Agricultural planting liquid droplet mass transfer measuring device and planting method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of agricultural planting liquid droplet mass transfer measuring device and planting method, including observation chamber, ventilation duct, cooling mechanism, heating mechanism, humidification mechanism, drying mechanism, wind speed control mechanism and control module, the top of the observation chamber is provided with micro-sampler, the both ends of observation chamber are communicated with cooling mechanism and drying mechanism respectively through ventilation duct, the both ends of wind speed control mechanism arranged between drying mechanism and humidification mechanism are communicated with drying mechanism and humidification mechanism respectively, humidification mechanism is communicated with heating mechanism, heating mechanism is communicated with cooling mechanism, observation chamber is communicated with cooling mechanism, heating mechanism, humidification mechanism, drying mechanism, wind speed control mechanism after forming frame-shaped closed loop connection, the diameter of spray droplet is set by the mass transfer efficiency of liquid droplet, in the process of spraying plant, so that liquid droplet completes evaporation before falling to plant leaf, reaches the required humidity of growth while avoiding liquid droplet forming waterlogging on plant leaf.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting facilities technology, specifically to a measuring device for droplet mass transfer in agricultural planting and a planting method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional agriculture's overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has caused serious soil pollution. At the same time, it is difficult to accurately control the water requirements of plants during planting and irrigation, which easily leads to over- or under-watering. With the advancement of science and technology, modern agriculture emphasizes environmental protection and sustainable development, and adopts scientific planting methods. It saves water resources by automatically controlling water sources for irrigation, and reduces the input of pesticides and other chemical substances to protect the soil.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent application number 202110655933.4, classification number G06Q10 / 06, and publication date of December 13, 2022, discloses an automated water supply system for plant cultivation.

[0004] The system and method include automated water supply equipment, main control module and sub-control modules, communication module, back-end server system platform, mobile APP, mini-program, PC terminal and other intelligent terminal equipment and intelligent control system cloud platform, circuit integration module, chip module, energy system, etc. It can control the water supply system to automatically irrigate the plants that need water according to set instructions or actions through intelligent terminal equipment and intelligent control system platform. It can also add nutrients needed for plant growth or purify substances that are not conducive to plant growth to the irrigation water, so that the plants can obtain the water they need for growth in a scientific way, realize the automatic management and distribution of water and fertilizer supply, enable the plant to meet the requirements of healthy growth, and save labor costs.

[0005] The aforementioned literature only provides automatic irrigation based on the required water volume; it does not consider monitoring the amount of irrigation water. In the process of plant cultivation, it is also necessary to control the temperature and humidity of the planting environment to ensure that the plants can grow in a suitable temperature and humidity environment. Existing planting facilities usually use fans, wet curtains, or misting to control the temperature and humidity of the planting environment. However, these facilities cannot accurately control the size of the misting droplets. If the misting droplets are too large, water can easily accumulate on the plant leaves, causing the humidity of the plant's growing environment to exceed the humidity required for plant growth, making it difficult for the plants to grow, and also wasting water resources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a measuring device and planting method for droplet mass transfer in agricultural planting. By setting the diameter of the spray droplets through the mass transfer efficiency of the droplets, the droplets can be made to evaporate before falling onto the plant leaves during the spraying process, so as to achieve the humidity required for growth and avoid the formation of water accumulation on the plant leaves.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for implementing a droplet mass transfer measurement device for agricultural planting. The droplet mass transfer measurement device includes an observation chamber equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and a high-speed camera, and includes the following steps:

[0008] S1 presets the target wind speed, target temperature and target humidity in the observation room, and then uses the wind speed control mechanism to make the airflow enter the observation room through the ventilation duct at the target wind speed.

[0009] S2 detects the temperature in the observation room using a temperature and humidity sensor. If the target temperature is reached, proceed to step S3; otherwise, use a cooling or heating mechanism to bring the temperature in the observation room to the target temperature.

