Additional braking system of elevator traction machine, elevator and design method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of elevator braking, in particular to an additional braking system of an elevator traction machine, an elevator and a design method.The additional braking system of the elevator traction machine comprises at least one additional brake arranged on an output shaft of the traction machine and used for providing additional braking force when self-braking of the elevator fails; the braking force of the additional brake is adjustable so as to meet different dynamic star sealing requirements. The additional brake is adopted, when the elevator brake fails, the additional brake intervenes, resistance torque is added to the elevator traction wheel, and the maximum speed which the elevator can reach during the instant out-of-control period of the elevator during dynamic star sealing is reduced. Resistance torque is added on the elevator traction sheave, so that the speed of the elevator is reduced during the out-of-control period; and after the rotating speed of the traction machine is reduced, the intervention point of the torque-rotating speed T (n) moves leftwards during star sealing, and the torque corresponding to the rotating speed on the torque-rotating speed T (n) curve is also increased, so that the elevator car can be dragged back to the stable area of the star sealing torque-rotating speed T (n) of the traction machine more smoothly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of elevator braking, and in particular to an additional braking system of an elevator traction machine, an elevator and a design method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, permanent magnet synchronous traction machines have gradually become the mainstream in traction elevators, and their proportion of use has increased year by year. Whether it is energy saving and environmental protection or the workload of maintenance, it has reached a nearly perfect level; with the implementation of the "TSG T7007-2022 Elevator Type Test Rules", the requirements for the star-sealing function have been further improved, requiring the star-sealing function to be able to meet both static star-sealing and dynamic star-sealing; static star-sealing is to start star-sealing and slipping from zero speed, and it can be satisfied as long as the maximum star-sealing torque of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine is greater than the torque loaded on the traction wheel; however, for elevators that increase the suspension ratio of the elevator and use speed reduction to increase the load, it is difficult to meet the dynamic star-sealing function. The same permanent magnet synchronous traction machine can easily meet the dynamic star-sealing requirements when the normal suspension ratio is 2:1. If the suspension ratio is increased to 4:1 or 8:1, it may not be able to meet the dynamic star-sealing requirements.

[0003] Under the existing technology, the main method for elevators to achieve large loads is to increase the suspension ratio (also called rope winding ratio) of the elevator and reduce the speed to increase the load, except for selecting a high-power traction machine. However, increasing the suspension ratio will cause the external torque on the traction wheel to not match the traction machine's traction torque when the elevator is dynamically locked. Summary of the invention

[0004] Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the present application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] To address the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an additional braking system for an elevator traction machine.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an additional braking system for an elevator traction machine, comprising:

[0007] At least one additional brake, which is arranged on the output shaft of the traction machine and is used to provide additional braking force when the elevator's own brake fails;

[0008] The braking force of the additional brake is adjustable to meet different dynamic star sealing requirements.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine of the present invention, the additional brake comprises a brake arm, a brake pad connected to one end of the brake arm, and an adjustment mechanism connected to the other end of the brake arm;

[0010] The adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting and changing the contact pressure between the brake pad and the output shaft of the traction machine.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine of the present invention, it further comprises: a control unit connected to the adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the braking force of the additional brake according to the running state of the elevator;

[0012] The control unit includes sensors for detecting the speed and load of the elevator and sending the data to the control unit for processing.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine of the present invention, the control unit also includes a temperature sensor for monitoring temperature changes during braking and adjusting the braking force when the temperature exceeds a preset value.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine of the present invention, wherein: the control unit also includes:

[0015] an energy recovery module for recovering energy during braking; and,

[0016] The fault diagnosis module is used to monitor the working status of the brake device and issue an alarm when an abnormality is detected.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide an elevator using the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine, including software for controlling the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine, and a monitoring system for improving the safety of elevator operation.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the elevator of the present invention, the software includes an algorithm for predicting the dynamic behavior of the elevator when its own braking fails and adjusting the braking force to optimize safety performance.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the elevator of the present invention, the monitoring system includes:

[0020] An acoustic signal module for providing acoustic feedback during braking;

[0021] a visual indication module for providing visual feedback during braking; and,

[0022] Emergency release module, used to quickly release the brakes in an emergency.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the elevator of the present invention, the additional brake includes an interface for communicating with a monitoring system for receiving instructions from the monitoring system.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a design method for an additional braking system of an elevator traction machine, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Designing an additional brake to accommodate the output shaft of the traction machine;

[0026] Determine the adjustment range of the braking force to meet different dynamic star-sealing requirements;

