Aviation gasoline composition and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of aviation fuel oil, and discloses an aviation gasoline composition and a preparation method thereof. Relative to the total weight of the composition, the composition contains 6-12wt% of C5 isoparaffin and 45-80wt% of C8 isoparaffin, and the sum of the weight content of the C5 isoparaffin and the weight content of the C6 isoparaffin is not less than 15wt%; relative to the total weight of the composition, the weight content of C4 alkane is lower than 3wt%, and the weight content of C9 and above alkane is lower than 5wt%. The composition is basically composed of pure hydrocarbon components, aviation gasoline with various indexes meeting use requirements can be obtained under the condition that no metal (especially lead), nitrogen-containing compounds and oxygen-containing compounds are contained, and the composition is more environmentally friendly; and in addition, uncommon components in a gasoline pool are not contained, and complex use performance research is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aviation fuel oil, and in particular to an aviation gasoline composition and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The current standard for aviation gasoline is GB 1787-2018 Aviation Piston Engine Fuel. The standard specifies five types of aviation gasoline, of which No. 95 and No. 100 are both leaded gasoline. With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection and safety and more stringent requirements, it is an inevitable trend to use unleaded aviation gasoline to replace leaded aviation gasoline.

[0003] Since the engine development process is long and will not be easily changed, the new fuel is required to adapt to the use requirements of the engine without requiring major adjustments to the engine, which means that the new fuel should not contain components that have never been actually used or are uncommon. For example, CN106398783A proposed that No. 100 unleaded aviation gasoline contains aniline, N-methylaniline and meta-toluidine, and these components do not exist in the traditional gasoline pool; in addition, there are some technologies such as CN104593097B that use alcohol or ether oxygen-containing compounds to prepare unleaded aviation gasoline. Although methyl tert-butyl ether is used to prepare automotive gasoline in the traditional gasoline pool, and fuel ethanol is used to prepare automotive ethanol gasoline, there is no precedent for its use in the field of aviation gasoline. Therefore, whether these non-hydrocarbon components have additional effects on the engine requires further application research, and there is still a certain distance from practical application.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to develop aviation gasoline that is more environmentally friendly and does not require subsequent complex performance research. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide an aviation gasoline composition and a preparation method thereof. The composition is basically composed of pure hydrocarbon components, and can obtain aviation gasoline with various indicators meeting the use requirements without containing any metal (especially lead), which is more environmentally friendly; and it does not contain uncommon components in the gasoline pool, and does not require complicated performance research.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an aviation gasoline composition, which contains 6-12wt% of C5 isoparaffins and 45-80wt% of C8 isoparaffins relative to the total weight of the composition, wherein the sum of the weight contents of C5 isoparaffins and C6 isoparaffins is not less than 15wt%;

[0007] Relative to the total weight of the composition, the weight content of C4 alkanes is less than 3 wt%, and the weight content of C9 and above alkanes is less than 5 wt%.

[0008] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the aviation gasoline composition of the first aspect, the method comprising: first mixing various hydrocarbons.

[0009] The aviation gasoline composition provided by the present invention is basically composed of pure hydrocarbon components, and can obtain No. 95 aviation gasoline with various indicators meeting the use requirements without any metal compounds (especially lead), nitrogen-containing compounds and oxygen-containing compounds, which is more environmentally friendly. In addition, it does not contain uncommon components in the gasoline pool, so there is no need for complex performance research (such as whether it has additional effects on the engine), and it has more potential for practical application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0011] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an aviation gasoline composition, which contains 6-12 wt% of C5 isoparaffins and 45-80 wt% of C8 isoparaffins, relative to the total weight of the composition, wherein the sum of the weight contents of C5 isoparaffins and C6 isoparaffins is not less than 15 wt%;

[0012] Relative to the total weight of the composition, the weight content of C4 alkanes is less than 3 wt%, and the weight content of C9 and above alkanes is less than 5 wt%.

[0013] The inventors of the present invention have found in their research that when the above conditions are met, it is possible to obtain aviation gasoline No. 95 (the motor octane number of aviation gasoline is not less than 95, i.e. No. 95) that meets the use requirements without adding metal compounds (especially lead-containing compounds), nitrogen-containing compounds and oxygen-containing compounds that have never been used in aviation gasoline standards, which is more environmentally friendly. And the components therein can be basically pure hydrocarbons, and they are all common components in the gasoline pool, so that uncommon components in gasoline will not be introduced, so there is no need for complex use research (such as research on the impact on the engine) in the future. It can be understood that alkanes of C9 and above refer to alkanes containing 9 carbon atoms or more carbon atoms.

[0014] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of C5 isoalkanes is 8-10 (for example, it can be 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10 and the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the values ​​within the range) wt% relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0015] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of C8 isoparaffins is 60-75 (for example, it can be 60, 62, 65, 68, 70, 73, 75 and the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the values ​​within the range) wt% relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0016] According to the present invention, preferably, relative to the total weight of the composition, the composition contains not less than 1 wt% of C8 and above aromatic hydrocarbons, and the weight content of C8 and above aromatic hydrocarbons is preferably not higher than 35 wt%, more preferably 5-15 (for example, it can be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the values ​​within the range) wt%.

