Rectifying circuit, wireless energy receiving device and wireless energy transmission system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a rectifying circuit, a wireless energy receiving device and a wireless energy transmission system, relates to the technical field of electronics, and solves the problem of relatively high implementation cost of a rectifying circuit in the prior art. According to the specific scheme, the rectifying circuit is provided and comprises an impedance matching circuit, a first filter circuit, at least one transistor and a second filter circuit, and the at least one transistor comprises a first transistor. Wherein the first end of the impedance matching circuit is used for being coupled with the output end of the antenna, and the second end of the impedance matching circuit is coupled with the first end of the first filter circuit. The first end of the first transistor and the first end of the second filter circuit are coupled with the second end of the first filter circuit, the second end of the first transistor is used for being coupled with the grounding end, and the second end of the second filter circuit is used for being coupled with the input end of a load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a rectifier circuit, a wireless energy receiving device and a wireless energy transmission system. Background Art

[0002] Wireless power transmission technology refers to a technology in which a transmitting device converts electrical energy into other forms of relay energy and transmits it without the need for any wires or conductors, and a receiving device receives the relay energy and converts it into electrical energy. This wireless power transmission technology includes: laser power transfer (LPT) and microwave power transfer (MPT). Compared with laser power transmission, microwave power transmission has lower environmental requirements and is suitable for long-distance transmission, so microwave power transmission is more widely used.

[0003] When microwave power transmission is adopted, the receiving device includes a rectifier circuit, which is used to convert the microwave energy received by the receiving device into a DC voltage. However, the implementation cost of the rectifier circuit in the prior art is relatively high, and how to reduce the implementation cost of the rectifier circuit has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a rectifier circuit, a wireless energy receiving device and a wireless energy transmission system, which solve the problem of high implementation cost of the rectifier circuit in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a rectifier circuit is provided, the rectifier circuit comprising an impedance matching circuit, a first filter circuit, at least one transistor and a second filter circuit, wherein the at least one transistor comprises a first transistor. The first end of the impedance matching circuit is used to couple with the output end of the antenna, and the second end of the impedance matching circuit is coupled with the first end of the first filter circuit. The first end of the first transistor and the first end of the second filter circuit are coupled with the second end of the first filter circuit, the second end of the first transistor is used to couple with the ground end, and the second end of the second filter circuit is used to couple with the input end of the load.

[0007] Optionally, the at least one transistor may include one transistor, or may include multiple transistors. When the at least one transistor includes multiple transistors, the multiple transistors may be coupled in parallel. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of transistors included in the at least one transistor.

[0008] Based on this solution, first, an AC voltage generated by the antenna according to the wireless signal is received through an impedance matching circuit. Then, at least one transistor generates a DC voltage according to the AC voltage, and the first filter circuit prevents the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna. Finally, the second filter circuit filters the DC voltage to supply power to the load. Compared with the rectifier circuit in the prior art, which requires at least two diodes to achieve rectification, rectification can be achieved by a smaller number of transistors, which can reduce the implementation cost of the rectifier circuit.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the at least one transistor further includes a second transistor, and the second transistor is coupled in parallel with the first transistor.

[0010] Based on this solution, by setting a second transistor in parallel with the first transistor, the current flowing through each transistor can be reduced, and the reliability of the rectifier circuit can be improved. Secondly, the voltage drop of each transistor can be reduced by parallel connection, and the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit can be improved. Moreover, when a certain transistor fails, the rectifier circuit can continue to work, which can improve the reliability of the rectifier circuit.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the impedance matching circuit is used to provide an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna, and is also used to receive an AC voltage generated by the antenna according to a wireless signal. At least one transistor is used to generate a DC voltage according to the AC voltage. The first filter circuit is used to prevent the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna. The second filter circuit is used to filter the DC voltage to supply power to the load.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the AC voltage includes an AC voltage at a first frequency and an AC voltage at a second frequency, and the second frequency is higher than the first frequency. When the impedance matching circuit receives the AC voltage at the first frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the first impedance, and when the impedance matching circuit receives the AC voltage at the second frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the second impedance. The impedance matching circuit is also used to provide a third impedance when receiving the AC voltage at the first frequency, and the third impedance and the first impedance are matched with the impedance of the antenna. The impedance matching circuit is also used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving the AC voltage at the second frequency, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance are matched with the impedance of the antenna.

[0013] Based on this solution, when the impedance matching circuit receives an AC voltage of a first frequency point, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the first impedance, and when the impedance matching circuit receives an AC voltage of a second frequency point, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the second impedance. The impedance matching circuit is used to provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage of a first frequency point, and the third impedance and the first impedance match the impedance of the antenna. The impedance matching circuit is also used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage of a second frequency point, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna, so that the rectifier circuit can rectify the AC voltages of the two frequencies, which can improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit. Moreover, when the frequencies of the two frequencies are similar, the AC voltages of the two frequencies and the AC voltages in the frequency band between the two frequencies can be rectified, which can further improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the impedance matching circuit includes a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, and a fourth microstrip line. The first end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the impedance matching circuit, the second end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the second microstrip line, the second end of the second microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the third microstrip line, the second end of the third microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the fourth microstrip line, and the second end of the fourth microstrip line is coupled to the second end of the impedance matching circuit. The electrical length of the first microstrip line to the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line is related to the first frequency point, the second frequency point, the first impedance, and the second impedance.

[0015] Based on this solution, when the impedance matching circuit receives an AC voltage of a first frequency point, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the first impedance, and when the impedance matching circuit receives an AC voltage of a second frequency point, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the second impedance. The impedance matching circuit includes a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, and a fourth microstrip line, and can provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage of a first frequency point, and the third impedance and the first impedance match the impedance of the antenna, and can also provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage of a second frequency point, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna, so that the rectifier circuit can rectify the AC voltages of two frequencies, thereby improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the electrical length of the first microstrip line is equal to the electrical length of the second microstrip line, and the electrical length of the third microstrip line is equal to half the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second filtering circuit includes a first filter and a second filter coupled in series, and a filtering frequency point of the first filter is different from a filtering frequency point of the second filter.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first filter is used to filter out the AC voltage of a first frequency point in the DC voltage, and the second filter is used to filter out the AC voltage of a second frequency point in the DC voltage.

[0019] Based on this solution, the AC voltage of the first frequency point in the DC voltage is filtered out by the first filter, and the AC voltage of the second frequency point in the DC voltage is filtered out by the second filter, so that the ripple in the DC voltage can be removed, and a smoother DC voltage is provided to the load, which can further improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first filter or the second filter is at least one of a fan-shaped branch filter, a rectangular branch filter, and a passive filter.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the transistor is a diode and a metal oxide semiconductor tube.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a material of at least one transistor includes at least one of gallium nitride, diamond, silicon carbide, and aluminum nitride.