[0010] S3 detects the humidity in the room using a temperature and humidity sensor. If the target humidity is reached, proceed to step S4; otherwise, use a humidification or drying mechanism to bring the humidity in the room to the target humidity.

[0011] S4 injects droplets into the observation chamber via a micro-syringe, then captures images of the droplet evaporation process using a high-speed camera, recording the evaporation time to the preset plant leaf surface. t The droplet radius was obtained after image processing. R and crown height h Then, the droplet area S and droplet volume V are calculated, and the evaporation time is used as a basis for further calculation. t Droplet area S Droplet volume V and droplet density ρ Calculate the mass transfer coefficient of the droplet. N A ;

[0012] S5 uses a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination method to observe the wind speed, temperature, and humidity ranges within a simulated planting area in the observation room, and records the evaporation time of droplets reaching the preset plant leaf surface. t Then, the evaporation time was obtained through regression analysis. t Wind speed in function expression v ,temperature T and humidity H The corresponding coefficients are then used to fit the evaporation time. tThe functional expression is obtained, thus yielding the mass transfer coefficient of the droplet within the wind speed, temperature, and humidity ranges of the plant growth environment. N A .

[0013] The above method involves setting target wind speed, temperature, and humidity parameters, and then using heating, cooling, humidifying, and drying mechanisms connected to the observation chamber to achieve the desired environmental conditions. Droplets are then introduced into the observation chamber, and under simulated environmental conditions, the evaporation time is measured using a high-speed camera to determine the mass transfer coefficient of the droplets. This mass transfer coefficient and the optimal spray radius for the droplets are then determined under multiple target environments. Spraying according to this radius ensures that the droplets completely evaporate upon reaching the plant surface under various conditions, thus preventing excessive moisture from remaining on the plant leaves after spraying.

[0014] Furthermore, step S5 also includes:

[0015] Based on the wind speed of the plant growth environment in the planting area v ,temperature T Humidity H and mass transfer coefficient N A Calculate the radius of the droplet R Then adjust the spray nozzle diameter of the spraying equipment to 2*R Next, the plants in the planting area are sprayed, allowing the spray droplets to fall onto the plant leaves and evaporate.

[0016] The above method can simulate the wind speed, temperature and humidity required by plants at different growth stages through a droplet mass transfer measurement device, and then test the mass transfer coefficient of droplets at different growth stages. The diameter of the sprayed droplets can be obtained by using the mass transfer coefficient and the wind speed, temperature and humidity in the environment at different growth stages. In this way, during the spraying of plants, the droplets can be made to evaporate before falling onto the plant leaves, achieving the humidity required for growth while avoiding the formation of water accumulation on the plant leaves.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S4

[0018] droplet area S The calculation formula is as follows:

[0019] ,

[0020] droplet volume V The calculation formula is as follows:

[0021] ,

[0022] Mass transfer coefficient N AThe calculation formula is as follows:

[0023] ,

[0024] in R Where is the droplet radius, h For the height of the ball crown, ρ For droplet density, t This represents the droplet evaporation time.

[0025] The above settings facilitate the use of evaporation time. t Droplet area S Droplet volume V and droplet density ρ Calculate the mass transfer coefficient of the droplet. N A .

