A temporary vehicle ramp for the foundation pit used in basement construction

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of foundation pit support, and specifically discloses a temporary vehicle ramp for a foundation pit used in the construction of a basement. The temporary vehicle ramp for the foundation pit includes an upper trapezoidal soil area and a lower vertical soil area. The two sides of the vertical soil area are wrapped by a plurality of spliced fence panels. A plurality of tie rods are installed in the vertical soil area. Each tie rod includes a wavy section and two straight rod sections, and the two straight rod sections are connected to the two ends of the wavy section. A through cavity is formed inside the tie rod, which penetrates through the two ends of the two straight rod sections and the wavy section. A plurality of through holes are formed in the pipe wall of the wavy section. The wavy section is located between the fence panels on both sides. The straight rod section on each side passes through the fence panel. The outer wall of the straight rod section has threads, and locking members are used to lock the straight rod sections on both sides to the fence panels on both sides in a threaded connection manner. The lower layer is a vertical soil area, which occupies a small area. The fence panels have a strong supporting force on the vertical soil area, making it not easy to deform and having a firm structure. The tie rods can not only pull the fence panels on both sides, but also play a role in drainage, reducing the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit support, and particularly to a temporary vehicle ramp for a foundation pit used in building a basement. Background Art

[0002] When building a basement, a foundation pit needs to be dug on the ground. After the foundation pit is dug, if materials need to be transported back and forth in a large foundation pit, a temporary vehicle ramp needs to be built in the foundation pit. The temporary vehicle ramp extends from the top of the foundation pit to the bottom of the foundation pit for transport vehicles to drive back and forth.

[0003] Some temporary vehicle ramps are paved with pure soil. For large basements, the foundation pits built are deeper and larger in area. Correspondingly, the height of the temporary vehicle ramps built inside the foundation pits is also larger. To prevent the soil on both sides of the temporary vehicle ramp from collapsing, generally the two sides of the ramp are inclined outward from the top surface to the bottom surface. Especially for the slope section at the edge of the foundation pit, the drop from the top of the foundation pit to the bottom of the foundation pit is large, so the area of its inclination and extension to both sides is large, resulting in the excessive floor area of the temporary vehicle ramp, occupying too much working space and making it inconvenient for the internal operation of the foundation pit. During the use of this temporary vehicle ramp, due to the influence of its own soil gravity and the pressure of the transport vehicle, even if the two sides are inclined, the ramp soil is still likely to spread to both sides, and large pits will form on the ramp surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems that some temporary vehicle ramps paved with pure soil in large deep foundation pits for building basements have excessive floor area, the ramp soil is easily stressed and spreads to both sides, and large pits are formed on the ramp surface, the present application proposes a temporary vehicle ramp for a foundation pit for building a basement with a small floor area, and adopts the following technical solutions to solve this problem.

[0005] A temporary vehicle ramp for a foundation pit for building a basement includes a trapezoidal soil area with a trapezoidal cross-section on the upper layer and a vertical soil area with a square cross-section on the lower layer. The two sides of the trapezoidal soil area are wrapped with concrete surfaces. The two sides of the vertical soil area are wrapped by a plurality of spliced enclosure panels. The two sides of the vertical soil area extend beyond the two sides of the trapezoidal soil area.