[0023] Optionally, the material of the at least one transistor may also include other types of wide bandgap semiconductor materials, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Based on this solution, by using transistors made of wide bandgap semiconductor materials, the rectification efficiency and rectification power of the rectification circuit can be improved compared with the Schottky diode used in the rectification circuit in the prior art.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first filtering circuit includes a capacitor, one end of the capacitor is coupled to the first end of the first filtering circuit, and the other end of the capacitor is coupled to the second end of the first filtering circuit.

[0026] Based on this solution, the first filtering circuit includes a capacitor, which can prevent the DC voltage generated by at least one transistor from flowing to the antenna, thereby avoiding energy loss and preventing the DC voltage from damaging the antenna, thereby improving the reliability of the rectifier circuit.

[0027] In a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a rectification method is provided, which is applied to a rectification circuit, wherein the rectification circuit includes an impedance matching circuit, a first filtering circuit, at least one transistor and a second filtering circuit, wherein the at least one transistor includes a first transistor. The first end of the impedance matching circuit is used to couple with the antenna, and the second end of the impedance matching circuit is coupled with the first end of the first filtering circuit. The first end of the first transistor and the first end of the second filtering circuit are coupled with the second end of the first filtering circuit. The second end of the first transistor is used to couple with the ground terminal, and the second end of the second filtering circuit is used to couple with the load. The method includes: the impedance matching circuit provides an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna. The impedance matching circuit receives an AC voltage generated by the antenna according to a wireless signal. At least one transistor generates a DC voltage according to the AC voltage. The first filtering circuit prevents the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna. The second filtering circuit filters the DC voltage to supply power to the load.

[0028] In a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an impedance matching circuit is provided, which includes a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, and a fourth microstrip line. The first end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the impedance matching circuit, the second end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the second microstrip line, the second end of the second microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the third microstrip line, the second end of the third microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the fourth microstrip line, and the second end of the fourth microstrip line is coupled to the second end of the impedance matching circuit. The electrical length of the first microstrip line is equal to the electrical length of the second microstrip line, and the electrical length of the third microstrip line is equal to half the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line.

[0029] In conjunction with the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the impedance matching circuit is used to provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a first frequency, and the third impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna. The impedance matching circuit is also used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a second frequency, and the fourth impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna. The electrical length of the first microstrip line to the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line is related to the first frequency and the second frequency.

[0030] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a chip module is provided, which includes: a chip and a packaging substrate, the chip is fixed to the packaging substrate, the chip includes a rectifier circuit, and the rectifier circuit is the rectifier circuit described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0031] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a wireless energy receiving device is provided, which includes an antenna and a rectifier circuit coupled to the antenna, and the rectifier circuit is the rectifier circuit described in the first aspect or any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0032] Optionally, the wireless energy receiving device can be used to supply power to other devices that require power, or the wireless energy receiving device can be a direct power-consuming device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] According to a sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device is provided, which includes a wireless energy receiving device and a load coupled to the wireless energy receiving device. The wireless energy receiving device is the wireless energy receiving device described in the fifth aspect above.

[0034] Optionally, the type of the electronic device may include at least one of a biomedical device, an Internet of Things node, a mobile device, and the like, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] In a seventh aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a wireless energy transmission system is provided, which includes a wireless energy transmitting device and a wireless energy receiving device. The wireless energy receiving device is the wireless energy receiving device described in the fifth aspect above, and the wireless energy transmitting device is used to send a wireless signal to the wireless energy receiving device.

[0036] The descriptions of the second to seventh aspects of the present application can refer to the detailed description of the first aspect; and the beneficial effects of the second to seventh aspects can refer to the analysis of the beneficial effects of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of another rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of another rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an efficiency curve of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an impedance transformation curve of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of another rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the structure of a fan-shaped branch filter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 9 The structure of a rectangular branch filter provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG.

[0046] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of another rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a rectification method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a chip module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless energy receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless energy transmission system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will discuss the making and use of each embodiment in detail. However, it should be understood that many applicable inventive concepts provided by this application can be implemented in a variety of specific environments. The specific embodiments discussed are only used to illustrate the specific ways to implement and use this description and this technology, and do not limit the scope of this application.

[0053] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0054] Various circuits or other components may be described or referred to as being "configured to" perform one or more tasks. In this case, "configured to" is used to imply structure by indicating that the circuit / component includes structure (e.g., circuitry) that performs the one or more tasks during operation. Thus, even when the specified circuit / component is not currently operational (e.g., not turned on), the circuit / component may be referred to as being configured to perform the task. Circuits / components used with the phrase "configured to" include hardware, such as circuits that perform an operation, etc.

[0055] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or its similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a, b and c, where a, b and c can be single or multiple. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and order.

[0056] In this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the related concepts in a concrete way.

[0057] Before introducing the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms and background technologies involved in the present application are first introduced.

[0058] Rectification efficiency: refers to the energy conversion efficiency when converting AC voltage into DC voltage during the rectification process.

[0059] Rectified power: refers to the power output by the rectifier circuit.

[0060] Wide bandgap semiconductor materials: Wide bandgap semiconductor materials have the characteristics of large bandgap width, high breakdown electric field strength, high saturated electron drift velocity, large thermal conductivity, small dielectric constant, strong radiation resistance and good chemical stability. They are very suitable for the production of radiation-resistant, high-frequency, high-power and high-density integrated electronic devices.

[0061] Frequency: Indicates the center frequency of the frequency range used when microwave power is transmitted.

[0062] Electrical length: The ratio of the physical length of a transmission line to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the transmission line is called electrical length.

[0063] Conjugate complex impedance: refers to a pair of impedances whose real components (resistance) are equal, and whose imaginary components (resistance) are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. Conjugate complex impedance can be expressed by conjugate complex numbers.

[0064] Transmission line characteristic impedance: determined by the structure, material and frequency of the transmission line, has the dimension of impedance, and its value is related to the structure, material and frequency of the transmission line. It can also be referred to as characteristic impedance.

[0065] When microwave power transmission is used, the process of wireless power transmission includes: first, the transmitting device converts electrical energy into microwave energy and transmits it. Then, the microwave energy propagates freely in space. Finally, the receiving device receives the microwave energy and converts it into a DC voltage to power the load. Among them, the receiving device includes an antenna and a rectifier circuit coupled to the antenna. The antenna is used to obtain microwave energy from space, and generate and transmit an AC voltage based on the microwave energy. The rectifier circuit is used to receive the AC voltage and generate a DC voltage based on the AC voltage to power the load. Since the microwave power transmission method has low requirements on the environment and is suitable for long-distance transmission, the microwave power transmission method is widely used in electronic devices such as biomedical equipment, Internet of Things nodes, and mobile devices.

[0066] In the field of low frequency and low power, the research on microwave power transmission has been relatively mature. Since Schottky diodes have the characteristics of low voltage drop, fast switching characteristics, low reverse recovery time and temperature characteristics, the rectifier circuit in the receiving device is generally implemented with Schottky diodes.

