Animal feed capable of improving animal immunity and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses animal feed capable of improving animal immunity and a preparation method of the animal feed. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 40 to 50 parts of corn flour, 20 to 30 parts of bean cakes, 10 to 20 parts of sweet potato powder, 10 to 20 parts of plant extract, 5 to 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 2 to 10 parts of hawthorn fruit powder, 10 to 20 parts of starch acetate, 4 to 8 parts of fish meal, 3 to 5 parts of herba portulacae, 4 to 6 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of ginseng polysaccharide, 0.01 to 0.05 part of microecological preparation, 0.1 to 0.5 part of iodine-containing table salt, 0.01 to 0.05 part of soluble ferric salt, 0.02 to 0.05 part of soluble copper salt and 0.02 to 0.05 part of soluble zinc salt. The microelements are added into the raw materials of the feed, so that the dispersity of the microelements in the feed is high, the utilization rate of the feed is high, the optimal raw material adding proportion is calculated by adopting the quantum ant colony algorithm, the quality of the feed is improved, and the immunity of animals is improved when the animals eat the feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, and more specifically to an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0003] At present, although there are many kinds of animal feeds on the market, most of them are mainly corn and wheat bran, which are not only single in composition but also nutritionally unbalanced, and are increasingly unable to meet the growth needs of poultry. At the same time, some animal feeds are added with growth promoters or growth hormones to increase the growth rate of poultry, which not only bring certain toxic side effects to the meat, seriously affecting the quality and taste of the meat, but also cause harm to the human body. Therefore, we propose an animal feed that can improve animal immunity and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, the present invention discloses an animal feed and a preparation method thereof that can improve animal immunity. Trace elements are added to the feed raw materials, thereby making the dispersion of trace elements in the feed high and the utilization rate of the feed high. At the same time, the optimal raw material addition ratio is calculated by using a quantum ant colony algorithm, so that the quality of the prepared feed is improved, thereby improving the immunity of the animal when eating. Finally, a microecological preparation is added, which is beneficial to improving the quality of animal meat products.

[0005] An animal feed capable of improving animal immunity comprises the following raw materials by weight: 40-50 parts of corn flour, 20-30 parts of bean cake, 10-20 parts of sweet potato flour, 10-20 parts of plant extract, 5-10 parts of cottonseed hull, 2-10 parts of hawthorn powder, 10-20 parts of starch acetate, 4-8 parts of fish meal, 3-5 parts of purslane, 4-6 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.5-1.2 parts of ginseng polysaccharide, 0.01-0.05 parts of microecological preparation, 0.1-0.5 parts of iodized salt, 0.01-0.05 parts of soluble iron salt, 0.02-0.05 parts of soluble copper salt and 0.02-0.05 parts of soluble zinc salt.

[0006] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the starch acetate are as follows: firstly, dispersing starch in distilled water, stirring to form a suspension, and standing for 2 hours to allow the starch to fully swell; adding glacial acetic acid to a reaction kettle, and then slowly adding acetic anhydride and stirring evenly; then slowly adding the pretreated starch suspension to the reaction system, continuously stirring, controlling the reaction temperature at 25°C-30°C, and the reaction time is 2-4 hours; after the reaction is completed, using sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the reaction solution to neutrality, filtering the reaction solution, collecting the solid product, washing the solid product with distilled water and ethanol, and removing unreacted acetic anhydride and acetic acid; finally, placing the washed starch acetate in a drying oven at 50°C-60°C to dry to constant weight; during the reaction process, the pH of the solution should be controlled, the pH of the solution should be controlled between 4.5-7, and when adjusting the pH of the solution, it should be fully stirred to ensure full neutralization.

[0007] Furthermore, the plant extract is straw, the microecological preparation is Bacillus subtilis, the soluble iron salt is ferrous sulfate, the soluble copper salt is copper sulfate, and the soluble zinc salt is zinc sulfate; and the Bacillus subtilis is isolated from soil and plant rhizosphere environment.

[0008] Furthermore, the steps for preparing the astragalus polysaccharide are as follows: first, mixing the crushed astragalus with water, heating to extract the polysaccharide, then concentrating the extract and adding ethanol to precipitate the polysaccharide, finally filtering the precipitate and drying it to obtain a crude astragalus polysaccharide, and then purifying it by column chromatography to obtain the astragalus polysaccharide; the steps for preparing the ginseng polysaccharide are as follows: mixing the crushed ginseng with water, heating to extract the polysaccharide, then concentrating the extract and adding ethanol to precipitate the polysaccharide, finally filtering the precipitate and drying it to obtain a crude ginseng polysaccharide, decolorizing it with activated carbon, and then purifying it by column chromatography.

