Lightweight high-strength building formwork and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a light high-strength building template and a preparation method thereof. The building template comprises an upper structure, a lower structure, and a hollow structure between the upper structure and the lower structure. The outer surfaces of the upper structure and the lower structure are both paved with a fiber reinforced structure. A frame structure is arranged in the hollow structure and used for connecting the upper structure and the lower structure. The preparation method of the building template comprises the following steps: feeding raw materials into a high mixer, mixing and stirring for 20-40 minutes to obtain mixed raw materials; feeding the mixed raw materials into a double-screw extruder, extruding by using an extrusion process to form the building template; placing a fiber reinforced structure at an extrusion outlet position of the double-screw extruder and applying a pre-tension to the fiber reinforced structure, so that the building template is directly contacted and combined with the fiber reinforced structure after extrusion, and the building template is heated and pressurized to form an integrated light high-strength building template.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a light and high-strength building formwork and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of building construction, the currently used formworks include wooden glued formworks, steel formworks, aluminum alloy formworks, plastic formworks, etc.

[0003] However, in actual use, the above-mentioned formworks all have certain limitations. The wooden glued formwork is widely used due to its advantages of light weight, moderate strength, and low initial investment cost. Wood is highly workable and easy to cut, which gives the wooden formwork high flexibility in the construction site. However, the construction process of the wooden formwork needs to rely on a large amount of manual operation, such as on-site sawing, board matching, and scattered disassembly, which leads to a relatively short use cycle. In addition, the high material consumption and high energy consumption of wood, as well as the environmental problems of construction waste, cannot be ignored, which causes great pressure on the environment. The steel formwork performs well in deformation control and load-bearing performance, but the high density of steel makes the steel formwork heavy, which causes inconvenience to the operation of construction workers. The disassembly and assembly process of the steel formwork is particularly difficult, and often needs to be assisted by a crane, which not only reduces the construction efficiency, but also limits the application of the steel formwork in certain specific scenarios. The aluminum alloy formwork stands out due to its light weight and good oxidation resistance. Aluminum alloy material has good recycling property and can be processed and reused after damage, which meets the concept of green construction. However, the cost of the aluminum alloy formwork is relatively high, and the demolding effect needs to be improved. The formwork is prone to deformation during use, which affects the construction quality and efficiency. The plastic formwork is favored by the market due to its advantages of light weight, easy assembly and disassembly, and multiple recycling times. However, the strength and rigidity of plastic material are relatively low, and the thermal stability and aging resistance are poor, which easily leads to deformation and damage of the formwork. In addition, the plastic formwork is also prone to scalding damage by high-temperature objects such as electric slag, which affects its service life and safety. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a light and high-strength building formwork and a preparation method thereof. By providing a fiber reinforced structure on the building formwork, the thermal insulation performance of the building formwork can be improved to reduce the deformation of the building formwork. By providing a frame structure in the hollow structure, the frame structure can serve as a filling skeleton to provide the required rigidity for the building formwork, and facilitate support. At the same time, the design of the hollow structure can reduce the overall weight of the building formwork and save materials. In the preparation process, the fiber reinforced structure is integrated with the building formwork, which is firm and avoids the use of adhesive, thereby saving materials and facilitating the obtaining of a light and high-strength building formwork. In addition, a pre-tension is given to the fiber reinforced structure, which can inhibit the thermal expansion of the frame structure and restrict the cold shrinkage of the frame, thereby improving the thermal stability of the building formwork.

[0005] A light-weight high-strength building template and a preparation method thereof, the building template comprising an upper structure, a lower structure, and a hollow structure between the upper structure and the lower structure; the outer surfaces of the upper structure and the lower structure are both paved with a fiber reinforced structure; a frame structure is arranged in the hollow structure for connecting the upper structure and the lower structure.