[0026] In another aspect, this invention provides a measurement device for droplet mass transfer in agricultural planting, comprising an observation chamber, a ventilation duct, a cooling mechanism, a heating mechanism, a humidification mechanism, a drying mechanism, a wind speed control mechanism, and a control module. A micro-injector is located at the top of the observation chamber. The two ends of the observation chamber are connected to the cooling mechanism and the drying mechanism respectively via the ventilation duct. The wind speed control mechanism, located between the drying mechanism and the humidification mechanism, is connected to both the drying mechanism and the humidification mechanism. The humidification mechanism is connected to the heating mechanism, and the heating mechanism is connected to the cooling mechanism. The two ends of the observation chamber and the cooling mechanism are connected to the cooling mechanism and the drying mechanism respectively via the ventilation duct. The wind speed control mechanism, located between the drying mechanism and the humidification mechanism, is connected to both the drying mechanism and the humidification mechanism. The observation chamber, cooling mechanism, heating mechanism, humidification mechanism, drying mechanism, and wind speed control mechanism form a frame-shaped closed loop connection. The control module is used to determine the evaporation time after the droplets are injected by the micro-injector. t Droplet area S Droplet volume V and droplet density ρ Determine the mass transfer coefficient of the droplet N A Simultaneously, the humidification, drying, heating, and cooling mechanisms are controlled to open or close to simulate the wind speed, temperature, and humidity ranges of the plant growth environment within the planting area. The functional expressions of droplet evaporation time t, wind speed v, temperature T, and humidity H are determined. Based on the droplet mass transfer coefficient and the functional expressions of evaporation time t, wind speed v, temperature T, and humidity H, the suitable spray radius for the current droplet is determined.

[0027] The above settings allow for the adjustment of temperature, humidity, and wind speed within the observation chamber via cooling, heating, humidification, drying, and wind speed control mechanisms. This enables the setting of different temperature, humidity, and wind speed conditions, which are then controlled by a controller to create corresponding environmental conditions. The mass transfer coefficient of droplets entering the observation chamber through the micro-sampler can be measured, and the required spray diameter for droplets to reach the plant leaf surface under evaporation conditions can be calculated. This ensures that spraying is performed at a radius more suitable for plant growth.

[0028] Furthermore, a high-speed camera is installed on one side of the observation chamber, and a temperature and humidity sensor is installed inside the observation chamber. The control module is connected to the cooling mechanism, heating mechanism, humidification mechanism, drying mechanism, wind speed control mechanism, and temperature and humidity sensor.

[0029] The above setup allows for the detection and observation of indoor temperature and humidity using a temperature and humidity sensor, while a high-speed camera captures the changes during the droplet evaporation process.

[0030] Furthermore, the cooling mechanism includes a cooling chamber, a main circuit, a bypass circuit, and two or more solenoid valves. The bypass circuit is located on one side of the main circuit. The cooling chamber is connected to the main circuit. The main circuit is connected to the ventilation duct. The solenoid valves are connected to the bypass circuit. The two ends of the bypass circuit are connected to the two ends of the main circuit. The solenoid valves are located between the cooling chamber and the connection between the bypass circuit and the main circuit. The cooling chamber contains a compressor.

[0031] With the above settings, when cooling of the observation chamber is not required, only solenoid valve 1 connected to bypass 1 is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber does not pass through the cooling chamber; when cooling of the observation chamber is required, only solenoid valve 1 located at both ends of the cooling chamber is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber obtains a cooling effect after passing through the compressor of the cooling chamber, thereby reducing the temperature of the airflow entering the observation chamber.

[0032] Furthermore, the heating mechanism includes a heating chamber, a second main circuit, a second bypass circuit, and two or more second solenoid valves. The second bypass circuit is located on one side of the second main circuit. The heating chamber is connected to the second main circuit. The second main circuit is connected to a ventilation duct. The second solenoid valve is connected to the second bypass circuit. The two ends of the second bypass circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the second main circuit. The second solenoid valve is located between the heating chamber and the connection between the second bypass circuit and the second main circuit. The heating chamber is equipped with ceramic heating elements.

[0033] The above settings allow for the following: when heating the observation chamber is not required, only the solenoid valve 2 connected to bypass 2 is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber does not pass through the heating chamber; when heating the observation chamber is required, only the solenoid valve 2 located at both ends of the heating chamber is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber passes through the ceramic heating element of the heating chamber and receives a heating effect, thereby increasing the temperature of the airflow entering the observation chamber.

