Aviation gasoline composition and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of aviation fuel, and discloses an aviation gasoline composition and a preparation method thereof. Relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition, the aviation gasoline composition contains the following components in percentage by weight: 7 to 25 percent of C5 isoparaffin, 55 to 85 percent of C8 isoparaffin, 1 to 20 percent of C8-C9 aromatic hydrocarbon and 0.025 to 0.25 percent of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, wherein relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition, the weight content of C4 alkane is not higher than 2wt%. The aviation gasoline composition can meet the use requirements under the conditions of no lead, no nitrogen-containing compound and simple components, is more environment-friendly and has a better practical application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aviation fuel, and in particular to an aviation gasoline composition and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The current standard for aviation gasoline is GB 1787-2018 Aviation Piston Engine Fuel. The standard specifies five types of aviation gasoline, of which No. 95 and No. 100 are leaded gasoline. Generally, the octane number can be increased by adding additives to the base gasoline, such as the commonly used tetraethyl lead. However, due to the serious toxicity and environmental pollution of lead, it cannot meet the more stringent environmental protection and safety requirements in the future.

[0003] At present, both domestic and foreign countries are developing high-grade (i.e. high-octane number) unleaded aviation gasoline, which is mainly divided into two types. One type uses a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons as a blending component, requiring the aromatic hydrocarbon content to be no less than 70%, and the fuel motor octane number can reach more than 102, as described in CN114149836A and standard ASTM D7719. However, since the use of a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons will inevitably have an adverse effect on the combustion performance and evaporation performance, this fuel is only used as a test fuel.

[0004] Another way is to use amines as blending components, and the fuel motor octane can also reach above 102. For example, CN104593098B uses aniline as a blending component. However, due to the large number of amine components, there is also great uncertainty in its toxicity, corrosiveness, flammability, and nitrogen oxide emissions, and it has not formed practical application capabilities.

[0005] Therefore, it is also necessary to develop a more environmentally friendly aviation gasoline that has low aromatic content, is amine-free, and has relatively simple ingredients and meets the index requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art and to provide an aviation gasoline composition and a preparation method thereof. The aviation gasoline composition can meet the index requirements while being lead-free, nitrogen-containing compounds-free, and having simple components, and is more environmentally friendly and has more practical application prospects.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a No. 100 aviation gasoline composition, which contains 7-25wt% of C5 isoalkanes, 55-85wt% of C8 isoalkanes, 1-20wt% of C8-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, and 0.025-0.25wt% of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition;

[0008] Wherein, the weight content of C4 alkanes is not higher than 2wt% relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition.

[0009] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the aviation gasoline composition as described in the first aspect, the method comprising: first mixing various hydrocarbon components and methylcyclopentadiene manganese tricarbonyl.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme of the present invention, a No. 100 aviation gasoline composition that meets the use requirements can be obtained without lead, nitrogen-containing compounds (such as aromatic amines), and simple component types. For example, key indicators such as motor octane number, distillation range, vapor pressure, freezing point, calorific value, and vapor pressure fully meet the index requirements of the composition for No. 100LL (No. 100 low lead content) aviation gasoline in GB 1787-2018 "Aviation Piston Engine Fuel", and the aromatic hydrocarbons contained therein do not exceed the aromatic hydrocarbon requirements for No. 100LL aviation gasoline in GB 1787-2018. It can replace the existing leaded aviation gasoline and is more environmentally friendly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a No. 100 aviation gasoline composition, which contains 7-25 wt% of C5 isoalkanes, 55-85 wt% of C8 isoalkanes, 1-20 wt% of C8-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, and 0.025-0.25 wt% of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition;

[0013] Wherein, the weight content of C4 alkanes is not higher than 2wt% relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition.

[0014] The inventors of the present invention have found in their research that by adopting the above-mentioned scheme, a No. 100 aviation gasoline composition that meets the index requirements can be obtained without lead, nitrogen-containing compounds (including aromatic amines), and simple component types, which is more environmentally friendly.

[0015] According to the present invention, preferably, relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition, the aviation gasoline composition contains 9-15 (for example, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the value within the range) wt% of C5 isoparaffins, 60-75 (for example, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 and the value within the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the value within the range) wt% of C8 isoparaffins, and 2-15 (for example, 2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and the value within the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the value within the range) wt% of C8-C9 aromatics. Within the above range, it can be ensured that the aviation gasoline composition has better overall performance (such as a higher octane number).