[0067] For example, Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit 100, and the rectifier circuit 100 is implemented by a Schottky diode. The rectifier circuit 100 includes an impedance matching circuit 110, a first diode 120, a second diode 130 and a filter 140. The first end of the impedance matching circuit 110 is used to couple with the output end of the antenna (antenna, ANT) 1, the cathode of the first diode 120 and the anode of the second diode 130 are coupled with the second end of the impedance matching circuit 110, the anode of the first diode 120 and the cathode of the second diode 130 are coupled with the input end of the filter 140, the output end of the filter 140 is used to couple with the input end of the electrical resistance load (electrical resistance load, RL) 1, and the output end of the resistance load RL 1 is coupled with the ground (ground, GND).

[0068] The antenna ANT 1 is used to obtain microwave energy from space, and to generate and transmit an AC voltage according to the microwave energy. The impedance matching circuit 110 is used to receive the AC voltage, and is also used to match the impedance between the first diode 120 and the second diode 130 and the resistance load RL 1 with the impedance of the antenna ANT 1, so as to improve the efficiency of the antenna ANT 1 in obtaining microwave energy, thereby improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 100. The first diode 120 and the second diode 130 are used to rectify the AC voltage to generate a DC voltage. Specifically, when the AC voltage is in a forward period, the second diode 130 is used to generate a DC voltage according to the AC voltage and transmit it to the filter 140, and when the AC voltage is in a reverse period, the first diode 120 is used to generate a DC voltage according to the AC voltage and transmit it to the filter 140, so that the AC voltage can be fully utilized through the two diodes. The filter 140 is used to filter out the AC voltage in the received DC voltage to provide a more stable DC voltage to the resistance load RL 1.

[0069] However, the rectifier circuit 100 generally requires more diodes in addition to the first diode 120 and the second diode 130, and the use of more diodes will result in a higher implementation cost of the rectifier circuit 100. Secondly, due to the characteristics of the Schottky diode, the rectifier circuit 100 will have a lower rectification power and a lower rectification efficiency. In addition, when designing the rectifier circuit 100, it is not considered to receive AC voltages with multiple frequencies or to receive AC voltages with a wide frequency band, which will also result in a lower rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 100.

[0070] In order to solve the problems of high implementation cost, low rectification power and low rectification efficiency of the above-mentioned rectifier circuit, an embodiment of the present application provides a rectifier circuit, which can reduce the implementation cost of the rectifier circuit and improve the rectification power and rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0071] The rectifier circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the above-mentioned microwave power transmission mode, and is thus widely used in electronic devices such as biomedical equipment, Internet of Things nodes, smart home devices, vehicle-mounted equipment, industry sensors, and mobile devices. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of electronic device to which the rectifier circuit is specifically applied.

[0072] like Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectifier circuit 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The rectifier circuit 200 includes an impedance matching circuit 210, a first filter circuit 220, at least one transistor 230 and a second filter circuit 240, wherein the at least one transistor 230 includes a first transistor 231. The first end of the impedance matching circuit 210 is used to couple with the output end of the antenna 300, and the second end of the impedance matching circuit 210 is coupled with the first end of the first filter circuit 220. The first end of the first transistor 231 and the first end of the second filter circuit 240 are coupled with the second end of the first filter circuit 220. The second end of the first transistor 231 is used to couple with the ground terminal GND, and the second end of the second filter circuit 240 is used to couple with the input end of the load 400, and the output end of the load 400 is coupled with the ground terminal GND.

[0073] Among them, the antenna 300 is used to obtain wireless signals from space. The impedance matching circuit 210 is used to provide an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna 300. Specifically, the impedance matching circuit 210 is used to provide an impedance, and the impedance and the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 are used to match the impedance of the antenna to improve the efficiency of the antenna 300 in obtaining wireless signals. The impedance matching circuit 210 is also used to receive the AC voltage generated by the antenna 300 according to the wireless signal. The first filter circuit 220 is used to transmit the AC voltage to the at least one transistor 230 mentioned above, and at least one transistor 230 is used to generate a DC voltage according to the AC voltage. The first filter circuit 220 is also used to prevent the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna 300, thereby avoiding energy loss, and avoiding the DC voltage from damaging the antenna 300, and improving the reliability of the rectifier circuit 200. The second filter circuit 240 is used to filter the DC voltage so that the DC voltage is more stable to supply power to the load 400.

[0074] In a possible embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the first filter circuit 220 includes a capacitor C, one end of the capacitor C is coupled to the first end of the first filter circuit 220, and the other end of the capacitor C is coupled to the second end of the first filter circuit 220. In addition to the capacitor C, the first filter circuit 220 may also include other electronic components, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application takes the first filter circuit 220 including the capacitor C as an example for exemplary limitation.

[0075] In a possible embodiment, the capacitance of the capacitor C in the first filter circuit 220 may be determined based on the frequency of the AC voltage. When the frequency is higher, a capacitor C with a smaller capacitance may be selected.

[0076] In a possible embodiment, the product of the capacitor C in the first filtering circuit 220 and the highest frequency point of the AC voltage is greater than or equal to 0.01F×Hz and less than or equal to 1F×Hz.

[0077] Optionally, the at least one transistor 230 may include one transistor, or may include multiple transistors. When the at least one transistor includes multiple transistors, the multiple transistors may be coupled in parallel. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of transistors specifically included in the at least one transistor 230, and the following embodiment of the present application takes the at least one transistor including one transistor as an example for illustrative description.

[0078] For example, Figure 2 As shown, when at least one transistor 230 includes a first transistor 231, the first transistor 231 can be used to generate a DC voltage according to the AC voltage transmitted by the first filter circuit 220, and send the DC voltage to the second filter circuit 240. This process can be called rectification. Specifically, during the rectification process, the first transistor 231 receives the AC voltage, and the junction capacitor in the first transistor 231 is charged and discharged under the action of the AC voltage to generate a DC voltage and high-order harmonics, and send the DC voltage and high-order harmonics to the second filter circuit 240. Among them, the DC voltage is output to the load 400 after filtering by the second filter circuit 240, and the high-order harmonics are reflected back to the first transistor 231 by the second filter circuit 240. The first transistor 231 continues to rectify the high-order harmonics to generate a DC voltage. It can be understood that the junction capacitance in the first transistor 231 can convert the AC voltage into a DC voltage through continuous charging and discharging. Compared with the above-mentioned rectifier circuit 100, the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes rectification by adopting a first transistor 231 without setting up multiple diodes to realize rectification, thereby reducing the implementation cost of the rectifier circuit 200.

[0079] In a possible embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, at least one transistor 230 further includes a second transistor 232, and the second transistor 232 is coupled in parallel with the first transistor 231. The rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the current flowing through each transistor by setting the second transistor 232 connected in parallel with the first transistor 231, or setting more transistors coupled in parallel with the first transistor 231, so as to improve the reliability of the rectifier circuit 200. Secondly, the voltage drop of each transistor can be reduced by parallel connection, and the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200 can be improved. Moreover, when a certain transistor fails, the rectifier circuit 200 can continue to work, which can improve the reliability of the rectifier circuit 200.