[0034] Furthermore, the humidification mechanism includes a humidification chamber, a main circuit three, a bypass three, and two or more solenoid valves three. The bypass three is located on one side of the main circuit three. The humidification chamber is connected to the main circuit three. The main circuit three is connected to the ventilation duct. The solenoid valves three are connected to the bypass three. The two ends of the bypass three are respectively connected to the two ends of the main circuit three. The solenoid valve three is located between the humidification chamber and the connection between the bypass three and the main circuit three. An ultrasonic atomizing humidifier is installed in the humidification chamber.

[0035] With the above settings, when humidification of the observation room is not required, only the solenoid valve three connected to the bypass three is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation room does not pass through the humidification chamber; when humidification of the observation room is required, only the solenoid valve three located at both ends of the humidification chamber is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation room passes through the ultrasonic atomizing humidifier in the humidification chamber to obtain a humidification effect, thereby increasing the humidity of the airflow entering the observation room.

[0036] Furthermore, the drying mechanism includes a drying chamber, a main circuit four, a bypass four, and two or more solenoid valves four. The bypass four is located on one side of the main circuit four. The drying chamber is connected to the main circuit four. The main circuit four is connected to the ventilation duct. The solenoid valves four are connected to the bypass four. The two ends of the bypass four are respectively connected to the two ends of the main circuit four. The solenoid valves four are located between the drying chamber and the connection between the bypass four and the main circuit four. A dryer is installed in the drying chamber.

[0037] With the above settings, when the observation chamber does not need to be dried, only the solenoid valve four connected to the bypass four is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber does not pass through the drying chamber; when the observation chamber needs to be dried, only the solenoid valve four located at both ends of the drying chamber is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber passes through the dryer in the drying chamber and obtains a drying effect, thereby reducing the humidity of the airflow entering the observation chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the droplets on the micro-sampler in this invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the droplet effect in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1-4As shown, this invention provides a measurement device for droplet mass transfer in agricultural planting, including an observation chamber 1, a ventilation duct 2, a cooling mechanism, a heating mechanism, a humidifying mechanism, a drying mechanism, a wind speed control mechanism 3, and a control module 4. The observation chamber 1 is connected to the cooling mechanism, heating mechanism, humidifying mechanism, drying mechanism, and wind speed control mechanism 3 to form a frame-shaped closed loop. A micro-sampler (not shown in the figure) is provided on the top of the observation chamber 1 for injecting droplets. A high-speed camera 6 is provided on one side of the observation chamber 1 for photographing changes during the droplet evaporation process. A temperature and humidity sensor 7 is provided inside the observation chamber 1 for detecting the temperature and humidity inside the observation chamber 1. The control module 4 is connected to the cooling mechanism, heating mechanism, humidifying mechanism, drying mechanism, wind speed control mechanism 3, and temperature and humidity sensor 7. The two ends of the observation chamber 1 are connected to the cooling mechanism and the drying mechanism respectively through the ventilation duct 2. One end of the cooling mechanism is connected to the ventilation duct 2. The cooling mechanism includes a cooling chamber 11, a main path 12, a bypass 13, and two or more solenoid valves 14. The bypass 13 is located on one side of the main path 12. The cooling chamber 11 is connected to the main path 12, which is connected to the ventilation duct 2. The solenoid valves 14 are connected to the bypass 13, with both ends of the bypass 13 connected to both ends of the main path 12. A solenoid valve 14 is located between the cooling chamber 11 and the connection between the bypass 13 and the main path 12. A compressor is installed inside the cooling chamber 11. When cooling of the observation chamber 1 is not required, only the solenoid valves 14 connected to the bypass 13 are opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 does not pass through the cooling chamber. When cooling of the observation chamber 1 is required, only the solenoid valves 14 located at both ends of the cooling chamber 11 are opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 passes through the compressor of the cooling chamber 11 and obtains a cooling effect, thereby reducing the temperature of the airflow entering the observation chamber 1.