[0016] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of C4 alkanes is not higher than 1.5wt%, more preferably not higher than 1wt%, relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition. The aviation gasoline composition may contain or not contain C4 alkanes. When contained, the content meets the above requirements, which can further ensure the overall performance of the aviation gasoline composition.

[0017] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of C9 and above alkanes is not higher than 2wt% relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition. It can be understood that C9 and above alkanes, i.e. alkanes with 9 or more carbon atoms. The aviation gasoline composition may or may not contain C9 and above alkanes. When contained, the content is within the above range, which can further ensure the overall performance of the aviation gasoline composition.

[0018] According to the present invention, preferably, the aviation gasoline composition contains 77-96 wt%, more preferably 82-95 (for example, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 and ranges formed by any two of the above values ​​and values ​​within the range) wt% of C5-C8 isoparaffins relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition. That is, it may contain C5, C6, C7 and C8 isoparaffins, and the total content meets the above requirements, which can further ensure the overall performance of the aviation gasoline composition.

[0019] According to the present invention, preferably, the C8-C9 aromatic hydrocarbon is selected from at least one of xylene, ethylbenzene, cumene and mesitylene, and more preferably cumene and / or mesitylene. By adopting the scheme of the present invention, it is possible to obtain aviation gasoline with satisfactory performance without using toluene, which has high toxicity.

[0020] Among them, the C4 alkane can be a normal and / or isomeric alkane of C4; the C5 isomeric alkane is isopentane; the types of C6-C8 isomeric alkanes and the proportions of each isomer are not particularly limited. Taking the C8 isomeric alkane as an example, it can be a mixture of various non-normal alkanes with 8 carbon atoms; the C9 and above alkanes can be isomeric alkanes of C9 and above, and the specific types and proportions of each isomer are not particularly limited.

[0021] According to the present invention, preferably, the aviation gasoline composition further comprises an antioxidant, so that the oxidation of the aviation gasoline can be delayed during use.

[0022] According to the present invention, preferably, the antioxidant is at least one selected from 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, more preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

[0023] According to the present invention, preferably, the weight content of the antioxidant is 2-12 (for example, it can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and the range formed by any two of the above values ​​and the value within the range) mg / L relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition. The amount of antioxidant added is very small, so it will not have a significant effect on the performance of the product. Generally, the performance of the composition can be measured before adding the antioxidant.

[0024] According to the present invention, preferably, the aviation gasoline composition does not contain toluene, nitrogen-containing compounds and lead-containing compounds, which is more environmentally friendly.

[0025] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aviation gasoline composition contains only the components mentioned above.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the aviation gasoline composition as described in the first aspect, the method comprising: first mixing various hydrocarbon components and methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl.

[0027] The various hydrocarbon components may be mixed first and then mixed with methylcyclopentadiene manganese tricarbonyl; or the various hydrocarbon components and methylcyclopentadiene manganese tricarbonyl may be mixed together.

[0028] According to the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises: performing a second mixing of the first mixture obtained by the first mixing with an antioxidant, wherein the specific type of the antioxidant and the content of the antioxidant after mixing are as described in the first aspect.

[0029] According to the present invention, preferably, the first mixing and the second mixing are performed in a light-proof container, so as to avoid the performance change of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl due to light instability.

[0030] Among them, the above-mentioned hydrocarbons can be derived from relatively pure chemicals, or from mixtures containing the above-mentioned hydrocarbons produced in the field of petroleum refining, such as alkylated gasoline or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil. Generally, alkylated gasoline or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil contains the hydrocarbons described in the present invention, and other impurities are not significantly introduced. According to the present invention, preferably, at least part of the hydrocarbon component is provided by alkylated gasoline or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil of a petroleum refinery. When using alkylated gasoline or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, other components such as isooctane (which can be provided by industrial isooctane), isopentane, and aromatics can be added at the same time to meet the content requirements in the first aspect.

[0031] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition, the weight content of C4 alkanes is 0.6-1wt%, the weight content of C5 isoalkanes is 9.5-15wt%, the weight content of C6 isoalkanes is 3-5wt%, the weight content of C7 isoalkanes is 3-5wt%, the weight content of C8 isoalkanes is 60-75wt%, the weight content of C9 and above alkanes is 1-2wt%, the weight content of C8 and above aromatics is 3-15wt%, the weight content of methylcyclopentadiene manganese tricarbonyl is 0.08-0.1wt%, and the weight content of antioxidant is 9-11 mg / L.

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below through examples.