[0006] A plurality of tie rods are installed in the vertical soil area. Each tie rod includes a wavy section and two straight rod sections. The two straight rod sections are connected to the two ends of the wavy section. The tie rod has a through cavity that penetrates through the two straight rod sections and the two ends of the wavy section. A plurality of through holes are formed on the pipe wall of the wavy section. Each through hole communicates with the through cavity. The wavy section is located between the plurality of enclosure panels on both sides. Each straight rod section on each side passes through the enclosure panel on that side. The outer wall of the straight rod section has threads, and locking members are used to lock the two straight rod sections on both sides to the enclosure panels on both sides in a threaded connection manner.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a temporary vehicle ramp for a basement foundation pit is constructed. Its upper layer is trapezoidal, that is, both sides are inclined outward, and the inclined surfaces are wrapped by concrete, so that the two inclined surfaces are not prone to collapse. The upper trapezoid can guide the vehicle to drive in the middle of the road, and the ramp structure is relatively stable. The lower layer is a vertical soil area, that is, both sides are vertical surfaces. Compared with the trapezoidal roadbed with both sides inclined outward, the vertical soil area has a smaller floor area. The two sides of the vertical soil area are wrapped by multiple spliced fence panels. The fence panels have strong supporting force on the vertical soil area, making it not easy to deform, with a firm structure. The soil in the vertical soil area is not easy to spread to both sides, and the road surface is not easy to collapse. The tie rods can not only pull the fence panels on both sides, but also play a role in drainage, reducing the construction cost. Since the fence panels on both sides of the ramp need to support the internal soil, the fence panels on both sides are preferably set in a sealed connection form so that the soil is not easy to be extruded out from the gaps between adjacent fence panels. However, due to the sealing structure of the fence panels, it is not easy to drain water, which is easy to cause the soil to be soft. The through holes and cavities designed in the wave section of the tie rods in this application can infiltrate water and discharge it from the straight rod sections at both ends of the ramp, making the internal soil relatively firm, with a firm structure, and not prone to collapse downward or to both sides, providing a strong support for the vehicles above. The wave section of the tie rod also has the function of buffering the vehicle pressure, reducing the extrusion effect of the locking parts on the fence panels when the vehicle presses down on the road surface, and reducing the probability of deformation of the fence panels at the locking parts, loosening of the locking parts due to extrusion by the fence panels, and the tie rods being pulled out of cracks or broken.

[0008] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp for a basement foundation pit is that the fence panel includes a main board, a left hook part and a right hook part. The left hook part includes a first longitudinal board, a second transverse board, a third longitudinal board and a fourth transverse board connected in sequence. The first longitudinal board is vertically connected to one side of the main board. The first longitudinal board and the third longitudinal board are connected to both ends of the same side of the second transverse board. The second transverse board and the fourth transverse board are located at both ends of the same side of the third longitudinal board. The fourth transverse board and the main board are respectively located on both sides of the first longitudinal board. The fourth transverse board is spaced and faces the first longitudinal board.

[0009] The right hook part includes a fifth longitudinal board and a sixth transverse board. The fifth longitudinal board is vertically connected to the other side of the main board. The sixth transverse board and the main board are connected to both ends of the same side of the fifth longitudinal board.

[0010] The right hook part of one fence panel can axially slide into the left hook part of another fence panel adaptively. Specifically, the sixth transverse board slides into the space between the second transverse board and the fourth transverse board, the fifth longitudinal board slides into the space between the first longitudinal board and the fourth transverse board, and the fourth transverse board slides into the space between the main board and the sixth transverse board.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the structures on both sides of each enclosure panel can be the same, and enclosure panels of different lengths can be mass-produced to meet the requirements of wrapping both sides of the ramp. Adjacent enclosure panels can be axially slid into each other and hooked together, and are not easily pulled apart horizontally. They have strong wrapping and supporting forces on the vertical soil area, making the ramp structure stable.

[0012] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that the thickness of the sixth cross plate is equal to the gap width between the second cross plate and the fourth cross plate. The thickness of the fifth longitudinal plate is equal to the gap width between the first longitudinal plate and the fourth cross plate. The thickness of the fourth cross plate is equal to the gap width between the main board and the sixth cross plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the two ends of adjacent enclosure panels can be seamlessly nested with each other, the structure is firm, and soil is not easily seeped out between adjacent enclosure panels. The spliced enclosure panels have strong supporting forces on the soil area and good wrapping effects on the soil area.

[0014] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that the main boards of the multiple enclosure panels spliced on each side are aligned with each other, and the left hook part and the right hook part face inwards, so that the outer side surfaces of the multiple enclosure panels spliced on each side are flat planes.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer surfaces on both sides of the lower-layer vertical soil area are flat planes, which is conducive to installing connectors for connecting multiple enclosure panels on the outer surfaces and enhancing the structural stability.

