PVT heat collector structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a PVT heat collector structure which enables the manufacturing difficulty to be reduced, enables the heat transfer of the whole structure to be good and improves the heat transfer efficiency. The device comprises a back plate which is of a flat plate structure; the runner plate comprises inlet and outlet channels corresponding to the two groups of main runners and a plurality of groups of branch runners, each group of main runners respectively corresponds to one inlet and outlet channel, an inlet and outlet hole is integrated on each group of inlet and outlet channel, a plurality of groups of branch runners are arranged on the surface of the runner plate, a baffle is arranged between every two adjacent branch runners, and the bottom of each baffle is a plane; and two groups of connectors. The bottom surface of the periphery of the runner plate is tightly attached to the upper surface of the back plate, the bottom of the partition of the runner plate is tightly attached to the upper surface of the back plate, a plurality of groups of branch runners are formed, the branch runners are arranged in an upward protruding mode relative to the partition of the runner plate, the adjacent branch runners are arranged in a mutually-isolated mode, and each inlet and outlet hole is provided with an outwards-protruding connector in a sealed mode; and the branch runners and the inlet and outlet channels of the runner plate are machined and formed through a mold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic thermal structures, and in particular to a PVT collector structure. Background Art

[0002] The PVT photovoltaic-thermal integrated system is an energy system that integrates photovoltaics and thermal energy. It not only generates electricity through photovoltaic cells, but also generates thermal energy by absorbing solar heat through PVT collector panels to heat hot water or other fluid media. It is a device that makes full use of solar energy.

[0003] In photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic cells can generate higher voltage at lower temperatures, so they have higher output power in cold environments. However, ordinary photovoltaic cells can only absorb sunlight, and the heat in it will accumulate on the photovoltaic cells. When the temperature rises, it will increase the recombination rate of electrons and holes, thereby reducing the output current of the battery, and the open circuit voltage and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery will decrease. While the PVT system converts solar energy into electrical energy, it takes away the heat of the battery through the cooling medium, generating both electrical and thermal energy benefits, and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy.

[0004] In the prior art, PVT collectors usually use conventional blown plates or round copper tubes. The blown process is difficult to process complex flow channel structures and has requirements for materials. Only some materials can be used, which is costly. The round copper tube has a simple structure, a very small overall contact surface with the photovoltaic backplane, poor heat transfer, and low overall efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a PVT collector structure, which reduces the difficulty of manufacturing and improves the heat transfer of the entire structure and the heat transfer efficiency.

[0006] A PVT collector structure, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] A back plate, which is a flat plate structure;

[0008] A flow channel plate, comprising inlet and outlet channels corresponding to two groups of main flow channels, and a plurality of groups of branch flow channels, each group of main flow channels corresponds to an inlet and outlet channel, and each group of inlet and outlet channels is integrated with an inlet and outlet hole, and a plurality of groups of branch flow channels are arranged on the surface of the flow channel plate, and baffles are arranged between adjacent branch flow channels, and the bottom of the baffles is a plane;

[0009] and two sets of connectors;

[0010] The bottom surfaces of the flow channel plate are arranged close to the upper surface of the back plate, the bottom of the baffle of the flow channel plate is close to the upper surface of the back plate, forming a plurality of branch flow channels, the branch flow channels are convexly arranged relative to the baffle of the flow channel plate, adjacent branch flow channels are isolated from each other, and each inlet and outlet hole is sealed with a convex connector;

[0011] The branch channels and inlet and outlet channels of the flow channel plate are obtained by mold processing.

[0012] It is further characterized by:

[0013] Each group of branch flow channels is an S-shaped flow channel, and each group of branch flow channels includes a first straight segment, a first bending segment, a second straight segment, a second bending segment, and a third straight segment. The first straight segment and the second straight segment are connected after turning 180° through the first bending segment, and the second straight segment and the third straight segment are connected after turning 180° through the second bending segment.

[0014] The inlet and outlet channel connected by the first straight line segment is a liquid inlet channel, and the width of the liquid inlet channel covers the width area formed by the combination of the first straight line segments of all branch channels; the inlet and outlet channel connected by the third straight line segment is a liquid outflow channel, and the width of the liquid outflow channel covers the width area formed by the combination of the third straight line segments of all branch channels;

[0015] Alternatively, the positions of the liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are interchanged, without affecting the normal operation of the entire structure;

[0016] All branch channels have the same cross-sectional area and the same flow channel length to ensure uniform and reliable flow.

