Plastic extrusion device for cable production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cable extrusion, and discloses a cable production plastic extrusion device which comprises a supporting mechanism, winding mechanisms, a melting mechanism and an extrusion mechanism, and the two winding mechanisms are detachably connected to the two sides of the top of the supporting mechanism correspondingly so as to wind and release a cable; the melting mechanism comprises a drainage cylinder arranged in the middle of the top of the supporting mechanism, and the drainage cylinder is located between the two winding mechanisms and used for bearing molten plastic melt. According to the plastic extrusion device for cable production, the multiple scraping plates are detachably connected to the inner side wall of the conveying pipe in the opposite directions, when a wire penetrates through a molten plastic melt in the conveying pipe, the scraping plates can evenly scrape the melt on the surface of the wire for multiple times, and compared with a traditional mode that only the wire penetrates through the melt without a coating structure, the scraping plates are convenient to use; the problem that the thickness deviation of the insulating layer is too large due to lack of accurate control can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cable extrusion, in particular to a plastic extrusion device for cable production. Background Art

[0002] Cable extrusion is to use an extruder to heat the plastic to a molten state, and then extrude the plastic evenly through a specific mold and coat the surface of the metal wire to form the insulation layer or sheath layer of the cable. In this process, the plastic particles are transported forward along the barrel under the rotation of the screw of the extruder, and are heated by the external heating device of the barrel and the shearing effect between the screw and the barrel, gradually changing from a solid state to a viscous melt. When the melt reaches the extrusion die, it is extruded through the die opening of the die under pressure to form a continuous plastic layer that fits tightly to the surface of the wire.

[0003] During the production process, the wire is usually simply allowed to pass straight through the molten plastic melt, and there is a lack of effective structural design for fine flattening of the insulation layer on the surface of the wire. Due to the lack of precise control of the flattening of the insulation layer, it is difficult to ensure that the coating thickness of the plastic insulation layer on the wire is accurately consistent, which can easily cause a large deviation in the thickness of the insulation layer, and may cause obvious differences in thickness at different parts of the same cable. This uneven thickness problem will bring many negative effects. From the perspective of electrical insulation performance, the uneven insulation layer will cause disordered electric field distribution, and areas with excessive local electric field strength are prone to breakdown, making the cable unable to withstand normal working voltage, seriously endangering the safety and stability of power transmission. In the subsequent long-term use of the cable, the potential safety hazards caused by the deviation of the insulation layer thickness may erupt at any time. For example, under complex working conditions such as high temperature, humidity or mechanical vibration, the insulation layer in the weak area may be damaged first, which will cause a short circuit fault, causing serious damage to the entire power system, and may even cause catastrophic consequences such as fire, posing a huge threat to the safety of life and property. Therefore, the uneven thickness of the insulation layer will cause inconsistent mechanical properties of the cable at different parts, affecting the overall reliability of the cable. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a plastic extrusion device for cable production, which can scrape the plastic melt wrapped on the cable surface multiple times and evenly when the cable passes through the plastic melt in a molten state, thereby ensuring that the thickness of the plastic melt retained on the cable surface is uniform.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A plastic extrusion device for cable production is designed, including a supporting mechanism, a winding mechanism, a melting mechanism and an extrusion mechanism, wherein: The two reeling mechanisms are detachably connected to the two sides of the top of the supporting mechanism to reel in and release the cable; The melting mechanism comprises a guide tube arranged in the middle part of the top of the supporting mechanism, the guide tube is located between the two winding mechanisms and is used to carry the molten plastic melt; The extrusion mechanism includes a guide cylinder, a conveying pipe and a scraper arranged in a step-like shape. The guide cylinder is detachably connected to the bottom end of the drainage cylinder, one end of the conveying pipe is plugged into the top of the guide cylinder, and the other end of the conveying pipe is connected to the drainage cylinder for conveying the molten plastic melt to the guide cylinder. The multiple scrapers are divided into two groups. The two groups of scrapers are respectively arranged at the two ends of the inner wall of the conveying pipe, and the ends with smaller openings are arranged opposite to each other.

[0006] Optionally, the support mechanism includes a support plate, a positioning seat and an adjustment seat, the two positioning seats are fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support plate, and the two adjustment seats are slidably connected to the other side of the top of the support plate.

