Pre-charging circuit and energy storage power supply

Abstract

The invention relates to a pre-charging circuit and an energy storage power supply. The pre-charging circuit comprises a power supply module, a power supply control module, a pre-charging module and a pre-charging control module which are connected in sequence. The pre-charging control module is used for receiving an input power supply and controlling a pre-charging path in the pre-charging module to be conducted with the power supply control module according to the input power supply; the pre-charging module is used for pre-charging the energy storage element through the pre-charging access by the input power supply under the condition that the pre-charging access and the power supply control module are both conducted; the power supply control module is used for controlling a power supply path in the power supply module to be disconnected under the condition that the power supply control module is switched on, is in a disconnected state under the condition that the voltage received by the power supply control module is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value, and controls the power supply path in the power supply module to be switched on through the pre-charging control module; and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the energy storage element through the power supply access by an input power supply under the condition that the power supply access is conducted. By adopting the pre-charging circuit, the hardware cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a pre-charging circuit and an energy storage power supply. Background Art

[0002] In the field of switching power supplies such as energy storage inverters, the pre-charging circuit of energy storage elements plays an important role in application scenarios such as battery input port circuits, photovoltaic (PV) input and output circuits (high and low voltage circuits), and inverter inverter high-voltage bus (BUS) circuits.

[0003] In the related art, a microcontroller unit (MCU) samples the bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage element, and makes a voltage difference judgment based on the bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage element to realize the pre-charging of the energy storage element. However, this method requires the MCU to participate in the control, and the hardware cost is relatively high.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the hardware cost of the pre-charging circuit is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a pre-charging circuit and energy storage power supply that can reduce hardware costs in response to the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a pre-charging circuit, comprising a power supply module, a power supply control module, a pre-charging module and a pre-charging control module connected in sequence, wherein the power supply module and the pre-charging module are respectively connected to an energy storage element, and the pre-charging control module is connected to the power supply module;

[0007] A pre-charging control module, used to receive input power and control the pre-charging path in the pre-charging module and the power supply control module to be turned on according to the input power;

[0008] A pre-charging module, used for pre-charging the energy storage element by the input power through the pre-charging path when the pre-charging path and the power supply control module are both turned on;

[0009] A power supply control module, used to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be disconnected when the power supply control module is turned on, and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than a preset voltage threshold, and to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be turned on through the pre-charge control module; the voltage received by the power supply control module is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element;

[0010] The power supply module is used to supply power to the energy storage element through the power supply path from the input power supply when the power supply path is turned on.

[0011] In one embodiment, the power supply control module includes a first transistor, the gate of the first transistor is connected to the pre-charge path, the drain of the first transistor is connected to the pre-charge control module, and the source of the first transistor is grounded.

[0012] In one embodiment, the pre-charge path includes a second transistor, the base of the second transistor is connected to the pre-charge control module, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the power supply control module, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, and the second end of the energy storage element is connected to the input power supply.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the pre-filling module further includes a constant current unit, which is connected to the pre-filling path and the pre-filling control module respectively;

[0014] The pre-charge control module is also used to control the complementary conduction of the pre-charge path and the constant current unit, so that when the pre-charge current is within a preset current range, the input power supply pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charge path.

[0015] In one embodiment, the constant current unit includes a third transistor, the base of the third transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the collector of the third transistor is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor and the pre-charge control module, and the emitter of the third transistor is grounded.

[0016] In one embodiment, the pre-charge control module includes a fourth transistor and a control power supply, the base of the fourth transistor is used to receive the input power supply, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the control power supply, and the collector of the fourth transistor is respectively connected to the pre-charge path and the power supply path;

[0017] The pre-charging control module is also used to control the fourth transistor to be in an on state when receiving input power, so as to control the pre-charging path and the power supply control module to be turned on through the fourth transistor.

[0018] In one embodiment, the pre-charge control module further includes a fifth transistor, the gate of the fifth transistor is connected to the input power supply, the drain of the fifth transistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor, and the source of the fifth transistor is grounded;

[0019] The pre-charge control module is also used to control the fifth transistor to be in an on state when receiving input power, so as to control the fourth transistor to be in an on state through the fifth transistor.

[0020] In one embodiment, the power supply path includes a sixth transistor, the drain of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, the source of the sixth transistor is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor is respectively connected to the power supply control module and the pre-charge control module.