[0016] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that the enclosure panel is square, and the tops of the multiple enclosure panels spliced on both sides of the vertical soil area are arranged in a stepped shape from high to low. Each main board passes through one or more of the tie rods.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the splicing of the side support structure of the ramp can be completed by using square enclosure panels. The square enclosure panels can be reused in various scenarios without customizing enclosure panels of specific shapes, reducing the construction cost. Passing the tie rods through the main board can limit and support the enclosure panel and also avoid interfering with the left hook part and the right hook part.

[0018] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement further includes a capping beam. The capping beam is installed on the outer side surfaces of the multiple enclosure panels spliced on each side. The straight rod sections at the uppermost part of each enclosure panel all pass through the capping beam. The locking piece abuts against the capping beam and locks the capping beam on the enclosure panel.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting beams are used to connect the splicing sheathing plates on each side, strengthening the firmness of the interconnection structure of the splicing sheathing plates. The splicing sheathing plates on each side are aligned with each other with the planes facing outwards to form an entire plane, having a large contact area with the connecting beams and a more firm structure.

[0020] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that the wave section is in the horizontal plane.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontally extending wave section is more likely to drain water.

[0022] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that both sides inside each convex arc of the wave section are connected by springs. Each of the springs is parallel to the straight rod section. When not being squeezed, the springs are in a natural extended state or a stretched state with a deformation amount ≤ 10%.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when not being squeezed, the springs are in a natural extended state or a slightly stretched state. After the tie rods are squeezed and stretched to both sides, the springs are stretched and have a contraction force, having a tendency to contract the stretched tie rods back to the original state, improving the ability of the tie rods to restore their original shape and extending the service life of the tie rods.

[0024] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that the vertical soil area also has a plurality of mesh cylinders. The mesh cylinders are straight cylinders, and the axial direction of the mesh cylinders is coaxial or parallel to the straight rod section. One mesh cylinder is sleeved outside each wave section. A plurality of fragments are filled between the mesh cylinder and the wave section, and the plurality of fragments completely wrap the wave section. There are gaps between adjacent fragments. The particle size of the fragments is larger than the diameter of the through holes.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the mesh cylinders restrain the fragments. The fragments can block most of the concrete from seeping into the tie rods, and the gaps between the fragments can allow water to seep through. Then the flowing water in the soil layer can seep into the tie rods and be discharged from both ends of the tie rods out of the ramp. The mesh cylinders wrapping the wave section are straight cylinders, with a simple structure and easy to fabricate.

[0026] A preferred solution for the temporary vehicle ramp in the foundation pit for building a basement is that a water guiding mechanism is installed on each side of the trapezoidal soil area; the water guiding mechanism includes a water guiding pipe, a metal mesh cover and a plurality of crushed stones; a plurality of penetrating water guiding holes are opened on a section of the pipe wall of the water guiding pipe, and this section is located in the trapezoidal soil area; no water guiding holes are opened on the other section of the pipe wall of the water guiding pipe, and this section is located outside the trapezoidal soil area; the metal mesh cover is sleeved on the pipe section of the water guiding pipe located in the trapezoidal soil area; the crushed stones are filled in the metal mesh cover; the particle size of the crushed stones is larger than the diameter of the water guiding holes.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the metal mesh cover wraps the crushed stones, limits and wraps the crushed stones around the water conduit. The water in the trapezoidal soil area can pass through the gaps between the metal mesh cover and the crushed stones and seep into the water conduit to drain out of the ramp, so as to prevent the concrete surfaces wrapped on both sides of the trapezoidal soil area from being not easy to seep out water and causing the road to be muddy.

[0028] In summary, the temporary vehicle ramp for the foundation pit of this application has a small floor area, a firm structure, good drainage effect, low construction cost, and is also easy to disassemble, facilitating the construction of the foundation pit. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a temporary vehicle ramp arranged in the foundation pit.

[0030] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 A sectional view along the A-A plane.