[0006] The preparation method of the building template comprises:

[0007] The raw materials are put into a high mixer for mixing and stirring for 20-40 minutes to obtain mixed raw materials;

[0008] The mixed raw materials are put into a double-screw extruder for extrusion by using an extrusion process to form the building template;

[0009] The fiber reinforced structure is placed at the extrusion outlet position of the double-screw extruder, and a pre-tension is applied to the fiber reinforced structure, so that the building template is directly in contact with the fiber reinforced structure after extrusion, and the building template is heated and pressurized to form an integrated light-weight high-strength building template.

[0010] By arranging the fiber reinforced structure on the building template, the heat insulation performance of the building template can be improved to reduce the deformation of the building template; by arranging the frame structure in the hollow structure, the frame structure can provide the required stiffness for the building template as a filling skeleton, and the hollow structure design can reduce the overall weight of the building template and save materials; and the fiber reinforced structure is integrated with the building template during the preparation process, which is firmly combined, avoids the use of adhesive, saves materials, and facilitates the obtaining of a light-weight high-strength building template; and a pre-tension is applied to the fiber reinforced structure, which facilitates the inhibition of the frame structure when it expands due to heat and the restraint of the frame when it shrinks due to cold, thereby improving the thermal stability of the building template.

[0011] Further, the upper structure and the lower structure are fiber fabrics; the fiber fabrics comprise one or more of carbon fibers, glass fibers, and aramid fibers.

[0012] The use of carbon fibers can utilize their high strength performance to provide the required strength of the building template; the use of glass fibers and aramid fibers can utilize their high heat insulation performance to reduce the deformation of the building template.

[0013] Further, the frame structure comprises a truss structure or a corrugated structure for alternately connecting the upper structure and the lower structure.

[0014] By setting the frame structure of truss type structure or corrugated structure, it is spaced, alternatingly connected with the upper structure and the lower structure, when the frame structure deforms due to temperature, the deformation is discontinuous, thereby reducing the influence on the whole building template.

[0015] Further, the frame structure is a fiber reinforced plastic structure; the fiber reinforced plastic structure includes plastic, and one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber.

[0016] Incorporating one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber in the plastic frame structure, the fiber plays a role of reinforcing and deformation inhibition on the plastic; by using the frame structure of fiber reinforced plastic structure, compared with the frame structure of pure carbon fiber material, all functions can be met while reducing the material cost.

[0017] Further, the fiber reinforced plastic structure includes 100 parts of high-density polyethylene, 2-4 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 0.5-1 part of ethylene-octene copolymer, 2-5 parts of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, 2-15 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 8-30 parts of calcium silicate, 5-10 parts of 2-4-toluene diisocyanate, 4-10 parts of butyl epoxy stearate, 40-60 parts of carbon fiber or glass fiber or aramid fiber or mixed fiber with a length of 2-5 mm.

[0018] Further, the fiber reinforced structure includes carbon fiber cloth;

[0019] The carbon fiber cloth is woven by mixing carbon fiber and glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the glass fiber is 3:2;

[0020] Or the carbon fiber cloth is woven by mixing carbon fiber and aramid fiber, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the glass fiber is 4:1.

[0021] By setting carbon fiber in the fiber reinforced structure, the strength of the fiber reinforced structure can be improved; by setting glass fiber or aramid fiber in the fiber reinforced structure, the heat insulation performance of the fiber reinforced structure can be improved, thereby solving the heat transfer problem; and since the aramid fiber itself is light in weight, the weight of the fiber reinforced structure can be reduced.

[0022] Further, the fiber reinforced structure includes carbon fiber sheet;

[0023] The carbon fiber sheet includes carbon fiber sheet and glass fiber sheet; the glass fiber sheet is laid on the surface of the upper structure, and the carbon fiber sheet is laid on the surface of the lower structure;

[0024] Or the carbon fiber sheet includes carbon fiber sheet and aramid fiber sheet; the aramid fiber sheet is laid on the surface of the upper structure, and the carbon fiber sheet is laid on the surface of the lower structure.

[0025] The use of the carbon fiber sheet can improve the overall strength of the fiber reinforced structure.