[0021] In one embodiment, the power supply module further includes a delay capacitor, a first end of the delay capacitor is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor, and a second end of the delay capacitor is grounded.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an energy storage power supply, which includes an energy storage element and any of the pre-charging circuits described above.

[0023] In the above-mentioned pre-charging circuit and energy storage power supply, the pre-charging circuit includes a power supply module, a power supply control module, a pre-charging module and a pre-charging control module connected in sequence, and the power supply module and the pre-charging module are respectively connected to the energy storage element, and the pre-charging control module is connected to the power supply module. Among them, the pre-charging control module is used to receive the input power supply, and control the pre-charging path and the power supply control module in the pre-charging module to be turned on according to the input power supply; the pre-charging module is used to pre-charge the energy storage element through the pre-charging path by the input power when the pre-charging path and the power supply control module are both turned on; the power supply control module is used to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be disconnected when the power supply control module is turned on, and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than a preset voltage threshold, and to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be turned on through the pre-charging control module; the power supply module is used to supply power to the energy storage element through the power supply path by the input power when the power supply path is turned on. In this way, after the pre-charging control module receives the input power, the input power can automatically pre-charge the energy storage element through the pre-charging path, and because the voltage received by the power supply control module is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element, and further, when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than the preset voltage threshold, since the pre-charging path and the power supply control module are not both turned on, the input power no longer pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charging path, but the input power supplies the energy storage element normally through the power supply path. In the above-mentioned pre-charging circuit, the pre-charging can be automatically started and ended without the need for MCU control, thereby reducing the hardware cost of the pre-charging circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a pre-charging circuit in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply control module in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a pre-filling path in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of yet another pre-filling path in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a constant current unit in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a pre-charge control module in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a power supply module in an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 A connection diagram of a pre-charging circuit in one embodiment;

[0033] Fig. 9 A connection diagram of yet another pre-charging circuit in an embodiment;

[0034] Fig.10 A connection diagram of yet another pre-charging circuit in an embodiment;

[0035] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of an energy storage power supply in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] At present, the pre-charging circuit of the energy storage element in the related technology usually adopts the following method:

[0038] (1) After power-on, the path where the pre-charge resistor is located is turned on first, and the input end pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charge resistor. After the pre-charging is completed, the path where the pre-charge resistor is located is closed and normal operation is entered. This method is simple in design and is usually used in low-power and low-voltage energy storage products. However, first, this pre-charging method has no overvoltage protection, and the input voltage will directly enter the subsequent circuit through the pre-charge resistor; second, the selection of the pre-charge resistor is difficult, and the pre-charge resistor needs to be selected with impact resistance. On the one hand, when the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor is large, the pre-charging is slower. On the other hand, when the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor is small, its power is required to be larger. When the power is large, the size and cost of the pre-charge resistor are high, and it has no advantage for the scenario of multiple direct current (DC) inputs; third, there is no over-current and over-temperature protection, which is easy to cause damage and is not safe.

[0039] (2) After power is turned on, the path where the pre-charge resistor is located is turned on first, and the input end pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charge resistor. After the path where the pre-charge resistor is located is turned on, the input end provides the base voltage for the transistor. When the base voltage reaches the conduction condition of the transistor, the transistor is turned on, the coil of the relay is energized, and then the relay is closed, the pre-charge resistor is short-circuited, and the energy storage element completes the pre-charge and enters normal operation. This method is not only simple to design, but also can prevent overvoltage. It is usually used in photovoltaic inverters and high-voltage energy storage products. However, first, this pre-charge circuit requires a large relay with high cost, especially for application scenarios with multi-channel output design; second, the relay switch makes a sound; third, the relay has a short cycle life; fourth, the pre-charge resistor is also difficult to select; fifth, there is no over-current and over-temperature protection, which is easy to cause damage and is not safe.

[0040] (3) The bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage element are collected through the MCU, and the voltage difference is judged based on the bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage element, so as to pre-charge the energy storage element through the pre-charge resistor. This method is controlled by the MCU, which solves the problems existing in the use of relays and is usually used in photovoltaic inverters and high-voltage energy storage products. However, first, the MCU needs to sample the voltage across the capacitor and the bus voltage to make a voltage difference judgment. When designing multiple channels, it takes up more MCU resources, and more advanced chips must be selected, which is costly. Second, the pre-charge resistor between the MCU and the input end is also difficult to select. Third, because the signal sampling circuit needs to be arranged, the wiring of the printed circuit board (PCB) is difficult. Fourth, there is no over-current and over-temperature protection, which is easy to cause damage and is not safe.