[0009] Furthermore, a method for preparing an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: impregnation: weigh soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt by weight and dissolve them in 11 parts of water at the same time, then add starch acetate and stir at a stirring speed of 25 r / min for 20 minutes to mix evenly, and statically impregnate for 30 minutes to 40 minutes at room temperature to obtain trace element wet powder; Step 2, drying, drying the obtained trace element wet powder at 60°C-80°C for 60min-90min, maintaining the initial humidity at 15-30%, and drying in a box dryer to obtain the trace element dry powder. During the drying process, air circulation is maintained, and the wind speed is controlled at 1-3m / s. After air drying, the humidity of the trace element dry powder is 10-12%; Step 3, mixing, taking corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation by weight, and then adding the trace element dry powder prepared in step 2, and using quantum ant colony algorithm to calculate and determine the weight addition ratio, so as to achieve a mixture of trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation has different nutritional effects, mixing evenly, and using a grinder to grind to obtain a mixture; Step 4: ball milling: the mixture is ball milled for 40-80 minutes, the ball milling temperature is controlled at 20°C-30°C, the ambient humidity of the ball milling is controlled at a relative humidity of less than 60%, a medium is added to the ball mill, the medium is a steel ball, and the feed fine powder is obtained by sieving, and the particle size of the feed fine powder is 400 μm-800 μm; Step 5: Forming: the feed powder is granulated and formed, dried at 65-80°C for 60-90 minutes, and the relative humidity is controlled at 15-20%. A pellet machine is used to form cylindrical pellets through high pressure extrusion between a roller and a ring die, and dried to obtain an animal feed product.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 3, the weight addition ratio is determined by using a quantum ant colony algorithm, and the calculation method of the quantum ant colony algorithm is: Step 1: Using a particle initialization method, the initial trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation are configured with random particles as raw materials, and the fitness function is used to calculate the weight addition ratio according to the random particles. The weight addition ratio calculation formula is: (1) In formula (1), Expressed as weight percentage addition ratio, Represented as random particle input value, Represents the random particle input value subscript, Represented as random particle output value, Represents the random particle output value subscript, It represents the standard parameters of raw materials for the configuration of trace element dry powder, corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparations. It is expressed as the fitness function calculation parameter; Step 2: After the weight addition ratio is calculated, the optimal weight addition ratio is determined by an iterative method. The iterative method calculates the change between the current weight addition ratio and the weight addition ratio in the previous iteration according to the adaptive weight. The change calculation formula is: (2) In formula (2), It represents the change in the current weight addition ratio and the weight addition ratio in the last iteration. Indicates the current weight ratio, 1 indicates the current weight ratio subscript, It represents the weight ratio added in the last iteration, 2 represents the weight ratio added in the last iteration, Represented as adaptive weight calculation parameter, Expressed as the number of iterations; Step 3. Finally, a fault-tolerant quantum comparison method is used to determine the relative size of the variation and the function variation range. The function variation range is 0.5. When the variation is greater than the function variation range, the fault-tolerant quantum comparison method uses a counter method to count plus 1. When the variation is less than or equal to the function variation range, the iteration ends. At this time, the weight ratio of the addition is the optimal weight ratio of the raw materials of the trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation.

[0011] Furthermore, in the step 1, an equal volume impregnation method is adopted, and the critical water absorption rate of starch acetate before it flows after being added to water is calculated by experiment, the required weight of starch acetate is weighed, the water absorption of starch acetate is calculated by the critical water absorption rate, and water equal to the water absorption is weighed, soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt are dissolved in water, and starch acetate is added, stirred evenly, the stirring speed is 20-30r / min, and static impregnation is carried out at room temperature for 30min-50min to obtain trace element wet powder.

[0012] Furthermore, in the step 2, the trace element wet powder is heated from room temperature to 60°C-80°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min-5°C / min and dried for 60min-90min to obtain the trace element dry powder.

