Municipal engineering surveying and positioning method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering measurement, and discloses a municipal engineering measurement positioning method and system. The positioning method comprises the following specific use steps: S1, early-stage preparation and data collection; S2, control point layout and measurement; S3, midline and sideline lofting; S4, elevation control and measurement; according to the method, accurate key lines are ensured through midline lofting and precision control, a solid foundation is laid for follow-up construction, sideline lofting, calculation and marking are carried out, the construction boundary is effectively controlled, deviation is prevented, it is guaranteed that engineering is carried out according to design requirements, regular measurement and monitoring are carried out in the construction process, deviation is found and corrected in time, and the construction quality and progress are ensured; meanwhile, measurement data are recorded and analyzed in detail, a reliable basis is provided for project management and subsequent maintenance, and the measurement precision and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering measurement, and specifically relates to a municipal engineering measurement and positioning method and system. Background Art

[0002] The municipal engineering surveying and positioning method refers to the use of advanced surveying technology and equipment to accurately determine the key parameters of the project's geographical location, topography, location and elevation of structures and facilities in the construction of municipal engineering, so as to ensure the quality and safety of construction and meet the design requirements. The municipal engineering surveying and positioning system is a comprehensive system consisting of high-precision measuring instruments (such as total stations, GPS-RTK, etc.), measurement data processing software and data storage management modules, which can collect, process and analyze measurement data in real time, and provide accurate data support for the measurement and positioning of engineering projects. The application of this method and system can help improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency of municipal engineering and ensure the smooth progress of the project. Traditional engineering surveying technology mainly adopts 2+1 dimensional mapping, relying on instruments such as total stations, theodolites, and levels that require point-to-point visibility. It is not only restricted by terrain, inefficient, but also prone to errors. Although this top-down map mode can reflect the engineering measurement situation to a certain extent, it is limited by the two-dimensional perspective and it is difficult to intuitively display three-dimensional spatial information. In contrast, three-dimensional models have more advantages in engineering surveying and mapping because they can intuitively and richly express, analyze and simulate three-dimensional data, which is more in line with human three-dimensional thinking. However, the image matching process in the existing technology often produces mismatches in municipal engineering measurement due to interference from moving objects or similar feature point descriptors in the image, resulting in reduced matching accuracy, which in turn affects the accuracy of the measurement results. Therefore, improving the accuracy of image matching and reducing mismatches are the key to improving the accuracy of municipal engineering measurement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a municipal engineering measurement and positioning method and system to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a municipal engineering measurement and positioning method, the positioning method drives the specific use steps as follows: S1: Preliminary preparation and data collection: Familiarize yourself with the design documents and the site: read the design documents in depth, conduct on-site surveys of terrain and pipelines, assess the environment, and provide comprehensive information for measurement and positioning; S2: Control point layout and measurement: Design the control network, measure and calibrate the control points with high precision, ensure accuracy and properly protect them to prevent loss or deviation; S3: Centerline and sideline staking: Stake out the centerline according to the design drawing and mark it after ensuring accuracy; then calculate the sideline according to the centerline and mark it to control the construction boundary; S4: Elevation control and measurement: Establish an elevation control network to accurately measure the elevation of road pipelines to ensure that the construction meets the design requirements and avoid errors; S5: Measurement and monitoring during construction: Regularly measure and monitor key parameters during construction, correct deviations in a timely manner, record and analyze data to ensure that quality meets the design; S6: Structure and facility positioning measurement: accurately locate the structure according to the drawings, ensure the accuracy meets the standards, mark the location and record the data to provide a basis for subsequent construction acceptance; S7: Completion measurement and data collation: Conduct comprehensive completion measurement, analyze the results and ensure that the data is up to standard, and organize and archive the data to ensure that there is a basis for acceptance and maintenance.