[0031] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 An enlarged view of area B of

[0032] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 The side structural diagram of the temporary vehicle ramp of

[0033] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The top view structural diagram of the retaining plate in

[0034] Figure 6 It is Figure 4 The top view structural diagram of

[0035] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 An enlarged view of area C of

[0036] Figure 8 It is Figure 6 The structural diagram of the tie rod in

[0037] Figure 9 It is Figure 6 The combined diagram of the tie rod, the locking part and the net cylinder hidden in the vertical soil area in

[0038] Reference numerals: 1, foundation pit; 2, trapezoidal soil area; 3, vertical soil area; 4, guardrail; 5, concrete layer; 6, water guiding mechanism; 601, water guiding pipe; 602, metal mesh cover; 6011, water guiding hole; 7, retaining plate; 701, main board; 702, left hook part; 703, right hook part; 7021, first longitudinal board; 7022, second transverse board; 7023, third longitudinal board; 7024, fourth transverse board; 7031, fifth longitudinal board; 7032, sixth transverse board; 8, tie rod; 801, wave section; spring 16; 802, straight rod section; 803, through hole; 9, mesh cylinder; 10, locking member; 11, capping beam; 12, fan-shaped dirt road; 13, drainage ditch; 14, catch basin; 15, submersible pump; 17, water extraction pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of them. Based on the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0040] As Figure 1 , a temporary vehicle ramp for a foundation pit used in basement construction is established in the foundation pit 1. The foundation pit 1 is an earth pit dug downward from the ground and is used for basement construction. In order to facilitate the handling of materials, this temporary vehicle ramp is constructed from the ground along the edge of the foundation pit 1 to the bottom of the foundation pit 1 for vehicles to drive on.

[0041] As Figure 2 , the temporary vehicle ramp for the foundation pit used in basement construction includes a trapezoidal soil area 2 with a trapezoidal cross-section on the upper layer and a vertical soil area 3 with a square cross-section on the lower layer. Both the trapezoidal soil area 2 and the vertical soil area 3 are strip-shaped. Preferably, the cross-section of the trapezoidal soil area 2 is an isosceles trapezoid. The lower base of the trapezoidal soil area 2 is connected to the upper side of the vertical soil area 3, and both sides of the vertical soil area 3 are located outside the two ends of the lower base of the trapezoidal soil area 2. Guardrails 4 are also provided on both sides of the upper base of the trapezoidal soil area 2. The upper surface of the trapezoidal soil area 2 is the vehicle lane.

[0042] The trapezoidal soil area 2 is formed by piling up soil. The two sides of the trapezoidal soil area 2 are covered with wire meshes and then sprayed with a concrete layer 5. Since the concrete layer 5 is not easily permeable to water, after the trapezoidal soil area 2 is flooded, water is not easily seeped out from the concrete layer 5. Therefore, a number of water guiding mechanisms 6 are installed in the trapezoidal soil area 2. The water guiding mechanism 6 penetrates the concrete layer 5 and is used to drain the flowing water inside the trapezoidal soil area 2 to keep the road surface dry. Therefore, the water guiding mechanism 6 is inserted into the trapezoidal soil area 2 in advance before spraying the concrete layer 5.

[0043] As Figure 3, the water guiding mechanism 6 includes a water guiding pipe 601, a metal mesh cover 602 and a plurality of crushed stones. The water guiding pipe 601 can be made of plastic. The water guiding pipe 601 is obliquely inserted upward into the side of the trapezoidal soil area 2. A plurality of water guiding holes 6011 are evenly formed in a section of the pipe wall of the water guiding pipe 601 located in the trapezoidal soil area 2, and the metal mesh cover 602 is sleeved outside this section of the pipe wall. The inside of the metal mesh cover 602 is filled with crushed stones. The particle size of the crushed stones is larger than the diameter of the water guiding holes 6011. The gaps between the crushed stones can allow water to leak through, and the crushed stones can block most of the soil from being pressed into the water guiding holes 6011, so that the water guiding holes 6011 can be kept open. A section of the pipe wall of the water guiding pipe 601 extending out of the trapezoidal soil area 2 is not provided with water guiding holes 6011, and it is inclined downward for guiding the flowing water inside the trapezoidal soil area 2 out.