[0013] Positive beneficial effects: By adding trace elements to feed raw materials, the dispersion of trace elements in the feed and the utilization rate of the feed can be high. At the same time, the optimal raw material addition ratio is calculated by using the quantum ant colony algorithm, so that the quality of the prepared feed is improved, and then the immunity of animals is improved when eating. Finally, the addition of microecological preparations is beneficial to improve the quality of animal meat products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the raw material content of an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram of the best ratio of raw materials for preparing animal feed that can improve animal immunity according to the present invention; Figure 4 The present invention is a flow chart of preparing an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, an animal feed for improving animal immunity, counted by weight, its raw materials are composed of: 40-50 parts of corn flour, 20-30 parts of bean cake, 10-20 parts of sweet potato flour, 10-20 parts of plant extract, 5-10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 2-10 parts of hawthorn powder, 10-20 parts of starch acetate, 4-8 parts of fish meal, 3-5 parts of purslane, 4-6 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.5-1.2 parts of ginseng polysaccharide, 0.01-0.05 parts of probiotic preparations, 0.1-0.5 parts of iodized salt, 0.01-0.05 parts of soluble iron salt, 0.02-0.05 parts of soluble copper salt, and 0.02-0.05 parts of soluble zinc salt.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the preparation steps of the starch acetate are: first, dispersing starch in distilled water, stirring to form a suspension, and standing for 2 hours to allow the starch to fully swell; adding glacial acetic acid to the reactor, and then slowly adding acetic anhydride and stirring evenly; then slowly adding the pretreated starch suspension to the reaction system, continuously stirring, controlling the reaction temperature at 25°C-30°C, and the reaction time is 2-4 hours; after the reaction, using sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the reaction solution to neutrality, filtering the reaction solution, collecting the solid product, washing the solid product with distilled water and ethanol, and removing unreacted acetic anhydride and acetic acid; finally, placing the washed starch acetate in a drying oven at 50°C-60°C to dry to constant weight; during the reaction process, the pH of the solution should be controlled, and the pH of the solution should be controlled between 4.5-7. When adjusting the pH of the solution, it should be fully stirred to ensure full neutralization.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the plant extract is straw, the microecological preparation is Bacillus subtilis, the soluble iron salt is ferrous sulfate, the soluble copper salt is copper sulfate, and the soluble zinc salt is zinc sulfate; the Bacillus subtilis is isolated from soil and plant rhizosphere environment.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the steps for preparing the astragalus polysaccharide are as follows: first, the crushed astragalus is mixed with water, the polysaccharide is extracted by heating, and then the extract is concentrated and ethanol is added to precipitate the polysaccharide, and finally the precipitate is filtered and dried to obtain a crude astragalus polysaccharide, and then purified by column chromatography to obtain the astragalus polysaccharide; the steps for preparing the ginseng polysaccharide are as follows: the crushed ginseng is mixed with water, the polysaccharide is extracted by heating, and then the extract is concentrated and ethanol is added to precipitate the polysaccharide, and finally the precipitate is filtered and dried to obtain a crude ginseng polysaccharide, and activated carbon is used for decolorization, and then column chromatography is used for purification.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity comprises the following steps: Step 1: impregnation: weigh soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt by weight and dissolve them in 11 parts of water at the same time, then add starch acetate and stir at a stirring speed of 25 r / min for 20 minutes to mix evenly, and statically impregnate for 30 minutes to 40 minutes at room temperature to obtain trace element wet powder; Step 2, drying, drying the obtained trace element wet powder at 60°C-80°C for 60min-90min, maintaining the initial humidity at 15-30%, and drying in a box dryer to obtain the trace element dry powder. During the drying process, air circulation is maintained, and the wind speed is controlled at 1-3m / s. After air drying, the humidity of the trace element dry powder is 10-12%; Step 3, mixing, taking corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation by weight, and then adding the trace element dry powder prepared in step 2, and using quantum ant colony algorithm to calculate and determine the weight addition ratio, so as to achieve a mixture of trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation has different nutritional effects, mixing evenly, and using a grinder to grind to obtain a mixture; Step 4: ball milling: the mixture is ball milled for 40-80 minutes, the ball milling temperature is controlled at 20°C-30°C, the ambient humidity of the ball milling is controlled at a relative humidity of less than 60%, a medium is added to the ball mill, the medium is a steel ball, and the feed fine powder is obtained by sieving, and the particle size of the feed fine powder is 400 μm-800 μm; Step 5: Forming: the feed powder is granulated and formed, dried at 65-80°C for 60-90 minutes, and the relative humidity is controlled at 15-20%. A pellet machine is used to form cylindrical pellets through high pressure extrusion between a roller and a ring die, and dried to obtain an animal feed product.

