided at both ends of the second support column 36, and correspondingly, second through holes are provided at corresponding positions of the parasitic plate 35 and the base plate 13, and the second threaded column is penetrated through the second through hole and connected with the dielectric nut. Among them, the dielectric nut refers to a nut of insulating material. In one of the embodiments, the dielectric nut and the second support column 36 are both made of polyimide, and specifically, they can be made of polyimide with a grade of YS20.

[0111] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes: a mounting base 5, the mounting base 5 is arranged on the side of the bottom plate 13 away from the mounting cavity 14; the mounting base 5 is provided with a shielding cavity, and the feeding network 33 is arranged in the shielding cavity. Specifically, the mounting base 5 includes a substrate 51 and a cover plate 52, the substrate 51 is provided with a groove on the side away from the bottom plate 13, and the cover plate 52 covers the opening of the groove and encloses the groove to form a shielding cavity. In addition, the mounting base 5 also includes a plurality of mounting feet, and the plurality of mounting feet are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the substrate 51, and the mounting feet are used to connect with external equipment.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna is conveniently mounted to an external device due to the provision of the mounting base 5. Since a shielding cavity is provided, by arranging the feeding network 33 in the shielding cavity, interference of other components on the feeding network 33 can be effectively avoided.

[0113] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes: an antenna floor 4, which is arranged on the side of the bottom plate 13 close to the mounting cavity 14. In this way, on the one hand, the antenna bottom plate 13 can reflect the electromagnetic waves of the radiation component 3, which is beneficial to enhancing the radiation efficiency and gain of the antenna. On the other hand, the antenna bottom plate 13 can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference from under the bottom plate 13, so that the radiation component 3 is protected from the external electromagnetic environment, which is beneficial to improving the working reliability of the antenna. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the antenna bottom plate 13, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the antenna floor 4 is truncated cone-shaped.

[0114] Furthermore, the choke 1, the radiating element, the guide ring 21, the parasitic sheet 35, the conductive sheet 37 and the antenna base plate 13 in the embodiment of the present application are all made of metal materials, including but not limited to aluminum alloy or copper alloy. In one embodiment, the choke 1, the radiating element, the guide ring 21, the parasitic sheet 35 and the antenna base plate 13 are made of aluminum alloy with a grade of 2A12, and the conductive sheet 37 is made of brass with a grade of H62.

[0115] The following provides a method for manufacturing a wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to an embodiment of the present application:

[0116] Step S1: By adjusting the size and height of the first vibrator body 312 and / or the second vibrator body 323, the inner diameter of the mounting channel 3114 of the first support portion 311, the outer diameter of the feed probe 34, the size (including diameter and height) of the first choke 11 and the second choke 12, and the size (including diameter and height) of the parasitic piece 35, the antenna is made to resonate at 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz, and a first optimized structure is obtained. Among them, the height of the first choke 11 refers to the height of the first choke 11 relative to the upper surface of the bottom plate 13, and the heights of the second choke 12 and the parasitic piece 35 are the same, which will not be repeated here.

[0117] Step S2: Based on the first optimized structure, the sizes of the first choke 111 and the second choke 112 are optimized. When the 3dB axial ratio angle reaches a maximum value, the sizes of the first choke 111 and the second choke 112 can be obtained to obtain a second optimized structure.

[0118] Step S3: Since the antenna resonant frequency is shifted after the 3dB axial ratio angle is adjusted to reach the maximum value, based on the second optimized structure, the size and height of the first vibrator body 312 and / or the second vibrator body 323, the inner diameter of the mounting channel 3114 of the first support portion 311, the outer diameter of the feed probe 34, the size (including diameter and height) of the first choke 11 and the second choke 12, and the size (including diameter and height) of the parasitic plate 35 are further fine-tuned so that the antenna resonates again at 1.1GHz~1.7GHz, thereby obtaining the third optimized structure.

