Reusable force transmission device suitable for TBM gripper shoe to penetrate through soft rock and fracture zone

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, in particular to a reusable force transmission device suitable for a TBM gripper shoe to penetrate through soft rocks and fracture zones. The device comprises reuse assemblies arranged in front of and behind the supporting shoe respectively, and each reuse assembly comprises a hoisting fixing part and a step-changing dismounting part which are arranged on the front side or the rear side of the supporting shoe. According to the device, after the anchor rod penetrates through the composite board, the nut is rotated to drive the base plate to clamp the bottom end of the hole so that the composite board and the anchor rod can be fixed, and in the fixing process, the base plate can make contact with the bottom end of the contact rod and drive the contact rod to move, so that the contact rod drives the locking hook to contract towards the inner wall of the semicircular lantern ring and does not clamp the inner wall of the hole any more; and under the extrusion action of the base plate and the pulling action of the rope hook on the semicircular lantern ring, the semicircular lantern ring is separated from the hole and drives the guide structure to fall off from the anchor rod, so that the recovery difficulty of the guide structure and the end connecting body is reduced, and the device can be reused conveniently to improve the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation equipment, in particular to a reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM support shoes to pass through soft rocks and broken zones. Background Art

[0002] The main function of the TBM gripper is to fix the TBM shell and use the rotating cutterhead to break rocks and excavate, ensuring that the tunnel section is formed in one go. Specifically, the gripper tightens the tunnel wall to provide reaction force for the cutterhead to advance and rotate to break rocks, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the TBM during excavation.

[0003] For example, CN111287761B involves an open TBM shield, including a shield, a first conduit, a second conduit, and a sealing component; wherein the first conduit is sleeved and fixed in the advance hole of the shield, and the axial direction of the first conduit and the axial direction of the shield have a preset external insertion angle; the second conduit is used to be connected to the first conduit during advance pipe-shelf support, so as to form a long straight pipe structure with the first conduit for the drill rod of the pipe-shelf drilling rig system to pass through, and the end of the second conduit extends to the slag collection area of ​​the main beam; the sealing component is used to replace the second conduit and connect to the first conduit during excavation to block the first conduit; the second conduit and the sealing component are respectively detachably connected to the first conduit.

[0004] The open TBM shield in the above-mentioned patent is provided with an advance hole, so that the pipe-roof drill rig above the open TBM main beam can perform advance pipe-roof support on the inner side of the shield. During the support process, there is no need to expand the tunnel, which simplifies the pipe-roof construction process and improves the support efficiency. At the same time, the horizontal overlap length is reduced and the effective support length is increased. However, the problem is that when encountering soft rock and broken zones during excavation, low surrounding rock strength or collapsed cavities may occur. The surrounding rock cannot withstand the force transmitted by the support shoes, resulting in extrusion arches and support shoes slipping, causing damage to the completed primary support, and causing unsafe factors such as cave deformation and even roof collapse. The existing solution is to use sealed molds to cast early-strength concrete to improve the stress conditions of the surrounding rock. The problem is that sealing the molds and grouting and waiting for the concrete strength to recover generally takes about 10 hours, causing the construction surface to stop and occupying normal excavation time. This is the biggest obstacle to the progress of TBM construction.

[0005] In order to reduce the impact on TBM construction progress, a reusable force transmission device suitable for TBM grippers to pass through soft rocks and broken zones is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a reusable force transmission device suitable for TBM grippers to pass through soft rocks and broken zones, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention aims to provide a reusable force transmission device adapted to TBM grippers passing through soft rocks and broken zones, comprising a reused assembly respectively arranged at the front and rear of the grippers, wherein the reused assembly comprises a lifting fixture and a step-changing disassembly and assembly component arranged at the front or rear side of the grippers;

[0008] The lifting fixture comprises a lifting body and a plurality of fixing bodies, wherein the lifting body comprises a bracket fixed on the support shoe and a rope lifting structure arranged on the bracket, and the fixing body comprises an anchor rod arranged on the bedrock and a guide structure, a pad and a nut arranged on the anchor rod;