[0021] Specific embodiment 1, according to the preparation steps of impregnation, drying, mixing, ball milling and molding, the feed is prepared, and 45kg of corn flour, 25kg of bean cake, 15kg of sweet potato flour, 8kg of cottonseed hulls, 6kg of hawthorn powder, 15kg of starch acetate, 6kg of fish meal, 4kg of purslane, 5kg of astragalus polysaccharide, and 0.8kg of ginseng polysaccharide are weighed, and 15kg of plant extract and 0.03kg of probiotic preparation are added to the raw materials, and 0.3kg of iodized salt is added thereto, and after stirring evenly with a stirrer, 0.03kg of soluble iron salt, 0.04kg of soluble copper salt and 0.04kg of soluble zinc salt are added, and stirred evenly with a stirrer, and then animal feed product A is obtained according to steps 1 to 5.

[0022] Comparative Example 1.1 The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of specific embodiment 1, except that no plant extract is added, and then the animal feed product B is prepared according to steps 1 to 5.

[0023] Comparative Example 1.2 The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of specific embodiment 1, except that no microecological preparation is added, and then the animal feed product C is prepared according to steps 1 to 5.

[0024] Comparative Example 1.3 The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of specific example 1, except that no plant extract and microecological preparation are added, and then the animal feed product D is prepared according to steps 1 to 5.

[0025] Comparative Example 1.4 The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of specific embodiment 1, except that no iodized salt is added, and then the animal feed product E is prepared according to steps 1 to 5.

[0026] Then, the nutritional levels of the feeds were compared according to the specific examples and the comparative examples, and the comparison results were as follows: Table 1 Nutrient content of feeds with different raw materials It can be seen from Table 1 that when 15 kg of plant extract and 0.03 kg of microbial preparation are added to the raw materials during the feed preparation process, the content of nutrients in the feed can be increased. At the same time, adding 0.3 kg of iodized salt will also increase the nutritional content of animal feed compared to that without adding iodized salt. Therefore, when plant extracts, microbial preparations and iodized salt are added to the feed, the nutritional content of animal feed will be higher.

[0027] At the same time, according to the preparation process of animal feed products A, B, C, D and E, several animal feeds are produced, and experiments on pig feed's immunity to pigs are conducted in pig farms. At this time, 5 pigs need to be selected to test the pigs' immunity in real time. Each pig is fed with different animal feed products. After two months of observation and recording, the pigs' antibodies are tested, and the effects of different feeds on pigs' antibodies are obtained. The results are as follows: Table 2 Effects of different animal feed products on pig immunity As can be seen from Table 2, animal feeds with different raw materials have different effects on animal immunity. When plant extracts, microbial preparations and iodized salt are added, the nutritional content of the feed will increase, and then when the animal consumes the feed, its immunity will also increase. Specific embodiment 2 First, soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt are weighed by weight and dissolved in 11 parts of water at the same time, and then starch acetate is added and stirred at a stirring speed of 25r / min for 20 minutes to be evenly stirred, and static impregnation is performed at room temperature for 30min-40min to obtain trace element wet powder; secondly, drying is performed, and the obtained trace element wet powder is dried at 60℃-80℃ for 60min-90min, and the initial humidity is maintained at 15-30%, and a box dryer is used for drying to obtain trace element dry powder. During the drying process, air circulation is maintained, and the wind speed is controlled at 1-3m / s. After wind drying, the humidity of the trace element dry powder is 10-12%; then mixing is performed, and 40 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of bean cake, 10 parts of sweet potato flour, 10 parts of plant extract, 5 parts of cottonseed hulls, 2 parts of hawthorn powder, 10 parts of starch acetate, 4 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of purslane, 4 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.5 parts of ginseng polysaccharide, 0.01 parts of probiotic preparation, 0.1 parts of iodized salt, 0.01 parts of soluble iron salt, 0.02 parts of soluble copper salt and 0.02 parts of soluble zinc salt are mixed, and crushed by a pulverizer to obtain a mixture; then ball milling, the mixture is ball milled by a ball mill for 40 minutes to 80 minutes, the ball milling temperature is controlled at 20°C to 30°C, the ambient humidity of the ball milling is controlled at a relative humidity of less than 60%, a medium is added into the ball mill, the medium is a steel ball, and the feed fine powder is sieved to obtain the feed fine powder, the particle size of the feed fine powder is 400μm to 800μm; finally molding, the feed fine powder is granulated and molded, dried at 65°C to 80°C for 60 minutes to 90 minutes, the relative humidity is controlled at 15-20%, a granulator is used to form cylindrical particles through high pressure extrusion between a pressure roller and a ring die, and dried to obtain an animal feed product.