[0080] Optionally, the transistor in the at least one transistor 230 is a diode or a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0081] Optionally, the material of the at least one transistor includes at least one of wide bandgap semiconductor materials such as gallium nitride, diamond, silicon carbide and aluminum nitride, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, by using transistors made of wide bandgap semiconductor materials, can improve the rectification efficiency and rectification power of the rectifier circuit 200 compared with the rectifier circuit 100 using Schottky diodes.

[0082] In a possible embodiment, when the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied in a microwave power transmission mode, the above-mentioned wireless signal includes microwave energy.

[0083] In the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, first, the AC voltage generated by the antenna 300 according to the wireless signal is received through the impedance matching circuit 210. Then, at least one transistor 230 generates a DC voltage according to the AC voltage, and the first filter circuit 220 prevents the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna 300. Finally, the second filter circuit 240 filters the DC voltage to supply power to the load 400. Compared with the above-mentioned rectifier circuit 100, which needs to be rectified by at least two diodes, the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be rectified by at least one transistor 230, and can be rectified by a smaller number of transistors, so the implementation cost of the rectifier circuit 100 can be reduced. Moreover, by using a transistor made of a wide bandgap semiconductor material to achieve rectification, the rectification power and rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200 can be improved.

[0084] In a possible embodiment, the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application supports receiving AC voltages at two frequencies, or receiving AC voltages with a wide frequency band.

[0085] The AC voltage generated by the antenna 300 according to the wireless signal may include an AC voltage at a first frequency and an AC voltage at a second frequency, wherein the second frequency is higher than the first frequency, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific values ​​of the first frequency and the second frequency. When the impedance matching circuit 210 receives the AC voltage at the first frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is the first impedance, and when the impedance matching circuit 210 receives the AC voltage at the second frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is the second impedance.

[0086] The impedance matching circuit 210 is also used to provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a first frequency point, and the third impedance and the first impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. The impedance matching circuit 210 is also used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a second frequency point, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. Thus, the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the efficiency of the antenna 300 in acquiring wireless signals at the first frequency point, and can also improve the efficiency of the antenna 300 in acquiring wireless signals at the second frequency point. Further, the rectifier circuit 200 can rectify the AC voltages at the two frequencies, thereby improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200. Moreover, when the frequencies of the two frequencies are similar, the rectifier circuit 200 can rectify the AC voltages at the two frequencies, and the AC voltages in the frequency band between the two frequencies, which can further improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200.

[0087] For example, take the first frequency point as 4 GHz and the second frequency point as 10 GHz. The AC voltage generated by the antenna 300 according to the wireless signal may include an AC voltage of 4 GHz and an AC voltage of 10 GHz. The impedance matching circuit 210 may be used to provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage of 4 GHz, and the third impedance and the first impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. The impedance matching circuit 210 may also be used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage of 10 GHz, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. Thus, the rectifier circuit 200 can support receiving AC voltages of the two frequencies of 4 GHz and 10 GHz.

[0088] For another example, take the first frequency point as 4.1 GHz and the second frequency point as 5.9 GHz. The AC voltage generated by the antenna 300 according to the wireless signal may include an AC voltage of 4 GHz, an AC voltage of 10 GHz, and an AC voltage in the frequency band from 4 GHz to 10 GHz. The impedance matching circuit 210 can be used to provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage of 4.1 GHz, and the third impedance and the first impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. The impedance matching circuit 210 can also be used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage of 5.9 GHz, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. Since the frequencies of the two frequencies are similar, the rectifier circuit 200 can support the reception of the AC voltages of the two frequencies of 4.1 GHz and 5.9 GHz, as well as the AC voltage in the frequency band between the two frequencies. It can be understood that the rectifier circuit 200 can support the reception of a wide-band AC voltage at this time.

[0089] In a possible embodiment, Figure 4As shown, when the rectifier circuit 200 supports receiving AC voltages at two frequencies, or receives AC voltages in a wide frequency band, the impedance matching circuit 210 includes a first microstrip line 211, a second microstrip line 212, a third microstrip line 213, and a fourth microstrip line 214. The first end of the first microstrip line 211 is coupled to the first end of the impedance matching circuit 210, the second end of the first microstrip line 211 is coupled to the first end of the second microstrip line 212, the second end of the second microstrip line 212 is coupled to the first end of the third microstrip line 213, the second end of the third microstrip line 213 is coupled to the first end of the fourth microstrip line 214, and the second end of the fourth microstrip line 214 is coupled to the second end of the impedance matching circuit 210.

[0090] The electrical length from the first microstrip line 211 to the electrical length from the fourth microstrip line 214 is related to the first frequency point, the second frequency point, the first impedance and the second impedance.

[0091] In a possible embodiment, the electrical length of the first microstrip line 211 is equal to the electrical length of the second microstrip line 212 , and the electrical length of the third microstrip line 213 is equal to half of the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line 214 .

[0092] The fourth microstrip line 214 is used to transform the first impedance and the second impedance into a pair of conjugate complex impedances. The third microstrip line 213 is used to transform the pair of conjugate complex impedances into real impedance. The second microstrip line 212 and the first microstrip line 211 are used to adjust the real impedance to a target impedance, which is an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna 300. It can be understood that the characteristic impedance of the first microstrip line 211 to the characteristic impedance of the fourth microstrip line 214 is related to the first frequency point, the second frequency point, the first impedance and the second impedance.

[0093] In a possible embodiment, the target impedance is 50 ohms (Ω), and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the target impedance.

[0094] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the above target impedance can be represented by Z0, and the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 can be represented by Z L It indicates that, taking the first frequency point as f1, the second frequency point as f2, and f2>f1 as an example.

[0095] When the rectifier circuit 200 receives an AC voltage at the first frequency point f1, the first impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0096] Z L1 =R1+j×X1

[0097] Among them, Z L1represents the first impedance, R1 represents the real part of the first impedance, j represents the imaginary unit, and X1 represents the imaginary part of the first impedance.

[0098] When the rectifier circuit 200 receives an AC voltage at the second frequency point f2, the second impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0099] Z L2 =R2+j×X2

[0100] Among them, Z L2 represents the second impedance, R2 represents the real part of the second impedance, and X2 represents the imaginary part of the second impedance.

[0101] When implementing the impedance matching circuit 210, a detection circuit can be built between the antenna 300 and the first filter circuit 220 to determine the first impedance Z L1 and the second impedance Z L2 The specific values ​​of the real part and the imaginary part in , the specific process can refer to the prior art, the embodiment of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0102] The characteristic impedance of the fourth microstrip line 214 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0103]

[0104] Wherein, Z4 represents the characteristic impedance of the fourth microstrip line 214, R L4 is the real part of the characteristic impedance Z4 of the fourth microstrip line 214, X L4 is the imaginary part of the characteristic impedance Z4 of the fourth microstrip line 214 .