[0027] The control unit is configured to achieve automatic adjustment of the braking force.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention adopts an additional brake. When the elevator brake fails, the additional brake intervenes and adds a resistance torque to the elevator traction wheel to reduce the maximum speed that the elevator can reach during the instantaneous loss of control of the elevator during dynamic star-locking. This has two advantages: adding a resistance torque to the elevator traction wheel reduces the speed of the elevator during the loss of control; after the traction machine speed is reduced, the torque-speed T(n) intervention point during star-locking moves to the left, and the torque corresponding to this speed on the torque-speed T(n) curve also increases, so that the elevator car can be pulled back to the stable area of ​​the traction machine star-locking torque-speed T(n) more smoothly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary braking system of the elevator traction machine of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elevator of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 The figure is a curve diagram of the star-sealing torque-speed T(n) corresponding to the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the control unit of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the timing logic structure of the elevator of the present invention when the elevator is dynamically sealed.

[0035] In the figure: 100, additional brake; 101, brake arm; 102, brake pad; 103, adjustment mechanism; 200, traction machine; 300, control unit; 301, energy recovery module; 302, fault diagnosis module; 400, monitoring system; 401, sound signal module; 402, visual indication module; 403, emergency release module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 , is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides an additional braking system for an elevator traction machine, comprising: at least one additional brake 100 and a control unit 300, and the control unit 300 is arranged to adjust the braking force of the additional brake 100 according to the operating state of the elevator.

[0040] The additional brake 100 is arranged on the output shaft of the traction machine 200, and is used to provide additional braking force when the elevator's own brake fails; the braking force of the additional brake 100 is adjustable to meet different dynamic star-locking requirements. The additional brake 100 includes a brake arm 101, a brake pad 102 connected to one end of the brake arm 101, and an adjustment mechanism 103 connected to the other end of the brake arm 101; the adjustment mechanism 103 is used to adjust to change the contact pressure between the brake pad 102 and the output shaft of the traction machine 200, and the existing technical structure can be used.

[0041] The control unit 300 includes a sensor for detecting the speed and load of the elevator and sending the data to the control unit for processing; the control unit 300 also includes a temperature sensor of the prior art for monitoring temperature changes during braking and adjusting the braking force when the temperature exceeds a preset value.

[0042] Preferably, the control unit 300 further includes an energy recovery module 301 for recovering energy during braking; and a fault diagnosis module 302 for monitoring the working state of the braking device and issuing an alarm when an abnormality is detected.

[0043] Furthermore, in one implementation of this embodiment, an elevator is provided, using an additional braking system for an elevator traction machine, including software for controlling the additional braking system for the elevator traction machine, and a monitoring system 400 for improving the safety of elevator operation.

[0044] The software includes an algorithm for predicting the dynamic behavior of the elevator when its own brake fails and adjusting the braking force to optimize safety performance. The monitoring system 400 includes an audio signal module 401, a visual indication module 402, and an emergency release module 403. The audio signal module 401 is used to provide audio feedback during the braking process; the visual indication module 402 is used to provide visual feedback during the braking process; and the emergency release module 403 is used to quickly release the brake in an emergency.

[0045] Preferably, the additional brake 100 includes an interface for communicating with the monitoring system 400 , and the interface may be a USB interface in the prior art, etc., for receiving instructions from the monitoring system 400 .

[0046] Furthermore, in one implementation of this embodiment, a design method for an additional braking system of an elevator traction machine is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0047] The additional brake 100 is designed to adapt to the output shaft of the traction machine 200; the adjustment range of the braking force is determined to meet different dynamic star-locking requirements; and the control unit 300 is configured to realize automatic adjustment of the braking force.

[0048] In this embodiment, the elevator load is 3000kg, the speed is 0.5m / s, the lifting height is 3m, the suspension ratio is 4:1, the car weight is 2450kg, the balance coefficient is 46%, and the parameters of the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine are set as follows

[0049] As shown in Table 1:

[0050]

[0051] Table 1 Permanent magnet synchronous traction machine parameters and corresponding driving capacity verification

[0052] Table 1 above shows that the driving capacity of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine meets the requirement of 110% of the design load of the specification.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, this is the star-sealing torque-speed T(n) curve corresponding to the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine.

[0054] The torques on the traction sheave when the elevator is unloaded and fully loaded are shown in Table 2 below.