[0007] Optionally, the supporting mechanism also includes a guide groove and a pressure rod, the two guide grooves are respectively opened below the two adjustment seats, the bottoms of the two adjustment seats are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two guide grooves, the two pressure rods are respectively threaded through the tops of the two adjustment seats, and one end of the pressure rod passing through the adjustment seat is pressed against the inner bottom wall of the guide groove.

[0008] Optionally, the winding mechanism includes a first motor, a transmission rod, a wire drum and a slot, the first motor is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the adjustment seat, one end of the output end of the first motor passes through the adjustment seat and is connected to the end of the transmission rod by a key transmission, the outer wall of the wire drum is detachably connected to the end of the transmission rod, the slot is opened on the outer wall of the wire drum, and the inner wall of the slot is clamped with the end of the transmission rod.

[0009] Optionally, the melting mechanism also includes an electric heating wire and a discharge port, wherein the electric heating wire is sleeved on the outer wall of the drainage tube to heat the drainage tube, and multiple discharge ports are opened below the outer wall of the drainage tube to guide the melted plastic melt, and the drainage tube is connected to the conveying pipe through the discharge port.

[0010] Optionally, two mounting mechanisms for fixing the melting mechanism are fixedly connected to the middle part of the top of the support plate, and the mounting mechanisms include a fixed seat, a fixed ring, an adjusting frame, a limiting wheel, a clamping seat, a guide rod, a sleeve, a compression spring, an adjusting rod, a tension spring, a heating wire and a guide wheel. The bottom of the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, the two fixed rings are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fixed seat, and the two adjusting frames are slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed seat, the outer wall of one of the adjusting frames is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiting wheel, and the outer wall of the other adjusting frame is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two clamping seats. Fixed connection, the bottom of the clamping seat is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod, the outer surface of the guide rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, the end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the end of the compression spring, the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sleeve, the end of the outer wall of the sleeve is rotatably connected to the end of the adjusting rod, the outer wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the tension spring, the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting rod, the heating wire is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the outer walls of the clamping seat, sleeve and adjusting rod are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the three guide wheels respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the melting mechanism also includes a mounting seat, a protective sleeve, a connecting seat and a funnel, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the drainage tube, the protective sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the drainage tube to protect the heating wire, the outer surface of the protective sleeve is detachably connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring, the outer wall of the connecting seat is plugged into the outer surface of the mounting seat, the top of the connecting seat is detachably connected to the bottom of the funnel, and the mounting seat, the connecting seat and the inner wall of the funnel are interconnected.

[0012] Optionally, the melting mechanism also includes an upper end cover, a second motor, a spiral rod and a lower end cover, the upper end cover is connected to the top of the mounting base by bolts, the lower end cover is connected to the bottom end of the drainage tube by bolts, the second motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper end cover, the spiral rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drainage tube, and the top end of the spiral rod is connected to the output end of the second motor by a key.

[0013] Optionally, the extrusion mechanism also includes a positioning hole, a connecting tube and a shaping head, the positioning hole is opened at the top of the guide cylinder, the inner wall of the positioning hole is detachably connected to the end of the conveying tube, the end of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to the end of the guide cylinder, and the shaping head is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting tube.