[0017] The liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are arranged on both sides of the length direction of the flow channel plate and at different end positions, so that the combined flow channel fully utilizes the surface area of ​​the back plate and increases the heat exchange area;

[0018] The cross-sectional shape of the branch channel is a trapezoidal structure, and the upper and lower sides of the branch channel are arranged in parallel, so that the convex areas of the channel are combined to form an equivalent equal-height plane, so that the entire structure can be placed reliably;

[0019] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the branch channel is an isosceles trapezoid, so as to ensure that the force on the side plate on each side is uniform and reliable;

[0020] The outer convex surface of the liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel is a flat plate, and the height of the outer convex surface of the liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel is not lower than the outer convex height of the flow channel to ensure uniform inflow and outflow of the liquid;

[0021] The inlet and outlet holes corresponding to the liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are located in the corner areas of the corresponding positions of the flow channel, and the connectors are sleeved on the inlet and outlet holes to ensure that the exposed surface of the entire flow channel plate has a sufficiently large plane area to facilitate the placement of external mechanisms;

[0022] It also includes three openings, which are respectively the positive pole of the solar panel, the negative pole of the solar panel, and the middle junction box. The flow channel plate and the back plate corresponding to each opening are tightly welded around to ensure the sealing of the three openings and ensure that the liquid inside the collector does not leak;

[0023] The three openings are arranged in the width corresponding areas of the first straight segment, the second straight segment and the third straight segment formed by the combination of several groups of branch flow channels. The flow channel plate on the periphery of the welding plate corresponding to each opening is formed with a guide flow channel mechanism. Each guide flow channel mechanism includes a first converging flow channel, branch flow channels on both sides and a second converging flow channel. The first converging flow channel connects the first ends of the corresponding straight segments of all branch flow channels covered in its width direction. The branch flow channels on both sides are respectively located at the upper and lower positions of the welding plate corresponding to the opening. The second converging flow channel connects the second ends of the corresponding straight segments of all branch flow channels covered in its width direction. The first converging flow channel is connected to the second converging flow channel through the branch flow channels on both sides. The straight segments of the branch flow channels blocked by each opening and the surrounding welding plates are guided by the guide flow channel mechanism to establish a circulation channel, which allows the liquid to be evenly distributed to the corresponding branch flow channels again, ensuring uniform and reliable flow rate and flow rate.

[0024] A welding plate is provided in the flow channel plate area at the opening position. The shape of the welding plate is rectangular. The welding connection between the welding plate and the back plate ensures the sealing of the periphery of the opening.

[0025] After adopting the technology of the present invention, the branch flow channel and its inlet and outlet channels are obtained by mold processing and molding. The bottom surfaces of the flow channel plate are arranged close to the upper surface of the back plate, and the bottom of the baffle of the flow channel plate is close to the upper surface of the back plate to form a plurality of groups of branch flow channels. The branch flow channels are convexly arranged relative to the baffle of the flow channel plate. Adjacent branch flow channels are isolated from each other. Liquid is injected into the inlet and outlet flow channels through one of the connectors, and then the liquid flows sequentially along the branch flow channels until it flows out from the connector of another inlet and outlet flow channel. The liquid takes away the heat of the battery and generates both electrical and thermal energy benefits. Since the flow channel area of ​​the flow channel plate covers a large area in the center of the back plate, the heat exchange area of ​​the flow channel is relatively large, which leads to good heat transfer and good heat transfer efficiency of the entire structure. The flow channel plate is obtained by mold processing and molding, which is applicable to metal materials and partially heat-conductive plastic materials, thereby reducing the difficulty of production and thus reducing the production cost of the entire PTV collector structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the back plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the flow channel of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide channel mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0033] Opening 1;

[0034] Back plate 10, flow channel plate 20, branch channel 21, first straight segment 211, first bending segment 212, second straight segment 213, second bending segment 214, third straight segment 215, inlet and outlet holes 22, baffle 23, surrounding bottom surface 24, liquid inflow channel 25, liquid outflow channel 26, welding plate 27, guide channel mechanism 28, first confluence channel 281, branch channel 282, second confluence channel 283, connector 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] A PVT collector structure, see Figure 1-Figure 6 , which includes a back plate 10, a flow channel plate 20, and two sets of connectors 30;