[0009] The step-changing disassembly and assembly part includes an adjustment body arranged on the bracket and an end connecting body movably fixed in the composite plate, the adjustment body is connected to the end connecting body through the rope suspension structure, the adjustment body is used to adjust the posture of the composite plate, and the end connecting body is plugged and matched with the guide structure;

[0010] The composite plate is a plate composed of a solid polycarbonate endurance plate and a high-strength carbon fiber cloth, and the high-strength carbon fiber cloth is composited with the force-bearing surface of the polycarbonate endurance plate, the plate width of the solid polycarbonate endurance plate matches the arch frame size, the bending curvature of the solid polycarbonate endurance plate matches the curvature of the support shoe, and a plurality of holes are reserved on the composite plate, and the structural shape of the pad matches the structural shape of the holes;

[0011] The rope-hanging structure drives the end connector to move along the anchor rod after being plugged into the guide structure. When the pad and the nut are installed on the anchor rod, the end connector is squeezed by the pad to release the fixed connection with the composite plate. The end connector is pulled away from the composite plate by the rope-hanging structure and drives the guide structure to detach from the anchor rod.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the bracket includes a base fixed to the front or rear edge of the front main beam of the support shoe and a steel pipe tripod rotatably connected to the base, the top of the steel pipe tripod is connected to a support frame, the rope lifting structure includes a hand-cranked winch wheel arranged on the top of the support frame close to one end of the support shoe, and the lifting rope on the hand-cranked winch wheel is connected to the end connecting body through the adjusting body.

[0013] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the base is fixed to the edge of the main beam at the front of the support shoe by bolts.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the end connector comprises two semicircular rings, the top of the semicircular rings is provided with a hook edge, the rope hook at one end of the hanging rope is connected to the hook edge, one of the semicircular rings is provided with an insert block on its surface, and the other semicircular ring is provided with a corresponding slot on its surface, the two semicircular rings are spliced ​​together to form a complete circular ring through the insert blocks and slots, the bottom ends of the semicircular rings are plugged with a contact rod, the contact rod is slidably connected with a locking hook near one end of the guide structure, the locking hook is also slidably connected to the inner wall of the semicircular ring, a pressure plate is also provided on the contact rod, a first spring is provided on the surface of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is connected to the inner wall of the semicircular ring through the first spring.

[0015] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the locking hook is provided with a smooth inclined hook surface at one end away from the guiding structure.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the adjusting body includes a pair of adjusting rollers arranged on the supporting frame away from one end of the hand-cranked winch wheel, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the adjusting roller, the adjusting roller is rotatably connected to the supporting frame through the rotating shaft, a conical edge is arranged on the surface of the adjusting roller, the conical edge is provided with an adjusting groove that passes through the adjusting roller and the surface of the conical edge, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw, the inner wall of the adjusting groove is slidably connected to a movable wheel, the hanging rope passes through the movable wheel, and one end of the adjusting screw passes through the middle of the movable wheel and is threadedly connected to the movable wheel.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the guide structure includes a first set of plates and a second set of plates, both of which are semi-circular ring structure cylinders, the bottom end of the anchor rod passes through a complete cylinder formed by the first set of plates and the second set of plates, the first set of plates and the second set of plates are both provided with pressure wheels for rolling contact with the surface of the anchor rod, the bottom ends of the first set of plates and the second set of plates are both provided with insertion edges for inserting into the top end of the semi-circular ring, the first set of plates and the second set of plates are plug-fitted together, the surface of the second set of plates is provided with a locking block, the surface of the first set of plates is correspondingly provided with a slidingly connected locking hook, the side of the locking hook is provided with a second spring, and the locking hook is connected to the surface of the first set of plates through the provided second spring.

[0018] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a connecting rod is provided on the side wall of the locking hook, and one end of the connecting rod passes through the bottom end of the first set plate.