[0005] Preferably, the preliminary preparation and data collection in S1 refers to the fact that before the municipal engineering survey, the primary task is to be in-depth familiar with the design documents and conduct on-site surveys, which includes a comprehensive and detailed study of the design drawings, technical specifications and design instructions to ensure a clear understanding of the overall layout, structural details, dimensional requirements and construction standards of the project. Then, professional personnel are organized to conduct on-site inspections of the construction site to understand the topography, geological conditions and the precise direction and depth of underground pipelines, while identifying and recording obstacles that affect construction. In addition, a comprehensive assessment of the climatic conditions, traffic conditions and safety environment of the construction site is also required to lay a solid foundation for subsequent measurement and positioning work, and to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results and the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0006] Preferably, the specific steps for control point layout and measurement in S2 are as follows: Step 1: Control network design According to the scale and accuracy requirements of the municipal project and the actual situation on site, a reasonable plane and elevation control network should be designed. In the design process, various factors in the construction process, such as terrain changes and construction activities, should be fully considered; Step 2: High-precision measurement and calibration Use GPS and total station high-precision measuring equipment to measure and calibrate control points in accordance with relevant specifications and design requirements. During the measurement process, ensure the accuracy and stability of the measuring equipment and strictly follow the measurement steps to avoid errors. After the measurement is completed, verify the accuracy of the control points to ensure that they meet the project requirements. Step 3: Control point protection Properly protect the control points to prevent them from being displaced or lost due to construction activities, human damage or natural factors. Set up protective signs, fences and monitoring measures to ensure the safety and stability of the control points during construction. At the same time, regularly inspect and maintain the control points to identify and address problems in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement benchmark.

[0007] Preferably, the specific steps of using the center line and side line lofting of S3 are as follows: Step 1: Centerline layout and precision control According to the centerline coordinates and curve parameter information in the design drawings, use the total station or GPS-RTK high-precision measurement equipment to lay out the key lines of the road centerline and pipeline centerline; During the layout process, the accuracy must be strictly controlled to ensure that the layout results meet the design requirements and avoid construction deviations caused by layout errors. After the layout is completed, the center line position should be clearly marked to provide a clear reference for subsequent construction; Step 2: Edge Staking and Calculation On the basis of centerline setting out, according to the design width and slope requirements, mathematical calculations or professional software are used to accurately calculate the road sideline and pipeline excavation sideline. The sideline setting out should be based on the centerline to ensure that the relative position relationship between the sideline and the centerline is accurate. Step 3: Edge marking and boundary control After calculating the edge position, use measuring equipment or hand tools to mark the edge position. The marking should be clear and accurate to ensure that the boundary range can be accurately controlled during construction. At the same time, the edges should be inspected and monitored regularly to promptly discover and correct boundary deviations during construction to ensure construction quality.

[0008] Preferably, the elevation control and measurement in S4 refers to the use of high-precision measuring equipment such as a level or a total station to establish an elevation control network, ensure that the accuracy of the control points meets the design requirements, and provide an accurate elevation benchmark for the entire project. Subsequently, according to the specific requirements in the design documents, elevation measurements are performed on key engineering parts of roads and pipelines to ensure that the elevation data of each part is accurate.

[0009] Preferably, the specific steps of using the measurement and monitoring during the construction process in S5 are as follows: Step 1: Regular measurement and monitoring During the construction process, the center line, side line, and elevation key parameters are measured and monitored using high-precision measurement equipment in strict accordance with the scheduled cycle; Step 2: Deviation Identification and Correction Once construction deviations are found, professionals will be immediately organized to conduct in-depth analysis to identify the causes and impact of the deviations. Then, effective corrective measures will be quickly formulated and implemented based on the analysis results. Step 3: Measurement data recording and analysis Keep detailed records of all measurement data during the construction process, including measurement time, measurement value, and measurement personnel information. At the same time, conduct in-depth analysis of the recorded data and summarize the changing patterns during the construction process.