[0041] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a better pre-charging circuit. The pre-charging circuit of the present application will be introduced in detail below.

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a pre-charging circuit in one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the pre-charging circuit 100 includes a power supply module 101, a power supply control module 102, a pre-charging module 103 and a pre-charging control module 104 which are connected in sequence, and the power supply module 101 and the pre-charging module 103 are respectively connected to the energy storage element 105, and the pre-charging control module 104 is connected to the power supply module 101.

[0043] The pre-charging control module 104 is used to receive the input power 106 and control the power supply control module 102 and the pre-charging path 1031 in the pre-charging module 103 to be turned on according to the input power 106 .

[0044] Among them, the input power supply 106 is used to provide a pre-charge voltage for the pre-charge circuit 100. It is understandable that the input power supply 106 is connected to the energy storage element 105 so as to subsequently realize the pre-charge of the energy storage element 105. The input power supply 106 can be set according to demand. Exemplarily, the input power supply 106 can be a DC input power supply. The energy storage element 105 includes but is not limited to a capacitor.

[0045] The pre-charging module 103 includes a pre-charging path 1031. The pre-charging path 1031 can be implemented by corresponding switching elements. Among them, the switching elements include but are not limited to insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET), relays, diodes or other mechanical switches. For example, when the switching element in the pre-charging path 1031 is turned on, the pre-charging path 1031 is turned on, and when the switching element in the pre-charging path 1031 is turned off, the pre-charging path 1031 is disconnected.

[0046] Optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can detect the input current or input voltage of the input power supply 106, and control the switch element in the pre-charge path 1031 to be turned on when the input current or input voltage is greater than a preset input threshold. For example, the pre-charge circuit is applied in a photovoltaic input scenario to avoid pre-charging power supply actions when the photovoltaic input is weak. For another example, by controlling the switch element in the pre-charge path 1031 to be turned on when the input current or input voltage is greater than a preset input threshold, an undervoltage protection function can be achieved.

[0047] Further optionally, the power supply control module 102 may also include a corresponding switch element. When the pre-charging path 1031 is turned on, the switch element in the power supply control module 102 may also be turned on accordingly.

[0048] In some embodiments, optionally, the pre-charging control module 104 may also be connected to the power supply control module 102, so that the pre-charging control module 104 can directly control the pre-charging path 1031 in the pre-charging module 103 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on when the input current or input voltage is greater than a preset input threshold.

[0049] Furthermore, the pre-charging control module 104 can control the pre-charging path 1031 in the pre-charging module 103 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on according to the input power supply 106 .

[0050] The pre-charging module 103 is used to pre-charge the energy storage element 105 via the pre-charging path 1031 by the input power 106 when both the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are turned on.

[0051] Further, when the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are both turned on, since the pre-charging path 1031 is already turned on, the input power source 106 can pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031. It can be understood that in the process of pre-charging the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031, the voltage of the energy storage element 105 will gradually increase.

[0052] The power supply control module 102 is used to control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to be disconnected when the power supply control module 102 is turned on; and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, and control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to be turned on through the pre-charging control module 104.

[0053] The power supply module 101 includes a power supply path 1011. Similarly, the power supply path 1011 can also be implemented by a corresponding switch element. For example, when the switch element in the power supply path 1011 is turned on, the power supply path 1011 is turned on, and when the switch element in the power supply path 1011 is turned off, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned off. Furthermore, when the power supply control module 102 is turned on, the power supply control module 102 can control the switch element in the power supply path 1011 to be turned off, so as to disconnect the power supply path 1011.

[0054] In other words, after the pre-charging control module 104 receives the input power 106, the pre-charging path 1031 in the pre-charging module 103 is connected to the power supply control module 102. On the one hand, the power supply control module 102 is turned on so that the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 is disconnected. On the other hand, when both the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are turned on, the input power 106 can pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031.

[0055] Further, the power supply control module 102 can receive the corresponding voltage, and the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element 105, that is, the greater the voltage of the energy storage element 105, the smaller the voltage received by the power supply control module 102. In this way, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, it also means that the voltage of the energy storage element 105 reaches a certain pre-charge voltage value, and then the pre-charge of the energy storage element 105 can be ended. Among them, the preset voltage threshold can be set according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0056] Moreover, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, the power supply control module 102 will be in a disconnected state. It is understandable that after the pre-charging control module 104 receives the input power supply 106, the input power supply 106 can automatically pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031. As the voltage of the energy storage element 105 reaches a certain pre-charging voltage value, the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 will be less than the preset voltage threshold, and then the power supply control module 102 will be disconnected, and since the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are not both turned on, the input power supply 106 will no longer pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031, thereby stopping the pre-charging.