[0014] The present invention provides a plastic extrusion device for cable production, which has the following beneficial effects: The plastic extrusion device for cable production unwinds and reels the cable through a reeling mechanism, and the cable between the two reeling mechanisms passes through the guide cylinder. Through the arrangement of the conveying pipe, the molten plastic melt evenly fills the space between the scrapers, and the conveying pipe conveys the molten plastic melt (i.e., the plastic melt that forms an insulating layer after cooling) into the guide cylinder and wraps it on the surface of the cable located in the guide cylinder. When the wire wrapped with the molten plastic melt passes through the guide cylinder, the scraper located in the guide cylinder contacts the molten plastic melt, and can evenly scrape the melt on the cable surface, effectively avoiding the problem of excessive deviation in the thickness of the molten plastic melt attached to the cable due to lack of precise control, ensuring that the thickness of the molten plastic melt at different parts of the same cable is consistent, improving the uniformity of the thickness of the molten plastic melt (i.e., the insulating layer), and effectively ensuring the overall reliability of the cable. The end with a smaller opening of the scraper first contacts the molten plastic melt, avoiding the attachment of excess molten plastic melt into the scraper, and improving the structural stability of the scraper and the service life of the scraper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional installation structure of the plastic extrusion device for cable production in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the support mechanism in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the winding mechanism in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the installation mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the melting mechanism in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the melting mechanism in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the extrusion mechanism in the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Support mechanism; 101. Support plate; 102. Positioning seat; 103. Guide groove; 104. Adjusting seat; 105. Press rod; 2. Winding mechanism; 201. First motor; 202. Transmission rod; 203. Reel; 204. Slot; 3. Mounting mechanism; 301. Fixed seat; 302. Fixed ring; 303. Adjusting frame; 304. Limiting wheel; 305. Clamping seat; 306. Guide rod; 307. Sleeve; 308. Compression spring; 309. Adjusting rod; 3010. Pull Extension spring; 3011, heating wire; 3012, guide wheel; 4, melting mechanism; 401, drainage tube; 402, mounting seat; 403, protective cover; 404, heating wire; 405, connecting seat; 406, funnel; 407, upper end cover; 408, second motor; 409, screw rod; 4010, lower end cover; 4011, discharge port; 5, extrusion mechanism; 501, guide tube; 502, positioning hole; 503, conveying pipe; 504, scraper; 505, connecting pipe; 506, shaping head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figures 1 to 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides an extrusion device, which is used in the scenario of extruding to form an insulating layer in the process of cable production. In this embodiment, the structure of the extrusion device is improved to have the advantage of uniform coating. Specifically, taking the extrusion to form an insulating layer in the process of cable production as an example, as a preferred solution in this embodiment, the extrusion device is specifically a plastic extrusion device for cable production, which can evenly scrape the insulating layer on the surface of the cable.

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a plastic extrusion device for cable production, which is mainly used in the scenario of extruding to form an insulating layer during the cable production process.

[0020] It includes a supporting mechanism 1, a winding mechanism 2, a melting mechanism 4 and an extruding mechanism 5, wherein: The two reeling mechanisms 2 are detachably connected to the two sides of the top of the supporting mechanism 1 to reel in and release the cable; The melting mechanism 4 includes a guide tube 401 arranged in the middle part of the top of the supporting mechanism 1, and the guide tube 401 is located between the two winding mechanisms 2, and is used to carry the molten plastic melt; The extrusion mechanism 5 includes a guide cylinder 501, a delivery pipe 503 and a scraper 504 arranged in a step shape. The guide cylinder 501 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the drainage cylinder 401, one end of the delivery pipe 503 is plugged into the top of the guide cylinder 501, and the other end of the delivery pipe 503 is connected to the drainage cylinder 401, which is used to transport the molten plastic melt to the guide cylinder 501. The multiple scrapers 504 are divided into two groups. The two groups of scrapers 504 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the inner wall of the delivery pipe 503, and the ends with smaller openings are arranged opposite to each other.

[0021] In the above embodiment, as a preferred solution, the melting mechanism also includes an electric heating wire 404 and a discharge port 4011. The electric heating wire 404 is sleeved on the outer wall of the drainage tube 401 to heat the drainage tube 401. Multiple discharge ports 4011 are all opened below the outer wall of the drainage tube 401 to guide the molten plastic melt. The drainage tube 401 is connected to the conveying pipe 503 through the discharge port 4011.

[0022] In this embodiment, the drainage tube 401 is the main place for melting and storing plastic particles, and its internal space provides a heating and plasticizing environment for the plastic particles. Under the heating action of the electric heating wire 404, the plastic particles are gradually transformed into a viscous melt. The multiple discharge ports 4011 opened at the bottom of the drainage tube can evenly guide the molten plastic melt to the extrusion mechanism, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the melt supply, which is conducive to forming an insulating layer of uniform thickness on the conductor. The electric heating wire 404 is a heating element, which generates heat by powering on, and provides thermal energy for the plastic particles in the drainage tube to melt and plasticize them. By accurately controlling the power and heating time of the electric heating wire 404, the temperature in the drainage tube can be adjusted to meet the melting requirements of different types of plastics, ensuring that the plastic can be fully melted and reach a suitable viscous state, providing good melt conditions for the subsequent extrusion process. The conveying pipe 503 provides a transition channel for the plastic melt to enter the extrusion mechanism from the melting mechanism 4, which can guide the plastic The material melt flows smoothly, reducing the pressure loss and turbulence of the melt during the flow process, ensuring that the melt can enter the subsequent extrusion process in a stable state, which is helpful to improve the extrusion quality and the uniformity of the insulation layer. The scrapers 504 are detachably connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the conveying tube, and are the key components for achieving uniform coating of the insulation layer on the surface of the wire. When the wire passes through the molten plastic melt in the conveying tube, the scraper can perform multiple uniform scraping operations on the melt on the surface of the wire to remove excess melt and make the thickness of the melt retained on the wire uniform. By adjusting the parameters such as the shape, angle and spacing of the scraper, it can adapt to the production of wires of different specifications and insulation layer thickness requirements, effectively solving the problem that traditional extrusion devices are difficult to accurately control the thickness and uniformity of the insulation layer, improving the insulation performance and product quality of the cable, and according to the production needs of wires of different specifications, the scraper 504 and the shaping head 506 can be adjusted separately, thereby improving the applicability of the device.

