Axial gradient loading high-frequency beam wave interaction circuit structure of gyrotron traveling wave tube

Abstract

The invention discloses a gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high-frequency beam wave interaction circuit structure, and relates to the vacuum electronic technology, and the structure comprises a loading section heat dissipation metal cylinder which comprises a first hollow cylindrical surface and a second hollow cylindrical surface which are coaxial, and the radius of the first hollow cylindrical surface is larger than the radius of the second hollow cylindrical surface; the second substructure is used as a high-frequency interaction section of the metal cylinder; the gradually-changing attenuation ceramic sections are arranged at the two ends of the hollow cylindrical surface of the first substructure, and the thickness of each section of gradually-changing attenuation ceramic of the two gradually-changing attenuation ceramic sections gradually increases in the axial direction towards the middle of the first substructure; the uniform attenuation ceramic is arranged between the two parts of gradient attenuation ceramic; and the hollow cylindrical surfaces based on the first sub-structure and the second sub-structure form a coaxial electron beam channel with a fixed radius. By adopting the structure of combining axial attenuation and uniform attenuation at the two ends, precise and controllable attenuation can be realized, and the gain, the bandwidth and the working stability of the gyrotron traveling wave tube can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vacuum electronic technology, and in particular to a gyrotron traveling wave tube axially gradiently loaded high-frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure. Background Art

[0002] Gyrotron traveling wave tubes are widely used in scientific research, industrial, military and civilian microwave electronic systems such as millimeter wave satellite imaging, satellite cataloging, precision weather forecasting, precision guidance, communications, electronic countermeasures, particle accelerators, microwave remote sensing, thermonuclear fusion, and microwave energy applications.

[0003] Traditional gyrotron traveling wave tubes use a periodic ceramic loading structure in their high-frequency structure, which has a sudden attenuation mode and is limited in output power, gain, bandwidth and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a gyrotron traveling wave tube axially gradually loaded high-frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure, which adopts a structure combining axial gradual attenuation at both ends with uniform attenuation to achieve a precisely controllable attenuation amount, and can greatly improve the gain, bandwidth and working stability of the gyrotron traveling wave tube.

[0005] The present application provides a gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high-frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure, including:

[0006] The loading section heat dissipation metal cylinder 9 comprises a first substructure and a second substructure, wherein the first substructure and the second substructure comprise a coaxial first hollow cylindrical surface and a second hollow cylindrical surface in the axial direction, and the radius of the first hollow cylindrical surface is greater than the radius of the second hollow cylindrical surface;

[0007] The second substructure is a metal cylinder high frequency interaction section 11;

[0008] The gradually attenuated ceramic segment includes multiple sections of gradually attenuated ceramics, which are arranged at both ends of the hollow cylindrical surface of the first substructure, and the thickness of each section of the gradually attenuated ceramic segment of the two parts gradually increases in the axial direction toward the middle of the first substructure;

[0009] The uniform attenuation ceramic 8 is arranged between the two parts of the gradual attenuation ceramic;

[0010] A coaxial electron beam channel with a fixed radius is formed based on the gradually attenuated ceramic, the uniform attenuated ceramic 8 and the hollow cylindrical surface of the second substructure.

[0011] Optionally, the gradually attenuated ceramic section and the uniform attenuated ceramic section 8 are both cylindrical structures, and have the same inner diameter and outer diameter, and are made of beryllium oxide;

[0012] The two parts of the gradually attenuated ceramic include multiple sections of gradually attenuated ceramic, and the thickness of the gradually attenuated ceramic at both ends of the first substructure is the smallest, and the thickness gradually increases toward the middle of the first substructure in the axial direction.

[0013] Optionally, the number of the gradually attenuating ceramics included in the gradually attenuating ceramic segment is not less than 2, and the number of the uniform attenuating ceramics 8 is not less than 2;

[0014] Thermal insulation gaskets 7 are arranged between each section of the gradually attenuated ceramics, between the gradually attenuated ceramics and the uniform attenuation ceramics 8 , and between the uniform attenuation ceramics 8 .

[0015] Optionally, the thermal insulation gasket 7 is made of oxygen-free copper material, and the thermal insulation gaskets 7 have the same specifications to form a coaxial electron beam channel with a fixed radius.

[0016] Optionally, the gradually attenuated ceramics, the uniform attenuation ceramics 8 and the thermal insulation gasket 7 are coaxially sealed in the first hollow cylinder.

[0017] Optionally, the metal cylinder high-frequency interaction section 11 is made of oxygen-free copper material, and the metal cylinder high-frequency interaction section 11 is coaxial with the first hollow cylinder.