[0017] The inventors of the present invention have further discovered in their research that when the above conditions are met, the performance of the aviation gasoline composition can be further improved overall (including having a higher octane number while the distillation range can still meet the index requirements).

[0018] According to the present invention, preferably, the aromatic hydrocarbons of C8 and above are selected from at least one of the aromatic hydrocarbons of C8-C9, preferably selected from one or more of xylene, ethylbenzene, cumene, and mesitylene, more preferably cumene and / or mesitylene. Compared with the existing aviation gasoline, the scheme provided by the present invention can also meet the performance requirements without using toluene, which has a relatively high toxicity.

[0019] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of C4 alkanes is not higher than 1 wt % relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition may contain or not contain C4 alkanes.

[0020] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of C9 and above alkanes is not higher than 3 wt % relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition may or may not contain C9 and above alkanes.

[0021] According to the present invention, preferably, the sum of the weight contents of C5 isoparaffins and C6 isoparaffins is 16-20 (for example, it can be 16, 16.5, 17, 17.5, 18, 18.5, 19, 19.5, 20 and the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the values ​​within the range) wt%.

[0022] According to the present invention, preferably, the composition contains 6-12 (for example, it can be 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and ranges formed by any two of the above values ​​and values ​​within the range) wt% of C6 isoalkanes relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0023] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of C7 isoparaffins in the composition is lower than 5 wt%, more preferably not higher than 3.5 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0024] When the above conditions are met, the various properties of aviation gasoline can be better taken into account and it also has a higher octane number.

[0025] Among them, C4 alkanes may include normal butane and / or isobutane; the isoalkane of C5 is isopentane; the types of C6-C8 isoalkane and the proportion of each isomer are also not particularly limited, for example, the isoalkane of C6 may include but is not limited to dimethylbutane and / or methylpentane; the isoalkane of C7 may be dimethylpentane, such as 2,4-dimethylpentane; the isoalkane of C8, that is, isooctane, may be a mixture of various non-normal alkanes with 8 carbon atoms; C9 and above alkanes, preferably C9 and above isoalkane, the specific types and proportions of each isomer are also not particularly limited, for example, it may include monomethyl substituted or polymethyl substituted hydrocarbons containing 9 or more carbon atoms (such as 2,2,5-trimethylhexane).

[0026] According to the present invention, preferably, the composition further comprises an antioxidant, so that the oxidation of aviation gasoline can be delayed during use.

[0027] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of the antioxidant is 2-12 (for example, it can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the value within the range) mg / L relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition. The amount of antioxidant added is very small, so it will not have a significant effect on the performance of the product. Generally, the performance of the composition can be measured before adding the antioxidant.

[0028] According to the present invention, preferably, the antioxidant is at least one selected from 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, more preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

[0029] According to the present invention, preferably, the composition does not contain metal compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds and oxygen-containing compounds, which is more environmentally friendly and does not contain components that are not used in aviation gasoline standards.

[0030] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aviation gasoline composition contains only the components mentioned above.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the aviation gasoline composition of the first aspect, the method comprising: first mixing the various hydrocarbons. Mixing the various hydrocarbons mentioned in the first aspect.

[0032] Preferably, the first mixture obtained by the first mixing is mixed with an antioxidant, wherein the specific type of the antioxidant and the content of the antioxidant after mixing are as described in the first aspect.

[0033] The above hydrocarbons may be derived from relatively pure chemicals or from mixtures containing the above hydrocarbons produced in the field of petroleum refining or synthetic fuels, such as alkylated gasoline, Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, etc. In general, alkylated gasoline and Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil contain the hydrocarbons described in the present invention, and other impurities are not significantly introduced. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, preferably, at least part of the hydrocarbons are provided by alkylated gasoline and / or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil.

[0034] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, relative to the total weight of the unleaded aviation gasoline composition, the weight content of C4 alkanes is 0-1wt%, the weight content of C5 isoalkanes is 8-10wt%, the weight content of C6 isoalkanes is 8-10wt%, the weight content of C7 isoalkanes is 0-3.5wt%, the weight content of C8 isoalkanes is 62-75wt%, the weight content of C9 and above alkanes is 0-3wt%, the weight content of C8 and above aromatics is 5-15wt%, and the weight content of antioxidant is 9-11 mg / L.

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, in the following formulas, n-butane is used as the C4 alkane, isopentane is used as the C5 isoalkane, 2,3-dimethylbutane is used as the C6 isoalkane, 2,4-dimethylpentane is used as the C7 isoalkane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane is used as the C8 isoalkane, and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane is used as the C9 isoalkane. The above chemicals, toluene, p-xylene, cumene, and mesitylene are from Beijing Inokai Technology Co., Ltd.