[0105] The electrical length of the fourth microstrip line 214 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] Wherein, θ4 represents the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line 214, n is a non-negative integer, such as 0, 1, 2, etc., and the implementation of the present application does not limit the specific value of n. For the convenience of calculation, the value of n can be 0, and π is the pi. m is the ratio of the second frequency point f2 to the first frequency point f1, which can be expressed by the following formula:

[0108]

[0109] The electrical length of the third microstrip line 213 is equal to half of the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line 214. The electrical length of the third microstrip line 213 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] Here, θ3 represents the electrical length of the third microstrip line 213 .

[0112] The characteristic impedance of the third microstrip line 213 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0113]

[0114] Wherein, Z3 represents the characteristic impedance of the third microstrip line 213. Since the characteristic impedance of the third microstrip line 213 is a real number, it can also be expressed by R L3 express.

[0115] The electrical length of the first microstrip line 211 is equal to the electrical length of the second microstrip line 212. The electrical length of the first microstrip line 211 and the electrical length of the second microstrip line 212 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0116]

[0117] Wherein, θ1 is the electrical length of the first microstrip line 211 , and θ2 is the electrical length of the second microstrip line 212 .

[0118] Let α = tan 2 θ1, the characteristic impedance of the second microstrip line 212 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0119]

[0120] Wherein, Z2 represents the characteristic impedance of the second microstrip line 212 .

[0121] The characteristic impedance of the first microstrip line 211 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] Wherein, Z1 represents the characteristic impedance of the first microstrip line 211. It can be understood that the electrical length and characteristic impedance of the first microstrip line 211 to the fourth microstrip line can be determined according to the first frequency point, the second frequency point, the first impedance and the second impedance, and the impedance of the antenna 300.

[0124] In a possible embodiment, after the characteristic impedance Z1 of the first microstrip line 211 to the characteristic impedance Z4 of the fourth microstrip line 214 are determined, the specific shape corresponding to each microstrip line may be determined according to the characteristic impedance of each microstrip line.

[0125] For example, the approximate calculation formula for the effective relative dielectric constant of a microstrip line is:

[0126] When W≤h

[0127] When W>h

[0128] Among them, ε re represents the effective relative dielectric constant of the microstrip line, ε r Represents the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate. Once the material of the dielectric substrate and the material of the microstrip line are determined, the ε r W represents the width of the microstrip line, and h represents the thickness of the dielectric substrate.

[0129] The relationship between the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line and the effective dielectric constant of the microstrip line can be expressed by the following formula:

[0130] When W≤h

[0131] When W>h

[0132] Wherein, Z represents the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line. It can be understood that the value of W / h corresponding to each microstrip line can be determined based on the approximate calculation formula of the effective relative dielectric constant of the microstrip line, the relationship between the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line and the effective dielectric constant of the microstrip line, and the characteristic impedance of each microstrip line. Furthermore, the specific values ​​of W and h can be determined as needed to determine the specific shape of the microstrip line.

[0133] By adopting the impedance matching circuit 210, the rectification circuit 200 can support receiving AC voltages at two frequencies, or, when receiving AC voltages with a wide bandwidth, the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 can be matched with the impedance of the antenna 300, which can effectively improve the rectification efficiency of the rectification circuit 200.

[0134] For example, the target impedance matched with the impedance of the antenna 300 is 50Ω, the first frequency is 5.8 GHz, and the second frequency is 10.1 GHz. When the rectifier circuit 200 is not provided with the impedance matching circuit 210, the first end of the first filter circuit 220 is coupled with the output end of the antenna 300, and the rectifier circuit 200 receives the AC voltage of the first frequency of 5.8 GHz, the impedance Z between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is L1 =71.9-j×0.14Ω, when the rectifier circuit 200 receives the AC voltage of the second frequency point 10.1 GHz, the impedance Z between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is L2 =21.5-j×17.74Ω. Since the two impedances Z L1 and Z L2 The imaginary part of is not 0, and the real part deviates from the impedance 50Ω of the antenna 300, which will result in a lower rectification efficiency of the rectification circuit 200. Figure 4The impedance matching circuit 210 shown matches the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 with the impedance of the antenna 300. When the rectifier circuit 200 receives an AC voltage of a first frequency of 5.8 GHz, the impedance Z1 between the impedance matching circuit 210 and the load 400 is 49.9-j×0.14Ω. When the rectifier circuit 200 receives an AC voltage of a second frequency of 10.1 GHz, the impedance Z2 between the impedance matching circuit 210 and the load is 51.7-j×0.8Ω. The real parts of the two impedances Z1 and Z2 are close to 50Ω, and the imaginary parts are small. Therefore, the efficiency of the antenna 300 in acquiring wireless signals can be effectively improved, and the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200 can be effectively improved.

[0135] Specifically, after experimental testing, when the above Figure 4 When the impedance matching circuit 210 is used, the rectification efficiency curve of the rectification circuit 200 is as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, it can be understood from the rectification efficiency curve that at the first frequency point of 5.8 GHz, the second frequency point of 10.1 GHz, and the frequency band between the two frequency points, the rectification efficiency of the rectification circuit 200 is higher than 0.4, and the rectification circuit 200 can achieve a relatively high rectification efficiency.

[0136] At the same time, by adopting the above Figure 4 The impedance matching circuit 210 shown can also reduce the sensitivity of the rectifier circuit 200 to the input power of the received AC voltage, and can improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200 under different input powers.

[0137] For example, Figure 6 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the imaginary part change curve and the real part change curve of the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 when the impedance matching circuit 210 is shown. Figure 6 As can be seen from (a), as the input power increases, the imaginary part and the real part of the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 change greatly. When the impedance does not match the impedance of the antenna 300, the efficiency of the antenna 300 in acquiring wireless signals will be reduced, and the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200 will be reduced.

[0138] like Figure 6 As shown in (b) of Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the imaginary part change curve and the real part change curve of the impedance between the impedance matching circuit 210 and the load 400 when the impedance matching circuit 210 is shown. Figure 6As shown in (b), as the input power increases, the imaginary part and the real part of the impedance between the impedance matching circuit 210 and the load 400 change slightly. When the input power increases, the impedance can match the impedance of the antenna 300 as much as possible, so that the antenna 300 can obtain wireless signals with a high efficiency, and the rectifier circuit 200 can be ensured to have a high rectification efficiency.