[0018] The embodiment of the present application adopts an axially gradient loaded ceramic structure of a gyrotron traveling wave tube. The attenuation of the high-frequency structure gradually increases to a certain value due to the axial attenuation ceramic in the initial stage, and then maintains uniform attenuation for a distance, and finally the axial attenuation is gradually reduced to a certain value through the axial gradient attenuation structure. The scheme of the present application can greatly improve the gain, bandwidth and working stability of the gyrotron traveling wave tube.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure of the gyrotron traveling wave tube axially gradually loaded high-frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure of the embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0022] Figure 2The cross-sectional structure of the gyrotron traveling wave tube axially gradually loaded high-frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure according to the embodiment of the present application is marked schematically. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, including:

[0025] The loading section heat dissipation metal cylinder 9 includes a first substructure and a second substructure. The first substructure and the second substructure include a coaxial first hollow cylinder and a second hollow cylinder in the axial direction. The radius of the first hollow cylinder is greater than the radius of the second hollow cylinder. Figure 1 The first substructure and the second substructure are flush with each other on the outside and are columnar, and two tubular structures connected with each other are formed inside the first substructure and the second substructure.

[0026] The second substructure serves as the metal cylindrical high-frequency interaction section 11 .

[0027] The gradually attenuated ceramic segment includes multiple sections of gradually attenuated ceramics, which are arranged at both ends of the hollow cylindrical surface of the first substructure, and the thickness of each section of the gradually attenuated ceramic segment of the two parts gradually increases in the axial direction toward the middle of the first substructure. Figure 1 Two parts of gradually decreasing ceramics (head and tail) are arranged at both ends of the first hollow cylindrical surface of the middle loading section heat dissipation metal cylinder 9.

[0028] The uniform attenuation ceramic 8 is arranged between the two parts of the gradually attenuating ceramics, that is, the uniform attenuation ceramic 8 is arranged between the gradually attenuating ceramics at the head and the tail in the first hollow cylinder.

[0029] A coaxial electron beam channel with a fixed radius is formed based on the gradually attenuated ceramic, the uniform attenuated ceramic 8 and the hollow cylindrical surface of the second substructure. The electron beam channel is used for passing the electron beam 10 .

[0030] The present application adopts a two-stage axial gradient attenuation ceramic structure and a periodic attenuation ceramic structure. Simulations show that the ceramic attenuation increases with the increase of the ceramic thickness. In the millimeter wave band, at the same power level, the combination of a two-stage axial gradient attenuation ceramic structure and a uniform attenuation ceramic structure can improve the overall gain of the gyrotron traveling wave tube by more than 10 dB, the bandwidth can be increased by more than 1 GHz, and the operation is more stable and reliable.

[0031] In some embodiments, the gradually attenuated ceramic segment and the uniform attenuated ceramic segment 8 are both cylindrical structures with the same inner diameter and outer diameter, and are made of beryllium oxide;

[0032] The two parts of the gradually attenuated ceramic include multiple sections of gradually attenuated ceramic, and the thickness of the gradually attenuated ceramic at both ends of the first substructure is the smallest, and the thickness gradually increases toward the middle of the first substructure in the axial direction.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the gradually attenuated ceramic segment includes gradually attenuated ceramic 1, gradually attenuated ceramic 2, gradually attenuated ceramic 3, gradually attenuated ceramic 4, gradually attenuated ceramic 5, and gradually attenuated ceramic 6. Figure 1 The other end is also provided with multiple sections of gradually attenuated ceramics. The gradually attenuated ceramics in the middle are the thickest, and the gradually attenuated ceramics at the two ends of the first substructure are the thinnest.

[0034] In a specific example, Figure 2 As shown, the inner diameter of all the gradient attenuation ceramics and uniform attenuation ceramics of the device structure of the present application is R1, the outer diameter is R2, the thickness of each gradient attenuation ceramic gradually changes from L1 to L7, where L1≤L2≤L3≤L4≤L5≤L6≤L7, and the thickness of each uniform attenuation ceramic is L7. The axial gradient attenuation on the left side gradually increases, and the axial gradient attenuation on the right side gradually decreases. The increasing attenuation section and the decreasing attenuation section are located on the left and right sides of the uniform attenuation ceramic, and are coaxially connected in the first hollow cylinder.

[0035] In some embodiments, the number of the gradually attenuated ceramics included in the gradually attenuated ceramic segment is not less than 2, and the number of the uniform attenuation ceramics 8 is not less than 2. Figure 1 In the embodiment, a plurality of uniform attenuation ceramics 8 are arranged between the two parts of the gradually attenuating ceramics.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, thermal insulation gaskets 7 are arranged between each section of the gradually attenuated ceramics, between the gradually attenuated ceramics and the uniform attenuation ceramics 8 , and between the uniform attenuation ceramics 8 .