[0057] Furthermore, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, the power supply control module 102 will also control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to be turned on through the pre-charge control module 104. Optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the power supply path 1011 to be turned on by controlling the switch element in the power supply path 1011.

[0058] The power supply module 101 is used for supplying power to the energy storage element 105 through the power supply path 1011 from the input power supply 106 when the power supply path 1011 is turned on. That is, when the power supply path 1011 is turned on, on the one hand, the energy storage element 105 stops precharging, and on the other hand, the input power supply 106 supplies power to the energy storage element 105 through the power supply path 1011.

[0059] The pre-charging circuit 100 includes a power supply module 101, a power supply control module 102, a pre-charging module 103 and a pre-charging control module 104 which are connected in sequence, and the power supply module 101 and the pre-charging module 103 are respectively connected to the energy storage element 105, and the pre-charging control module 104 is connected to the power supply module 101. Among them, the pre-charging control module 104 is used to receive the input power supply 106, and control the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 in the pre-charging module 103 to be turned on according to the input power supply 106; the pre-charging module 103 is used to, when the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are both turned on, have the input power supply 106 pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031; the power supply control module 102 is used to, when the power supply control module 102 is turned on, control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to be disconnected, and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, and control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to be turned on through the pre-charging control module 104; the power supply module 101 is used to, when the power supply path 1011 is turned on, have the input power supply 106 supply power to the energy storage element 105 through the power supply path 1011. In this way, after the pre-charging control module 104 receives the input power 106, the input power 106 can automatically pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031, and since the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element 105, and then, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, since the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are not both turned on, the input power 106 no longer pre-charges the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031, but the input power 106 supplies power to the energy storage element 105 normally through the power supply path 1011. In the above-mentioned pre-charging circuit 100, the pre-charging can be automatically started and ended without the need for MCU control, thereby reducing the hardware cost of the pre-charging circuit 100.

[0060] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply control module in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the power supply control module 102 includes a first transistor 1021, a gate (Gate, G) of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charge path 1031, a drain (Drain, D) of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charge control module 104, and a source (Source, S) of the first transistor 1021 is grounded.

[0061] Optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the state of the power supply control module 102 through the first transistor 1021. When the first transistor 1021 is in the on state, the power supply control module 102 is turned on; when the first transistor 1021 is in the off state, the power supply control module 102 is turned off.

[0062] Further optionally, the pre-charging control module 104 may control the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the first transistor 1021 when the pre-charging path 1031 is turned on.

[0063] In the above embodiment, since the power supply control module 102 includes a first transistor 1021, the gate of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charging path 1031, the drain of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charging control module 104, and the source of the first transistor 1021 is grounded, the pre-charging control module 104 can turn on the power supply control module 102 in a timely and accurate manner through the first transistor 1021 after receiving the input power supply 106.

[0064] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pre-filling path in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, optionally, the pre-charging path 1031 includes a second transistor 1031a, the base (Base, B) of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the pre-charging control module 104, the emitter (Emitter, E) of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the power supply control module 102, the collector (Collector, C) of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, and the second end of the energy storage element 105 is connected to the input power supply 106.

[0065] Optionally, the pre-fill control module 104 may control the state of the pre-fill path 1031 through the second transistor 1031a. When the second transistor 1031a is in the on state, the pre-fill path 1031 is turned on; when the second transistor 1031a is in the off state, the pre-fill path 1031 is turned off.

[0066] Further optionally, the second transistor 1031a is used to control the state of the power supply control module 102. When the second transistor 1031a is in the on state, the power supply control module 102 is turned on; when the second transistor 1031a is in the off state, the power supply control module 102 is turned off.

[0067] In the above embodiment, the pre-charging path 1031 includes a second transistor 1031a. Since the base of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the pre-charging control module 104, the emitter of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the power supply control module 102, the collector of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, and the second end of the energy storage element 105 is connected to the input power supply 106, the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 can be turned on in a timely and accurate manner through the second transistor 1031a.

[0068] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of another pre-filling path in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the pre-filling module 103 further includes a constant current unit 1032 , and the constant current unit 1032 is connected to the pre-filling path 1031 and the pre-filling control module 104 , respectively.