[0044] The other end of the cooling mechanism is connected to the heating mechanism. The heating mechanism includes a heating chamber 21, a main path 22, a bypass 23, and two or more solenoid valves 24. The bypass 23 is located on one side of the main path 22. The heating chamber 21 is connected to the main path 22, which is connected to the ventilation duct 2. The solenoid valves 24 are connected to the bypass 23, and both ends of the bypass 23 are connected to both ends of the main path 22. A solenoid valve 24 is located between the heating chamber 21 and the connection between the bypass 23 and the main path 22. The heating chamber 21 is equipped with ceramic heating elements. When heating the observation chamber 1 is not required, only the solenoid valves 24 connected to the bypass 23 are opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 does not pass through the heating chamber. When heating the observation chamber 1 is required, only the solenoid valves 24 located at both ends of the heating chamber 21 are opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 passes through the ceramic heating elements of the heating chamber 21 and obtains a heating effect, thereby increasing the temperature of the airflow entering the observation chamber 1.

[0045] The humidification mechanism is connected to the heating mechanism. The humidification mechanism includes a humidification chamber 31, a main circuit 32, a bypass circuit 33, and two or more solenoid valves 34. The bypass circuit 33 is located on one side of the main circuit 32. The humidification chamber 31 is connected to the main circuit 32, which is connected to the ventilation duct 2. The solenoid valves 34 are connected to the bypass circuit 33, with both ends of the bypass circuit 33 connected to both ends of the main circuit 32. A valve is positioned between the humidification chamber 31 and the connection point between the bypass circuit 33 and the main circuit 32. There is a solenoid valve 34, and an ultrasonic atomizing humidifier is installed in the humidification chamber 31. When humidification of the observation chamber 1 is not required, only the solenoid valve 34 connected to the bypass 33 is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 does not pass through the humidification chamber. When humidification of the observation chamber 1 is required, only the solenoid valves 34 set at both ends of the humidification chamber 31 are opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 passes through the ultrasonic atomizing humidifier of the humidification chamber 31 to obtain a humidification effect and increase the humidity of the airflow entering the observation chamber 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, the wind speed control mechanism 3, located between the drying mechanism and the humidification mechanism, is connected to both ends of the drying mechanism and the humidification mechanism, respectively. The wind speed control mechanism 3 is a wind speed controller. The drying mechanism is connected to the ventilation duct 2. The drying mechanism includes a drying chamber 41, a main circuit 42, a bypass circuit 43, and two or more solenoid valves 44. The bypass circuit 43 is located on one side of the main circuit 42. The drying chamber 41 is connected to the main circuit 42, which is connected to the ventilation duct 2. The solenoid valves 44 are connected to the bypass circuit 43, and both ends of the bypass circuit 43 are connected to the main circuit 42. The two ends of 42 are connected. A solenoid valve 44 is provided between the connection between the drying chamber 41, the bypass 43, and the main 42. A dryer is provided in the drying chamber 41. When the observation chamber 1 does not need to be dried, only the solenoid valve 44 connected to the bypass 43 is opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 does not pass through the drying chamber. When the observation chamber 1 needs to be dried, only the solenoid valves 44 at both ends of the drying chamber 41 are opened, so that the airflow entering the observation chamber 1 passes through the dryer in the drying chamber 41 and obtains a drying effect, thereby reducing the humidity of the airflow entering the observation chamber 1.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for implementing planting using a droplet mass transfer measuring device for agricultural planting includes the following specific steps:

[0048] S1 presets the target wind speed, target temperature, and target humidity in the observation room, closes the solenoid valve 14 in main line 12, the solenoid valve 24 in main line 22, the solenoid valve 34 in main line 32, and the solenoid valve 44 in main line 42, and opens the solenoid valve 14 in bypass 13, the solenoid valve 24 in bypass 23, the solenoid valve 34 in bypass 33, and the solenoid valve 44 in bypass 43. The wind speed control mechanism 3 causes the airflow to enter the observation room 1 through the ventilation duct 2 at the target wind speed.

