Antenna device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna device and electronic equipment. The antenna device comprises a radiator, a parasitic branch knot, a feed source, a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, a gap is arranged between the radiator and the parasitic branch knot, the radiator is provided with a feeding point, the feeding point is arranged close to the gap, and the parasitic branch knot is provided with a grounding point connected with a common ground; the feed source feeds a feed signal into the radiator through the feed point, so that the radiator and the parasitic branch jointly support a first frequency band; the first end of the first matching circuit is in selective conduction connection with the radiator, the second end of the first matching circuit is grounded, the first end of the second matching circuit is in selective conduction connection with the radiator, and the second end of the second matching circuit is grounded. The radiation directions of the first frequency bands supported by the antenna device are different. The antenna device can support multiple radiation directions of the first frequency band, and the communication performance of the antenna device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, electronic devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, etc.) are becoming more and more popular and more powerful. Electronic devices usually include antenna devices to realize the communication function of electronic devices. In related technologies, the communication performance of electronic devices in certain scenarios is low or even no signal occurs, and there is room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna device and an electronic device, which can support multiple radiation directions of a first frequency band while also improving the communication performance of the antenna device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna device, comprising: a radiator, a parasitic branch, a feed source, a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein a gap is provided between the radiator and the parasitic branch, a feeding point for connecting to the feed source is provided on the radiator, the feeding point is arranged close to the gap, and a grounding point connected to a common ground is provided on the parasitic branch;

[0005] The feed source feeds a feed signal to the radiator through the feed point, so that the radiator is capacitively coupled with the parasitic branch through the gap, so that the radiator and the parasitic branch jointly support the first frequency band;

[0006] The first end of the first matching circuit is selectively conductively connected to the radiator, the second end of the first matching circuit is grounded, the first end of the second matching circuit is selectively conductively connected to the radiator, and the second end of the second matching circuit is grounded; wherein,

[0007] When the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit are in different conduction states with respect to the radiator, respectively, the radiation directions of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device are different.

[0008] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the aforementioned antenna device.

[0009] The above-mentioned antenna device and electronic device, the antenna device includes a radiator, a parasitic branch, a feed source, a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, a gap is provided between the radiator and the parasitic branch, a feeding point for connecting the feed source is provided on the radiator, the feeding point is arranged close to the gap, a grounding point connected to a common ground is provided on the parasitic branch, the feed source feeds a feeding signal to the radiator through the feeding point, so that the radiator is capacitively coupled with the parasitic branch through the gap, so that the radiator and the parasitic branch jointly support a first frequency band, a first end of the first matching circuit is selectively conductively connected to the radiator, a second end of the first matching circuit is grounded, a first end of the second matching circuit is selectively conductively connected to the radiator, and a second end of the second matching circuit is grounded; wherein, when the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit are in different conductive states with the radiator, the radiation directions of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device are different. The antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application can switch the radiation direction of the antenna device supporting the first frequency band by switching the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit to different conduction states with the radiator, so that the antenna of the antenna device supporting the first frequency band has multiple reconfigurable directional patterns, and the radiation energy supported by the antenna device for the first frequency band is distributed in multiple directions in space, thereby reducing the impact of the fixed antenna directional pattern and uneven distribution of radiation energy on the communication performance of the electronic device, avoiding communication deterioration or even interruption due to the zero point of the antenna directional pattern, and helping to improve the communication performance of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0011] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of an antenna device provided by an embodiment;

[0012] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a simulation of the radiation energy ratio of an antenna device provided by an embodiment;

[0013] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a simulation of the radiation energy ratio of an antenna device provided in another embodiment;

[0014] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a simulation of the radiation energy ratio of an antenna device provided in yet another embodiment;

[0015] Figure 5This is a second structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment;

[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of current distribution simulation of an antenna device provided by an embodiment;

[0017] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a resonance frequency simulation of an antenna device provided by an embodiment;

[0018] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a radiation efficiency simulation of an antenna device provided in an embodiment;

[0019] Fig. 9 The third structural schematic diagram of the antenna device provided by one embodiment;