[0019] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the bottom end of the contact rod extends downward through the bottom of the hole.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In the reusable force transmission device adapted to TBM support shoes passing through soft rocks and broken zones, the composite plate is a plate composed of solid polycarbonate endurance plate and high-strength carbon fiber cloth, and the force-bearing surface of the high-strength carbon fiber cloth and the polycarbonate endurance plate is composited, which has high maximum compressive and tensile properties. The composite plate with high strength and lightness can reduce the loss of the composite plate when the support shoes change steps, and reduce the difficulty of disassembling and assembling the composite plate, thereby reducing the TBM construction cost.

[0022] 2. In the reusable force transmission device adapted to TBM support shoes passing through soft rocks and broken zones, after the bottom end of the anchor rod passes through the cylinder formed by the first set of plates and the second set of plates, the composite plate is lifted and the posture of the composite plate is adjusted so that the bottom end of the insertion edge is inserted into the top of the semicircular ring. The hand-cranked winch wheel reels in the lifting rope to lift the composite plate, and the composite plate then passes through the semicircular ring and the cylinder and moves along the anchor rod, so that the composite plate is inserted into the anchor rod from bottom to top, thereby facilitating the rapid fixation of the composite plate to the bedrock surface at the TBM construction site and reducing the impact on the TBM construction progress.

[0023] 3. In the reusable force transmission device suitable for TBM support shoes to pass through soft rocks and broken zones, when the composite plate completes the insertion of the anchor rod, the composite plate and the anchor rod are fixed by rotating the nut to drive the pad to clamp the bottom end of the hole. During the fixing process, the pad will contact the bottom end of the contact rod and drive the contact rod to move, so that the contact rod drives the locking hook to shrink toward the inner wall of the semicircular ring and no longer clamps the inner wall of the hole. Under the squeezing effect of the pad and the pulling effect of the rope hook on the semicircular ring, the semicircular ring is separated from the hole and drives the guide structure to fall off the anchor rod, thereby reducing the difficulty of recovering the guide structure and the end connector, facilitating the reuse of the device to improve construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the lifting fixture of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed body of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the guide structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the step-changing disassembly and assembly part of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 The regulatory structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 7The regulatory structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the composite plate of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the end connector of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement at point A;

[0034] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure at B in FIG.

[0035] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the composite board of the present invention.

[0036] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0037] 1. Stretching boots;

[0038] 2. Lifting fixture; 21. Base; 22. Steel pipe tripod; 23. Support frame; 24. Hand-cranked winch; 25. Lifting rope; 251. Rope hook; 26. Fixing body; 261. Anchor rod; 262. Guide structure; 2621a. First set of plates; 2621b. Second set of plates; 2622. Pressing wheel; 2623. Inserting edge; 2624. Locking block; 2625. Locking hook; 2626. Connecting rod; 263. Pad; 264. Nut;

[0039] 3. Step-changing disassembly and assembly parts; 31. Adjustment body; 311. Adjustment roller; 3111. Tapered edge; 3112. Adjustment groove; 312. Adjustment screw; 313. Movable wheel; 32. Composite plate; 321. Hole; 33. End connector; 331. Semicircular collar; 332. Hook edge; 333. Contact rod; 334. Locking hook; 3341. Bevel hook surface; 335. Press plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] When TBM encounters soft rock and broken zones during excavation, low surrounding rock strength or cavity collapse occurs. The surrounding rock cannot withstand the force transmitted by the support shoe, resulting in arch extrusion and support shoe slippage, causing damage to the completed primary support, and causing unsafe factors such as cave deformation and even roof collapse.

[0044] The on-site method generally uses sealed molds to cast early-strength concrete to improve the stress conditions of the surrounding rock. The problem is that sealing the molds and grouting and waiting for the concrete strength to recover usually takes about 10 hours, causing the construction surface to stop and occupying normal excavation time. This is the biggest obstacle affecting the progress of TBM construction.

[0045] To solve this problem, the idea of ​​using finished protection and force transmission materials is proposed. Traditional steel plates and concrete prefabricated blocks are heavy, difficult to assemble on site, and have low reuse rates. Therefore, the finished protection and force transmission materials are required to have certain strength and toughness, and low density, easy to install and disassemble, and can be reused while ensuring that the TBM can excavate normally, reducing the investment in machinery and labor, and pursuing the greatest benefits.