[0037] Recipe 1-17

[0038] The above chemicals were used to prepare aviation gasoline compositions of formulas 1-16, as shown in Table 1.

[0039] The aviation gasoline composition of Formula 17 is prepared by mixing isopropylbenzene, a mixture of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and various other non-normal alkanes with carbon atoms of 8 as C8 isoalkanes, and alkylated gasoline from Sinopec.

[0040] Table 1

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Test Example 1

[0044] For a new aviation gasoline, the physical and chemical properties that are first examined may be motor octane number, distillation range and other related properties. Other properties are usually easy to meet the index requirements, especially when using common components in the gasoline pool. Therefore, the octane number and distillation range related properties of the aviation gasoline compositions of formulas 1-16 were determined using the corresponding methods specified in GB 1787-2018. The results are shown in Table 2 and compared with the corresponding quality indicators of No. 95 aviation gasoline in GB 1787-2018 (taking ≮95 as an example, indicating not less than 95; ≯80 indicating not more than 80).

[0045] Table 2

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Among them, formulas 1-4, 7, and 12 do not meet claim 1 of the present invention. It can be seen that the solutions that are not within the scope of the present invention have at least one property that cannot meet the requirements.

[0049] It can be seen that the formulas 5-6, 8-11, 13-17 of the solution provided by the present invention can meet the standard requirements for No. 95 gasoline, especially the formulas 5, 9, 11, 13, and 17 that meet the particularly preferred conditions, all of which obviously meet the index requirements and do not have the edge jamming situation. (Including having a higher octane number). Among them, in combination with formula 14, it can be seen that the solution provided by the present invention can obtain a higher octane number when toluene is not used, and can also reduce toxicity.

[0050] Test Example 2

[0051] The antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol was added to the aviation gasoline compositions prepared from Formula 5 and Formula 17, and mixed evenly, so that the content of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol in the final aviation gasoline composition was about 10 mg / L. Since the amount of the antioxidant was very small, it can be considered that the content of each component in the final aviation gasoline composition is no different from that in Table 1.

[0052] The other properties of the aviation gasoline composition after adding the antioxidant were analyzed in GB 1787-2018. All the results are shown in Table 3.

[0053] Table 3

[0054]

[0055] From the above results, it can be seen that the aviation gasoline composition provided by the present invention is basically composed of pure hydrocarbon components, and can obtain No. 95 aviation gasoline with various indicators that meet the use requirements without any metal compounds (especially lead), nitrogen-containing compounds and oxygen-containing compounds, which is more environmentally friendly. In addition, it does not contain uncommon components in the gasoline pool, so there is no need for complex performance research (such as whether it has additional effects on the engine), and it has more potential for practical application.

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aviation gasoline composition, characterized in that: The composition contains 6-12 wt% of C5 isoparaffins and 45-80 wt% of C8 isoparaffins relative to the total weight of the composition, wherein the sum of the weight contents of C5 isoparaffins and C6 isoparaffins is not less than 15 wt%; Relative to the total weight of the composition, the weight content of C4 alkanes is less than 3 wt%, and the weight content of C9 and above alkanes is less than 5 wt%.

2. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1, wherein: The weight content of C5 isoparaffins is 8-10 wt% relative to the total weight of the composition.

3. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1, wherein: The weight content of C8 isoparaffins is 60-75 wt % relative to the total weight of the composition.

4. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The composition contains not less than 1 wt% of C8 and above aromatic hydrocarbons relative to the total weight of the composition, and the weight content of C8 and above aromatic hydrocarbons is preferably not higher than 35 wt%, more preferably 5-15 wt%.

5. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 4, wherein: The aromatic hydrocarbons of C8 and above are selected from at least one of the aromatic hydrocarbons of C8-C9, preferably selected from one or more of xylene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene and mesitylene, more preferably isopropylbenzene and / or mesitylene.

6. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1, wherein: The weight content of C4 alkanes is not higher than 1 wt% relative to the total weight of the composition.

7. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: The weight content of C9 and above alkanes is not higher than 3 wt % relative to the total weight of the composition.

8. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1, wherein: The sum of the weight contents of C5 isoparaffins and C6 isoparaffins is 16-20 wt%.

9. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 8, wherein: The composition contains 6-12 wt% of C6 isoparaffins relative to the total weight of the composition; And / or, the weight content of C7 isoparaffins in the composition is lower than 5 wt%, preferably not higher than 3.5 wt%, relative to the total weight of the composition.

10. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: The composition also includes an antioxidant.

11. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 10, wherein: The weight content of the antioxidant is 2-12 mg / L relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition; And / or, the antioxidant is at least one selected from 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

12. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The composition does not contain metal compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds and oxygen-containing compounds.

13. A method for preparing the aviation gasoline composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The method includes: first mixing the hydrocarbons.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The method further includes: mixing the first mixture obtained by the first mixing with an antioxidant.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: At least part of the hydrocarbons are provided by alkylate gasoline and / or Fischer-Tropsch oil.

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