[0020] Fig.10 A fourth structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment;

[0021] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of current distribution simulation of an antenna device provided by an embodiment;

[0022] Fig.12 A fifth structural schematic diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment;

[0023] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in one embodiment;

[0024] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in another embodiment;

[0025] Fig.15 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in yet another embodiment.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 11-radiator, 12-parasitic branches, 21-first matching circuit, 211-first switch unit, 212-first matching unit, 22-second matching circuit, 221-second switch unit, 222-second matching unit, 23-third matching circuit, 24-fourth matching circuit, 30-electronic device, 31-conductive frame, 3101-top frame, 3102-first side frame, 3103-bottom frame, 3104-second side frame, 32-display screen, 33-control module, 34-mainboard, 50-mobile phone, 51-memory, 511-operating system, 512-communication module, 513-GPS module, 52-processing circuit, 53-I / O subsystem, 531-button, 54-antenna device, 55-signal line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0030] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first radiating branch may be referred to as a second radiating branch, and similarly, a second radiating branch may be referred to as a first radiating branch. Both the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch are radiating branches, but they are not the same radiating branch.

[0031] It can be understood that the “connection” in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0032] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" and the like specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. At the same time, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0033] The antenna device involved in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to electronic devices with wireless communication functions, and the electronic devices can be handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (UE), such as mobile phones, mobile stations (MS), etc.

[0034] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, an antenna device is provided, which includes a radiator 11 , a parasitic branch 12 , a feed source S, a first matching circuit 21 and a second matching circuit 22 .

[0035] A gap is provided between the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12, and the gap can be equivalent to a capacitor so that the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 are capacitively coupled. The size of the gap is determined according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here. A feeding point F for connecting to a feed source S is provided on the radiator 11, and the feeding point F is arranged close to the gap. A grounding point K connected to a common ground GND is provided on the parasitic branch 12, that is, grounded through the grounding point K. Exemplarily, when the antenna device is applied to an electronic device, the grounding point K on the parasitic branch 12 can be connected to the grounding layer of the mainboard of the electronic device. Exemplarily, the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 can be one of a flexible printed circuit (FPC) antenna radiator 11, a laser direct structuring (LDS) antenna radiator 11, a print direct structuring (PDS) antenna radiator 11, and a metal radiating branch. In the embodiment of the present application, the type of the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 is not further limited, and the type of the radiator 11 and the first parasitic branch 12 can be the same or different. In the embodiment of the present application, for the convenience of description, the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 are metal radiating branches, such as a conductive frame of an electronic device.

[0036] The feed source S may be a device that generates a feed signal (or an excitation signal). The feed source S feeds a feed signal to the radiator 11 through a feed point F, so that the radiator 11 is capacitively coupled with the parasitic branch 12 through a gap, so that the parasitic branch 12 and the radiator 11 jointly support the first frequency band. The radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 jointly supporting the first frequency band can be understood as the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 are jointly used to receive radio frequency signals of the first frequency band, or the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 are jointly used to transmit radio frequency signals of the first frequency band, or the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 are jointly used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals of the first frequency band.

[0037] The first end of the first matching circuit 21 is selectively conductively connected to the first connection point G1 on the radiator 11, and the first end of the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 can be conductive or disconnected, that is, the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 can be a disconnected state or a conductive state. Different connection states between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 can excite different resonant modes of the antenna device. Exemplarily, a first connection point G1 can be provided on the radiator 11, and the first connection point G1 is arranged on a side of the feeding point F away from the gap, and the first end of the first matching circuit 21 can be connected to the first connection point G1. The second end of the first matching circuit 21 is grounded. Exemplarily, when the antenna device is applied to an electronic device, the second end of the first matching circuit 21 can be connected to the ground layer of the motherboard of the electronic device.