[0139] In a possible embodiment, although the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application supports rectifying AC voltages at two frequencies, when the rectifier circuit 200 is used, the rectifier circuit 200 can rectify the AC voltages at the two frequencies at the same time, or can rectify the AC voltage at any one of the two frequencies, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0140] In the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the impedance matching circuit 210 receives the AC voltage of the first frequency point, the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is the first impedance, and when the impedance matching circuit 210 receives the AC voltage of the second frequency point, the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is the second impedance. The impedance matching circuit 210 is used to provide a third impedance when receiving the AC voltage of the first frequency point, and the third impedance and the first impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. The impedance matching circuit 210 is also used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving the AC voltage of the second frequency point, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300, so that the rectifier circuit 200 can support the rectification of the AC voltage of the two frequencies, and the rectification efficiency can be improved compared with the above-mentioned rectifier circuit 100. In addition, when the frequencies of the two frequencies are similar, the rectifier circuit 200 can rectify the AC voltage of the two frequencies and the AC voltage in the frequency band between the two frequencies, which can further improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0141] In a possible embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the second filtering circuit 240 includes a first filter 241 and a second filter 242 coupled in series, and the filtering frequency of the first filter 241 is different from the filtering frequency of the second filter 242.

[0142] The first filter 241 is used to filter out the AC voltage of the first frequency point in the DC voltage, and the second filter 242 is used to filter out the AC voltage of the second frequency point in the DC voltage to remove the ripple in the DC voltage, thereby providing a more stable DC voltage to the load 400, and further improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200. In the embodiment of the present application, it is not limited whether the first filter 241 and the second filter 242 are specifically used to filter out the AC voltage of the first frequency point or to filter out the AC voltage of the second frequency point.

[0143] In a possible embodiment, although the rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application supports rectifying the AC voltage of two frequencies, when the rectifier circuit 200 receives the AC voltage of the first frequency but does not receive the AC voltage of the second frequency, the first filter 241 can filter the AC voltage of the first frequency, and the second filter 242 serves as a path and does not filter the AC voltage of the first frequency. When the rectifier circuit 200 receives the AC voltage of the second frequency but does not receive the AC voltage of the first frequency, the second filter 242 can filter the AC voltage of the second frequency, and the first filter 241 serves as a path and does not filter the AC voltage of the second frequency. When the rectifier circuit 200 receives the AC voltage of the first frequency and receives the AC voltage of the second frequency, the first filter 241 can filter the AC voltage of the first frequency, and the second filter 242 can filter the AC voltage of the second frequency.

[0144] Optionally, the first filter 241 or the second filter 242 is a fan-shaped branch filter, a rectangular branch filter, or a passive filter, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0145] In a possible embodiment, when the first filter 241 and the second filter 242 are fan-shaped branch filters, the specific shape of the fan-shaped branch filter can be determined based on the above-mentioned first frequency point, second frequency point, relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, and opening angle and reactance of the fan-shaped branch filter.

[0146] The opening angle can be determined according to the bandwidth of the first frequency point or the bandwidth of the second frequency point. When the bandwidth is narrow, the opening angle can be set to a smaller value, such as 30 degrees. When the bandwidth is wide, the opening angle can be set to a larger value, such as 120 degrees. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific opening angle of the fan-shaped branch filter.

[0147] The reactance of the fan-shaped branch filter can be determined by the following transmission line input impedance calculation formula:

[0148]

[0149] Among them, Z in (l) represents the input impedance of the transmission line, Z0 represents the impedance of the antenna 300, and Z l represents the load impedance, l represents the length of the transmission line connecting the fan-shaped branch filter, and β can be calculated by the following formula:

[0150]

[0151] Wherein, λ represents the wavelength, which is related to the filtering frequency of the fan-shaped branch filter. For example, when the fan-shaped branch filter is used to filter out the AC voltage with a frequency of f, λ = C / f. When the load is uncertain, it can be considered as an open-circuit transmission line, and the input impedance of the transmission line can be determined to be Z in (l) = -jZ0cot(βl), so the reactance of the fan-shaped branch filter can be determined as X r =-jZ0cot(βl). After the opening angle and reactance of the fan-shaped branch filter are determined, the specific shape of the fan-shaped branch filter can be determined.

[0152] For example, the first filter 241 and the second filter 242 are as follows. Figure 8 The fan-shaped branch filter 800 shown in the figure has a distance R1 between the cut-off point and the center of the fan-shaped circle, a radius R2, an opening angle α, and a reactance X. r , the first frequency point is f1, the second frequency point is f2, f2>f1, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is ε r For example.

[0153] The reactance X of the fan-shaped branch filter 800 is r It can be expressed as follows:

[0154]

[0155] Where, d is the thickness of the dielectric substrate, R i The value of i can be 1 or 2. When the value of i is 1, the R i represents the distance R1 between the cutoff point of the fan-shaped branch filter 800 and the center of the fan-shaped circle. When the value of i is 2, the R i represents the radius R2 of the fan-shaped branch filter 800. x It can be calculated by the following formula:

[0156]

[0157] Among them, j i (x) represents the Bessel function of the first kind of order i, N i (X) represents the i-th order first kind Bessel function, and K can be calculated by the following formula:

[0158]

[0159] Among them, λ represents the wavelength, which is related to the filtering frequency of the fan-shaped branch filter 800. When the fan-shaped branch filter 800 is used to filter out the AC voltage of the first frequency point f1, λ=C / f1, C represents the speed of light. When the fan-shaped branch filter 800 is used to filter out the AC voltage of the second frequency point f2, λ=C / f2.

[0160] θ1 can be calculated by the following formula:

[0161]

[0162] When the value of i is 1, θ1 can be calculated.

[0163] Ψ1 and Ψ2 can be calculated by the following formula:

[0164]

[0165] When the value of i is 1, Ψ1 can be calculated, and when the value of i is 2, Ψ2 can be calculated.

[0166] It can be understood that, through the above formulas, according to the opening angle α of the fan-shaped branch filter 800, the reactance Xr, and the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate ε r , and the first frequency point f1 or according to the second frequency point f2, when Z x and X r When the value of i in the calculation formula is 1, the distance R1 between the cutoff point of the fan-shaped branch filter 800 and the center of the fan-shaped circle can be calculated. x and X r When the value of i in the calculation formula is 2, the radius of the fan-shaped branch filter 800 can be calculated to be R2, so that the specific shape of the fan-shaped branch filter 800 corresponding to the first frequency point f1 can be determined, or the specific shape of the fan-shaped branch filter 800 corresponding to the second frequency point f2 can be determined.

[0167] In a possible embodiment, when the first filter 241 and the second filter 242 are rectangular branch filters, the length of the rectangular branch filters may be one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the target filtering frequency.

[0168] For example, taking the first frequency point as f1, the first filter 241 may be as follows: Fig. 9 The rectangular branch filter 900 shown. The rectangular branch filter 900 is coupled to the first end and the second end of the second filter circuit 240 through a microstrip line. The length of the rectangular branch filter 900 can be one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the frequency point f1. The length of the rectangular branch filter 900 can be expressed by the following formula:

[0169]

[0170] Wherein, L represents the length of the rectangular branch filter. When the second filter 242 is a rectangular branch filter, the specific configuration of the first filter 241 may be referred to, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0171] In a possible embodiment, when the first filter 241 and the second filter 242 are passive filters, the passive filter may be a band-stop filter constructed according to a signal processing algorithm. The passive filter may include electronic components such as capacitors and inductors. The specific process may refer to the prior art, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0172] In order to facilitate understanding of the above embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 The specific structure of the impedance matching circuit 210 shown in the figure, and the specific structure of the second filter circuit 240 when the fan-shaped branch filter is used, the embodiment of the present application also provides as follows Fig.10 The structural diagram of the rectifier circuit 200 shown in the figure and the connection relationship between various circuits or devices are not described in detail in the embodiment of the present application.