[0046] Therefore, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a reusable force transmission device adapted to TBM grippers passing through soft rocks and broken zones, including a reused assembly respectively arranged at the front and rear of the gripper 1, and the reused assembly includes a lifting fixture 2 and a step-changing disassembly and assembly component 3 arranged at the front or rear side of the gripper 1;

[0047] The lifting fixture 2 includes a lifting body and a plurality of fixing bodies 26. The lifting body includes a bracket fixed on the support shoe 1 and a rope lifting structure arranged on the bracket. The fixing body 26 includes an anchor rod 261 arranged on the bedrock and a guide structure 262, a pad 263, and a nut 264 arranged on the anchor rod 261.

[0048] The step-changing disassembly and assembly part 3 includes an adjusting body 31 arranged on the bracket and an end connecting body 33 movably fixed in the composite plate 32. The adjusting body 31 is connected to the end connecting body 33 through a rope hanging structure. The adjusting body 31 is used to adjust the posture of the composite plate 32. The end connecting body 33 is plugged into the guide structure 262. After the end connecting body 33 is fixed in the end connecting body 33, the rope hanging structure passes through the adjusting body 31 and is connected to the end connecting body 33. After the rope hanging structure drives the end connecting body 33 to move up and plug into the guide structure 262, the end connecting body 33 moves along the anchor rod 261, so that the composite plate 32 penetrates the anchor rod 261 from bottom to top. When the pad 263 and the nut 264 are installed on the anchor rod 261, the end connecting body 33 is squeezed by the pad 263 to release the fixed connection with the composite plate 32. Under the pulling of the rope hanging structure, the end connecting body 33 is separated from the composite plate 32 and the end connecting body 33 drives the guide structure 262 to separate from the anchor rod 261.

[0049] The above structure is disclosed as follows:

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the bracket includes a base 21 fixed to the front or rear edge of the main beam of the front part of the support shoe 1 and a steel tube tripod 22 rotatably connected to the base 21, a support frame 23 is connected to the top of the steel tube tripod 22, and the rope lifting structure includes a hand-cranked winch wheel 24 arranged on the top of the support frame 23 close to one end of the support shoe 1, and the lifting rope 25 on the hand-cranked winch wheel 24 is connected to the end connecting body 33 through an adjusting body 31. The base 21 is fixed to the edge of the main beam at the front of the support shoe 1 by bolts. When the composite plate 32 is in contact with the bedrock, it is necessary to install a corresponding structure on the support shoe 1 to facilitate the lifting of the composite plate 32. In the installed structure, the bracket is used to make the rope lifting structure. The rope lifting structure uses the bracket as a fulcrum to lift the composite plate 32 and bring it close to the fixed body 26, and the bolt fixing method is also conducive to the combined installation of the bracket and the support shoe 1.

[0051] After the bracket is fixedly installed, the end connector 33 needs to be fixedly connected to the composite plate 32 to facilitate the lifting of the composite plate 32. Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.11As shown, the composite plate 32 is a plate composited with a solid polycarbonate endurance plate and a high-strength carbon fiber cloth, and the high-strength carbon fiber cloth is composited with the stress-bearing surface of the polycarbonate endurance plate, the plate width of the solid polycarbonate endurance plate matches the arch frame size, the bending curvature of the solid polycarbonate endurance plate matches the curvature of the support shoe, and a plurality of holes 321 are reserved on the composite plate 32, and the structural shape of the pad 263 matches the structural shape of the hole 321, so that when the anchor rod 261 is fixed, the pad 263 can be stuck in the hole 321 without shaking, thereby ensuring the fixing effect of the anchor rod 261.