[0038] The second matching circuit 22 is arranged away from the feeding point F. The first end of the second matching circuit 22 is selectively conductively connected to the radiator 11, and the first end of the second matching circuit 22 can be conductive or disconnected with the radiator 11, that is, the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 can be a disconnected state or a conductive state. The antenna device can excite different resonant modes depending on the connection state between the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11. Exemplarily, a second connection point G2 can be provided on the radiator 11, and the second connection point G2 is arranged on a side of the first connection point G1 away from the feeding point F, and the first end of the second matching circuit 22 can be connected to the second connection point G2. The second end of the second matching circuit 22 is grounded. Exemplarily, when the antenna device is applied to an electronic device, the second end of the second matching circuit 22 can be connected to the ground layer of the motherboard of the electronic device.

[0039] When the conduction states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 are different, the radiation directions of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device are different. The conduction states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 are different, which means that the connection state between one of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 is disconnected, and the connection state between the other and the radiator 11 is connected, that is, the connection states between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 are disconnected and connected (abbreviated as 0-1 state), and the connection states between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 are connected and disconnected (abbreviated as 1-0 state).

[0040] The radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device can be understood as the direction in which the signal strength of the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band received and sent by the antenna device is the greatest. When the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 are respectively different from the conduction state of the radiator 11, the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device is different, which means that the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device in the 0-1 state is different from the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported in the 1-0 state. That is, when the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 are respectively different from the conduction state of the radiator 11, the directions in which the signal strength of the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band received and sent by the antenna device are the greatest are different.

[0041] The antenna device is provided with a feeding point F on the radiator 11 and a grounding point K on the parasitic branch 12, and a feeding signal is fed into the radiator 11 through the feeding point F by the feed source S, so that the radiator 11 is capacitively coupled with the parasitic branch 12 through the gap, so that the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 jointly support the first frequency band, and the antenna device supports the first frequency band by selectively conducting the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 respectively, and when the conduction states between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 are different, The radiation directions of the frequency bands are different, so the radiation direction of the antenna device supporting the first frequency band can be switched by switching the conduction states between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 respectively, so that the antenna device supporting the first frequency band has multiple reconfigurable directional patterns, and the radiation energy supported by the antenna device for the first frequency band is distributed in multiple directions in space, reducing the impact of the fixed antenna directional pattern and uneven distribution of radiation energy on the communication performance of the electronic device, avoiding communication deterioration or even interruption due to the zero point of the antenna directional pattern, and helping to improve the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0042] In one embodiment, when the connection state between the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 is in the on state, the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 can be in the off state (i.e., 0-1 state) or in the on state (1-1 state). In this case, the current phase of the radiator 11 lags behind the current phase of the parasitic branch 12, and the proportion of the radiation energy of the antenna device toward the first direction is greater than the proportion of the radiation energy toward the second direction, that is, the radio frequency signal strength of the antenna device in the first direction receiving and transmitting the first frequency band is greater than the radio frequency signal strength of the antenna device in the second direction receiving and transmitting the first frequency band. When the antenna device is applied to an electronic device, the communication performance of the electronic device in supporting the first frequency band in the first direction is higher than the communication performance of the electronic device in supporting the first frequency band in the second direction. Among them, the first direction is the direction from the parasitic branch 12 to the radiator 11, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction. In practical applications, when the electronic device faces the first direction, the connection state between the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 can be switched to the on state, without artificially adjusting the posture, thereby improving the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0043] When the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 is in the on state, and the connection state between the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 is in the off state, that is, the 1-0 state, the current phase of the radiator 11 is ahead of the current phase of the parasitic branch 12, and the proportion of the radiation energy of the antenna device toward the first direction is less than the proportion of the radiation energy toward the second direction, that is, the radio frequency signal strength of the antenna device receiving and transmitting the first frequency band in the first direction is less than the radio frequency signal strength of the antenna device receiving and transmitting the first frequency band in the second direction. When the antenna device is applied to an electronic device, the communication performance of the electronic device supporting the first frequency band in the first direction is lower than the communication performance of the electronic device supporting the first frequency band in the second direction. In practical applications, when the electronic device faces the second direction, the connection state of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 can be switched to the on state and the off state respectively, without artificially adjusting the posture, thereby improving the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the simulation of the radiation energy ratio of the antenna device in the 1-1 state is provided. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the simulation of the radiation energy ratio of an antenna device in the 0-1 state is provided. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a simulation of the radiation energy ratio of an antenna device in a 1-0 state is provided, wherein the first direction is the positive direction of the X-axis and the second direction is the negative direction of the X-axis. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the case of the antenna device, the proportion of radiation energy toward the first direction (left hemisphere) is greater than the proportion of radiation energy toward the second direction (right hemisphere), and the antenna energy is mainly radiated toward the left hemisphere. Figure 4In the example, the proportion of radiation energy of the antenna device toward the first direction is less than the proportion of radiation energy toward the second direction. At this time, the antenna energy is mainly radiated toward the right hemisphere, and the measured values ​​of the radiation energy proportions of the left and right hemispheres are 34% and 66% respectively. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It should be noted that, in actual application, the connection states between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 can be switched according to actual communication requirements and specific application scenarios to switch the radiation direction of the antenna device supporting the first frequency band. Figures 2 to 4 In the figure, the data corresponding to Rlzd Gain is the maximum gain, and the color depth represents the gain. The darker the color, the higher the gain, and the lighter the color, the lower the gain.