[0069] The pre-charging control module 104 is further used to control the complementary conduction of the pre-charging path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032, so that when the pre-charging current is within a preset current range, the input power source 106 pre-charges the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031.

[0070] In other words, when the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on, the constant current unit 1032 is turned off; when the pre-charge path 1031 is turned off, the constant current unit 1032 is turned on. Optionally, complementary transistors can be respectively provided in the pre-charge path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032 to achieve complementary conduction, for example, the pre-charge path 1031 includes an NPN transistor, and the constant current unit 1032 includes a PNP transistor.

[0071] Furthermore, by complementary conduction of the pre-charging path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032 , the energy storage element 105 can be pre-charged by the input power source 106 through the pre-charging path 1031 when the pre-charging current is within a preset current range.

[0072] Among them, the pre-charge current refers to the current flowing through the energy storage element 105 during the pre-charge process. For example, the preset current range may include a first preset value and a second preset value, the first preset value is the lower limit of the preset current range, and the second preset value is the upper limit of the preset current range. When the pre-charge current is lower than the first preset value, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on, the constant current unit 1032 is disconnected, the input power supply 106 charges the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031, and the pre-charge current gradually rises. When the pre-charge current reaches the second preset value, the pre-charge path 1031 is disconnected, the constant current unit 1032 is turned on, and the pre-charge current decreases. In this way, the pre-charge current can be within the preset current range.

[0073] In the above embodiment, since the pre-charging module 103 also includes a constant current unit 1032, the constant current unit 1032 is respectively connected to the pre-charging path 1031 and the pre-charging control module 104, and the pre-charging control module 104 is also used to control the complementary conduction of the pre-charging path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032, so that when the pre-charging current is within a preset current range, the input power supply 106 pre-charges the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charging path 1031. Therefore, constant current pre-charging can be achieved through the constant current unit 1032, thereby improving the safety and reliability of pre-charging the energy storage element 105.

[0074] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a constant current unit in one embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, optionally, the constant current unit 1032 includes a third transistor 1032a, the base of the third transistor 1032a is connected to the emitter of the second transistor 1031a, the collector of the third transistor 1032a is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor 1031a and the pre-charge control module 104, and the emitter of the third transistor 1032a is grounded.

[0075] Optionally, after receiving the input power supply 106, the pre-charge control module 104 controls the second transistor 1031a to be turned on according to the input power supply 106. Since the second transistor 1031a is turned on, the potential of the base of the third transistor 1032a rises, and then the third transistor 1032a is also turned on, and the turning on of the third transistor 1032a causes the second transistor 1031a to be turned off. When the second transistor 1031a is turned off, the third transistor 1032a will also be turned off because the potential of the base decreases. Under the action of the input power supply 106, the second transistor 1031a will continue to be turned on after the third transistor 1032a is turned off. In this way, repeatedly, when the second transistor 1031a and the third transistor 1032a are complementary turned on, the complementary conduction of the pre-charge path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032 is achieved.

[0076] Further optionally, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, the third transistor 1032a is in a cut-off state.

[0077] In the above embodiment, since the constant current unit 1032 includes a third transistor 1032a, the base of the third transistor 1032a is connected to the emitter of the second transistor 1031a, the collector of the third transistor 1032a is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor 1031a and the pre-charging control module 104, and the emitter of the third transistor 1032a is grounded, complementary conduction can be achieved through the second transistor 1031a and the third transistor 1032a, thereby realizing constant current pre-charging.

[0078] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a pre-charge control module in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 includes a fourth transistor 1041 and a control power supply 1042. The base of the fourth transistor 1041 is used to receive the input power supply 106. The emitter of the fourth transistor 1041 is connected to the control power supply 1042. The collector of the fourth transistor 1041 is respectively connected to the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply path 1011. The control power supply 1042 can be set according to actual needs, for example, a 5 volt (V) power supply.

[0079] The pre-charge control module 104 is also used to control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in a conducting state when receiving the input power 106, so as to control the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041. In other words, after the pre-charge control module 104 receives the input power 106, under the action of the input power 106, it can control the fourth transistor 1041 to be turned on, and then, when the fourth transistor 1041 is in a conducting state, the control power 1042 can control the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041.

[0080] Furthermore, when the power supply control module 102 is turned on, the power supply path 1011 is disconnected, and when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, the power supply path 1011 can be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041 and the control power supply 1042.