[0010] Preferably, the specific steps of the positioning measurement of structures and facilities in S6 are as follows: Step 1: Accurate positioning according to the design drawings First, according to the detailed information on the location, size and elevation of the structures and facilities provided in the design drawings, use total stations and GPS high-precision measurement equipment to conduct precise positioning measurements; Step 2: Ensure positioning accuracy and check During the positioning measurement process, the measurement error must be strictly controlled to ensure that the positioning accuracy of structures and facilities meets the design requirements. After the positioning is completed, self-inspection and mutual inspection are carried out to ensure that there are no errors before proceeding to the next step; Step 3: Location marking and data recording The actual locations of structures and facilities should be clearly marked, such as by using spray paint or signboards, so that on-site construction personnel can clearly identify them. At the same time, relevant measurement data should be recorded in detail, including the location coordinates, elevation, and size information of the structures and facilities, to provide an accurate basis for subsequent construction and acceptance.

[0011] Preferably, the completion measurement and data collation in S7 refers to a comprehensive completion measurement when the project is completed, which includes accurate measurement and recording of key parameters such as road width, road elevation, pipeline position and elevation, to ensure that the accuracy of the measurement results strictly meets the design requirements and acceptance standards. Subsequently, the completion measurement data is deeply analyzed and compared with the design requirements and acceptance standards one by one. At the same time, the measurement data, drawings, and report related materials are carefully collected and collated. Finally, the collated materials are archived and managed.

[0012] Preferably, the system includes an image acquisition unit, an image analysis unit, a model building unit and an engineering measurement unit: The image acquisition unit is used to acquire continuous images of the municipal engineering project at various angles, and stop acquiring when there is no moving object in the image, so as to obtain an image of the municipal engineering project without moving objects at each angle; The image analysis unit is responsible for superpixel segmentation and feature point extraction of the obtained municipal engineering images without moving objects at each angle, determining the degree of distribution regularity of each superpixel block according to the angle of the feature points in each superpixel block in the municipal engineering images without moving objects, and matching according to the matching priority; The model building unit needs to match the municipal engineering image without moving objects at the current angle with the municipal engineering image without moving objects at the next angle according to the matching priority, repeat the matching process until the municipal engineering images without moving objects at all angles are matched, and build the municipal engineering three-dimensional model according to the matching results; The engineering measurement unit measures the municipal engineering according to the obtained three-dimensional model of the municipal engineering.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention ensures the accuracy of key lines through centerline layout and precision control, laying a solid foundation for subsequent construction; sideline layout, calculation and marking effectively control construction boundaries, prevent deviations, and ensure that the project is carried out according to design requirements; regular measurement and monitoring during the construction process can timely discover and correct deviations to ensure construction quality and progress; at the same time, detailed recording and analysis of measurement data can provide a reliable basis for project management and subsequent maintenance. Overall, this method not only improves measurement accuracy and efficiency, but also effectively prevents construction deviations, reduces rework costs, and improves the overall quality and safety of the project, providing a strong guarantee for the smooth progress of municipal engineering and the sustainable development of cities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a municipal engineering measurement and positioning method, and the positioning method drives the specific use steps as follows: S1: Preliminary preparation and data collection: Familiarize yourself with the design documents and the site: read the design documents in depth, conduct on-site surveys of terrain and pipelines, assess the environment, and provide comprehensive information for measurement and positioning; S2: Control point layout and measurement: Design the control network, measure and calibrate the control points with high precision, ensure accuracy and properly protect them to prevent loss or deviation; S3: Centerline and sideline staking: Stake out the centerline according to the design drawing and mark it after ensuring accuracy; then calculate the sideline according to the centerline and mark it to control the construction boundary; S4: Elevation control and measurement: Establish an elevation control network to accurately measure the elevation of road pipelines to ensure that the construction meets the design requirements and avoid errors; S5: Measurement and monitoring during construction: Regularly measure and monitor key parameters during construction, correct deviations in a timely manner, record and analyze data to ensure that quality meets the design; S6: Structure and facility positioning measurement: accurately locate the structure according to the drawings, ensure the accuracy meets the standards, mark the location and record the data to provide a basis for subsequent construction acceptance; S7: Completion measurement and data collation: Conduct comprehensive completion measurement, analyze the results and ensure that the data is up to standard, and organize and archive the data to ensure that there is a basis for acceptance and maintenance.