[0023] In the above embodiment, as a preferred scheme, the support mechanism 1 includes a support plate 101, a positioning seat 102 and an adjustment seat 104. The two positioning seats 102 are fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support plate 101, and the two adjustment seats 104 can be slidably connected to the other side of the top of the support plate 101. The support plate 101 serves as the basic bearing component of the entire device, providing a stable installation platform for other mechanisms to ensure that the entire extrusion device remains stable during operation, avoiding the relative position of each component from shifting due to an unstable foundation, thereby affecting the quality and accuracy of cable production. The positioning seat 102 is mainly used to accurately position the winding mechanism 2, limit its displacement in a specific direction, and ensure the position accuracy of related components during operation. The adjustment seat 104 is convenient for adjusting the lateral position of the winding mechanism 2. Different numbers of extrusion production lines can be selected according to different production schedules to improve the applicability of the device.

[0024] In the above embodiment, as a preferred solution, the support mechanism 1 further includes a guide groove 103 and a pressure rod 105. The two guide grooves 103 are respectively opened below the two adjustment seats 104. The bottoms of the two adjustment seats 104 are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two guide grooves 103. The two pressure rods 105 are respectively threadedly penetrated through the tops of the two adjustment seats 104. One end of the pressure rod 105 passes through the adjustment seat 104 and abuts against the inner bottom wall of the guide groove 103. The guide groove 103 can provide an adjustable space for the adjustment seat 104. The adjustment seat 104 can be close to the winding mechanism 2 to ensure the stability of the winding mechanism 2 during operation. The pressure rod 105 is used to fix the position of the adjustment seat 104 in the guide groove 103. When the adjustment seat 104 moves to a suitable position, the pressure rod 105 is tightened so that one end of the pressure rod 105 is pressed against the bottom wall of the guide groove 103, thereby firmly fixing the adjustment seat 104. This can prevent the adjustment seat 104 from being displaced due to equipment vibration or other external factors during the production process, thereby ensuring the stability of the relative positions of various components during the production process.

[0025] In the above embodiment, as a preferred solution, the winding mechanism 2 includes a first motor 201, a transmission rod 202, a wire drum 203 and a clamping slot 204. The first motor 201 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the adjusting seat 104. One end of the output end of the first motor 201 passes through the adjusting seat 104 and is connected to the end of the transmission rod 202 through a key transmission. The outer wall of the wire drum 203 is detachably connected to the end of the transmission rod 202. The clamping slot 204 is opened on the outer wall of the wire drum 203. The inner wall of the clamping slot 204 is clamped with the end of the transmission rod 202. The first motor 201 serves as a power source to provide driving force for the rotation of the wire drum 203. By controlling the speed and direction of the first motor 201, the winding and releasing speed of the wire can be accurately controlled, and the wire can be stably wound. A fixed and adjustable winding speed is crucial to ensure uniform coating of the insulation layer. If the winding speed is too fast or too slow, it may lead to uneven thickness of the insulation layer, affecting the quality of the cable. The transmission rod 202 transmits the power of the first motor 201, transmits the rotational motion of the first motor 201 to the wire drum, and drives the wire drum 203 to rotate. It is connected to the output end of the first motor 201 through a key transmission, which ensures the reliability and efficiency of power transmission, and cooperates with the card slot 204 to reduce energy loss and slippage during power transmission. Moreover, different numbers of transmission rods 202 can be used to cooperate with different numbers of wire drums 203, so that multiple production lines can be used at the same time.