[0049] S2 detects the temperature inside the observation room using temperature and humidity sensor 7. If the target temperature is reached, proceed to step S3; otherwise, use a cooling or heating mechanism to bring the temperature inside the observation room to the target temperature. In this embodiment, if the temperature inside the observation room is lower than the target temperature, the control module 4 opens the solenoid valve 24 in the main circuit 22 and closes the solenoid valve 24 in the bypass 23, allowing the airflow to pass through the ceramic heating element in the heating chamber 21 to achieve heating and thus increase the temperature. If the temperature inside the observation room is higher than the target temperature, the control module 4 opens the solenoid valve 14 in the main circuit 12 and closes the solenoid valve 14 in the bypass 13, allowing the airflow to pass through the compressor in the cooling chamber 11 to achieve cooling and thus decrease the temperature.

[0050] S3 detects the humidity in the observation room using a temperature and humidity sensor. If the target humidity is reached, proceed to step S4; otherwise, the humidity in the observation room is brought to the target humidity using a humidification or drying mechanism. In this embodiment, if the humidity in the observation room is lower than the target humidity, the control module 4 opens the solenoid valve 34 in the main circuit 32 and closes the solenoid valve 34 in the bypass circuit 33, allowing airflow to pass through the ultrasonic atomizing humidifier in the humidification chamber to achieve humidification and thus increase the humidity. If the humidity in the observation room is higher than the target humidity, the control module 4 opens the solenoid valve 44 in the main circuit 42 and closes the solenoid valve 44 in the bypass circuit 43, allowing airflow to pass through the dryer in the drying chamber 41 to achieve drying and thus reduce the humidity.

[0051] S4 injects droplets into the observation chamber via a micro-syringe, then uses a high-speed camera to capture images of the droplet evaporation process, recording the evaporation time of the injected droplet reaching the preset plant leaf surface. t For example, multiple images of the droplet falling can be captured using a high-speed camera. By comparing these images, the time when no droplet is visible in the image is recorded as the evaporation time. In this embodiment, the height of the plant leaf is preset. The time required for the droplet to evaporate when it reaches the preset height is recorded. If the droplet has not evaporated by the time it reaches the leaf surface, the radius of the droplet can be reduced until it evaporates upon reaching the leaf surface. Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the droplet shape on the microsyringe is such that the droplet has not yet detached from the microsyringe. The outline edge of the droplet is identified through the image, and then the corresponding droplet radius is measured from the image. R and crown height h Then, the droplet area S is calculated by subtracting the area of ​​the spherical cap from the area of ​​the sphere, and the droplet volume V is calculated by subtracting the volume of the spherical cap from the volume of the sphere.

[0052] droplet area S The calculation formula is as follows:

[0053] (1),

[0054] droplet volume V The calculation formula is as follows:

[0055] (2),

[0056] And according to evaporation time t Droplet area S Droplet volume V and droplet density ρ Calculate the mass transfer coefficient of the droplet. N A Mass transfer coefficient N A The calculation formula is as follows:

[0057] (3),

[0058] in R Where is the droplet radius, h For the height of the ball crown, ρ For droplet density, t This represents the droplet evaporation time.

[0059] S5 uses a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination method to observe the wind speed, temperature, and humidity ranges within the simulated planting area in the observation room. In this embodiment, the wind speed range is 0-3 m / s, the temperature range is 30-52℃, and the humidity range is 60-100%, and the evaporation time of the droplets is recorded. t The following table shows the relationship between wind speed and wind speed. v ,temperature T And the evaporation time corresponding to humidity H t ,

[0060] Table 1

[0061]

[0062] Then, the evaporation time was obtained using regression analysis. t Wind speed in function expression v ,temperature T and humidity H The corresponding coefficients are then used to fit the evaporation time. t The function expression is as follows:

[0063] (4),

[0064] Substituting equation (4) into equation (3), we obtain the mass transfer coefficients of the droplets within the wind speed range, temperature range, and humidity range of the plant growth environment. NA ,as follows:

[0065] .