[0017] Implementing the above municipal engineering surveying process, from S1 to S7, can bring significant benefits. Preliminary preparation and data collection provide comprehensive information for surveying and positioning, ensuring a solid foundation for construction. Control point layout and measurement ensure measurement accuracy and lay a solid foundation for subsequent work. Centerline and sideline stakeout accurately mark the construction boundary and effectively guide the construction process. Elevation control and measurement avoid construction errors and ensure that road pipelines meet design requirements. Measurement monitoring during construction promptly discovers and corrects deviations to ensure project quality. The positioning measurement of structures and facilities is accurate and in place, providing a reliable basis for subsequent construction acceptance. Completion measurement and data collation ensure that acceptance and maintenance have a basis to rely on, and the data are complete and traceable. Overall, this process improves the measurement accuracy and construction efficiency of municipal engineering, ensures project quality and safety, provides strong support for subsequent maintenance management, and effectively promotes the smooth progress of municipal engineering.

[0018] Among them, the preliminary preparation and data collection in S1 refers to the fact that before the municipal engineering survey, the first task is to be deeply familiar with the design documents and conduct on-site investigations, which includes a comprehensive and detailed study of the design drawings, technical specifications and design instructions to ensure a clear understanding of the overall layout, structural details, size requirements and construction standards of the project. Then, professional personnel are organized to conduct on-site inspections of the construction site to understand the topography, geological conditions and the precise direction and depth of underground pipelines (such as water pipes, cables, optical cables, etc.), and identify and record obstacles that may affect the construction. In addition, a comprehensive assessment of the climate conditions, traffic conditions and safety environment of the construction site is required to lay a solid foundation for subsequent measurement and positioning work, and to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results and the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0019] The benefit of the preliminary preparation and data collection in S1 is that it can ensure an in-depth understanding of the design documents before the municipal engineering survey, and a clear grasp of the project details and requirements. Through on-site surveys, the topography, geological conditions and underground pipeline conditions can be accurately understood, construction obstacles can be identified, and the climate, traffic and safety environment can be assessed, providing a solid foundation for subsequent measurement and positioning. This step effectively prevents construction deviations, improves measurement accuracy, ensures smooth construction, and improves project quality and safety, laying an important foundation for the overall success of municipal engineering and ensuring that the project is completed on time and with quality.

[0020] The specific steps for control point layout and measurement in S2 are as follows: Step 1: Control network design According to the scale, accuracy requirements and actual site conditions of the municipal project, a reasonable plane and elevation control network is designed to ensure that the control network can cover the entire construction scope and provide an accurate and reliable benchmark for subsequent measurement work. In the design process, various factors in the construction process, such as terrain changes and construction activities, should be fully considered to ensure the stability and practicality of the control network.

[0021] Step 2: High-precision measurement and calibration Use high-precision measuring equipment such as GPS and total station to measure and calibrate control points in accordance with relevant specifications and design requirements. During the measurement process, ensure the accuracy and stability of the measuring equipment and strictly follow the measurement steps to avoid errors. After the measurement is completed, verify the accuracy of the control points to ensure that it meets the project requirements; Step 3: Control point protection Properly protect the control points to prevent them from being displaced or lost due to construction activities, human damage or natural factors. Set up protective signs, fences and monitoring measures to ensure the safety and stability of the control points during construction. At the same time, regularly inspect and maintain the control points to identify and address problems in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement benchmark.

[0022] The benefit of control point layout and measurement in S2 is that it can ensure the accuracy and reliability of municipal engineering measurement work. By reasonably designing the control network, covering the construction scope and providing benchmarks, and fully considering construction factors, the control network can be ensured to be stable and practical. High-precision measurement equipment ensures that the accuracy of control points meets engineering requirements and strict operation avoids errors. At the same time, control points are properly protected to prevent deviation or loss, and multiple protection measures are taken to ensure safety and stability during construction. Control points are regularly inspected and maintained, problems are discovered and handled in a timely manner, and the accuracy of measurement benchmarks is guaranteed, providing strong guarantees for the quality and progress of municipal engineering.