[0026] In the above embodiment, as a preferred solution, two mounting mechanisms 3 for fixing the melting mechanism 4 are fixedly connected to the middle part of the top of the support plate 101, and the mounting mechanism 3 includes a fixed seat 301, a fixed ring 302, an adjusting frame 303, a limiting wheel 304, a clamping seat 305, a guide rod 306, a sleeve 307, a compression spring 308, an adjusting rod 309, a tension spring 3010, a heating wire 3011 and a guide wheel 3012. The bottom of the fixed seat 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 101, and the two fixing rings 302 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed seat 301. The two adjusting frames 303 can be slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed seat 301. The outer wall of one of the adjusting frames 303 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiting wheel 304, and the outer wall of the other adjusting frame 303 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiting wheel 304. The outer wall is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two clamping seats 305, the bottom of the clamping seat 305 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod 306, the outer surface of the guide rod 306 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 307, the end of the guide rod 306 is fixedly connected to the end of the compression spring 308, the other end of the compression spring 308 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sleeve 307, the end of the outer wall of the sleeve 307 is rotatably connected to the end of the adjusting rod 309, the outer wall of the sleeve 307 is fixedly connected to one end of the tension spring 3010, the other end of the tension spring 3010 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting rod 309, the heating wire 3011 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 307, and the outer walls of the clamping seat 305, the sleeve 307 and the adjusting rod 309 are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the three guide wheels 3012 respectively; The fixing seat 301 can provide a mounting base for other components. Its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 101, ensuring the stability of the mounting mechanism 3 in the entire device, so that other components installed thereon can work stably, and provide a reliable support environment for the normal operation of the melting mechanism 4. The fixing ring 302 is used to fix the drainage tube 401 of the melting mechanism 4. By sleeve-engaging with the outer surface of the drainage tube 401, the drainage tube 401 is tightly fixed on the fixing seat 301, ensuring that the drainage tube 401 will not shake or move during the production process, ensuring the heating of the plastic particles during the melting process. The thermal uniformity and the stability of the discharge of the plastic melt are conducive to improving the extrusion quality. Through the arrangement of the two adjustment frames 303, the positions of the two adjustment frames 303 can be adjusted in different directions according to the needs, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the positions of the limiting wheel 304 and the guide rod 306, and then the limiting wheel 304 and the guide wheel 3012 are used to guide and position the cables to be extruded and the cables after extrusion, so as to ensure that the cables can pass through the middle of the extrusion mechanism 5 (i.e., the guide cylinder 501), ensure that the cables are kept in a straight line, and will not be in the extrusion mechanism 5 due to insufficient tension. The guide tube 501 is bent inwardly to ensure that the cable is evenly wrapped when passing through the plastic melt. The guide rod 306, the sleeve 307 and the compression spring 308 are arranged in cooperation, and the distance between the sleeve 307 and the guide rod 306 can be adjusted by means of the elastic force of the compression spring 308, and then the cable wound around the surface of the guide wheel 3012 can be tensioned by means of the elastic force of the compression spring 308. The adjustment rod 309 and the tension spring 3010 are arranged in cooperation, and the cable wound around the surface of the guide wheel 3012 can be further tensioned. The guide rod 306 and the sleeve 307 are contracted to assist in tensioning, that is, the elastic force of the tension spring 3010 pulls the ends of the sleeve 307 and the adjusting rod 309 to move toward each other, reducing the distance between the guide rod 306 and the adjusting rod 309, so that when the tension of the cable is small, the distance between the guide rod 306 and the sleeve 307 can be increased by means of the elongation of the compression spring 308, thereby tensioning the cable to ensure that the cable inside the extrusion mechanism 5 is still in a straight line state, to ensure the uniformity of the extrusion process, and to ensure the accuracy of the cable conveying in the extrusion mechanism 5; In the extrusion production process of the cable, the heating wire 3011 plays an extremely critical role. The heating wire 3011 is an existing well-known technology and is only cited here. The purpose is that when the unextruded cable moves to the surface of the heating wire 3011, the heating wire 3011 starts to work, and it converts electrical energy into thermal energy to release appropriate heat. Since the heating wire 3011 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 307, a relatively stable heating area is formed around it. When the unextruded cable passes through this heating area, its own temperature gradually increases. This preliminary heating changes the surface properties of the cable, increases the molecular activity, and improves the surface adhesion. In the subsequent extrusion process, when the plastic melt contacts the cable surface, because the cable has been preliminarily heated by the heating wire 3011, the temperature difference between its surface and the plastic melt is reduced, and the heat transfer is smoother. The plastic melt can flow, spread and fill on the cable surface more quickly and evenly, compared with the cable that has not been preliminarily heated. The cable is heated in the first step. When the cable is extruded after being treated with the heating wire 3011, the plastic melt can fit more closely to each surface microstructure of the cable, effectively reducing the generation of defects such as bubbles and gaps, greatly improving the bonding strength between the plastic melt and the cable, thereby significantly improving the final extrusion effect of the cable, ensuring the quality and performance of the cable, so that it can better meet various electrical transmission and insulation requirements in the subsequent use process. Through the setting of another mounting mechanism 3, the two mounting mechanisms can guide and transport the cable from both sides of the melting mechanism 4 at the same time, thereby ensuring that the cable is parallel to the inside of the extrusion mechanism 5, and then the cable passes through the middle of the guide cylinder 501 and the scraper 504, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the cable extrusion, and the distance between the other mounting mechanism 3 and the extrusion mechanism 5 is relatively far, thereby providing a cooling space for the cable after extrusion, thereby reducing the influence of tension on the deformation of the cable after extrusion.