[0066] S6 is based on the wind speed of the plant growth environment within the planting area. v ,temperature T ,humidity H and mass transfer coefficient N A Calculate the radius of the droplet R Then adjust the spray nozzle diameter of the spraying equipment to 2R By making the nozzle diameter of the spraying equipment the same as the diameter of the droplets, the droplets can be sprayed out through the nozzle diameter, and then the plants in the planting area are sprayed, so that the sprayed droplets fall to the plant leaves and evaporate.

[0067] The working principle of this invention is as follows: By preset target wind speed, temperature, and humidity parameters, the environmental conditions are achieved through heating, cooling, humidifying, and drying mechanisms connected to the observation chamber. Then, droplets are dripped into the observation chamber. Under simulated environmental conditions, the evaporation time is measured by a high-speed camera to obtain the mass transfer coefficient of the current droplet. Then, the mass transfer coefficient of the droplet and the suitable spray radius for the current droplet are determined under multiple target environments. Spraying according to this spray radius ensures that the droplets can completely evaporate when they reach the plant surface after being sprayed under various environments, thereby preventing excessive water from remaining on the plant leaves after the droplets are sprayed.

Claims

1. A method for implementing planting by using a liquid droplet mass transfer measuring device for agricultural planting, wherein the liquid droplet mass transfer measuring device comprises an observation chamber, and a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the observation chamber, and the method is characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: S1, preset target wind speed, target temperature and target humidity in the observation chamber, and then make the wind flow through the ventilation pipeline at the target wind speed and enter the observation chamber through the wind speed regulation mechanism; S2, detect the temperature in the observation chamber through the temperature and humidity sensor, if the target temperature is reached, then enter step S3; otherwise, make the temperature in the observation chamber reach the target temperature through the cooling mechanism or heating mechanism; S3, detect the humidity in the observation chamber through the temperature and humidity sensor, if the target humidity is reached, then enter step S4; otherwise, make the humidity in the observation chamber reach the target humidity through the humidifying mechanism or drying mechanism; S4 injects the droplet into the observation chamber through a micro-injector, then takes pictures of the droplet evaporation process through a high-speed camera, and records the evaporation time of the current injected droplet reaching the preset plant leaf surface t , obtains the droplet radius R and the spherical cap height h after image processing, and further calculates the droplet area S and the droplet volume V, and determines the mass transfer coefficient of the droplet according to the evaporation time t , the droplet area S , the droplet volume V and the droplet density ρ N A ; wherein,​ Droplet area S The formula for calculating the droplet area is as follows: ， Droplet volume V The formula for calculating the volume of the droplet is as follows: ， mass transfer coefficient N A The calculation formula is as follows: ， R is the droplet radius, h is the spherical cap height, ρ is the droplet density, t is the droplet evaporation time; S5 records the evaporation time of the liquid droplet reaching the preset plant leaf surface in the wind speed range, temperature range and humidity range of the plant growth environment in the observation room t Then, the function expression of the liquid droplet evaporation time, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity is obtained by using the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination method t v T H Then, the function expression of the liquid droplet mass transfer coefficient and the evaporation time, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity in step S4 is determined t v T H The function expression of the liquid droplet mass transfer coefficient and the evaporation time, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity in step S4 is determined​​​​​​ 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is implemented by the device of claim 1. It also comprises step S5: According to the wind speed, temperature, humidity H and mass transfer coefficient of the plant growth environment in the planting area v T N A The radius of the droplet is calculated R The spray aperture of the spraying device is then adjusted to 2R The plants in the planting area are then sprayed so that the spray droplets evaporate before falling onto the leaves of the plants.