[0029] The prepared product was used to select two groups of mice, marked as A and B, and fed. Each group of mice had 20 mice. After feeding for 20 and 10 days, the two groups of mice were injected with drugs respectively, and the number of mice that got sick was observed. The results were as follows: Table 3 Number of mice that got sick or died in the two groups It can be seen from Table 3 that when the mice are fed with the feed in the experiment, the longer the feeding time, the lower the disease rate of the mice. It can be concluded that the feed in this embodiment can improve the immunity of mice and thus increase the survival time of mice. Specific embodiment 3 First, soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt are weighed by weight and dissolved in 11 parts of water at the same time, and then starch acetate is added and stirred at a stirring speed of 25r / min for 20 minutes to be evenly stirred, and static impregnation is performed at room temperature for 30min-40min to obtain trace element wet powder; secondly, drying is performed, the obtained trace element wet powder is dried at 60℃-80℃ for 60min-90min, and the initial humidity is maintained at 15-30%, and a box dryer is used for drying to obtain trace element dry powder. During the drying process, air circulation is maintained, and the wind speed is controlled at 1-3m / s. After wind drying, the humidity of the trace element dry powder is 10-12%; then mixing is performed, and 50 parts of corn flour, 30 parts of bean cake, 20 parts of sweet potato flour, 20 parts of plant extract, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 10 parts of hawthorn powder, 20 parts of starch acetate, 8 parts of fish meal, and 5 parts of purslane are weighed by weight. , 6 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 1.2 parts of ginseng polysaccharide, 0.05 parts of proecological preparation, 0.5 parts of iodized salt, 0.05 parts of soluble iron salt, 0.05 parts of soluble copper salt and 0.05 parts of soluble zinc salt are mixed, and a mixture is obtained by using a pulverizer; then, ball milling is performed, the mixture is ball milled for 40min-80min, the ball milling temperature is controlled at 20℃-30℃, the ambient humidity of the ball milling is controlled at a relative humidity of less than 60%, a medium is added into the ball mill, the medium is a steel ball, and the feed powder is obtained by screening, and the particle size of the feed powder is 400μm-800μm; finally, the feed powder is granulated and formed, and dried at 65℃-80℃ for 60min-90min, and the relative humidity is controlled at 15-20%, and a granulator is used to form cylindrical particles through high-pressure extrusion between a pressure roller and a ring die, and the animal feed product is dried.

[0031] The prepared product was used to select two groups of mice, marked as A and B, and fed. Each group of mice had 20 mice. After feeding for 20 and 10 days, the two groups of mice were injected with drugs respectively, and the number of mice that got sick was observed. The results were as follows: Table 4 The number of mice that got sick and died in the two groups It can be seen from Table 4 that when the proportion of raw materials added to the feed is high, the number of mice that get sick decreases and their immunity is relatively improved. Therefore, appropriate raw materials should be added during the feed preparation process to improve the immunity of the animals.

[0032] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step 3, the weight addition ratio is determined by using a quantum ant colony algorithm, and the calculation method of the quantum ant colony algorithm is: Step 1: Using a particle initialization method, the initial trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation are configured with random particles as raw materials, and the fitness function is used to calculate the weight addition ratio according to the random particles. The weight addition ratio calculation formula is: (1) In formula (1), Expressed as weight percentage addition ratio, Represented as random particle input value, Represents the random particle input value subscript, Represented as random particle output value, Represents the random particle output value subscript, It represents the standard parameters of raw materials for the configuration of trace element dry powder, corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparations. It is expressed as the fitness function calculation parameter; Step 2: After the weight addition ratio is calculated, the optimal weight addition ratio is determined by an iterative method. The iterative method calculates the change between the current weight addition ratio and the weight addition ratio in the previous iteration according to the adaptive weight. The change calculation formula is: (2) In formula (2), It represents the change in the current weight addition ratio and the weight addition ratio in the last iteration. Indicates the current weight ratio, 1 indicates the current weight ratio subscript, It represents the weight ratio added in the last iteration, 2 represents the weight ratio added in the last iteration, Represented as adaptive weight calculation parameter, Expressed as the number of iterations; Step 3. Finally, a fault-tolerant quantum comparison method is used to determine the relative size of the variation and the function variation range. The function variation range is 0.5. When the variation is greater than the function variation range, the fault-tolerant quantum comparison method uses a counter method to count plus 1. When the variation is less than or equal to the function variation range, the iteration ends. At this time, the weight ratio of the addition is the optimal weight ratio of the raw materials of the trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation.