[0052] Polycarbonate endurance sheet has superb mechanical properties, and has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, high heat resistance and high waterproofness. It is a sheet widely used in the market. Its disadvantage is that the molding size is limited. Its maximum width is 3m, the maximum thickness is 2cm, and the length is unlimited. In this embodiment, special glue for bonding carbon fiber cloth is used for compounding. According to the usage characteristics, high-strength carbon fiber cloth is selected as grade I or grade II. The tensile strength of high-strength grade I carbon fiber cloth is ≥3400MPa, and the tensile strength of high-strength grade II carbon fiber cloth is ≥3000MPa. Its maximum compressive and tensile properties are exerted to produce a composite plate 32 with high strength and lightness. In addition, in order to adapt to the support parameters of different arch frames, the width of the composite plate 32 is divided into three types: 300mm, 750mm, and 1600mm, and the plate thickness is divided into two types: 20mm and 10mm. It can be stacked according to the thickness required on site, and the curvature is bent according to the size of the TBM support shoe. It is factory-produced or composited on site by itself, and can be used in multiple layers. When the TBM construction support shoe changes steps, the loss of the composite plate 32 can be reduced, and the difficulty of disassembling and assembling the composite plate 32 can be reduced, thereby reducing the TBM construction cost.

[0053] The end connector 33 includes two semicircular rings 331, the top of the semicircular rings 331 is provided with a hook edge 332, the rope hook 251 at one end of the hanging rope 25 is connected to the hook edge 332, one of the semicircular rings 331 is provided with an insert block on the surface, and the other semicircular ring 331 is correspondingly provided with a slot on the surface, and the two semicircular rings 331 are spliced ​​to form a complete ring through the provided insert blocks and slots, and the bottom ends of the semicircular rings 331 are plugged and matched with a contact rod 333, and the contact rod 333 is slidably connected with a locking hook 334 at one end close to the guide structure 262, and the locking hook 334 is also slidably connected to the inner wall of the semicircular ring 331, and a pressing plate 335 is also provided on the contact rod 333, and a first spring is provided on the surface of the pressing plate 335, and the pressing plate 335 is connected to the inner wall of the semicircular ring 331 through the provided first spring, and the locking hook 334 is provided with a smooth inclined hook surface 3341 at one end away from the guide structure 262 , insert the plug block into the slot accordingly so that the two semicircular rings 331 are combined to form a complete ring, and then the ring is inserted into the hole 321 on the upper part of the composite plate 32 from the outer periphery of the composite plate 32, that is, the side of the composite plate 32 away from the support shoe 1. During insertion, the surface of the composite plate 32 contacts the inclined hook surface 3341 of the locking hook 334, so that the locking hook 334 drives the contact rod 333 and then drives the pressure plate 335 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring to move, and the locking hook 334 retracts inwardly into the semicircular ring 331 until the semicircular ring 331 is inserted into the hole 321. At this time, under the elastic force of the first spring, the pressure plate 335 is reset to drive the contact rod 333 to reset, and the contact rod 333 drives the locking hook 334 slidably connected thereto to reset, and the locking hook 334 extends outward to clamp the inner wall of the hole 321, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the end connector 33 and the composite plate 32.

[0054] After the end connector 33 is inserted into the hole 321 and fixed to the composite plate 32, the hand-cranked winch wheel 24 is rotated to reel in the lifting rope 25, so that the lifting rope 25 drives the composite plate 32 through the end connector 33 to lift the composite plate 32. During the lifting process, the posture of the composite plate 32 needs to be adjusted to facilitate the insertion of the anchor rod 261. Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the adjusting body 31 includes a pair of adjusting rollers 311 arranged on the support frame 23 away from one end of the hand-cranked winch wheel 24, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the adjusting roller 311, and the adjusting roller 311 is rotatably connected to the support frame 23 through the arranged rotating shaft, a tapered edge 3111 is arranged on the surface of the adjusting roller 311, and the tapered edge 3111 is provided with an adjusting groove 3112 that penetrates the adjusting roller 311 and the surface of the tapered edge 3111, an adjusting screw 312 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and a movable wheel 313 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove 3112, a hanging rope 25 passes through the movable wheel 313, and the middle part of the movable wheel 313 is located in the rotating shaft, one end of the adjusting screw 312 passes through the middle part of the movable wheel 313 and is threadedly connected to the movable wheel 313, and two hanging ropes 25 are used to pull an end connector 33 fixed to the upper hole 321 of the composite plate 32 respectively, and then the hand-cranked winch wheel is rotated. 24, so that the hand-cranked winch wheel 24 reels in the lifting rope 25, and then the lifting rope 25 lifts the composite plate 32. During the lifting process, it is necessary to adjust the posture of the composite plate 32 to ensure that the two upper holes 321 of the composite plate 32 can be aligned with the anchor rod 261. The adjusting screw 312 is driven to rotate by a wrench, and then the movable wheel 313 is driven to move along the adjusting groove 3112 through the adjusting screw 312. When the movable wheel 313 moves, it drives the lifting rope 25 to move along the surface of the tapered edge 3111. Since the surface of the tapered edge 3111 is a tapered structure, when the hand-cranked winch wheel 24 reels in the lifting rope 25 to lift the composite plate 32, and one of the lifting ropes 25 is located on the surface of the tapered edge 3111 close to the narrow end or the wide end, it will move less or more than the other lifting rope 25, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the posture of the composite plate 32.