[0036] The back plate 10 is a flat plate structure, and three openings 1 are preset at positions corresponding to the positive pole of the solar panel, the negative pole of the solar panel, and the intermediate junction box;

[0037] It includes two groups of inlet and outlet channels corresponding to the main channels, and a plurality of groups of branch channels 21. Each group of main and branch channels 21 corresponds to an inlet and outlet channel, and each group of inlet and outlet channels is integrated with an inlet and outlet hole 22. The surface of the flow channel plate 20 is provided with a plurality of groups of branch channels 21. A baffle 23 is provided between adjacent branch channels 21, and the bottom of the baffle 23 is a plane.

[0038] The bottom surface 24 of the flow channel plate 20 is arranged close to the upper surface of the back plate 10, and the bottom of the baffle 23 of the flow channel plate 20 is close to the upper surface of the back plate 10 to form a plurality of branch flow channels. The bottom surface of the flow channel plate 20, the baffle 23 and the contact surface of the back plate 10 are welded by welding equipment to ensure the overall sealing. The branch flow channels 21 are convexly arranged relative to the baffle 23 of the flow channel plate 20, and the adjacent branch flow channels 21 are isolated from each other. Each inlet and outlet hole 22 is sealed with a convex connector 30;

[0039] The branch channel 21 and the inlet and outlet channels of the flow channel plate 20 are formed by mold processing; when the flow channel plate 20 is made of metal, the flow channel plate 20 is obtained by stamping a metal sheet; when the flow channel plate 20 is made of plastic, the flow channel plate 20 is obtained by injection molding or vacuum forming.

[0040] 14 to 20 S-shaped branch channels 21 are arranged on the surface of the channel plate 20 .

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the connector 30 is preferably a threaded connector, which is threadedly connected to the inlet and outlet holes 22, so that assembly is quick and convenient.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the entire PVT collector preferably has a size of 1100mm×2244mm (optional size 1127mm×2271mm). At this time, there are 16 S-shaped branch channels 21 arranged on the flow channel plate. The S-shaped arrangement can ensure that the length of each branch channel is consistent, ensuring uniform fluidity of the fluid in the branch channel 21.

[0043] Each group of branch channels 21 includes a first straight segment 211, a first bent segment 212, a second straight segment 213, a second bent segment 214, and a third straight segment 215. The first straight segment 211 and the second straight segment 213 are connected after turning 180° through the first bent segment 212, and the second straight segment 213 and the third straight segment 215 are connected after turning 180° through the second bent segment 214.

[0044] In a specific implementation, the inlet and outlet channel connected to the first straight line segment 211 is the liquid inlet channel 25, and the width of the liquid inlet channel 25 covers the width area formed by the combination of the first straight line segments 211 of the 16 flow channels. The inlet and outlet channel connected to the third straight line segment 215 is the liquid outflow channel 26, and the width of the liquid outflow channel 26 covers the width area formed by the combination of the third straight line segments 215 of the 16 flow channels.

[0045] Alternatively, the positions of the liquid inflow channel 25 and the liquid outflow channel 26 are interchanged without affecting the normal operation of the entire structure.

[0046] In specific implementation, the cross-sectional areas of all branch channels 21 are set to be the same, and the flow channel lengths of all branch channels 21 are the same, so as to ensure that the flow is uniform and reliable;

[0047] The liquid inflow channel 25 and the liquid outflow channel 26 are arranged on both sides of the length direction of the channel plate 20 and at different ends, so that the combined channel fully utilizes the surface area of ​​the back plate 10 and increases the heat exchange area;

[0048] The cross-sectional shape of the branch channel 21 is a trapezoidal structure, and the upper and lower sides of the branch channel 21 are arranged in parallel, so that the convex areas of the branch channel 21 are combined to form equivalent equal-height planes, so that the entire structure can be placed reliably.