[0023] The specific steps for using the centerline and sideline stakeout of S3 are as follows: Step 1: Centerline layout and precision control According to the centerline coordinates and curve parameter information in the design drawings, use the total station or GPS-RTK high-precision measurement equipment to lay out key lines such as the centerline of the road and the centerline of the pipeline. During the layout process, the accuracy must be strictly controlled to ensure that the layout results meet the design requirements and avoid construction deviations caused by layout errors. After the layout is completed, the centerline position is clearly marked to provide a clear reference for subsequent construction.

[0024] Step 2: Edge Staking and Calculation On the basis of centerline layout, according to the design width and slope gradient requirements, use mathematical calculations or professional software to accurately calculate the edge line of the road and the excavation edge line of the pipeline. The edge line layout should be based on the center line to ensure that the relative position relationship between the edge line and the center line is accurate.

[0025] Step 3: Edge marking and boundary control After calculating the edge position, use measuring equipment or hand tools to mark the edge position. The marking should be clear and accurate to ensure that the boundary range can be accurately controlled during construction. At the same time, the edges should be inspected and monitored regularly to promptly discover and correct boundary deviations during construction to ensure construction quality.

[0026] In S3, the benefit of centerline and sideline staking is that it can ensure the precise positioning of key lines such as roads and pipelines, strictly control the staking accuracy through high-precision measuring equipment, and avoid construction deviations caused by errors. The sideline staking is carried out based on the centerline to ensure that the relative position relationship is accurate, and clear and accurate sideline markings provide clear boundary control for the construction process. In addition, regular inspection and monitoring of the sidelines, timely detection and correction of deviations, ensure construction quality and smooth progress of the project. This method improves construction efficiency and accuracy, and provides a strong guarantee for the overall quality and progress of the project.

[0027] Among them, the elevation control and measurement in S4 refers to the use of high-precision measuring equipment such as level or total station to establish an elevation control network, ensure that the accuracy of the control points meets the design requirements, and provide an accurate elevation benchmark for the entire project. Subsequently, according to the specific requirements in the design documents, the elevation of key engineering parts of roads and pipelines is measured to ensure that the elevation data of each part is accurate. This step is crucial to ensuring construction quality, because any elevation error may lead to construction deviation, which in turn affects the safety and stability of the project. Therefore, elevation control measurement must be rigorous and accurate to ensure the smooth progress of municipal engineering.

[0028] The specific steps of using the measurement and monitoring during the construction process in S5 are as follows: Step 1: Regular measurement and monitoring During the construction process, the center line, side line, and elevation key parameters are measured and monitored using high-precision measuring equipment in strict accordance with the predetermined cycle, ensuring that all parameters in the construction process are always consistent with the design requirements, and any possible deviations are discovered and handled in a timely manner.

[0029] Step 2: Deviation Identification and Correction Once construction deviations are discovered, professional personnel will be immediately organized to conduct in-depth analysis to identify the causes and impact of the deviations. Then, based on the analysis results, effective corrective measures will be quickly formulated and implemented to ensure that construction quality quickly returns to a state that meets design requirements and to avoid adverse effects of deviations on project quality.

[0030] Step 3: Measurement data recording and analysis Keep detailed records of all measurement data during the construction process, including measurement time, measurement value, and measurement personnel information. At the same time, conduct in-depth analysis of the recorded data and summarize the changing patterns during the construction process to provide a reliable basis for subsequent completion measurement and data compilation, and also provide valuable reference for the construction of similar projects.

[0031] The measurement and monitoring during the construction process in S5 can ensure that the construction parameters are consistent with the design requirements. Through regular high-precision measurements, deviations can be discovered and corrected in a timely manner to ensure the quality of construction. Detailed recording and analysis of measurement data not only provides a basis for subsequent completion measurement and data collation, but also provides valuable reference for similar projects. This method can effectively prevent construction quality problems, reduce rework costs, and improve the overall efficiency and quality of the project. At the same time, it enhances the controllability and traceability of the construction process, provides strong support for project management, and ensures that the project is completed smoothly and achieves the expected goals.