[0055] After the composite plate 32 is lifted, the composite plate 32 needs to be guided so that the anchor rod 261 can penetrate into the composite plate 32. Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig. 9As shown, the guide structure 262 includes a first set of plates 2621a and a second set of plates 2621b. The first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b are both semi-circular ring structure cylinders. The bottom end of the anchor rod 261 passes through a complete cylinder formed by the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b. The anchor rod 261 is specially fixed according to the position of the hole 321 on the composite plate 32 by the anchor drilling rig of the TBM machine itself. The rock penetration depth is controlled according to the thickness of the composite plate 32. The first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b are both provided with a pressure wheel 2622 for rolling contact with the surface of the anchor rod 261. The bottom ends of the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b are both provided with an insertion edge 2623 for inserting the top end of the semi-circular ring 331. The first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b are The second set of plates 2621b are plugged in and matched, and a locking block 2624 is provided on the surface of the second set of plates 2621b. A slidingly connected locking hook 2625 is correspondingly provided on the surface of the first set of plates 2621a. A second spring is provided on the side of the locking hook 2625. The locking hook 2625 is connected to the surface of the first set of plates 2621a through the provided second spring. When the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b are plugged in and matched, the locking hook 2625 clamps the locking block 2624, so that the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b are locked to form a complete cylinder. After the bottom end of the anchor rod 261 passes through the cylinder and the composite plate 32 is lifted, the posture of the composite plate 32 is adjusted so that the top end of the semicircular ring 331 is aligned with the bottom end of the insertion edge 2623, and the bottom end of the insertion edge 2623 is inserted into the top end of the semicircular ring 331. Fig.12 As shown, the hand-cranked winch wheel 24 reels the hanging rope 25, so that the hanging rope 25 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow a, and the composite plate 32 is lifted. The composite plate 32 then moves along the anchor rod 261 through the semicircular ring 331 and the cylinder, as shown in FIG. Fig.12As shown by the middle arrow b, the composite sheet 32 ​​penetrates the anchor rod 261 from bottom to top, and the side wall of the lock hook 2625 is provided with a connecting rod 2626, one end of the connecting rod 2626 passes through the bottom end of the first set of plates 2621a. When the bottom end of the insertion edge 2623 is inserted into the top end of the semicircular collar 331, one end of the connecting rod 2626 contacts the surface of the semicircular collar 331 and under the pressure of the semicircular collar 331, the locking hook 2625 is driven to break away from the locking block 2624 and contact the locking of the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b. At this time, only through the plug-in cooperation between the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b and the insertion edge 2623 By inserting the top end of the semicircular ring 331, the cylindrical structure formed by the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b is maintained, so that the cylindrical structure guides the composite plate 32 to move along the surface of the anchor rod 261. When the subsequent end connector 33 is removed from the hole 321, the semicircular ring 331 is separated, so that the semicircular ring 331 cannot limit the insertion edge 2623, so that the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b are also separated and fall off the surface of the anchor rod 261, so as to facilitate the disassembly and reuse of the first set of plates 2621a and the second set of plates 2621b.