[0049] In a specific implementation, the cross-sectional shape of the branch channel 21 is an isosceles trapezoid, which ensures that the force on each side of the side plate is uniform and reliable. The branch channel 21 is an isosceles trapezoidal channel that shrinks from the back plate area to the area away from the back plate 10;

[0050] The outer convex surface of the liquid inflow channel 25 and the liquid outflow channel 26 is a flat plate, and the outer convex surface of the liquid inflow channel 25 and the liquid outflow channel 26 is higher than the outer convex height of the flow channel to ensure uniform inflow and outflow of the liquid;

[0051] The inlet and outlet holes 22 corresponding to the liquid inflow channel 25 and the liquid outflow channel 26 are located in the corner areas of the corresponding positions of the flow channel plate 20. A connector 30 is provided on the inlet and outlet holes 22 to ensure that the exposed surface of the entire flow channel plate 20 has a sufficiently large plane area to facilitate the placement of external mechanisms.

[0052] In specific implementation, the three openings 1 are respectively the connection positions of the positive pole of the solar panel, the negative pole of the solar panel, and the intermediate junction box. The flow channel plate 20 and the back plate 10 corresponding to each opening 1 are tightly welded around to ensure the sealing of the three openings 1 and ensure that there is no leakage of the liquid inside the collector;

[0053] The three openings 1 are arranged in the width corresponding areas of the first straight line segment 211, the second straight line segment 213, and the third straight line segment 215 formed by the combination of several groups of flow channels. The flow channel plate 20 of the outer periphery of the welding plate 27 corresponding to each opening 1 is formed with a guide flow channel mechanism 28. Each guide flow channel mechanism 28 includes a first converging flow channel 281, branch flow channels 282 on both sides, and a second converging flow channel 283. The first converging flow channel 281 connects the first ends of the corresponding straight line segments of all the branch flow channels 21 covered in the width direction thereof, and the branch flow channels 282 on both sides are connected to the first ends of the corresponding straight line segments of all the branch flow channels 21 covered in the width direction thereof. 82 are respectively located at the upper and lower positions of the welding plate 27 corresponding to the opening 1, the second converging flow channel 283 connects the second ends of the corresponding straight segments of all the flow channels covered in the width direction, the first converging flow channel 281 is connected to the second converging flow channel 283 through the branch flow channels 282 on both sides, and the straight segments of the branch flow channels 21 blocked by each opening 1 and the surrounding welding plates 27 are guided by the guide flow channel mechanism 28 to establish a flow channel, which makes the liquid evenly distributed to the corresponding flow channel again, ensuring uniform and reliable flow rate and flow rate;

[0054] The area of ​​the flow channel plate 20 at the opening 1 position is provided with a welding plate 27 that protrudes upward by a certain distance. The welding plate 27 is rectangular in shape. The welding plate 27 and the upper part of the back plate 10 are tightly welded to ensure the sealing around the opening 1.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the shapes of the welding plates 27 corresponding to each opening 1 are the same, and each group of guide channel mechanisms 28 covers the width direction area of ​​6 groups of branch channels.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the number of branch channels 21 of the PVT collector is determined according to the actual flow rate of the PVT collector, the average flow velocity in each group of branch channels 21 is 0.4m / s to 0.8m / s, and the preferred design flow velocity is 0.6m / s; the total flow channel cross-sectional area of ​​the PVT collector should be the sum of all flow channel cross-sectional areas, and the preferred flow velocity is 0.6m / s.

[0057] The height of the trapezoidal inner cavity corresponding to the branch channel 21 is 1.5 mm to 2 mm, which ensures better flow and heat transfer effects.

[0058] During specific implementation, the flow direction of the liquid can be reversed according to actual conditions, and at this time, the positions of the liquid inflow channel 25 and the liquid outflow channel 26 are interchanged.

[0059] Its working principle is as follows: the branch channel and its inlet and outlet main channel are obtained through mold processing, the bottom surfaces of the flow channel plate are arranged close to the upper surface of the back plate, the bottom of the baffle of the flow channel plate is close to the upper surface of the back plate to form several groups of branch channels, and the branch channel is convexly arranged relative to the baffle of the flow channel plate, and the adjacent branch channels are isolated from each other. Liquid is injected into the inlet and outlet channels corresponding to the inlet main channel through one of the connectors, and then the liquid flows along the branch channel in sequence until it flows out from the connector of the outlet main channel corresponding to another inlet and outlet channel. The liquid takes away the heat of the battery and generates both electrical and thermal energy benefits. Since the flow channel area of ​​the flow channel plate covers a large area in the center of the back plate, the heat exchange area of ​​the flow channel is relatively large, which leads to good heat transfer and good heat transfer efficiency of the entire structure; and the flow channel plate can be formed by mold processing, which is applicable to metal materials and partially heat-conductive plastic materials, which reduces the difficulty of production and thus reduces the production cost of the entire PTV collector structure.