[0033] In the above specific embodiment, four test groups are set according to the different number of data group objects and attributes. The traditional method and quantum ant colony algorithm are used to calculate the material addition ratio of each raw material. At the same time, four groups of similar animals of the same weight are selected for testing. The feed raw material ratios calculated by the two methods are used to make feed, and then the resistance of the feeds made by the two different algorithms is tested respectively. The above four test groups (Group A, Group B, Group C, Group D) each select 40 fattening pigs of the same breed with similar health status (initial weight 50±2kg), and the temperature of the breeding environment is controlled at 22±2℃ and the relative humidity is 60±5%. Each group is divided into two subgroups, which are fed with feeds with traditional algorithm ratios and feeds with quantum ant colony algorithm ratios respectively. The specific ratios are as follows: Traditional method of feed proportioning: the proportion parameters are randomly selected within the range of raw material composition, specifically 48 parts of corn flour, 28 parts of soybean cake, 18 parts of sweet potato flour, 12 parts of plant extract, 7 parts of cottonseed hulls, 5 parts of hawthorn powder, 18 parts of starch acetate, 7 parts of fish meal, 4.5 parts of purslane, 5.5 parts of astragalus polysaccharides, 1.0 parts of ginseng polysaccharides, 0.04 parts of proecological preparations, 0.4 parts of iodized salt, 0.04 parts of soluble iron salt, 0.04 parts of soluble copper salt, and 0.04 parts of soluble zinc salt.

[0034] Quantum ant colony algorithm feed ratio: calculate the optimal ratio, which is 45 parts of corn flour, 25 parts of soybean cake, 15 parts of sweet potato flour, 15 parts of plant extract, 8 parts of cottonseed hulls, 6 parts of hawthorn powder, 15 parts of starch acetate, 6 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of purslane, 5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.8 parts of ginseng polysaccharide, 0.03 parts of proecological preparations, 0.3 parts of iodized salt, 0.03 parts of soluble iron salt, 0.04 parts of soluble copper salt, and 0.04 parts of soluble zinc salt.

[0035] All feed preparation processes were carried out according to the steps, the feeding cycle was 60 days, and the daily feeding amount was 3% of body weight. The health status of the pigs was regularly tested during the experiment, and the serum immunoglobulin IgG content was measured by ELISA at the end of the experiment to evaluate immunity. The experimental results are shown in Table 5: Table 5 Effects of feeds prepared by different algorithms on animal resistance Note: The criteria for determining resistance are serum IgG content ≥ 15 mg / mL and no clinical symptoms during the experiment.

[0036] Through the above cases and Table 5, it can be concluded that the ratio of feed raw materials is calculated by the quantum ant colony algorithm of the present invention, and the raw materials are added according to the ratio calculated by the quantum ant colony algorithm when preparing the feed. The number of animals fed with resistance is much greater than that of the traditional algorithm, and it can be concluded that the quantum ant colony algorithm can calculate the best formula for feed that improves animal resistance. Obviously, the animal resistance of the feed group optimized by the quantum ant colony algorithm is significantly higher than that of the traditional method group (P<0.01), which verifies the advantage of the algorithm in improving the immune enhancement effect of feed.

[0037] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in the step 1, an equal volume impregnation method is used, and the critical water absorption rate of starch acetate before it flows after being added to water is calculated by experiment, the required weight of starch acetate is weighed, the water absorption of starch acetate is calculated by the critical water absorption rate, and water equal to the water absorption is weighed, soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt are dissolved in water, and starch acetate is added, stirred evenly, the stirring speed is 20-30r / min, and static impregnation is carried out at room temperature for 30min-50min to obtain trace element wet powder.

[0038] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2, the trace element wet powder is heated from room temperature to 60°C-80°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min-5°C / min and dried for 60min-90min to obtain the trace element dry powder.