[0032] The specific steps of the structure and facility positioning measurement in S6 are as follows: Step 1: Accurate positioning according to the design drawings First, based on the detailed information on the location, size, and elevation of the structures and facilities provided in the design drawings, precise positioning measurements are performed using total stations, GPS, and other high-precision measuring equipment to ensure that the location of each structure and facility completely corresponds to the design drawings and meets the design requirements.

[0033] Step 2: Ensure positioning accuracy and check During the positioning measurement process, measurement errors must be strictly controlled to ensure that the positioning accuracy of structures and facilities meets the design requirements. After the positioning is completed, self-inspection and mutual inspection should be carried out to ensure that there are no errors before proceeding to the next step to avoid construction quality problems or safety hazards caused by positioning errors.

[0034] Step 3: Location marking and data recording The actual locations of structures and facilities should be clearly marked, such as by using spray paint or signboards, so that on-site construction personnel can clearly identify them. At the same time, relevant measurement data should be recorded in detail, including the location coordinates, elevation, and size information of the structures and facilities, to provide an accurate basis for subsequent construction and acceptance.

[0035] The benefit of positioning measurement of structures and facilities in S6 is that it can ensure that key parameters such as the location, size, and elevation of structures and facilities are completely consistent with the design drawings and meet the design requirements. Through high-precision measurement equipment and strict measurement error control, positioning accuracy is guaranteed, avoiding construction quality problems and safety hazards caused by positioning errors. At the same time, clear location markings and detailed measurement data records provide an accurate basis for subsequent construction and acceptance, which helps to improve project quality and construction efficiency. In addition, this method also improves the standardization and traceability of project management, providing strong support for project maintenance and management.

[0036] Among them, the completion measurement and data collation in S7 refers to the comprehensive completion measurement when the project is completed, which includes accurate measurement and recording of key parameters such as road width, road elevation, pipeline location and elevation, to ensure that the accuracy of the measurement results strictly meets the design requirements and acceptance standards. Subsequently, the completion measurement data is deeply analyzed, and the design requirements and acceptance standards are compared one by one to ensure that all parameters meet the standards. At the same time, the measurement data, drawings, and report related materials are carefully collected and collated to ensure the integrity, accuracy and traceability of the data. Finally, the collated data is archived and managed to provide a solid and reliable basis for subsequent project acceptance, maintenance management, etc., and also provide great convenience for the review and reference of subsequent projects.

[0037] The above content ensures the accurate measurement and recording of key parameters after the completion of the project, and ensures that the accuracy of the measurement results meets the design requirements and acceptance standards. Through in-depth analysis of the completion measurement data, it can be ensured that all parameters meet the standards and improve the quality of the project. In addition, the careful collection and organization of measurement data, drawings, reports and other materials ensures the integrity, accuracy and traceability of the data, providing a solid and reliable basis for subsequent project acceptance, maintenance management, etc., and also greatly facilitates the review and reference of subsequent projects, which helps to improve the overall efficiency and level of project management.

[0038] The system includes an image acquisition unit, an image analysis unit, a model building unit and an engineering measurement unit: The image acquisition unit is used to acquire continuous images of the municipal engineering project at various angles, and stop acquiring when there is no moving object in the image, so as to obtain an image of the municipal engineering project without moving objects at each angle; The image analysis unit is responsible for superpixel segmentation and feature point extraction of the obtained municipal engineering images without moving objects at each angle, determining the degree of distribution regularity of each superpixel block according to the angle of the feature points in each superpixel block in the municipal engineering images without moving objects, and matching according to the matching priority; The model building unit needs to match the municipal engineering image without moving objects at the current angle with the municipal engineering image without moving objects at the next angle according to the matching priority, repeat the matching process until the municipal engineering images without moving objects at all angles are matched, and build the municipal engineering three-dimensional model according to the matching results; The engineering measurement unit measures the municipal engineering according to the obtained three-dimensional model of the municipal engineering.