[0037] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation gasket 7 is made of oxygen-free copper material, and the thermal insulation gaskets 7 have the same specifications. In some embodiments, each of the gradient attenuation ceramics, the uniform attenuation ceramics 8 and the thermal insulation gasket 7 are coaxially sealed in the first hollow cylinder. Figure 2 As shown, in the specific example, the heat insulating gasket 7 has an inner diameter of R1, an outer diameter of R2, and a thickness of L8. It is coaxially embedded between each section of the attenuation ceramic to conduct heat and flow.

[0038] In some embodiments, the metal cylinder high-frequency interaction section 11 is made of oxygen-free copper material, and the metal cylinder high-frequency interaction section 11 is coaxial with the second hollow cylinder.

[0039] The inner diameter of the metal cylinder corresponding to the first substructure is R2 (the radius of the second hollow cylinder), the outer diameter is R3, and the height is the sum of the gradual attenuation ceramic and the uniform attenuation ceramic. All the gradual attenuation ceramics, the uniform attenuation ceramics and the thermal insulation gaskets are coaxially sealed in the heat dissipation metal cylinder of the loading section.

[0040] The attenuation is changed by changing the thickness of the gradual attenuation ceramic, that is, the thickness of the attenuation ceramic is changed. In this example, the attenuation is precisely adjusted by changing the sizes of L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 and L7, and L1≤L2≤L3≤L4≤L5≤L6≤L7 is satisfied.

[0041] When the high-gain gyrotron traveling wave tube axially gradient loaded attenuation ceramic structure is working, the high-energy electron beam in the area where the gradient attenuation ceramic and the uniform attenuation ceramic are located interacts with the high-frequency field. Since the structure has gradually increasing attenuation, uniform attenuation and gradually decreasing attenuation, its attenuation does not undergo a sudden change, which can effectively improve the gain, bandwidth and stability of the gyrotron traveling wave tube.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application adopts an axially gradient loaded ceramic structure of a gyrotron traveling wave tube. The attenuation of the high-frequency structure gradually increases to a certain value due to the axial attenuation ceramic in the initial stage, and then maintains uniform attenuation for a distance, and finally the axial attenuation is gradually reduced to a certain value through the axial gradient attenuation structure. The scheme of the present application can greatly improve the gain, bandwidth and working stability of the gyrotron traveling wave tube.

[0043] It should be noted that in the various embodiments of the present application, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0044] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0045] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure, characterized in that: include: A loading section heat dissipation metal cylinder (9), comprising a first substructure and a second substructure, wherein the first substructure and the second substructure axially comprise a coaxial first hollow cylindrical surface and a second hollow cylindrical surface, and the radius of the first hollow cylindrical surface is greater than the radius of the second hollow cylindrical surface; The second substructure serves as a metal cylinder high frequency interaction section (11); The gradually attenuated ceramic segment includes multiple sections of gradually attenuated ceramics, which are arranged at both ends of the hollow cylindrical surface of the first substructure, and the thickness of each section of the gradually attenuated ceramic segment of the two parts gradually increases in the axial direction toward the middle of the first substructure; Uniform attenuation ceramic (8), arranged between two parts of gradual attenuation ceramic; An electron beam channel with a coaxial fixed radius is formed based on the gradually attenuated ceramic, the uniform attenuated ceramic (8) and the hollow cylindrical surface of the second substructure.

2. The gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gradually attenuated ceramic section and the uniform attenuated ceramic section (8) are both cylindrical structures with the same inner diameter and outer diameter, and are made of beryllium oxide; The two parts of the gradually attenuated ceramic include multiple sections of gradually attenuated ceramic, and the thickness of the gradually attenuated ceramic at both ends of the first substructure is the smallest, and the thickness gradually increases toward the middle of the first substructure in the axial direction.

3. The gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the gradually attenuating ceramics included in the gradually attenuating ceramic section is not less than 2, and the number of the uniform attenuating ceramics (8) is not less than 2; Heat insulation gaskets (7) are arranged between each section of the gradually attenuated ceramic, between the gradually attenuated ceramic and the uniform attenuation ceramic (8), and between the uniform attenuation ceramics (8).

4. The gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The heat-insulating gaskets (7) are made of oxygen-free copper material, and all the heat-insulating gaskets (7) have the same specifications to form a coaxial electron beam channel with a fixed radius.

5. The gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The gradually attenuated ceramics, the uniform attenuated ceramics (8) and the heat insulating gasket (7) are coaxially sealed in the first hollow cylindrical surface.

6. The gyrotron traveling wave tube axial gradient loading high frequency injection wave interaction circuit structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The metal cylinder high-frequency interaction section (11) is made of oxygen-free copper material, and the metal cylinder high-frequency interaction section (11) is coaxial with the first hollow cylindrical surface.

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