[0173] In a possible embodiment, the second filter circuit 240 may include, in addition to the first filter 241 and the second filter 242, a filter for higher harmonics of the first frequency point and the second frequency point, thereby further improving the filtering capability of the second filter circuit 240. Since the influence of higher harmonics is smaller, the second filter circuit 240 may include a filter for the first frequency point and the second frequency point twice harmonics, or may include a filter for the first frequency point and the second frequency point three harmonics, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0174] In a possible embodiment, when the higher harmonics of the first frequency point are close to the frequency of the fundamental wave of the second frequency point, the second filtering circuit 240 may include a filter for the higher harmonics of the second frequency point, without including a filter for the higher harmonics of the first frequency point, thereby reducing the implementation cost of the rectifier circuit 200.

[0175] Exemplarily, when the higher harmonics of the first frequency point are close to the frequency of the fundamental wave of the second frequency point, the second filtering circuit 240 may include a filter for the second harmonics of the second frequency point.

[0176] The rectifier circuit 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application filters out the AC voltage of the first frequency point in the DC voltage through the first filter 241, and filters out the AC voltage of the second frequency point in the DC voltage through the second filter 242, thereby removing the ripple in the DC voltage and providing a smoother DC voltage to the load 400, which can further improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200.

[0177] like Fig.11As shown, an embodiment of the present application further provides a rectification method, which is applied to the above-mentioned rectification circuit 200, and the method includes steps S1101-S1105.

[0178] S1101 . The impedance matching circuit 210 provides an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna 300 .

[0179] In a possible embodiment, when the impedance matching circuit 210 receives an AC voltage at a first frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is the first impedance, and when the impedance matching circuit 210 receives an AC voltage at a second frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit 220 and the load 400 is the second impedance. The impedance matching circuit 210 provides an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna 300, including: when the impedance matching circuit 210 receives an AC voltage at a first frequency, the impedance matching circuit 210 provides a third impedance, and the third impedance and the first impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300. When the impedance matching circuit 210 receives an AC voltage at a second frequency, the impedance matching circuit 210 provides a fourth impedance, and the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna 300.

[0180] S1102 : The impedance matching circuit 210 receives the AC voltage generated by the antenna 300 according to the wireless signal.

[0181] S1103 , at least one transistor 230 generates a DC voltage according to the AC voltage.

[0182] S1104 , the first filter circuit 220 prevents the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna 300 .

[0183] S1105 , the second filter circuit 240 filters the DC voltage to supply power to the load 400 .

[0184] In a possible embodiment, the second filtering circuit 240 includes a first filter 241 and a second filter 242 coupled in series, and the filtering frequency of the first filter 241 is different from the filtering frequency of the second filter 242. The first filter 241 is used to filter out the AC voltage of the first frequency in the DC voltage, and the second filter 242 is used to filter out the AC voltage of the second frequency in the DC voltage, and remove the ripple in the DC voltage, thereby providing a more stable DC voltage to the load 400, and further improving the rectification efficiency of the rectification circuit 200.

[0185] The rectification method provided in the embodiment of the present application first receives the AC voltage generated by the antenna 300 according to the wireless signal through the impedance matching circuit 210. Then, at least one transistor 230 generates a DC voltage according to the AC voltage, and the first filter circuit 220 prevents the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna 300. Finally, the second filter circuit 240 filters the DC voltage to supply power to the load 400. Compared with the above-mentioned rectification circuit 100, which requires at least two diodes to realize rectification, rectification can be realized by a smaller number of transistors, which can reduce the implementation cost of the rectification circuit 200. Moreover, by providing an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna 300 through the impedance matching circuit 210, the efficiency of the antenna 300 in acquiring the wireless signal can be improved, and the rectification efficiency of the rectification circuit 200 can be improved.

[0186] like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides an impedance matching circuit 210, which can be applied to the above-mentioned rectifier circuit 200, and the impedance matching circuit 210 includes a first microstrip line 211, a second microstrip line 212, a third microstrip line 213 and a fourth microstrip line 214. The first end of the first microstrip line 211 is coupled to the first end of the impedance matching circuit 210, the second end of the first microstrip line 211 is coupled to the first end of the second microstrip line 212, the second end of the second microstrip line 212 is coupled to the first end of the third microstrip line 213, the second end of the third microstrip line 213 is coupled to the first end of the fourth microstrip line 214, and the second end of the fourth microstrip line 214 is coupled to the second end of the impedance matching circuit 210.

[0187] The electrical length of the first microstrip line 211 is equal to the electrical length of the second microstrip line 212 , and the electrical length of the third microstrip line 213 is equal to half of the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line 214 .

[0188] In a possible embodiment, the impedance matching circuit 210 is used to provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a first frequency, and the third impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna 300. The impedance matching circuit 210 is also used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a second frequency, and the fourth impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna 300. The electrical length of the first microstrip line to the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line is related to the first frequency and the second frequency. For specific associations, reference can be made to the relevant description in the above-mentioned rectifier circuit 200, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0189] The impedance matching circuit 210 provided in the embodiment of the present application can provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage of a first frequency point, and the third impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna 300. It can provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage of a second frequency point, and the fourth impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna 300. Therefore, when the impedance matching circuit 210 is applied to the rectifier circuit 200, when the rectifier circuit 200 receives AC voltages of two frequencies, the impedance of the rectifier circuit 200 can be matched with the impedance of the antenna 300, which can improve the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit 200.

[0190] like Fig.12 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a chip module 1200, the chip module 1200 includes: a chip 1210 and a packaging substrate 1220, the chip 1210 is fixed to the packaging substrate 1220, the chip 1210 includes a rectifier circuit 200, the structure of the rectifier circuit 200 is as described above Figures 2 to 4 ,as well as Figures 7 to 9 The structure of the rectifier circuit 200 shown in any of the figures.

[0191] like Fig.13 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a wireless energy receiving device 1300, the wireless energy receiving device 1300 includes an antenna 1310, and a rectifier circuit 200 coupled to the antenna 1310, the structure of the rectifier circuit 200 is as described above Figures 2 to 4 ,as well as Figures 7 to 9 The structure of the rectifier circuit 200 shown in any of the figures.