[0039] It should be noted that the present invention uses an equal volume impregnation method to adsorb trace elements such as iron, copper, and zinc on starch acetate, and then dries it to obtain trace element dry powder, and mixes it evenly with other feed raw materials using a mixer, and obtains feed after ball milling and molding processes, thereby making the prepared animal feed product have a low feed-to-meat ratio, the animal's resistance can be correspondingly improved, and the utilization rate of trace elements and feed is high. At the same time, the feed fine powder with a particle size greater than 650 μm in the present invention can be crushed and used, and the feed fine powder with a particle size less than 500 μm can be added with water to aggregate the fine powder into larger particle size particles and dried before use.

[0040] In summary, the optimal weight ratio of raw materials of the animal feed capable of improving animal immunity of the present invention is: 45kg corn flour, 25kg bean cake, 15kg sweet potato flour, 15kg plant extract, 8kg cottonseed hull, 6kg hawthorn powder, 15kg starch acetate, 6kg fish meal, 4kg purslane, 5kg astragalus polysaccharide, 0.8kg ginseng polysaccharide, 0.03kg probiotic preparation, 0.3kg iodized salt, 0.03kg soluble iron salt, 0.04kg soluble copper salt, 0.04kg soluble zinc salt. At the same time, the present invention selects ferrous sulfate as the source of iron and copper sulfate as the source of copper. Zinc sulfate is selected as the source of zinc, and the sulfate of trace elements is impregnated on starch acetate by equal volume impregnation method, slowly heated to 60℃-80℃ for drying, and the mixture is refined by ball milling process. 500μm-650μm feed fine powder is selected for granulation. The obtained animal feed containing trace elements has low feed-to-meat ratio, high utilization rate of trace elements and feed, and has a high value market. At the same time, straw is also used as plant extract and Bacillus subtilis as microecological preparation, which further improves the nutritional content of animal feed, thereby improving the immunity of animals, making animals less likely to get sick and having better meat quality.

[0041] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments are only illustrative, and those skilled in the art may omit, replace, and change the details of the above methods and systems in various ways without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention. For example, merging the above method steps so as to perform substantially the same functions in substantially the same manner to achieve substantially the same results is within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An animal feed capable of improving animal immunity, characterized in that: Counted by weight, the raw materials are composed of: 40-50 parts of corn flour, 20-30 parts of bean cake, 10-20 parts of sweet potato flour, 10-20 parts of plant extract, 5-10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 2-10 parts of hawthorn powder, 10-20 parts of starch acetate, 4-8 parts of fish meal, 3-5 parts of purslane, 4-6 parts of astragalus polysaccharide, 0.5-1.2 parts of ginseng polysaccharide, 0.01-0.05 parts of microecological preparations, 0.1-0.5 parts of iodized salt, 0.01-0.05 parts of soluble iron salt, 0.02-0.05 parts of soluble copper salt and 0.02-0.05 parts of soluble zinc salt.

2. The animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the starch acetate are as follows: firstly, dispersing starch in distilled water, stirring to form a suspension, and standing for 2 hours to allow the starch to fully swell; adding glacial acetic acid into a reaction kettle, and then slowly adding acetic anhydride and stirring evenly; then slowly adding the pretreated starch suspension into the reaction system, continuously stirring, controlling the reaction temperature at 25°C-30°C, and the reaction time being 2-4 hours; after the reaction is completed, neutralizing the reaction liquid to neutrality with a sodium hydroxide solution, filtering the reaction liquid, collecting a solid product, washing the solid product with distilled water and ethanol, and removing unreacted acetic anhydride and acetic acid; finally, placing the washed starch acetate in a drying oven at 50°C-60°C to dry to constant weight; during the reaction process, the pH of the solution should be controlled to be between 4.5 and 7, and when adjusting the pH of the solution, the solution should be fully stirred to ensure full neutralization.

3. The animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant extract is straw, the microecological preparation is Bacillus subtilis, the soluble iron salt is ferrous sulfate, the soluble copper salt is copper sulfate, and the soluble zinc salt is zinc sulfate; the Bacillus subtilis is separated from soil and plant rhizosphere environment.

4. The animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for preparing the astragalus polysaccharide are as follows: first, mixing the crushed astragalus with water, heating to extract the polysaccharide, then concentrating the extract and adding ethanol to precipitate the polysaccharide, finally filtering the precipitate and drying it to obtain a crude astragalus polysaccharide, and then purifying it by column chromatography to obtain the astragalus polysaccharide; the steps for preparing the ginseng polysaccharide are as follows: mixing the crushed ginseng with water, heating to extract the polysaccharide, then concentrating the extract and adding ethanol to precipitate the polysaccharide, finally filtering the precipitate and drying it to obtain a crude ginseng polysaccharide, decolorizing it with activated carbon, and then purifying it by column chromatography.