[0056] After the composite sheet 32 ​​is inserted into the anchor rod 261 from bottom to top, the anchor rod 261 and the composite sheet 32 ​​are fixed using the pad 263 and the nut 264. In this process, in order to reduce the difficulty of recovering the semicircular collar 331, Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the bottom end of the contact rod 333 extends downward through the bottom of the hole 321. When the composite sheet 32 ​​completes the penetration of the anchor rod 261, a pad 263 and a nut 264 are set at the bottom end of the hole 321, wherein the bottom end of the anchor rod 261 passes through the pad 263 and is threadedly connected with the nut 264. The pad 263 is driven to clamp the bottom end of the hole 321 by rotating the nut 264 to achieve the fixation of the composite sheet 32 ​​and the anchor rod 261. During the fixing process, the pad 263 will contact the contact rod The bottom end of 333 contacts and drives the contact rod 333 to move, so that the contact rod 333 drives the locking hook 334 to shrink toward the inner wall of the semicircular ring 331 and no longer gets stuck on the inner wall of the hole 321. Under the squeezing effect of the pad 263 and the pulling effect of the rope hook 251 on the semicircular ring 331, the semicircular ring 331 is separated from the hole 321 and drives the guide structure 262 to fall off the anchor rod 261, thereby reducing the difficulty of recovering the guide structure 262 and the end connector 33.

[0057] After the gripper shoe 1 is changed, the composite plate 32 is fixedly connected by using the rope hanging structure of another set of devices, and then the pad 263 and the nut 264 are removed and manually transported to the next working surface for reuse.

[0058] Such a set of force transmission devices greatly improves construction efficiency while ensuring safety. After many practical verifications, the device has shown good adaptability and stability, especially under complex geological conditions, showing excellent pressure bearing capacity and convenient operability. At the same time, the device uses a high-strength and lightweight composite plate 32 formed by a composite of solid polycarbonate endurance plate and high-strength fiber cloth. The composite plate 32 has a high reuse rate and low difficulty in disassembly and assembly, which reduces engineering costs and brings important technological innovations to the TBM construction field.

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM grippers to pass through soft rock and broken zones, characterized in that: It comprises reusable components respectively arranged at the front and rear of the support shoe (1), wherein the reusable components comprise a lifting fixture (2) and a step-changing disassembly component (3) arranged at the front or rear side of the support shoe (1); The lifting fixture (2) comprises a lifting body and a plurality of fixing bodies (26), the lifting body comprising a bracket fixed on the support shoe (1) and a rope lifting structure arranged on the bracket, the fixing body (26) comprising an anchor rod (261) arranged on the bedrock and a guide structure (262), a pad (263), and a nut (264) arranged on the anchor rod (261); The step-changing disassembly component (3) comprises an adjustment body (31) arranged on the bracket and an end connection body (33) movably fixed in the composite plate (32); the adjustment body (31) is connected to the end connection body (33) via the rope suspension structure; the adjustment body (31) is used to adjust the posture of the composite plate (32); and the end connection body (33) is plugged into and matched with the guide structure (262); The composite plate (32) is a plate formed by combining a solid polycarbonate endurance plate with a high-strength carbon fiber cloth, and the high-strength carbon fiber cloth is combined with the stress-bearing surface of the polycarbonate endurance plate, the plate width of the solid polycarbonate endurance plate matches the size of the arch frame, the bending curvature of the solid polycarbonate endurance plate matches the curvature of the support shoe, and a plurality of holes (321) are reserved on the composite plate (32), and the structural shape of the pad (263) matches the structural shape of the holes (321); The rope-hanging structure drives the end connector (33) to move along the anchor rod (261) after being plugged into the guide structure (262); when the pad (263) and the nut (264) are installed on the anchor rod (261), the end connector (33) is squeezed by the pad (263) to release the fixed connection with the composite plate (32); the end connector (33) is pulled away from the composite plate (32) by the rope-hanging structure and drives the guide structure (262) to be detached from the anchor rod (261).