[0081] In the above embodiment, since the pre-charging control module 104 includes a fourth transistor 1041 and a control power supply 1042, the base of the fourth transistor 1041 is used to receive the input power supply 106, the emitter of the fourth transistor 1041 is connected to the control power supply 1042, and the collector of the fourth transistor 1041 is respectively connected to the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply path 1011. Therefore, the pre-charging control module 104 can control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in the on state when receiving the input power supply 106, so as to control the pre-charging path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041.

[0082] Please continue to refer to Figure 6 In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 further includes a fifth transistor 1043, a gate of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the input power supply 106, a drain of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor 1041, and a source of the fifth transistor 1043 is grounded.

[0083] The pre-charge control module 104 is further used to control the fifth transistor 1043 to be in an on state when receiving the input power supply 106, so as to control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in an on state through the fifth transistor 1043.

[0084] In other words, after receiving the input power supply 106, the pre-charge control module 104 first controls the fifth transistor 1043 to be turned on through the input power supply 106, and the fifth transistor 1043 pulls up the base potential of the fourth transistor 1041, so that the fourth transistor 1041 is turned on along with the fifth transistor 1043. Furthermore, the control power supply 1042 controls the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041.

[0085] In the above embodiment, since the pre-charging control module 104 also includes the fifth transistor 1043, the gate of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the input power supply 106, the drain of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor 1041, and the source of the fifth transistor 1043 is grounded, the pre-charging control module 104 can control the fifth transistor 1043 to be in the on state when receiving the input power supply 106, so as to control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in the on state through the fifth transistor 1043.

[0086] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply module in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, optionally, the power supply path 1011 includes a sixth transistor 1011a, the drain of the sixth transistor 1011a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, the source of the sixth transistor 1011a is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a is respectively connected to the power supply control module 102 and the pre-charge control module 104.

[0087] That is, the state of the power supply path 1011 can be controlled by the sixth transistor 1011a. When the sixth transistor 1011a is in the on state, the power supply path 1011 is turned on, and the input power source 106 supplies power to the energy storage element 105 through the power supply path 1011. When the sixth transistor 1011a is in the off state, the power supply path 1011 is disconnected.

[0088] In the above embodiment, since the power supply module 101 includes the sixth transistor 1011a, the drain of the sixth transistor 1011a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, the source of the sixth transistor 1011a is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a is respectively connected to the power supply control module 102 and the pre-charge control module 104, the power supply path 1011 can be efficiently controlled to be disconnected or turned on through the sixth transistor 1011a.

[0089] Please continue to refer to Figure 7 In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the power supply module 101 further includes a delay capacitor 1012, a first end of the delay capacitor 1012 is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a, and a second end of the delay capacitor 1012 is grounded.

[0090] In the above embodiment, since the power supply module 101 also includes a delay capacitor 1012, the first end of the delay capacitor 1012 is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a, and the second end of the delay capacitor 1012 is grounded. Therefore, through the delay capacitor 1012, under the action of the input power supply 106, the pre-charging path 1031 can be turned on before the power supply path 1011, and then the energy storage element 105 is pre-charged first.

[0091] In order to more clearly introduce the pre-charging circuit 100 of the present application, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 Provide explanation. Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of a pre-charging circuit in an embodiment. Figure 8 As shown, Vdc-in represents the input power supply 106. The energy storage element 105 includes capacitors CE1, CE2, CE3 and CE4, and capacitors CE1 to CE4 can be capacitors on the bus. Q6 represents the first transistor 1021, Q2 represents the second transistor 1031a, Q5 represents the third transistor 1032a, Q1 represents the fourth transistor 1041, Q4 represents the fifth transistor 1043, and Q3 represents the sixth transistor 1011a. C1 represents the delay capacitor 1012. VCC represents the control power supply 1042.

[0092] Among them, the first ends of capacitors CE1 to CE4 are connected to both the drain of Q3 and the collector of Q2, and the second ends of capacitors CE1 to CE4 are connected to Vdc-in. Vdc-in is also connected to the gate of Q4, the source of Q4 is grounded, and the drain of Q4 is connected to the base of Q1. The emitter of Q1 is connected to VCC, the collector of Q1 is connected to the drain of Q6 and the gate of Q3 respectively, the source of Q3 is grounded, and the source of Q6 is grounded. The base of Q2 is connected to the collector of Q5, and the emitter of Q2 and the base of Q5 are connected to the gate of Q6 respectively. The emitter of Q5 is grounded. The first end of C1 is connected to the gate of Q3, and the second end of C1 is grounded.