[0027] In the above embodiment, as a preferred solution, the melting mechanism 4 also includes a mounting seat 402, a protective sleeve 403, a connecting seat 405 and a funnel 406. The mounting seat 402 is fixedly connected to the top of the drainage tube 401, and the protective sleeve 403 is sleeved on the outer wall of the drainage tube 401 to protect the heating wire 404. The outer surface of the protective sleeve 403 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring 302, and the outer wall of the connecting seat 405 is plugged into the outer surface of the mounting seat 402. The top of the connecting seat 405 is detachably connected to the bottom of the funnel 406. The inner walls of the mounting seat 402, the connecting seat 405 and the funnel 406 are interconnected. The protective sleeve 403 is sleeved on the outer wall of the drainage tube, mainly used to protect the heating wire 404. On the one hand, the protective sleeve 403 can prevent On the one hand, it can prevent the operator from accidentally touching the heating wire 404 during operation and causing the risk of electric shock. On the other hand, it can prevent the heating wire 404 from being damaged by external collision or other factors, extend the service life of the heating wire 404, ensure the normal heating function of the melting mechanism, and also keep warm. The outer wall of the connecting seat 405 is plugged into the outer surface of the mounting seat 402, and the top is detachably connected to the bottom of the funnel 406, which plays the role of connecting the drainage tube 401 and the funnel 406, so that the plastic particles can smoothly enter the drainage tube from the funnel 406 for melting. The internal channel of the connecting seat 405 ensures the smooth transportation of the plastic particles. At the same time, its detachable connection method facilitates the installation, disassembly and cleaning of the equipment, and is convenient for maintenance and replacement of parts.

[0028] In the above embodiment, as a preferred solution, the melting mechanism 4 also includes an upper end cover 407, a second motor 408, a spiral rod 409 and a lower end cover 4010. The upper end cover 407 is connected to the top of the mounting seat 402 by bolts, and the lower end cover 4010 is connected to the bottom of the drainage tube 401 by bolts. The second motor 408 is fixedly installed on the top of the upper end cover 407, and the spiral rod 409 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drainage tube 401. The top of the spiral rod 409 is connected to the output end of the second motor 408 through a key. The upper end cover 407 is connected to the top of the mounting seat 402 by bolts, and cooperates with the lower end cover 4010 to seal the drainage tube to form a relatively closed heating space, which is beneficial to heat preservation and uniform melting of plastic particles. The upper end cover also provides an installation position for the second motor 408, so that the motor can stably drive the spiral rod 409 to rotate in the drainage tube. The second motor 408 is installed on the upper end cover 40 7 top, its output end is connected to the top of the screw rod 409 through a key to provide power for the rotation of the screw rod 409. During the melting process of the plastic particles, the second motor 408 drives the screw rod 409 to rotate, and the screw rod 409 has a stirring and pushing effect on the plastic particles, so that the plastic particles can be more fully mixed and heated in the drainage tube 401, accelerating the melting process of the plastic, improving the melting efficiency and the uniformity of the melt. The screw rod 409 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drainage tube. Driven by the second motor 408, the screw rod 409 rotates in the drainage tube 401, and its spiral structure can push the plastic particles gradually downward from the top. At the same time, the plastic particles are stirred and sheared during the pushing process, which promotes friction and heat transfer between the plastic particles, so that the plastic particles are melted faster and mixed evenly, ensuring that the quality of the plastic melt discharged from the discharge port 4011 is stable, which is conducive to forming a high-quality insulating layer during the extrusion process.