[0045] The above-mentioned antenna device, by disconnecting the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11, and connecting the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11, makes the antenna device, in a scenario supporting the first frequency band, the proportion of the radiation energy of the antenna device toward the first direction is greater than the proportion of the radiation energy toward the second direction, thereby improving the performance of the antenna device in receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of the first frequency band in the first direction, thereby improving the communication performance of the electronic device supporting the first frequency band in the first direction; and, by connecting the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11, and disconnecting the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11, in a scenario supporting the first frequency band, the proportion of the radiation energy of the antenna device toward the second direction is greater than the proportion of the radiation energy toward the first direction, thereby improving the performance of the antenna device in receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of the first frequency band in the second direction, thereby improving the communication performance of the electronic device supporting the first frequency band in the second direction. Based on this, the radiation direction of the antenna device supporting the first frequency band includes both the first direction and the second direction, avoiding the antenna device supporting the first frequency band only in a fixed direction, improving the reconfigurability of the antenna pattern, and helping to improve the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0046] In one embodiment, when the connection state between the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 is in the on state, the first radiation energy ratio of the antenna device in the first target state is greater than the first radiation energy ratio in the second target state, and the second radiation energy ratio of the antenna device in the first target state is less than the second radiation energy ratio in the second target state. Wherein, the first target state is that the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 is in the off state, the second target state is that the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 is in the on state, the first radiation energy ratio is the radiation energy ratio toward the first direction, and the second radiation energy ratio is the radiation energy ratio toward the second direction. That is, the first radiation energy ratio of the antenna device in the 0-1 state is greater than the first radiation energy ratio in the 1-1 state, and the second radiation energy ratio of the antenna device in the 0-1 state is less than the second radiation energy ratio in the 1-1 state. When the antenna device switches from the 1-1 state to the 1-0 state, the radiation energy ratio of the left hemisphere increases relatively, and the radiation energy ratio of the right hemisphere decreases relatively.

[0047] by Figure 2 and Figure 3 The radiation energy ratio simulation diagram shown in the figure is used as an example to illustrate. Figure 2 Indicates 1-1 status, Figure 2 The energy radiation in the middle and left hemispheres accounts for 56% and 44% respectively; Figure 3 Indicates 1-0 status, Figure 2 The radiation energy in the middle and left hemispheres accounts for 65% and 35% respectively. Figure 3 Compared to Figure 2 In the 1-1 state, the proportion of radiation energy in the left hemisphere (first direction) increases.

[0048] The above-mentioned antenna device can conduct the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11, and switch the connection device between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 from the conducting state to the disconnecting state, that is, switch from the second target state to the first target state, which can increase the proportion of radiation energy of the antenna device toward the first direction, thereby improving the receiving and transmitting performance of the antenna device supporting the first frequency band toward the first direction, and further providing the communication performance of the electronic device when it is facing the first direction.