[0044] As Figure 4 , the vertical soil area 3 is formed by piling up soil and has a square cross-section. Both sides of the trapezoidal soil area 2 are supported and wrapped by a plurality of splicing baffles 7. Each baffle 7 is arranged vertically.

[0045] As Figure 5 , the baffle 7 includes a main board 701, a left hook part 702 and a right hook part 703. The left hook part 702 includes a first longitudinal board 7021, a second transverse board 7022, a third longitudinal board 7023 and a fourth transverse board 7024 which are connected in sequence. The first longitudinal board 7021 is vertically connected to one side of the main board 701. The first longitudinal board 7021 and the third longitudinal board 7023 are connected to both ends of the same side of the second transverse board 7022. The second transverse board 7022 and the fourth transverse board 7024 are located at both ends of the same side of the third longitudinal board 7023. The fourth transverse board 7024 and the main board 701 are respectively located on both sides of the first longitudinal board 7021. The fourth transverse board 7024 faces the first longitudinal board 7021 at intervals.

[0046] The right hook part 703 includes a fifth longitudinal board 7031 and a sixth transverse board 7032. The fifth longitudinal board 7031 is vertically connected to the other side of the main board 701. The sixth transverse board 7032 and the main board 701 are connected to both ends of the same side of the fifth longitudinal board 7031.

[0047] As Figure 6 And Figure 7, the splicing method of two adjacent retaining plates 7 is that the left hook part 702 of one retaining plate 7 is inserted vertically into the right hook part 703 of another retaining plate 7, or the right hook part 703 of one retaining plate 7 is inserted vertically into the left hook part 702 of another retaining plate 7. For example, for the latter case, the sixth cross plate 7032 slides vertically downward into the space between the second cross plate 7022 and the fourth cross plate 7024, and the fifth longitudinal plate 7031 slides into the space between the first longitudinal plate 7021 and the fourth cross plate 7024; the main plate 701 and the sixth cross plate 7032 clamp the fourth cross plate 7024, and the main plate 701 and the sixth cross plate 7032 slide downward relative to the fourth cross plate 7024, so that the fourth cross plate 7024 is embedded between the main plate 701 and the sixth cross plate 7032.

[0048] After the retaining plates 7 on each side are spliced, each main plate 701 is located on the same plane, with the main plate 701 facing outward, the left hook part 702 and the right hook part 703 facing inward, so that the spliced multiple retaining plates 7 form a flat plane, which is convenient for installing other components on the outer surface of the retaining plates 7.

[0049] For the above-mentioned left hook part 702 and right hook part 703, it is preferred that the thickness of the sixth cross plate 7032 is equal to the gap width between the second cross plate 7022 and the fourth cross plate 7024, the thickness of the fifth longitudinal plate 7031 is equal to the gap width between the first longitudinal plate 7021 and the fourth cross plate 7024, and the thickness of the fourth cross plate 7024 is equal to the gap width between the main plate 701 and the sixth cross plate 7032. Then, the gap between two adjacent spliced retaining plates 7 is very small, and it is not easy for soil to leak out between the two retaining plates 7. Thus, the retaining plates 7 spliced on both sides strongly support the internal soil, making the shape of the vertical soil area 3 stable.

[0050] Only relying on the splicing of the retaining plates 7 with each other is not sufficient to support the internal soil. The vehicle ramp is also provided with tie rods 8 to fixedly connect the retaining plates 7 on both sides. Since the gap between the spliced retaining plates 7 is very small, it is not conducive to water seeping out from this gap. Excessive water accumulation in the soil inside the retaining plates 7 will cause the soil to become soft. Therefore, it is also necessary to drain the accumulated water in the soil inside the retaining plates 7 outside the retaining plates 7.