[0093] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 Optionally, in some embodiments, the pre-charging circuit further includes a diode D1 and / or a diode D2, wherein the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of Q1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the gate of Q3 and the drain of Q6, respectively. The anode of the diode D2 is connected to the collector of Q1, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the drain of Q6.

[0094] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pre-charging circuit may further include at least one of the following resistors:

[0095] (1) Resistor R1; the first end of resistor R1 is connected to the first end of capacitors CE1 to CE4, and the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the second end of capacitors CE1 to CE4. (2) Resistor R2; the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the second end of capacitors CE1 to CE4 through resistor R2. (3) Resistor R3; resistor R3 is arranged between diode D1 and the collector of Q1. (4) Resistor R4; resistor R4 is arranged between Vdc-in and the gate of Q4. (5) Resistor R5; resistor R5 is arranged between the collector of Q1 and the base of Q2. (6) Resistor R6; resistor R6 is arranged between the base of Q2 and the collector of Q1. (7) Resistor R7; resistor R7 is arranged between Vdc-in and the gate of Q4. (8) Resistor R8; resistor R8 is arranged between the base of Q1 and the drain of Q4. (9) Resistor R9; Resistor R9 is arranged between the emitter of Q2 and the base of Q5. (10) Resistor R10; Resistor R10 is arranged between Vdc-in and the gate of Q4. (11) Resistor R11; Resistor R11 is arranged between the first end of C1 and the gate of Q3. (12) Resistor R12; Resistor R12 is arranged between the emitter of Q2 and the base of Q5. (13) Resistor R13; The first end of resistor R13 is connected to the gate of Q3, and the second end of resistor R13 is grounded. (14) Resistor R14; The first end of resistor R14 is arranged between resistor R9 and resistor R12, and the second end of resistor R14 is grounded. (15) Resistor R15; The first end of resistor R15 is connected to the gate of Q4, and the second end of resistor R15 is grounded.

[0096] Among them, R9 and R14 are resistors for pre-charging. Optionally, the selection of R14 can be determined according to the pre-charging current and the parameters of Q5. For example, if the pre-charging current is 50 milliamperes (mA), the selection of R14 is Vbe / 50mA of Q5. Among them, Vbe represents the voltage between the emitter and the base of Q5.

[0097] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pre-charging circuit may further include a capacitor C2, a first end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the gate of Q4, and a second end of the capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0098] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 When Vdc-in is connected, Vdc-in is divided by R4, R7, R10, and R15. When the preset value of Q4 is reached, Q4 is controlled to be turned on, and then Q1 is controlled to be turned on when Q4 is turned on.

[0099] When Q1 is turned on, VCC controls Q2 to turn on through Q1. When Q2 is turned on, due to the setting of C1, on the one hand, capacitors CE1 to CE4 are pre-charged through Q2, R9, and R14; on the other hand, the electric energy transmitted after Q2 is turned on will also control Q6 to turn on, thereby lowering the potential of the gate of Q3 to control Q3 to be in the cut-off state.

[0100] Moreover, when Q2 is turned on, the potential of Q2's 2nd foot reaches the preset value of Q5 through the voltage division of R9 and R14, and then controls Q5 to turn on, and Q5 turning on will turn off Q2. Furthermore, when Q2 is in the off state, the potential of Q5's base drops, and when it drops below the preset value of Q5, Q5 is in the off state. When Q5 is in the off state, Q2 will continue to turn on, and the cycle will continue until the voltage of capacitor CE1 to capacitor CE4 is charged to a certain pre-charge voltage value, so as to achieve a constant current pre-charge effect.

[0101] Furthermore, during the pre-charging process of capacitors CE1 to CE4, the voltage of capacitors CE1 to CE4 will continue to rise, causing the potential of the collector and emitter of Q2 to drop. That is to say, the potential of pin 2 of Q2 will continue to drop. When the potential of pin 2 of Q2 is less than the preset voltage threshold, that is, when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than the preset voltage threshold, the pre-charging of capacitors CE1 to CE4 ends. At this time, since the voltage of pin 2 of Q2 drops below the conduction preset value of Q6 and Q5, Q5 and Q6 will both be in the cut-off state.

[0102] When Q6 is in the cut-off state, VCC will supply power to the gate of Q3 through Q1 to turn on Q3, thereby allowing capacitors CE1 to CE4 to be powered normally.