[0049] In one embodiment, when the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 are both in the on state, the feed source S feeds the feed signal to the radiator 11 through the feeding point F, so that the radiator 11 is capacitively coupled with the parasitic branch 12 through the gap, so that the parasitic branch 12 and the radiator 11 jointly support the first frequency band, and the radiator 11 supports the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band. Among them, the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band, and the fourth frequency band are different. Exemplarily, the frequency range covered by the first frequency band, the frequency range covered by the second frequency band, the frequency range covered by the third frequency band, and the frequency range covered by the fourth frequency band are different. Optionally, the first frequency band is the WiFi 2.4G frequency band, and the WiFi 2.4G frequency band range can be 2.402GHz~2.483GHz. Optionally, the second frequency band is the GPS L1 frequency band, and the GPSL1 frequency band range can be 1575.42MHz±1.023MHz. The third frequency band is the N78 frequency band, which can range from 3300MHz to 3800MHz. The fourth frequency band is the WiFi 5G frequency band, which ranges from 5725 to 5850MHz.

[0050] The radiator 11 supports the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, which can be understood as the radiator 11 is used to receive radio frequency signals in the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, or the radiator 11 is used to transmit radio frequency signals in the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, or the radiator 11 is used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals in the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band.

[0051] The above-mentioned antenna device, by respectively connecting the first matching circuit 21, the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11, enables the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 to support the first frequency band while the radiator 11 can also support the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band, thereby improving the coverage range of the frequency band supported by the antenna device and reducing the occupied space and cost of the antenna device.

[0052] In one embodiment, when the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 to the radiator 11 are both in the conducting state, that is, the 1-1 state, the first matching circuit 21 conducts the first tuning path between the first connection point G1 and the common ground, and the second matching circuit 22 conducts the second tuning path between the second connection point G2 and the common ground, at which time, the first connection point G1 and the second connection point G2 are both grounded. In this case, under the excitation of the feeding signal, the parasitic branch 12 and the radiator 11 jointly excite the first resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, and the radiator 11 excites the second resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band, the third resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the third frequency band, and the fourth resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band. Among them, the first resonance mode, the second resonance mode, the third resonance mode and the fourth resonance mode are different resonance modes.

[0053] In practical applications, the current amplitude and phase on the radiator 11 can be adjusted through the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 respectively to tune the resonance modes of the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12. The antenna device can stimulate a variety of different resonance modes of the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 by respectively connecting the first matching circuit 21, the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 to support a variety of different frequency bands, realize multi-carrier aggregation, and reduce the occupied space and cost of the antenna device.

[0054] In one embodiment, Figure 5 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, a first connection point G1 and a second connection point G2 are provided on the radiator 11, and the first connection point G1 is provided between the second connection point G2 and the feeding point F. The first end of the first matching circuit 21 is connected to the first connection point G1, and the first end of the second matching circuit 22 is connected to the second connection point G2. a is a branch position point corresponding to the grounding point K, b is a first free end of the parasitic branch 12, c is a first free end of the radiator 11, d is a branch position point corresponding to the feeding point F, e is a branch position point corresponding to the first connection point G1, and f is a branch position point corresponding to the second connection point G2.

[0055] Please continue reading Figure 5, when the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 are both in the on state, that is, the 1-1 state, the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 jointly excite the first resonance mode under the excitation of the feeding signal to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band. The first resonance mode is a quarter-wavelength inverted-F antenna (IFA) mode of the sub-parasitic branch (ab branch) corresponding to the first free end of the parasitic branch 12 from the ground point K to the first free end of the parasitic branch 12, and the first radiation branch (ce branch) corresponding to the first connection point G1 from the first free end of the radiator 11. That is, the ce branch and the ab branch jointly excite the first resonance mode under the excitation of the feeding signal to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, so that the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 jointly support the first frequency band. Among them, the first free end of the radiator 11 and the first free end of the parasitic branch 12 are both ends close to the gap. In the first resonant mode, the current of the ab branch mainly flows from a (the branch position point corresponding to the grounding point K) to b (the first free end of the parasitic branch 12), and the current of the ce branch mainly flows from c (the first free end of the radiator 11) to e (the branch position point corresponding to the first connection point G1). The antenna device jointly excites the λ / 4IFA mode of the first frequency band at the ab branch and the ce branch.