[0026] Further, the carbon fiber sheet has a thickness of 0.11mm-1mm.

[0027] Further, the fiber reinforced structure is sprayed with SiO2 aerogel paint; the SiO2 aerogel paint is composed of 10%-30% SiO2 aerogel powder, 50%-70% water-based polyurethane, 0.5%-1.5% sodium chloride, 0.2%-0.5% dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and 0.2%-0.5% water-based defoamer.

[0028] By spraying the SiO2 aerogel paint on the surface of the fiber reinforced structure, heat transfer from the fiber reinforced structure to the building formwork can be avoided, which can prevent the building formwork from melting, deforming and scalding, and the use of release agent can be reduced.

[0029] Further, the recycling of the light-weight and high-strength building formwork is also included, which comprises:

[0030] The light-weight and high-strength building formwork is heated and melted by using a heating plate heated to 180-200 DEG C, so that the fiber reinforced structure is separated from the building formwork, and the separated fiber reinforced structure and building formwork are recycled and reused respectively.

[0031] By using the heating method to melt the building formwork and the fiber reinforced structure material, recycling and reuse are facilitated, and materials are saved.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0033] The present application can improve the thermal insulation performance of the building formwork by arranging the fiber reinforced structure on the building formwork, so as to reduce the deformation of the building formwork; the frame structure arranged in the hollow structure can be used as a filling skeleton to provide the required rigidity for the building formwork, and facilitate support, while the hollow structure design can reduce the overall weight of the building formwork and save materials; and the fiber reinforced structure and the building formwork are integrated during preparation, which is firmly combined, avoids the use of adhesive paste and saves materials, so as to obtain a light-weight and high-strength building formwork; and the fiber reinforced structure has a pre-tension, which can inhibit the thermal expansion of the frame structure and restrain the cold shrinkage of the frame, thereby improving the thermal stability of the building formwork. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the truss structure;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the truss structure and the upper structure and the lower structure.

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a corrugated structure;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic view of a corrugated structure and the connection of the upper structure and the lower structure;

[0038] Figure 5 is a flow chart of the present application.

[0039] Reference signs:

[0040] 1, upper structure; 2, lower structure; 31, truss structure; 32, corrugated structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be apparently and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] It is to be appreciated that various aspects described hereinafter in the context of embodiments are provided for illustration. It should be clear that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure provided, one of ordinary skill in the art should appreciate that an aspect described herein can be implemented independent of any other aspect and that two or more aspects can be combined in any way. For example, an apparatus can be implemented or a method can be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such an apparatus can be implemented and / or such a method can be practiced using other structure and / or functionality in addition to or other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0043] In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to thoroughly understand the examples, and those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present application according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] In an embodiment, a light-weight high-strength building template is provided, which comprises an upper structure 1, a lower structure 2, and a hollow structure between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, the outer surfaces of the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2 are both paved with a fiber-reinforced structure; a frame structure is arranged in the hollow structure for connecting the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2. By arranging the fiber-reinforced structure on the building template, the heat insulation performance of the building template can be improved to reduce the deformation of the building template; by arranging the frame structure in the hollow structure, the frame structure can serve as a filling skeleton to provide the required stiffness for the building template, and the hollow structure design can reduce the overall weight of the building template and save materials.

[0046] Specifically, the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2 are fiber fabrics; the fiber fabrics comprise one or more of carbon fibers, glass fibers, and aramid fibers. The use of carbon fibers can utilize their high strength to provide the required strength of the building template; the use of glass fibers and aramid fibers can utilize their high heat insulation performance to reduce the deformation of the building template.

[0047] Specifically, the frame structure comprises a truss structure 31 and a corrugated structure 32 for alternately connecting the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2. By arranging the truss structure 31 or the corrugated structure 32, the frame structure is connected to the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2 in an alternating and spaced manner, so that when the frame structure deforms due to temperature changes, the deformation is discontinuous, thereby reducing the impact on the entire building template.