[0192] Optionally, the wireless energy receiving device 1300 may be used to supply power to other devices that require power, or the wireless energy receiving device 1300 may be a direct power-consuming device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0193] like Fig.14 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 1400, the electronic device 1400 includes a wireless energy receiving device 1300, and a load 1410 coupled to the wireless energy receiving device 1300, the structure of the wireless energy receiving device 1300 is as described above Fig.13 The structure of the wireless energy receiving device 1300 is shown.

[0194] Optionally, the type of the electronic device 1400 may include at least one of electronic devices such as a biomedical device, an Internet of Things node, and a mobile device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0195] Based on this, Fig.15As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a wireless energy transmission system 1500, the wireless energy transmission system 1500 includes a wireless energy transmitting device 1510 and a wireless energy receiving device 1300, the structure of the wireless energy receiving device 1300 is as described above Fig.13 The structure of the wireless energy receiving device 1300 is shown. The wireless energy transmitting device 1510 is used to transmit a wireless signal to the wireless energy receiving device 1300.

[0196] The relevant description of the rectifier circuit 200 provided above can be referred to the rectifier method, impedance matching circuit 210, chip module 1200, wireless energy receiving device 1300, electronic device 1400 and wireless energy transmission system 1500, and the embodiments of the present application are not repeated here. The rectifier method, impedance matching circuit 210, chip module 1200, wireless energy receiving device 1300, electronic device 1400 and wireless energy transmission system 1500 provided in the embodiments of the present application include the functions of the rectifier circuit 200 in the above embodiments, so the same effect as the above rectifier circuit 200 can be achieved.

[0197] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rectifier circuit, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit includes an impedance matching circuit, a first filter circuit, at least one transistor and a second filter circuit, wherein the at least one transistor includes a first transistor; The first end of the impedance matching circuit is used to couple with the antenna, and the second end of the impedance matching circuit is coupled with the first end of the first filter circuit; The first end of the first transistor and the first end of the second filter circuit are coupled to the second end of the first filter circuit; The second end of the first transistor is used to couple with the ground end, and the second end of the second filter circuit is used to couple with the load.

2. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one transistor also includes a second transistor coupled in parallel with the first transistor.

3. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The impedance matching circuit is used to provide an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna; The impedance matching circuit is further used to receive an AC voltage generated by the antenna according to the wireless signal; The at least one transistor is used to generate a DC voltage according to the AC voltage; The first filter circuit is used to prevent the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna; The second filtering circuit is used to filter the DC voltage to supply power to the load.

4. The rectifier circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The AC voltage includes an AC voltage of a first frequency and an AC voltage of a second frequency, and the second frequency is higher than the first frequency; when the impedance matching circuit receives the AC voltage of the first frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the first impedance, and when the impedance matching circuit receives the AC voltage of the second frequency, the impedance between the first filter circuit and the load is the second impedance; The impedance matching circuit is further configured to provide a third impedance when receiving the AC voltage at the first frequency point, wherein the third impedance and the first impedance are matched with the impedance of the antenna; The impedance matching circuit is further configured to provide a fourth impedance when receiving the AC voltage at the second frequency point, wherein the fourth impedance and the second impedance match the impedance of the antenna.

5. The rectifier circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impedance matching circuit includes a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line and a fourth microstrip line; The first end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the impedance matching circuit, the second end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the second microstrip line, the second end of the second microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the third microstrip line, the second end of the third microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the fourth microstrip line, and the second end of the fourth microstrip line is coupled to the second end of the impedance matching circuit; The electrical length of the first microstrip line to the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line is related to the first frequency point, the second frequency point, the first impedance, and the second impedance.

6. The rectifier circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrical length of the first microstrip line is equal to the electrical length of the second microstrip line, and the electrical length of the third microstrip line is equal to half of the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line.

7. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The second filtering circuit includes a first filter and a second filter coupled in series, and a filtering frequency point of the first filter is different from a filtering frequency point of the second filter.

8. The rectifier circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first filter is used to filter out the AC voltage of the first frequency point in the DC voltage; The second filter is used to filter out the AC voltage of the second frequency point in the DC voltage.

9. The rectifier circuit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The first filter or the second filter is one of a fan-shaped branch filter, a rectangular branch filter and a passive filter.

10. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The transistor is a diode or a metal oxide semiconductor tube.

11. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The material of the at least one transistor includes at least one of gallium nitride, diamond, silicon carbide and aluminum nitride.

12. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The first filtering circuit includes a capacitor.

13. A rectification method, characterized in that: Applied to a rectifier circuit, the rectifier circuit includes an impedance matching circuit, a first filtering circuit, at least one transistor and a second filtering circuit, the at least one transistor includes a first transistor; the first end of the impedance matching circuit is used to couple with an antenna, and the second end of the impedance matching circuit is coupled with the first end of the first filtering circuit; the first end of the first transistor and the first end of the second filtering circuit are coupled with the second end of the first filtering circuit; the second end of the first transistor is used to couple with a ground terminal, and the second end of the second filtering circuit is used to couple with a load; the method includes: The impedance matching circuit provides an impedance that matches the impedance of the antenna; The impedance matching circuit receives an AC voltage generated by the antenna according to a wireless signal; The at least one transistor generates a DC voltage based on the AC voltage; The first filter circuit prevents the DC voltage from being transmitted to the antenna; The second filter circuit performs filtering processing on the DC voltage to supply power to the load.

14. An impedance matching circuit, characterized in that: The impedance matching circuit includes a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line and a fourth microstrip line; The first end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the impedance matching circuit, the second end of the first microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the second microstrip line, the second end of the second microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the third microstrip line, the second end of the third microstrip line is coupled to the first end of the fourth microstrip line, and the second end of the fourth microstrip line is coupled to the second end of the impedance matching circuit; The electrical length of the first microstrip line is equal to the electrical length of the second microstrip line, and the electrical length of the third microstrip line is equal to half of the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line.

15. The impedance matching circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that: The impedance matching circuit is used to provide a third impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a first frequency point, and the third impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna; The impedance matching circuit is further used to provide a fourth impedance when receiving an AC voltage at a second frequency point, and the fourth impedance is used to match the impedance of the antenna; The electrical length of the first microstrip line to the electrical length of the fourth microstrip line is related to the first frequency point and the second frequency point.

16. A chip module, characterized in that: The chip module comprises: a chip and a packaging substrate, the chip is fixed to the packaging substrate, and the chip comprises a rectifier circuit as described in any one of claims 1-12.

17. A wireless energy receiving device, characterized in that: The wireless energy receiving device comprises an antenna and a rectifier circuit coupled to the antenna, wherein the rectifier circuit is the rectifier circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a wireless energy receiving device and a load coupled to the wireless energy receiving device, and the wireless energy receiving device is the wireless energy receiving device according to claim 17.

19. A wireless energy transmission system, characterized in that: The wireless energy transmission system comprises a wireless energy transmitting device and a wireless energy receiving device, wherein the wireless energy receiving device is the wireless energy receiving device according to claim 17; The wireless energy sending device is used to send a wireless signal to the wireless energy receiving device.

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