[0119] Step S4: Based on the center frequency of the target resonant frequency band, the dielectric constant of the radiating oscillator (including the first radiating oscillator 31 and the second radiating oscillator 32), the impedance matching requirements and the feeding point position, determine the line width and line length of each microstrip line in the feeding network 33, and then determine the size of the feeding network 33.

[0120] like Fig.10 As shown, the input signal of the input end of the feed network 33 is divided into two output signals with equal amplitude and phase after passing through the Wilkins power divider, and after passing through the 90° phase comparator, two signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90° are output after delay. The center frequency of the feed network 33 is set at 1.4GHz, and it is designed on a dielectric board RO4003 with a thickness of 0.762mm and a dielectric constant of 3.55. The impedance of the input and output ends is matched to 50Ω. After analysis and calculation by the microstrip line calculator and full-wave analysis software, the impedance value, line width and line length are obtained.

[0121] like Fig.11As shown, in this embodiment, the impedance values, line widths and line lengths of the feeding network 33 are:

[0122] λg=128.15mm

[0123] Z1 = 70.71Ω, microstrip line width 0.93mm;

[0124] Z2 = 63Ω, microstrip line width 1.15mm;

[0125] Z3=81Ω, microstrip line width 0.7mm;

[0126] Z4=50Ω, microstrip line width 1.7mm.

[0127] The above values ​​are set as initial values, and after optimization through HFSS electromagnetic simulation software (i.e. High Frequency Structure Simulator, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software launched by Ansoft), the line width and line length of each microstrip line are obtained according to the index requirements and the feeding point position.

[0128] Step S5: Based on the third optimized structure, the optimized feeding network 33 is placed in the shielding cavity of the mounting base 5. After the feeding network 33 is assembled, the antenna will have a small frequency deviation. The outer diameter of the feeding probe 34 and the inner diameter of the mounting channel 3114 provided on the first support portion 311 can be adjusted to make the antenna resonate at 1.1 GHz to 1.7 GHz, thereby obtaining the fourth optimized structure.

[0129] The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna of the embodiment of the present application can be obtained by manufacturing and assembling based on the above parameters. After testing, the operating frequency band of the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna of the embodiment of the present application can cover all navigation frequency bands (i.e., 1.1GHz to 1.7GHz), and the antenna axis ratio angle is widened, and the polarization mode in the upper half space of the antenna is right-hand circular polarization, that is, the 3dB axis ratio angle of the full frequency band is greater than ±90°.

[0130] In summary, the wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0131] In the embodiment of the present application, since a base plate and at least two chokes are provided, and the base plate and the chokes near the center of the base plate form a mounting cavity, by providing at least part of the radiation component in the mounting cavity, during the operation of the antenna, the chokes can suppress the propagation of stray waves, thereby widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna. More importantly, since at least one choke is provided with a choke plate, the choke plate can eliminate the stray waves propagating to the choke, further widening the 3dB axial ratio angle of the antenna, thereby achieving right-hand circular polarization in the upper half space of the antenna.

[0132] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0133] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wide-axis-ratio broadband antenna, characterized in that: include: Chokes and radiating components; The choke coil comprises a bottom plate and at least two choke tubes, wherein the at least two choke tubes are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals from the center to the edge of the bottom plate, and the choke tubes close to the center of the bottom plate and the bottom plate form a mounting cavity; At least a portion of the radiation component is disposed in the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the base plate; Wherein, at least one of the chokes is provided with a choke plate.

2. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The choke comprises a first choke and a second choke which are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside along the direction from the center to the edge of the bottom plate; The choke is arranged on a side of the first choke close to the second choke.

3. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The choke piece includes: a first choke piece, the first choke piece is extended along the circumference of the first choke cylinder, and the first choke piece is used to eliminate stray waves propagating in the radial direction of the first choke cylinder.

4. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the first choke pieces are provided, and the plurality of the first choke pieces are spaced apart along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder.

5. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The choke piece also includes: a second choke piece, which is extended along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder, and the second choke piece is used to eliminate stray waves propagating along the axial direction of the first choke cylinder.

6. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the second choke pieces are provided, and the plurality of the second choke pieces are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first choke cylinder.

7. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the chokes is provided with a radiation slot on a side facing away from the base plate.

8. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are a plurality of radiation slots, and the plurality of radiation slots are spaced apart along the circumference of the choke.

9. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes a guiding structure, which is disposed in the installation cavity and surrounds the radiation component.

10. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The guiding structure includes: a guiding ring and a plurality of first supporting columns, wherein the plurality of first supporting columns are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base plate and fixedly connected to the base plate, and the guiding ring is fixedly connected to one end of the first supporting column away from the base plate.

11. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation component includes: a feeding network, a radiation oscillator and a feeding probe; The feed network is arranged on a side of the bottom plate away from the installation cavity; The radiation vibrator is arranged in the installation cavity and fixedly connected to the bottom plate; The feeding probe is arranged between the feeding network and the radiating vibrator and is electrically connected to the feeding network and the radiating vibrator respectively.

12. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The radiation vibrator comprises: a first radiation vibrator and a second radiation vibrator; The first radiating element and the second radiating element are symmetrically arranged about the center of the bottom plate, and the first radiating element is provided with a mounting channel; The feeding probe is inserted into the installation channel and has a gap with the inner wall of the installation channel. The feeding probe includes an input connection end and an output connection end which are arranged away from each other. The input connection end is electrically connected to the feeding network, and the output connection end is electrically connected to the second radiating element.

13. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: The radiation component further includes: a conductive sheet, which is disposed between the output connection end and the second radiation element and is electrically connected to the output connection end and the second radiation element respectively.

14. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that: The first radiating element comprises: a first supporting portion, a first radiator body and a first fixing portion; The first support portion extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the mounting channel is arranged through the first support portion along the axial direction of the choke; The first supporting portion has a first peripheral wall, the first vibrator body is arranged at an end of the first supporting portion away from the bottom plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, the first fixing portion is arranged at an end of the first supporting portion close to the bottom plate and connected to the first peripheral wall, and the first fixing portion is used to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

15. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that: The second radiating element comprises: a second supporting portion, a connecting portion, a second radiator body and a second fixing portion; The second supporting portion extends along the axial direction of the choke, and the second supporting portion has a second peripheral wall and a second top wall facing away from the bottom plate; The connecting portion is arranged on the second top wall, and the connecting portion is used to be electrically connected to the conductive sheet; The second vibrator body is arranged at one end of the second supporting portion away from the bottom plate and connected to the second peripheral wall; The second fixing portion is disposed at one end of the second supporting portion close to the bottom plate and connected to the second peripheral wall, and the second fixing portion is used for being fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

16. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first vibrator body and the second vibrator body are both fan-shaped vibrator bodies.

17. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 16, characterized in that: The coordinate function of the fan-shaped vibrator body is: x=r0*exp(a*_t)*cos(b*_t)+ccx y=r0*exp(a*_t)*si n(b*_t)+ccy+c z=(shu_gao+lfeed)*exp(e*_t)+d Among them, t is the variable of the parametric equation, which is closed as a body by setting the variable rotation in the electromagnetic simulation software, where a, b, c, d, r0, ccx, ccy, l feed, and ang le are the width and length of the constrained fan-shaped vibrator body.

18. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The radiation assembly further includes: a parasitic sheet and a plurality of second support columns; A plurality of the second support columns are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the bottom plate and are fixedly connected to the bottom plate; The parasitic sheet is arranged on a side of the radiation oscillator away from the bottom plate and is fixedly connected to an end of the second support column away from the bottom plate.

19. The wide-axis-ratio broadband antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further comprises: a mounting seat, the mounting seat being arranged on a side of the bottom plate away from the mounting cavity; The mounting seat is provided with a shielding cavity, and the feeding network is arranged in the shielding cavity.

20. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The radiation component further includes a radio frequency connector, which is electrically connected to the feeding network.

21. The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wide-axis-ratio-angle broadband antenna further includes: an antenna floor, which is arranged on a side of the bottom plate close to the installation cavity.

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