[0055]

[0056] Table 2 The torque table of the elevator loaded on the traction sheave when it is empty and fully loaded

[0057] In Table 2 above, the left 3 columns represent the setting parameters of the elevator, and the right 4 columns represent the torques applied to the traction sheave when the elevator is unloaded and fully loaded. From the data in the table, we can see that: when the bottom floor is unloaded, the torque applied to the traction sheave is 801N.m, and the speed of the traction sheave has reached 50.7RPM when the dynamic star-sealing is instantly out of control; when the top floor is fully loaded, the torque applied to the traction sheave is 943N.m, and the speed of the traction sheave has reached 40.6RPM when the dynamic star-sealing is instantly out of control.

[0058] By comparing the data, it was found that when the top layer was fully loaded and the dynamic star-sealing function was out of control instantly, the speed of the traction wheel had reached 40.6RPM, and the torque applied to the traction wheel was 943N.m, which had exceeded the torque corresponding to the traction machine star-sealing torque of 40.6RPM, so the dynamic star-sealing function failed.

[0059] From the above, it can be seen that the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine may have insufficient star-sealing torque. In this case, an external auxiliary device is required (fine-tuning can be done by changing the balance coefficient, but since the counterweight is made of non-metallic material, its weight will change with the seasons, so the possibility of changing the balance coefficient is only theoretical; of course, when the suspension ratio is 4:1, the insufficient star-sealing torque can be avoided by selecting a traction machine, but when the suspension ratio reaches 8:1, it is even more difficult to meet the requirements).

[0060] Therefore, a brake is added at a suitable position of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine, and it is required to be able to conveniently adjust the size of the resistance distance to meet the dynamic star-locking requirements of the added elevator. The circuit diagram of the control unit 300 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the timing logic of the elevator running contactor and the star-blocking contactor during the normal operation of the elevator and the dynamic star-blocking of the elevator is designed as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0061] In summary, the present invention reduces the maximum speed of the elevator during the out-of-control period by adding a resistance torque to the elevator traction wheel; when the traction machine speed is reduced, the torque-speed T(n) intervention point moves left when the star is closed, and the torque corresponding to the speed on the torque-speed T(n) curve also increases, so that the elevator car can be pulled back to the stable area of ​​the traction machine star-closing torque-speed T(n) more smoothly.

[0062] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An additional braking system for an elevator traction machine, characterized in that: include: At least one additional brake (100), which is arranged on the output shaft of the traction machine (200) and is used to provide additional braking force when the elevator's own brake fails; The braking force of the additional brake (100) is adjustable to meet different dynamic star-sealing requirements.

2. The additional braking system of an elevator traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additional brake (100) comprises a brake arm (101), a brake pad (102) connected to one end of the brake arm (101), and an adjustment mechanism (103) connected to the other end of the brake arm (101); The adjustment mechanism (103) is used to adjust and change the contact pressure between the brake pad (102) and the output shaft of the traction machine (200).

3. The additional braking system of an elevator traction machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a control unit (300) connected to the adjustment mechanism (103) and used to adjust the braking force of the additional brake (100) according to the running state of the elevator; The control unit (300) includes sensors for detecting the speed and load of the elevator and sending the data to the control unit for processing.

4. The additional braking system of an elevator traction machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control unit (300) also includes a temperature sensor for monitoring temperature changes during braking and adjusting the braking force when the temperature exceeds a preset value.

5. The additional braking system of an elevator traction machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control unit (300) further includes, An energy recovery module (301), used for recovering energy during braking; and The fault diagnosis module (302) is used to monitor the working state of the brake device and issue an alarm when an abnormality is detected.

6. An elevator using the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises software for controlling the additional braking system of the elevator traction machine and a monitoring system (400) for improving the safety of elevator operation.

7. The elevator according to claim 6, characterized in that The software includes an algorithm that predicts the dynamic behavior of an elevator if its own brakes fail and adjusts the braking force to optimize safety performance.

8. The elevator according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The monitoring system (400) comprises, A sound signal module (401), used to provide sound feedback during braking; a visual indication module (402) for providing visual feedback during braking; and The emergency release module (403) is used to quickly release the brakes in an emergency.

9. The elevator according to claim 8, characterized in that The additional brake (100) comprises an interface for communicating with the monitoring system (400) and is used for receiving instructions from the monitoring system (400).

10. A design method for an additional braking system of an elevator traction machine, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The additional brake (100) is designed to adapt to the output shaft of the traction machine (200); Determine the adjustment range of the braking force to meet different dynamic star-sealing requirements; The control unit (300) is configured to achieve automatic adjustment of the braking force.

Images