​​ 3. A device for measuring liquid droplet mass transfer for agricultural planting according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The application relates to a device for simulating the growth environment of plants, which comprises an observation chamber, a ventilation duct, a cooling mechanism, a heating mechanism, a humidifying mechanism, a drying mechanism, a wind speed regulating mechanism and a control module, the top of the observation chamber is provided with a micro-injector, the humidifying mechanism is communicated with the heating mechanism, the heating mechanism is communicated with the cooling mechanism, the two ends of the observation chamber are respectively communicated with the cooling mechanism and the drying mechanism through the ventilation duct, the wind speed regulating mechanism arranged between the drying mechanism and the humidifying mechanism is communicated with the drying mechanism and the humidifying mechanism at the two ends, the heating mechanism, the humidifying mechanism, the drying mechanism and the wind speed regulating mechanism are connected in a frame-shaped closed loop after being communicated, and the control module is used for determining the evaporation time after the micro-injector injects a liquid drop t , the drop area S , the drop volume V and the drop density The side of the observation chamber is provided with a high-speed camera, and the observation chamber is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor, and the control module is connected with the cooling mechanism, the heating mechanism, the humidifying mechanism, the drying mechanism, the wind speed regulation mechanism and the temperature and humidity sensor. to determine the mass transfer coefficient of the drop N A Meanwhile, the humidifying mechanism, the drying mechanism and the heating mechanism are controlled to be opened or closed to realize the wind speed interval, the temperature interval and the humidity interval of the simulated planting area, and the function expression of the drop evaporation time t, the wind speed v, the temperature T and the humidity H is determined, the current drop radius suitable for spraying is determined according to the mass transfer coefficient of the drop and the function expression of the drop evaporation time t, the wind speed v, the temperature T and the humidity H.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The cooling mechanism comprises a cooling chamber, a main path one, a bypass one and two or more electromagnetic valves one, the bypass one is arranged on one side of the main path one, the cooling chamber is connected to the main path one, the main path one is communicated with the ventilation pipeline, the electromagnetic valve one is connected to the bypass one, the two ends of the bypass one are communicated with the two ends of the main path one respectively, the electromagnetic valve one is arranged between the cooling chamber and the communication position of the bypass one and the main path one, and the compressor is arranged in the cooling chamber.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The heating mechanism comprises a heating chamber, a main path two, a bypass two and two or more electromagnetic valves two, the bypass two is arranged on one side of the main path two, the heating chamber is connected to the main path two, the main path two is communicated with the ventilation pipeline, the electromagnetic valve two is connected to the bypass two, the two ends of the bypass two are communicated with the two ends of the main path two respectively, the electromagnetic valve two is arranged between the heating chamber and the communication position of the bypass two and the main path two, and the ceramic heating sheet is arranged in the heating chamber.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The humidifying mechanism comprises a humidifying chamber, a main path three, a bypass three and two or more electromagnetic valves three, the bypass three is arranged on one side of the main path three, the humidifying chamber is connected to the main path three, the main path three is communicated with the ventilation pipeline, the electromagnetic valve three is connected to the bypass three, the two ends of the bypass three are communicated with the two ends of the main path three respectively, the electromagnetic valve three is arranged between the humidifying chamber and the communication position of the bypass three and the main path three, and the ultrasonic atomizing humidifier is arranged in the humidifying chamber.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The drying mechanism comprises a drying chamber, a main path four, a bypass four and two or more electromagnetic valves four, the bypass four is arranged on one side of the main path four, the drying chamber is connected to the main path four, the main path four is communicated with the ventilation pipeline, the electromagnetic valve four is connected to the bypass four, the two ends of the bypass four are communicated with the two ends of the main path four respectively, the electromagnetic valve four is arranged between the drying chamber and the communication position of the bypass four and the main path four, and the dryer is arranged in the drying chamber.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: ​

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