[0033] In the following formula, the refinery alkylation gasoline, isooctane, isopentane, and C8-C9 aromatics are derived from Sinopec, and MMT (methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl) is derived from Beijing Inokai Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] Recipe 1-17

[0035] In a light-proof container, alkylated gasoline, industrial isooctane, isopentane and C8-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons are mixed to prepare aviation gasoline compositions whose component contents meet the conditions in Table 1.

[0036] Among them, the alkanes of C9 and above are isomeric alkanes of C9-C12. The aromatic hydrocarbons of C8-C9 of formulas 1-12 and 15-17 are cumene, the aromatic hydrocarbons of C8-C9 of formula 13 are mesitylene, and the aromatic hydrocarbons of C8-C9 of formula 14 are xylene.

[0037] Table 1

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Test Example 1

[0041] For a new aviation gasoline, the key physical and chemical properties to be examined are the motor octane number and distillation range related properties. Other properties are usually easy to meet the index requirements, especially when using common components in the gasoline pool. Therefore, for the above aviation gasoline compositions, the relevant properties are measured according to the method specified in GB1787-2018 and compared with the index requirements of 100LL aviation gasoline. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0042] Table 2

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Among them, formulas 4-6 and 15 are not within the scope of claim 1 of the present invention. It can be seen that the solutions that are not within the scope of claim 1 of the present invention have at least one property that cannot meet the use requirements.

[0046] In addition, mixing in a light-proof container can prevent the components from becoming unstable when exposed to light. For example, according to method 17, the difference is that the mixing is carried out in a transparent glass bottle, and it is found that yellow-brown solid particles are easily precipitated.

[0047] It can be seen from the above results that the formulations 1-3, 7-14, and 16-17 of the scheme provided by the present invention can obtain a No. 100 aviation gasoline composition that meets the use requirements without containing lead, nitrogen-containing compounds (such as aromatic amines), nitrogen, and having simple component types. In particular, the formulations 1, 9-13, and 16-17 of the more preferred scheme of the present invention have better overall performance of the aviation gasoline.

[0048] Test Example 2

[0049] The antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol (purchased from Beijing Inokai Technology Co., Ltd.) was added to the aviation gasoline compositions prepared from Formula 1, Formula 9, and Formula 12, and mixed evenly, so that the content of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol in the final aviation gasoline composition was about 10 mg / L. Since the amount of antioxidant was very small, it can be considered that the content of each component in the final aviation gasoline composition was no different from that in Table 1.

[0050] The other property analyses in GB 1787-2018 were performed on the aviation gasoline compositions after adding antioxidants. All the results are shown in Table 3.

[0051] Table 3

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] It can be seen from the above results that the scheme provided by the present invention can obtain a No. 100 aviation gasoline composition that meets the index requirements without lead, nitrogen-containing compounds (including aromatic amines), and simple component types, which is more environmentally friendly.

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A No. 100 aviation gasoline composition, characterized in that: Relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition, the aviation gasoline composition contains 7-25 wt% of C5 isoparaffins, 55-85 wt% of C8 isoparaffins, 1-20 wt% of C8-C9 aromatics, and 0.025-0.25 wt% of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl; Wherein, the weight content of C4 alkanes is not higher than 2wt% relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition.

2. The No. 100 aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1, wherein: Relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition, the aviation gasoline composition contains 9-15 wt% of C5 isoparaffins, 60-75 wt% of C8 isoparaffins, and 2-15 wt% of C8-C9 aromatics.

3. The No. 100 aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The weight content of C4 alkanes is not higher than 1.5 wt% relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition.

4. The No. 100 aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The weight content of C9 and above alkanes is not higher than 2 wt% relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition.

5. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The aviation gasoline composition contains 77-96 wt%, preferably 82-95 wt%, of C5-C8 isoparaffins relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition.

6. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The C8-C9 aromatic hydrocarbon is preferably selected from at least one of xylene, ethylbenzene, cumene and mesitylene, more preferably cumene and / or mesitylene.

7. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1, wherein: The aviation gasoline composition also includes an antioxidant.

8. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 7, wherein: The antioxidant is at least one selected from 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, and more preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

9. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The weight content of the antioxidant is 2-12 mg / L relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition; And / or, the aviation gasoline composition does not contain toluene, nitrogen-containing compounds and lead-containing compounds.

10. A method for preparing the aviation gasoline composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises: first mixing various hydrocarbon components and methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: The method further includes: performing a second mixing of the first mixture obtained by the first mixing and an antioxidant.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The first mixing and the second mixing are performed in a light-proof container; And / or, at least part of the hydrocarbon component is provided by alkylation gasoline or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil from a petroleum refinery.

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