2. The reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM grippers to pass through soft rock and broken zones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support comprises a base (21) fixed to the front or rear edge of the main beam at the front of the support shoe (1) and a steel tube tripod (22) rotatably connected to the base (21); a support frame (23) is connected to the top of the steel tube tripod (22); the rope suspension structure comprises a hand-cranked winch wheel (24) arranged at the top of the support frame (23) near one end of the support shoe (1); and a lifting rope (25) on the hand-cranked winch wheel (24) is connected to the end connecting body (33) through the adjusting body (31).

3. The reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM grippers to pass through soft rock and broken zones according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The base (21) is fixed to the edge of the main beam in front of the support shoe (1) by means of bolts.

4. The reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM grippers to pass through soft rock and broken zones according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The end connector (33) comprises two semicircular rings (331), the top of each semicircular ring (331) is provided with a hook edge (332), a rope hook (251) at one end of the hanging rope (25) is connected to the hook edge (332), one of the semicircular rings (331) is provided with an insert block on its surface, and the other semicircular ring (331) is provided with a corresponding slot on its surface, the two semicircular rings (331) are spliced ​​together through the insert block and the slot to form a complete ring, the semicircular rings A contact rod (333) is plugged into the bottom end of the housing (331); a locking hook (334) is slidably connected to one end of the contact rod (333) close to the guide structure (262); the locking hook (334) is also slidably connected to the inner wall of the semicircular ring (331); a pressure plate (335) is also provided on the contact rod (333); a first spring is provided on the surface of the pressure plate (335); the pressure plate (335) is connected to the inner wall of the semicircular ring (331) via the first spring.

5. The reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM grippers to pass through soft rock and broken zones according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An end of the locking hook (334) away from the guide structure (262) is provided with a smooth inclined hook surface (3341).

6. The reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM grippers to pass through soft rock and broken zones according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The adjusting body (31) comprises a pair of adjusting rollers (311) arranged on one end of the support frame (23) away from the hand-cranked winch wheel (24); a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the adjusting rollers (311); the adjusting rollers (311) are rotatably connected to the support frame (23) via the rotating shaft; a conical edge (3111) is arranged on the surface of the adjusting rollers (311); the conical edge (3111) is provided with an adjusting groove (3112) penetrating the adjusting rollers (311) and the surface of the conical edge (3111); an adjusting screw (312) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft; a movable wheel (313) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove (3112); the hanging rope (25) passes through the movable wheel (313); one end of the adjusting screw (312) passes through the middle of the movable wheel (313) and is threadedly connected to the movable wheel (313).

7. The reusable force transmission device adapted to TBM grippers passing through soft rock and broken zones according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The guide structure (262) comprises a first set of plates (2621a) and a second set of plates (2621b); the first set of plates (2621a) and the second set of plates (2621b) are both semi-circular cylinders; the bottom end of the anchor rod (261) passes through a complete cylinder formed by the first set of plates (2621a) and the second set of plates (2621b); the first set of plates (2621a) and the second set of plates (2621b) are both provided with a pressure wheel (2622) for rolling contact with the surface of the anchor rod (261); The bottom end of the second set of plates (2621b) is provided with an insertion edge (2623) for inserting into the top end of the semicircular ring (331); the first set of plates (2621a) and the second set of plates (2621b) are plugged together; a locking block (2624) is provided on the surface of the second set of plates (2621b); a slidingly connected locking hook (2625) is correspondingly provided on the surface of the first set of plates (2621a); ​​a second spring is provided on the side of the locking hook (2625); and the locking hook (2625) is connected to the surface of the first set of plates (2621a) via the provided second spring.

8. The reusable force transmission device adapted for TBM grippers to pass through soft rocks and broken zones according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A connecting rod (2626) is provided on the side wall of the locking hook (2625), and one end of the connecting rod (2626) passes through the bottom end of the first set plate (2621a).

9. The reusable force transmission device adapted to TBM grippers passing through soft rock and broken zones according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The bottom end of the contact rod (333) extends downward through the bottom of the hole (321).

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