[0051] Such as Figure 8, for the convenience of installation and to reduce structural redundancy, in this application, the tie rod 8 is used as a drainage mechanism. Specifically, the tie rod 8 is designed to be tubular, with a through cavity that runs through both ends of the tie rod 8 inside. The tie rod 8 can be made of metal. The middle section of the tie rod 8 is a wave section 801, and the two ends are straight rod sections 802. The wave section 801 is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of through holes 803 are evenly opened on the pipe wall of this section. The through holes 803 lead to the through cavity. The wave section 801 is located between the two side enclosing plates 7. The two straight rod sections 802 at both ends are located outside the two side enclosing plates 7. No through holes 803 are provided on the outer walls of the straight rod sections 802, and external threads are provided on the outer walls of the straight rod sections 802. Each straight rod section 802 passes through the main board 701 of one enclosing plate 7. According to the height of each enclosing plate 7 exposed at the bottom of the foundation pit 1, the higher the enclosing plate 7, more tie rods 8 can pass through its main board 701 to connect the two side enclosing plates 7. Each enclosing plate 7 can pass through one or more tie rods 8.

[0052] As Figure 9 , outside each wave section 801, a straight cylindrical mesh cylinder 9 is sleeved. The mesh cylinder 9 can be a wire mesh. The inside of the mesh cylinder 9 is filled with fragments, which can be crushed stones. The wave section 801 is completely wrapped. The particle size of the fragments is larger than the diameter of the through holes 803. The gaps between the fragments can allow water to pass through, and the fragments can block most of the soil from drilling into the through holes 803. The flowing water in the vertical soil area 3 can pass through the gaps between the fragments, pass through the through holes 803, enter the through cavity, and be discharged from both ends of the tie rod 8.

[0053] The two straight rod sections 802 pass through the two side enclosing plates 7. External threads are provided on the outer walls of each of the two straight rod sections 802. The two straight rod sections 802 are screwed into locking members 10 with internal threads, such as nuts, to press the two side enclosing plates 7 against the soil wall of the vertical soil area 3.

[0054] The pair of tie rods 8 can not only fasten the side enclosing plates 7, but also the wavy section 801 inside it has a certain telescopic space. When a vehicle is driving above the ramp, the wavy section 801 can slightly elongate, buffering the tension of the vehicle's downward pressure on the side enclosing plates 7 and the pulling effect of the buffer locking member 10 on the enclosing plates 7, so that the enclosing plates 7 are not easily deformed at the connection of the locking member 10, the wavy section 801 is not easily broken, and the locking member 10 is not easily slipped off the straight rod section 802 to cause loosening, improving the service life of the enclosing plates 7, the pair of tie rods 8 and the locking member 10. To further enhance the resilience of the pair of tie rods 8, springs 16 are connected to both sides inside each convex arc of the wavy section 801. Each spring 16 is parallel to the straight rod section 802. When not being squeezed, the spring 16 is in a natural extended state or a tensile state with a deformation amount ≤ 10%. When a vehicle is driving on the road surface, the wavy section 801 is deformed under pressure, and the spring 16 elongates slightly accordingly. After the vehicle has passed, the spring 16 resumes its original state, improving the resilience speed of the wavy section 801, enabling the wavy section 801 to maintain its original shape for a long time, keeping the vertical soil area 3 structurally stable, and enhancing the service life of the pair of tie rods 8. The pair of tie rods 8 has both fastening function and drainage function, reducing the redundancy caused by separately installing two functional structures, and improving the installation convenience and efficiency.

[0055] After the side-by-side enclosing plates 7 are reinforced by the pair of tie rods 8, the overall structure is relatively firm. However, to further improve the structural stability of the spliced enclosing plates 7, the present application also adds a capping beam 11 outside the spliced enclosing plates 7 to connect the straight rod sections 802 on each side, thereby stabilizing the spliced enclosing plates 7. Specifically, the capping beam 11 connects one straight rod section 802 at the uppermost part of each enclosing plate 7. The capping beam 11 is straight-shaped, and the straight rod sections 802 at the uppermost ends of each enclosing plate 7 all pass through the capping beam 11, and the locking members on the straight rod sections 802 lock the capping beam 11 on the enclosing plate 7. The multiple main plates 701 spliced on each side are flat planes, and the capping beam 11 fits against this flat plane, aligning and connecting the multiple enclosing plates 7, making it difficult for a single enclosing plate 7 to tilt out of this flat plane.