5. A method for preparing an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: impregnation: weigh soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt by weight and dissolve them in 11 parts of water at the same time, then add starch acetate and stir at a stirring speed of 25 r / min for 20 minutes to mix evenly, and statically impregnate for 30 minutes to 40 minutes at room temperature to obtain trace element wet powder; Step 2, drying, drying the obtained trace element wet powder at 60°C-80°C for 60min-90min, maintaining the initial humidity at 15-30%, and drying in a box dryer to obtain the trace element dry powder. During the drying process, air circulation is maintained, and the wind speed is controlled at 1-3m / s. After air drying, the humidity of the trace element dry powder is 10-12%; Step 3, mixing, taking corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation by weight, and then adding the trace element dry powder prepared in step 2, and using quantum ant colony algorithm to calculate and determine the weight addition ratio, so as to achieve a mixture of trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation has different nutritional effects, mixing evenly, and using a grinder to grind to obtain a mixture; Step 4: ball milling: the mixture is ball milled for 40-80 minutes, the ball milling temperature is controlled at 20°C-30°C, the ambient humidity of the ball milling is controlled at a relative humidity of less than 60%, a medium is added to the ball mill, the medium is a steel ball, and the feed fine powder is obtained by sieving, and the particle size of the feed fine powder is 400 μm-800 μm; Step 5: Forming: the feed powder is granulated and formed, dried at 65-80°C for 60-90 minutes, and the relative humidity is controlled at 15-20%. A pellet machine is used to form cylindrical pellets through high pressure extrusion between a roller and a ring die, and dried to obtain an animal feed product.

6. The method for preparing an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 3, the quantum ant colony algorithm is used to calculate and determine the weight addition ratio, and the calculation method of the quantum ant colony algorithm is: Step 1: Using a particle initialization method, the initial trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation are configured with random particles as raw materials, and the fitness function is used to calculate the weight addition ratio according to the random particles. The weight addition ratio calculation formula is: （1） In formula (1), Expressed as weight percentage addition ratio, Represented as random particle input value, Represents the random particle input value subscript, Represented as random particle output value, Represents the random particle output value subscript, It represents the standard parameters of raw materials for the configuration of trace element dry powder, corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparations. It is expressed as the fitness function calculation parameter; Step 2: After the weight addition ratio is calculated, the optimal weight addition ratio is determined by an iterative method. The iterative method calculates the change between the current weight addition ratio and the weight addition ratio in the previous iteration according to the adaptive weight. The change calculation formula is: （2） In formula (2), It represents the change in the current weight addition ratio and the weight addition ratio in the last iteration. Indicates the current weight ratio, 1 indicates the current weight ratio subscript, It represents the weight ratio added in the last iteration, 2 represents the weight ratio added in the last iteration, Represented as adaptive weight calculation parameter, Expressed as the number of iterations; Step 3. Finally, a fault-tolerant quantum comparison method is used to determine the relative size of the variation and the function variation range. The function variation range is 0.

5. When the variation is greater than the function variation range, the fault-tolerant quantum comparison method uses a counter method to count plus 1. When the variation is less than or equal to the function variation range, the iteration ends. At this time, the weight ratio of the addition is the optimal weight ratio of the raw materials of the trace element dry powder and corn flour, bean cake, sweet potato flour, plant extract, cottonseed hull, hawthorn powder, starch acetate, fish meal, purslane, astragalus polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide and probiotic preparation.

7. The method for preparing an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 1, an equal volume impregnation method is adopted, and the critical water absorption rate of starch acetate before it flows after being added to water is calculated by experiment, the required weight of starch acetate is weighed, the water absorption of starch acetate is calculated by the critical water absorption rate, and water equal to the water absorption is weighed, soluble iron salt, soluble copper salt and soluble zinc salt are dissolved in water, and starch acetate is added, stirred evenly, the stirring speed is 20-30r / min, and static impregnation is carried out at room temperature for 30min-50min to obtain the wet powder of trace elements.

8. The method for preparing an animal feed capable of improving animal immunity according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 2, the trace element wet powder is heated from room temperature to 60°C-80°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min-5°C / min and dried for 60min-90min to obtain the trace element dry powder.

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