[0048] Figure 1 The truss structure 31 is shown in the schematic view; Figure 2 The truss structure 31 is shown in the schematic view; Figure 3 The corrugated structure 32 is shown in the schematic view; Figure 4 The corrugated structure 32 is shown in the schematic view.

[0049] The frame structure is a fiber-reinforced plastic structure; the fiber-reinforced plastic structure comprises plastic and one or more of carbon fibers, glass fibers, and aramid fibers. The plastic frame structure is mixed with one or more of carbon fibers, glass fibers, and aramid fibers to enhance and inhibit deformation of the plastic. The fiber-reinforced plastic structure comprises 100 parts of high-density polyethylene, 2-4 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 0.5-1 part of ethylene-octene copolymer, 2-5 parts of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, 2-15 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 8-30 parts of calcium silicate, 5-10 parts of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 4-10 parts of butyl epoxy stearate, and 40-60 parts of carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, or mixed fibers with a length of 2-5 mm.

[0050] Specifically, the fiber reinforced structure includes carbon fiber cloth and carbon fiber sheet.

[0051] The carbon fiber cloth is mixed and woven by carbon fiber and glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the glass fiber is 3:2; or the carbon fiber cloth is mixed and woven by carbon fiber and aramid fiber, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the glass fiber is 4:1. By arranging the carbon fiber in the fiber reinforced structure, the strength of the fiber reinforced structure can be improved; by arranging the glass fiber or aramid fiber in the fiber reinforced structure, the heat insulation performance of the fiber reinforced structure can be improved, thereby solving the heat transfer problem; and since the aramid fiber is light in weight, the weight of the fiber reinforced structure can be reduced.

[0052] The carbon fiber sheet includes carbon fiber plate and glass fiber plate; the glass fiber plate is laid on the surface of the upper structure 1, and the carbon fiber plate is laid on the surface of the lower structure 2; or the carbon fiber sheet includes carbon fiber plate and aramid fiber plate; the aramid fiber plate is laid on the surface of the upper structure 1, and the carbon fiber plate is laid on the surface of the lower structure 2. The use of the carbon fiber sheet can improve the overall strength of the fiber reinforced structure.

[0053] In the embodiment, the thickness of the carbon fiber sheet is 0.11mm-1mm.

[0054] Specifically, the fiber reinforced structure is sprayed with SiO2 aerogel coating; the SiO2 aerogel coating is composed of 10%-30% SiO2 aerogel powder, 50%-70% water-based polyurethane, 0.5%-1.5% sodium chloride, 0.2%-0.5% dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5% alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, and 0.2%-0.5% water-based defoamer. By spraying the SiO2 aerogel coating on the surface of the fiber reinforced structure, the melting deformation and scorching of the building formwork caused by the heat transfer from the fiber reinforced structure can be avoided, and the use of release agent can be reduced.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 , a preparation method of a lightweight and high-strength building formwork is provided. By integrating the fiber reinforced structure and the building formwork in the preparation process, the adhesion is firm, the adhesive paste is avoided, the material is saved, and the lightweight and high-strength building formwork is easily obtained; and a pre-tension is given to the fiber reinforced structure, which can inhibit the thermal expansion of the frame structure and restrain the cold shrinkage of the frame, thereby improving the thermal stability of the building formwork. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0057] S1: Put the raw materials into a high-speed mixer, mix and stir for 20-40 minutes to obtain mixed raw materials;

[0058] S2: Put the mixed raw materials into the twin-screw extruder, and use the extrusion process to extrude to form the building template;

[0059] S3: Place the fiber reinforced structure at the extrusion position of the twin-screw extruder, and apply a pre-tension to the fiber reinforced structure, so that the building template is directly contacted and compounded with the fiber reinforced structure after extrusion, and heated and pressurized to form an integrated lightweight high-strength building template.