[0060] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0061] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A PVT collector structure, characterized in that: It includes: A back plate, which is a flat plate structure; A flow channel plate, comprising inlet and outlet channels corresponding to two groups of main flow channels, and a plurality of groups of branch flow channels, each group of main flow channels corresponds to an inlet and outlet channel, and each group of inlet and outlet channels is integrated with an inlet and outlet hole, and a plurality of groups of branch flow channels are arranged on the surface of the flow channel plate, and baffles are arranged between adjacent branch flow channels, and the bottom of the baffles is a plane; and two sets of connectors; The bottom surfaces of the flow channel plate are arranged close to the upper surface of the back plate, the bottom of the baffle of the flow channel plate is close to the upper surface of the back plate, forming a plurality of branch flow channels, the branch flow channels are convexly arranged relative to the baffle of the flow channel plate, adjacent branch flow channels are isolated from each other, and each inlet and outlet hole is sealed with a convex connector; The branch channels and the inlet and outlet channels of the flow channel plate are formed by mold processing.

2. A PVT collector structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of branch channels is an S-shaped channel, and each group of branch channels includes a first straight segment, a first bent segment, a second straight segment, a second bent segment, and a third straight segment. The first straight segment and the second straight segment are connected after turning 180° through the first bent segment, and the second straight segment and the third straight segment are connected after turning 180° through the second bent segment.

3. A PVT collector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet channel connected by the first straight line segment is a liquid inlet channel, and the width of the liquid inlet channel covers the width area formed by the combination of the first straight line segments of all branch channels; the inlet and outlet channel connected by the third straight line segment is a liquid outflow channel, and the width of the liquid outflow channel covers the width area formed by the combination of the third straight line segments of all branch channels; Or the positions of the liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are interchanged.

4. A PVT collector structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional areas of all branch flow channels are set to be the same, and the flow channel lengths of all branch flow channels are the same.

5. A PVT collector structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are arranged at two sides of the length direction of the flow channel plate and at different end positions.

6. A PVT collector structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the branch flow channel is a trapezoidal structure, and the upper and lower sides of the branch flow channel are arranged in parallel, so that the convex areas of the flow channel are combined to form an equivalent plane of equal height.

7. A PVT collector structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are arranged at two sides of the length direction of the flow channel plate and at different end positions.

8. A PVT collector structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer convex surfaces of the liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are flat plates, and the heights of the outer convex surfaces of the liquid inflow channel and the liquid outflow channel are not lower than the outer convex height of the flow channel.

9. A PVT collector structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes three openings, which are respectively the positive pole of the solar panel, the negative pole of the solar panel and the middle junction box. The flow channel plate and the back plate corresponding to each opening are tightly welded around.

10. A PVT collector structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three openings are arranged in the width corresponding areas of the first straight segment, the second straight segment and the third straight segment formed by the combination of several groups of branch channels. The flow channel plate on the periphery of the welding plate corresponding to each opening forms a guide flow channel mechanism. Each guide flow channel mechanism includes a first confluence flow channel, branch flow channels on both sides, and a second confluence flow channel. The first confluence flow channel connects the first ends of the corresponding straight segments of all branch channels covered in its width direction, and the branch flow channels on both sides are respectively located at the upper and lower positions of the welding plate corresponding to the opening. The second confluence flow channel connects the second ends of the corresponding straight segments of all branch channels covered in its width direction. The first confluence flow channel is connected to the second confluence flow channel through the branch flow channels on both sides. The straight segments of the branch channels blocked by each opening and the surrounding welding plates are guided by the guide flow channel mechanism to establish a circulation channel, which allows the liquid to be evenly distributed to the corresponding branch channels again.

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