[0103] It should be noted that the above-mentioned conduction preset value can be flexibly adjusted by setting the resistance.

[0104] Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of another pre-charging circuit in an embodiment. Figure 8 On the basis of the pre-charging circuit 100 shown, optionally, the pre-charging circuit 100 may further include a capacitor C3. A first end of the capacitor C3 is arranged between the emitter of Q2 and the gate of Q6, and a second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded. Since the capacitor C3 is arranged, Q6 can be reliably turned on through the capacitor C3.

[0105] Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of another pre-charging circuit in an embodiment. In some embodiments, Figure 8 or Fig. 9On the basis of, optionally, the pre-charging circuit 100 may further include a transistor Q7 and a voltage regulator DZ1. The base of the transistor Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator DZ1, the emitter of the transistor Q7 is grounded, and the collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of Q4. The negative electrode of the voltage regulator DZ1 is connected to Vdc-in.

[0106] In this way, if the input voltage corresponding to Vdc-in exceeds a certain input voltage threshold, the voltage regulator DZ1 will be reversely broken down and the transistor Q7 will be controlled to be in the on state, so as to control Q4 to be in the off state through the transistor Q7, thereby realizing the overvoltage protection function of the pre-charging circuit 100.

[0107] Further optionally, the pre-charging circuit 100 may further include a resistor R16, a first end of the resistor R16 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q7, and a second end of the resistor R16 is connected to the base of the transistor Q7.

[0108] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage power supply in one embodiment, such as Fig.11 As shown, in one embodiment, an energy storage power supply 1100 is further provided, and the energy storage power supply 1100 includes an energy storage element 105 and any one of the pre-charging circuits 100 described above.

[0109] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0110] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0111] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A precharge circuit, characterized in that: The pre-charging circuit comprises a power supply module, a power supply control module, a pre-charging module and a pre-charging control module which are connected in sequence, and the power supply module and the pre-charging module are respectively connected to an energy storage element, and the pre-charging control module is connected to the power supply module; The pre-charging control module is used to receive input power and control the pre-charging path in the pre-charging module and the power supply control module to be turned on according to the input power; The pre-charging module is used to pre-charge the energy storage element by the input power through the pre-charging path when the pre-charging path and the power supply control module are both turned on; The power supply control module is used to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be disconnected when the power supply control module is turned on, and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than a preset voltage threshold, and to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be turned on through the pre-charge control module; The voltage received by the power supply control module is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element; The power supply module is used to supply power to the energy storage element from the input power source through the power supply path when the power supply path is turned on.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The power supply control module includes a first transistor, a gate of the first transistor is connected to the pre-charging path, a drain of the first transistor is connected to the pre-charging control module, and a source of the first transistor is grounded.

3. The circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pre-charging path includes a second transistor, the base of the second transistor is connected to the pre-charging control module, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the power supply control module, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, and the second end of the energy storage element is connected to the input power supply.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The pre-filling module further comprises a constant current unit, and the constant current unit is respectively connected to the pre-filling path and the pre-filling control module; The pre-charging control module is also used to control the pre-charging path and the constant current unit to be complementary conductive, so that when the pre-charging current is within a preset current range, the input power source pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charging path.

5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that The constant current unit includes a third transistor, the base of the third transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the collector of the third transistor is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor and the pre-charge control module, and the emitter of the third transistor is grounded.

6. The circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pre-charge control module includes a fourth transistor and a control power supply, the base of the fourth transistor is used to receive an input power supply, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the control power supply, and the collector of the fourth transistor is respectively connected to the pre-charge path and the power supply path; The pre-charging control module is further used to control the fourth transistor to be in an on state when receiving the input power supply, so as to control the pre-charging path and the power supply control module to be turned on through the fourth transistor.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that The pre-charge control module further includes a fifth transistor, a gate of the fifth transistor is connected to the input power supply, a drain of the fifth transistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor, and a source of the fifth transistor is grounded; The pre-charge control module is further used to control the fifth transistor to be in an on state when receiving the input power supply, so as to control the fourth transistor to be in an on state through the fifth transistor.

8. The circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power supply path includes a sixth transistor, the drain of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, the source of the sixth transistor is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor is respectively connected to the power supply control module and the pre-charge control module.

9. The circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that The power supply module further includes a delay capacitor, a first end of the delay capacitor is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor, and a second end of the delay capacitor is grounded.

10. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: The energy storage power supply comprises an energy storage element and a pre-charging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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