[0039] The above-mentioned image acquisition, analysis, model building and engineering measurement units can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of municipal engineering measurement. By continuously acquiring municipal engineering images without moving objects, and performing superpixel segmentation and feature point extraction, the structural features of municipal engineering can be accurately identified. Multi-angle image matching using matching priority can efficiently construct a three-dimensional model of municipal engineering. This model not only provides an intuitive and accurate reference for engineering measurement, but also reduces human measurement errors and ensures construction quality and safety. In addition, this method also has a high degree of automation, which reduces the workload of surveyors and improves work efficiency.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method, characterized in that: The specific steps of using this positioning method are as follows: S1: Preliminary preparation and data collection: Familiarize yourself with the design documents and the site: read the design documents in depth, conduct on-site surveys of terrain and pipelines, assess the environment, and provide comprehensive information for measurement and positioning; S2: Control point layout and measurement: Design the control network, measure and calibrate the control points with high precision, ensure accuracy and properly protect them to prevent loss or deviation; S3: Centerline and sideline setting out: Set out the centerline according to the design drawing and mark it after ensuring accuracy; Then calculate the sideline based on the centerline and mark it to control the construction boundary; S4: Elevation control and measurement: Establish an elevation control network to accurately measure the elevation of road pipelines to ensure that the construction meets the design requirements and avoid errors; S5: Measurement and monitoring during construction: Regularly measure and monitor key parameters during construction, correct deviations in a timely manner, record and analyze data to ensure that quality meets the design; S6: Structure and facility positioning measurement: accurately locate the structure according to the drawings, ensure the accuracy meets the standards, mark the location and record the data to provide a basis for subsequent construction acceptance; S7: Completion measurement and data collation: Conduct comprehensive completion measurement, analyze the results and ensure that the data is up to standard, and organize and archive the data to ensure that there is a basis for acceptance and maintenance.

2. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preliminary preparation and data collection mentioned in S1 refers to the fact that before the municipal engineering survey, the first task is to be deeply familiar with the design documents and conduct on-site investigations, which includes a comprehensive and detailed study of the design drawings, technical specifications and design instructions to ensure a clear understanding of the overall layout, structural details, dimensional requirements and construction standards of the project. Then, professional personnel are organized to conduct on-site inspections of the construction site to understand the topography, geological conditions and the precise direction and depth of underground pipelines, while identifying and recording obstacles that affect construction. In addition, a comprehensive assessment of the climate conditions, traffic conditions and safety environment of the construction site is required to lay a solid foundation for subsequent measurement and positioning work, and to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results and the smooth progress of the construction process.

3. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for control point layout and measurement in S2 are as follows: Step 1: Control network design According to the scale and accuracy requirements of the municipal project and the actual situation on site, a reasonable plane and elevation control network should be designed. In the design process, various factors in the construction process, such as terrain changes and construction activities, should be fully considered; Step 2: High-precision measurement and calibration Use GPS and total station high-precision measuring equipment to measure and calibrate control points in accordance with relevant specifications and design requirements. During the measurement process, ensure the accuracy and stability of the measuring equipment and strictly follow the measurement steps to avoid errors. After the measurement is completed, verify the accuracy of the control points to ensure that they meet the project requirements. Step 3: Control point protection Properly protect the control points to prevent them from being displaced or lost due to construction activities, human damage or natural factors. Set up protective signs, fences and monitoring measures to ensure the safety and stability of the control points during construction. At the same time, regularly inspect and maintain the control points to identify and address problems in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement benchmark.

4. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for using the centerline and sideline stakeout of S3 are as follows: Step 1: Centerline layout and precision control According to the centerline coordinates and curve parameter information in the design drawings, use the total station or GPS-RTK high-precision measurement equipment to lay out the key lines of the road centerline and pipeline centerline; During the layout process, the accuracy must be strictly controlled to ensure that the layout results meet the design requirements and avoid construction deviations caused by layout errors. After the layout is completed, the center line position should be clearly marked to provide a clear reference for subsequent construction; Step 2: Edge Stakeout and Calculation On the basis of centerline setting out, according to the design width and slope requirements, mathematical calculations or professional software are used to accurately calculate the road sideline and pipeline excavation sideline. The sideline setting out should be based on the centerline to ensure that the relative position relationship between the sideline and the centerline is accurate. Step 3: Edge marking and boundary control After calculating the edge position, use measuring equipment or hand tools to mark the edge position. The marking should be clear and accurate to ensure that the boundary range can be accurately controlled during construction. At the same time, the edges should be inspected and monitored regularly to promptly discover and correct boundary deviations during construction to ensure construction quality.

5. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevation control and measurement in S4 refers to the use of high-precision measuring equipment such as levels or total stations to establish an elevation control network, ensure that the accuracy of the control points meets the design requirements, and provide an accurate elevation benchmark for the entire project. Subsequently, according to the specific requirements in the design documents, elevation measurements are performed on key engineering parts of roads and pipelines to ensure that the elevation data of each part is accurate.

6. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of using the measurement and monitoring during the construction process in S5 are as follows: Step 1: Regular measurement and monitoring During the construction process, the center line, side line, and elevation key parameters are measured and monitored using high-precision measurement equipment in strict accordance with the scheduled cycle; Step 2: Deviation Identification and Correction Once construction deviations are found, professionals will be immediately organized to conduct in-depth analysis to identify the causes and impact of the deviations. Then, effective corrective measures will be quickly formulated and implemented based on the analysis results. Step 3: Measurement data recording and analysis Keep detailed records of all measurement data during the construction process, including measurement time, measurement value, and measurement personnel information. At the same time, conduct in-depth analysis of the recorded data and summarize the changing patterns during the construction process.

7. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the structure and facility positioning measurement in S6 are as follows: Step 1: Accurate positioning according to the design drawings According to the detailed information on the location, size and elevation of the structures and facilities provided in the design drawings, use total stations and GPS high-precision measurement equipment to conduct precise positioning measurements; Step 2: Ensure positioning accuracy and check During the positioning measurement process, the measurement error must be strictly controlled to ensure that the positioning accuracy of structures and facilities meets the design requirements. After the positioning is completed, self-inspection and mutual inspection are carried out to ensure that there are no errors before proceeding to the next step; Step 3: Location marking and data recording The actual locations of structures and facilities should be clearly marked, such as by using spray paint or signboards, so that on-site construction personnel can clearly identify them. At the same time, relevant measurement data should be recorded in detail, including the location coordinates, elevation, and size information of the structures and facilities, to provide an accurate basis for subsequent construction and acceptance.

8. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The completion measurement and data collation in S7 refers to the comprehensive completion measurement when the project is completed, which includes the precise measurement and recording of key parameters such as road width, road elevation, pipeline location and elevation, to ensure that the accuracy of the measurement results strictly meets the design requirements and acceptance standards. Subsequently, the completion measurement data is deeply analyzed and compared with the design requirements and acceptance standards one by one. At the same time, the measurement data, drawings, reports and related materials are carefully collected and collated. Finally, the collated data is archived and managed.

9. A municipal engineering measurement and positioning system, characterized in that :The system includes an image acquisition unit, an image analysis unit, a model building unit and an engineering measurement unit: The image acquisition unit is used to acquire continuous images of the municipal engineering project at various angles, and stop acquiring when there is no moving object in the image, so as to obtain an image of the municipal engineering project without moving objects at each angle; The image analysis unit is responsible for superpixel segmentation and feature point extraction of the obtained municipal engineering images without moving objects at each angle, determining the degree of distribution regularity of each superpixel block according to the angle of the feature points in each superpixel block in the municipal engineering images without moving objects, and matching according to the matching priority; The model building unit needs to match the municipal engineering image without moving objects at the current angle with the municipal engineering image without moving objects at the next angle according to the matching priority, repeat the matching process until the municipal engineering images without moving objects at all angles are matched, and build the municipal engineering three-dimensional model according to the matching results; The engineering measurement unit measures the municipal engineering according to the obtained three-dimensional model of the municipal engineering.

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