[0060] Embodiment 3

[0061] In this embodiment, a recycling method of a lightweight high-strength building template is provided, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0062] The lightweight high-strength building template is heated and melted by using a heating plate heated to 180-200℃, so that the fiber reinforced structure is separated from the building template, and the separated fiber reinforced structure and building template are recycled respectively; the frame structure of the plastic part is reused after remelting, and the fibers of the fiber reinforced structure are recycled and processed into fiber filaments for reuse.

[0063] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lightweight high-strength building formwork, characterized by, The building template comprises an upper structure, a lower structure, and a hollow structure between the upper structure and the lower structure; the outer surfaces of the upper structure and the lower structure are paved with a fiber reinforced structure; A frame structure is arranged in the hollow structure, and is used to connect the upper structure and the lower structure; The preparation method of the building template comprises: The raw materials are put into a high mixer, mixed and stirred for 20-40 minutes to obtain mixed raw materials; The mixed raw materials are put into a double-screw extruder, and extruded by using an extrusion process to form the building template; The fiber reinforced structure is placed at the extrusion outlet position of the double-screw extruder, and a pre-tension is applied to the fiber reinforced structure, so that the building template is directly contacted and compounded with the fiber reinforced structure after extrusion, and is heated and pressurized to form an integrated lightweight high-strength building template.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the lightweight high-strength building formwork is prepared by the steps of: The upper structure and the lower structure are fiber fabrics; the fiber fabrics comprise one or more of carbon fibers, glass fibers and aramid fibers. ​ 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: applying a coating to the surface of the paper sheet; and drying the coating. The frame structure comprises a truss structure and a corrugated structure, and is used to alternately connect the upper structure and the lower structure in a spaced manner.

4. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength building formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame structure is a fiber reinforced plastic structure; The fiber reinforced plastic structure comprises plastic and one or more of carbon fibers, glass fibers and aramid fibers.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises the step of: The fiber reinforced plastic structure comprises 100 parts of high-density polyethylene, 2-4 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 0.5-1 part of ethylene-octene copolymer, 2-5 parts of polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether, 2-15 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 8-30 parts of calcium silicate, 5-10 parts of 2, 4-toluene diisocyanate, 4-10 parts of butyl epoxy stearate, and 40-60 parts of carbon fibers, glass fibers or aramid fibers with a length of 2-5 mm or mixed fibers. ​ 6. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength building formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber reinforced structure comprises carbon fiber cloth; The carbon fiber cloth is woven by mixing carbon fibers and glass fibers, and the mass ratio of the carbon fibers to the glass fibers is 3:2; Or the carbon fiber cloth is woven by mixing carbon fibers and aramid fibers, and the mass ratio of the carbon fibers to the aramid fibers is 4:

1.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step of: The fiber reinforced structure comprises carbon fiber sheets; ​ The carbon fiber sheets comprise carbon fiber sheets and glass fiber sheets; the glass fiber sheets are paved on the surface of the upper structure, and the carbon fiber sheets are paved on the surface of the lower structure; Or the carbon fiber sheets comprise carbon fiber sheets and aramid fiber sheets; the aramid fiber sheets are paved on the surface of the upper structure, and the carbon fiber sheets are paved on the surface of the lower structure.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises the step of: The thickness of the carbon fiber sheets is 0.11 mm-1 mm. ​ 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: applying a coating to the surface of the paper sheet; and drying the coating to form a coating layer on the surface of the paper sheet. The surface of the fiber reinforced structure is sprayed with SiO2 aerogel paint; the SiO2 aerogel paint is composed of 10%-30% SiO2 aerogel powder, 50%-70% water-based polyurethane, 0.5%-1.5% sodium chloride, 0.2%-0.5% dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5% alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, and 0.2%-0.5% water-based defoamer.

10. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength building formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also comprises recycling of the lightweight high-strength building template, which comprises: The lightweight high-strength building formwork is heated and melted by a hot plate at 180-200 DEG C, so that the fiber reinforced structure is separated from the building formwork, and the fiber reinforced structure and the building formwork are recycled respectively.

Images