[0056] Since this ramp is a sloping road from high to low, the upper ends of the side-by-side enclosing plates 7 on both sides are also arranged from high to low. The lower ends of the enclosing plates 7 can be inserted into the ground for alignment. The enclosing plates 7 are square, so the upper ends of the multiple enclosing plates 7 arranged from high to low are in a stepped shape. The capping beam 11 connecting the straight rod sections 802 at the uppermost ends of each enclosing plate 7 is also inclined, and its inclination angle is equal to the inclination angle of the ramp.

[0057] The temporary vehicle ramp for the foundation pit for building a basement can be directly attached to the inner bottom surface of the foundation pit 1; such as Figure 1 it is also possible to extend and set a fan-shaped dirt road 12 at the lowermost end of the temporary vehicle ramp, and use this fan-shaped dirt road 12 to fit against the inner bottom surface of the foundation pit 1, which is more convenient for vehicle turning.

[0058] such asFigure 1 , the ramp is installed in the foundation pit 1, and a drainage ditch 13, a sump 14 and a submersible pump 15 are also arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit 1. A part of the drainage ditch 13 is looped around the bottom edge of the foundation pit 1, and the other part is arranged below the outlet of the straight rod section 802. Both parts converge to the sump 14, and the submersible pump 15 is installed in the sump 14. The accumulated water in the sump 14 is pumped out of the foundation pit 1 through the submersible pump 15 and the water suction pipe 17.

[0059] The temporary vehicle ramp for the basement construction described above adopts the structure of the upper trapezoidal soil area 2 and the lower vertical soil area 3, which occupies a small area. The tie rod 8 used has both the functions of tensioning and fixing, drainage, buffering pressure and rebounding, making the structure of the side enclosing plates 7 stable. The enclosing plates 7 spliced on both sides are not easily pulled off horizontally through the mutual vertical nesting of the left hook part 702 and the right hook part 703 on both sides, making the structure of the spliced enclosing plates 7 stable, having a strong supporting force for the vertical soil area 3, not easily spreading to both sides for the soil, and not easily collapsing for the road surface, strongly supporting the driving of transport vehicles and accelerating the pace of basement construction.

[0060] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A temporary vehicle ramp for a foundation pit used in basement construction, characterized in that, It includes a trapezoidal soil area (2) with a trapezoidal upper cross-section and a vertical soil area (3) with a square lower cross-section; both sides of the trapezoidal soil area (2) are wrapped with concrete surfaces; both sides of the vertical soil area (3) are wrapped by a plurality of spliced enclosing plates (7); both sides of the vertical soil area (3) extend beyond both sides of the trapezoidal soil area (2). A plurality of tie rods (8) are installed in the vertical soil area (3); the tie rod (8) includes a wavy section (801) and two straight rod sections (802), and the two straight rod sections (802) are connected to both ends of the wavy section (801); there is a through cavity inside the tie rod (8) that penetrates both ends of the two straight rod sections (802) and the wavy section (801); a plurality of through holes (803) are opened on the pipe wall of the wavy section (801); each through hole (803) communicates with the through cavity; the wavy section (801) is located between the plurality of enclosing plates (7) on both sides; each straight rod section (802) on one side passes through the enclosing plate (7) on that side; the outer wall of the straight rod section (802) has threads, and locking members (10) are used to lock the two straight rod sections (802) on both sides to the enclosing plates (7) on both sides in a threaded connection manner. The enclosing plate (7) includes a main board (701), a left hook part (702) and a right hook part (703); the left hook part (702) includes a first longitudinal plate (7021), a second transverse plate (7022), a third longitudinal plate (7023) and a fourth transverse plate (7024) connected in sequence; the first longitudinal plate (7021) is vertically connected to one side of the main board (701); the first longitudinal plate (7021) and the third longitudinal plate (7023) are connected to both ends of the same side of the second transverse plate (7022); the second transverse plate (7022) and the fourth transverse plate (7024) are located at both ends of the same side of the third longitudinal plate (7023); the fourth transverse plate (7024) and the main board (701) are respectively located on both sides of the first longitudinal plate (7021); the fourth transverse plate (7024) is spaced and faces the first longitudinal plate (7021). The right hook part (703) includes a fifth longitudinal plate (7031) and a sixth transverse plate (7032); the fifth longitudinal plate (7031) is vertically connected to the other side of the main board (701). The sixth transverse plate (7032) and the main board (701) are connected to both ends of the same side of the fifth longitudinal plate (7031). The right hook part (703) of one enclosing plate (7) can axially slide into the left hook part (702) of another enclosing plate (7) adaptively. Specifically, the sixth transverse plate (7032) slides into the space between the second transverse plate (7022) and the fourth transverse plate (7024), the fifth longitudinal plate (7031) slides into the space between the first longitudinal plate (7021) and the fourth transverse plate (7024), and the fourth transverse plate (7024) slides into the space between the main board (701) and the sixth transverse plate (7032).

2. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the sixth horizontal plate (7032) is equal to the gap width between the second horizontal plate (7022) and the fourth horizontal plate (7024); the thickness of the fifth vertical plate (7031) is equal to the gap width between the first vertical plate (7021) and the fourth horizontal plate (7024); the thickness of the fourth horizontal plate (7024) is equal to the gap width between the main board (701) and the sixth horizontal plate (7032).

3. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The main boards (701) splicing the multiple enclosing plates (7) on each side are aligned with each other, and the left hook part (702) and the right hook part (703) face inwards, so that the outer side surfaces of the multiple enclosing plates (7) spliced on each side are flat planes.

4. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 3, wherein The enclosing plate (7) is square, and the tops of the multiple enclosing plates (7) spliced on both sides of the vertical soil area (3) are arranged in a stepped shape from high to low; each main board (701) passes through one or more tie rods (8).

5. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 4, wherein The temporary vehicle ramp for the foundation pit for building a basement further includes a capping beam (11); the capping beam (11) is installed on the outer side surface of the multiple enclosing plates (7) spliced on each side; the straight rod section (802) at the uppermost part of each enclosing plate (7) passes through the capping beam (11); the locking member (10) abuts against the capping beam (11) to lock the capping beam (11) on the enclosing plate (7).

6. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wave section (801) is in a horizontal plane.

7. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides inside each convex arc of the wave section (801) are connected by a spring (16); each spring (16) is parallel to the straight rod section (802); when not being extruded, the spring (16) is in a natural stretching state or a stretching state with a deformation amount ≤ 10%.

8. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 1, 6 or 7, characterized in that, The vertical soil area (3) further has a plurality of net cylinders (9), the net cylinders (9) are straight cylinders, the axis of the net cylinder (9) is coaxial or parallel to the straight rod section (802); one net cylinder (9) is sleeved outside each wave section (801); a plurality of fragments are filled between the net cylinder (9) and the wave section (801), and the wave section (801) is completely wrapped by the plurality of fragments; there are gaps between adjacent fragments; the particle size of the fragments is larger than the diameter of the through hole (803).

9. The temporary vehicle ramp for foundation pit used in basement construction according to claim 1, wherein, A water guiding mechanism (6) is installed on each side of the trapezoidal soil area (2); the water guiding mechanism (6) includes a water guiding pipe (601), a metal mesh cover (602) and a plurality of crushed stones; a plurality of penetrating water guiding holes (6011) are opened on the pipe wall of one section of the water guiding pipe (601), and this section is located in the trapezoidal soil area (2); no water guiding holes (6011) are opened on the pipe wall of the other section of the water guiding pipe (601), and this section is located outside the trapezoidal soil area (2); the metal mesh cover (602) is sleeved on the pipe section of the water guiding pipe (601) located in the trapezoidal soil area (2); the crushed stones are filled in the metal mesh cover (602); the particle size of the crushed stones is larger than the diameter of the water guiding holes (6011).

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