[0029] In the above embodiment, as a preferred solution, the extrusion mechanism 5 further includes a positioning hole 502, a connecting pipe 505 and a shaping head 506. The positioning hole 502 is opened at the top of the guide cylinder 501. The inner wall of the positioning hole 502 is detachably connected to the end of the delivery pipe 503. The end of the connecting pipe 505 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide cylinder 501. The shaping head 506 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 505. The end of the connecting pipe 505 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide cylinder 501, providing an installation basis for the shaping head 506 and guiding the plastic melt after being scraped by the scraper 504 to the shaping head 506. The internal channel of the connecting pipe is connected to the guide cylinder 5 01 and the shaping head 506 are matched to ensure the continuity and stability of the melt in the entire extrusion process, so that the melt can smoothly enter the shaping head for the final molding operation, ensuring that the insulation layer can be coated on the conductor according to the predetermined shape and size. The shaping head 506 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting tube 505. According to different cable specifications and production requirements, different types of shaping heads 506 can be replaced, so that the extruded plastic insulation layer can fit tightly on the surface of the conductor and form a standard shape and size. The threaded connection method is adopted, which is convenient for quickly replacing the shaping head 506 during the production process, thereby improving the adaptability and production efficiency of the equipment.

[0030] In the present invention, the working steps of the device are as follows: 1. First, loosen the pressure rod 105, adjust the position of the adjustment seat 104, install and dock the appropriate number of wire drums 203 and the transmission rod 202. After the installation is completed, slide the adjustment seat 104 again to make the output end of the first motor 201 key-connected with the end of the transmission rod 202, and then re-tighten the pressure rod 105; 2. Next, install a scraper 504 of appropriate size into the guide tube 501, and install a shaping head 506 of appropriate size, then pull the cable to be extruded out of the cable drum 203, insert it into the guide tube 501, pass through the scraper 504 and the shaping head 506 in sequence, and then wind it on the cable drum 203 on the other side; 3. Then, add plastic particles into the drainage tube 401 through the funnel 406, turn on the electric heating wire 404 to heat the plastic particles to make them melt and form a viscous melt, and at the same time, turn on the second motor 408 to drive the screw rod 409 to stir and push the plastic particles to accelerate the melting and mixing process, ensure the stability of the melt quality and discharge it evenly from the discharge port 4011 to the extrusion mechanism 5; 4. Finally, start the first motor 201, and control the winding or releasing speed of the wire with appropriate rotation speed and direction, so that the wire passes through the guide wheel 3012 in turn and smoothly enters the molten plastic melt, and then passes through the conveying pipe 503. During this process, the scraper 504 performs multiple uniform scraping operations on the melt on the surface of the wire to remove excess melt so that the thickness of the melt retained on the wire is uniform. Finally, the melt passes through the connecting tube 505 and enters the shaping head 506, and is coated on the wire according to a predetermined shape and size to form an insulating layer.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plastic extrusion device for cable production, characterized in that: It comprises a supporting mechanism (1), a winding mechanism (2), a melting mechanism (4) and an extruding mechanism (5), wherein: The two reeling mechanisms (2) are detachably connected to two sides of the top of the support mechanism (1) to reel in and release the cable; The melting mechanism (4) comprises a guide tube (401) arranged in the middle part of the top of the supporting mechanism (1), and the guide tube (401) is located between the two winding mechanisms (2) and is used to carry the molten plastic melt; The extrusion mechanism (5) comprises a guide cylinder (501), a delivery pipe (503) and a scraper (504) arranged in a step-like shape. The guide cylinder (501) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the drainage cylinder (401). One end of the delivery pipe (503) is plugged into the top of the guide cylinder (501). The other end of the delivery pipe (503) is connected to the drainage cylinder (401) and is used to deliver molten plastic to the guide cylinder (501). The plurality of scrapers (504) are divided into two groups. The two groups of scrapers (504) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the inner wall of the delivery pipe (503), and the ends with smaller openings are arranged opposite to each other.

2. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism (1) comprises a support plate (101), a positioning seat (102) and an adjustment seat (104), wherein the two positioning seats (102) are fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the support plate (101), and the two adjustment seats (104) are slidably connected to the other side of the top of the support plate (101).

3. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support mechanism (1) further comprises a guide groove (103) and a pressure rod (105); the two guide grooves (103) are respectively arranged below the two adjustment seats (104); the bottoms of the two adjustment seats (104) are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two guide grooves (103); the two pressure rods (105) are respectively threadedly inserted into the tops of the two adjustment seats (104); one end of the pressure rod (105) passing through the adjustment seat (104) is pressed against the inner bottom wall of the guide groove (103).

4. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The winding mechanism (2) comprises a first motor (201), a transmission rod (202), a wire drum (203) and a clamping slot (204); the first motor (201) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the adjustment seat (104); one end of the output end of the first motor (201) passes through the adjustment seat (104) and is connected to the end of the transmission rod (202) via a key transmission; the outer wall of the wire drum (203) and the end of the transmission rod (202) are detachably connected; the clamping slot (204) is formed on the outer wall of the wire drum (203); and the inner wall of the clamping slot (204) is clamped to the end of the transmission rod (202).

5. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting mechanism further comprises an electric heating wire (404) and a discharge port (4011); the electric heating wire (404) is sleeved on the outer wall of the drainage tube (401) to heat the drainage tube (401); a plurality of discharge ports (4011) are arranged below the outer wall of the drainage tube (401) to guide the molten plastic melt; the drainage tube (401) is connected to the conveying pipe (503) via the discharge port (4011).

6. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two mounting mechanisms (3) for fixing the melting mechanism (4) are fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the support plate (101). The mounting mechanisms (3) comprise a fixing seat (301), a fixing ring (302), an adjusting frame (303), a limiting wheel (304), a clamping seat (305), a guide rod (306), a sleeve (307), a compression spring (308), an adjusting rod (309), a tension spring (3010), a heating wire (3011) and a guide wheel (3012). The bottom of the fixing seat (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (101). The two fixing rings (302) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fixing seat (301). The two adjusting frames (303) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixing seat (301). The outer wall of one of the adjusting frames (303) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiting wheel (304), and the outer wall of the other adjusting frame (303) is fixedly connected to the two clamping wheels (305). The outer wall of the seat (305) is fixedly connected, the bottom of the clamping seat (305) is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod (306), the outer surface of the guide rod (306) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (307), the end of the guide rod (306) is fixedly connected to the end of the compression spring (308), the other end of the compression spring (308) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sleeve (307), and the end of the outer wall of the sleeve (307) is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod ( The end of the sleeve (309) is rotatably connected, the outer wall of the sleeve (307) is fixedly connected to one end of the tension spring (3010), the other end of the tension spring (3010) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjustment rod (309), the heating wire (3011) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve (307), and the outer walls of the clamping seat (305), the sleeve (307) and the adjustment rod (309) are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the three guide wheels (3012) respectively.

7. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The melting mechanism (4) further comprises a mounting seat (402), a protective sleeve (403), a connecting seat (405) and a funnel (406); the mounting seat (402) is fixedly connected to the top of the drainage tube (401); the protective sleeve (403) is sleeved on the outer wall of the drainage tube (401) to protect the heating wire (404); the outer surface of the protective sleeve (403) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring (302); the outer wall of the connecting seat (405) is plugged into the outer surface of the mounting seat (402); the top of the connecting seat (405) is detachably connected to the bottom of the funnel (406); and the inner walls of the mounting seat (402), the connecting seat (405) and the funnel (406) are interconnected.

8. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 7, characterized in that: The melting mechanism (4) further comprises an upper end cover (407), a second motor (408), a spiral rod (409) and a lower end cover (4010), wherein the upper end cover (407) is connected to the top end of the mounting base (402) by means of bolts, the lower end cover (4010) is connected to the bottom end of the drainage tube (401) by means of bolts, the second motor (408) is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper end cover (407), the spiral rod (409) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the drainage tube (401), and the top end of the spiral rod (409) is connected to the output end of the second motor (408) by means of a key.

9. A plastic extrusion device for cable production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism (5) further comprises a positioning hole (502), a connecting tube (505) and a shaping head (506); the positioning hole (502) is opened at the top of the guide tube (501); the inner wall of the positioning hole (502) is detachably connected to the end of the delivery tube (503); the end of the connecting tube (505) is fixedly connected to the end of the guide tube (501); and the shaping head (506) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting tube (505).

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