[0056] Please continue reading Figure 5 , when the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 are both in the on state, that is, the 1-1 state, the radiator 11 can also excite the second resonant mode under the excitation of the feeding signal to radiate the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band. The second resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode of the second radiation branch (fc branch) corresponding to the second connection point G2 to the first free end of the radiator 11. That is, the fc branch excites the second resonant mode under the excitation of the feeding signal, radiating the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band, so that the radiator 11 supports the second frequency band. In the second resonant mode, the current flow of the fc branch is mainly from f (the branch position point corresponding to the second connection point G2) to c (the first free end of the radiator 11). The antenna device excites the λ / 4 mode of the second frequency band at the fc branch.

[0057] Please continue reading Figure 5, when the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 are both in the on state, that is, the 1-1 state, the radiator 11 excites the third resonance mode under the excitation of the feeding signal to radiate the radio frequency signal of the third frequency band. The third resonance mode is the LOOP mode of the third radiation branch (ef branch) corresponding to the first connection point G1 to the second connection point G2. That is, the ef branch excites the third resonance mode under the excitation of the feeding signal to radiate the radio frequency signal of the third frequency band, so that the radiator 11 supports the third frequency band. In the third resonance mode, the current flow direction of the ef branch is mainly from e (the branch position point corresponding to the first connection point G1) to f (the branch position point corresponding to the second connection point G2). The antenna device excites the LOOP mode of the third frequency band at the ef branch.

[0058] Please continue reading Figure 5 , when the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 are both in the on state, that is, the 1-1 state, the radiator 11 excites the fourth resonance mode under the excitation of the feeding signal to radiate the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band. The fourth resonance mode is the LOOP mode of the fourth radiation branch (de branch) corresponding to the feeding point F to the first connection point G1. That is, the de branch excites the fourth resonance mode under the excitation of the feeding signal, radiating the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band, so that the radiator 11 supports the fourth frequency band. In the fourth resonance mode, the current flow direction of the de branch is mainly from d (the branch position point corresponding to the feeding point F) to e (the branch position point corresponding to the first connection point G1). The antenna device excites the LOOP mode of the fourth frequency band at the de branch.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna device is in the 1-1 state, under the excitation of the feed signal, the sub-parasitic branch (ab branch) and the first radiating branch (ce branch) jointly generate a λ / 4IFA mode to support the RF signal of the WiFi2.4G band, the second radiating branch (fc branch) generates a λ / 4 mode to support the RF signal of the GPS L1 band, the third radiating branch (ef branch) generates a LOOP mode to support the RF signal of the N78 band, and the fourth radiating branch (de branch) generates a LOOP mode to support the RF signal of the WiFi 5G band. The current distribution simulation diagram of the antenna device in the 1-1 state can be found in Figure 6 , the resonant frequency can be found in Figure 7 , and the radiation efficiency can be found in Figure 8 .Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the sub-parasitic branch (ab branch) has a strong current distribution, and the current strong point is located at the return point. The current is weak at the gap. It is a 1 / 4 wavelength IFA mode, and it is the main radiation branch in the first frequency band. It participates in radiation together with the current on the first radiation branch (ce branch).

[0060] The above-mentioned antenna device, through the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22, respectively conducts the tuning path between the radiator 11 and the common ground, and under the excitation of the feeding signal, the first radiating branch and the sub-parasitic branch excite the first resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, the second radiating branch excites the second resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band, the third radiating branch excites the third resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the third frequency band, and the fourth radiating branch excites the fourth resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band, so that a larger bandwidth coverage can be achieved with fewer antenna radiators 11, thereby improving the performance of the antenna device.

[0061] In one embodiment, see Fig. 9 , when the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 is disconnected, and the connection state between the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 is on, the first matching circuit 21 disconnects the first tuning path between the first connection point G1 and the common ground, and the second matching circuit 22 conducts the second tuning path between the second connection point G2 and the common ground. At this time, the first connection point G1 is not grounded, and the second connection point G2 is grounded. Based on this, under the excitation of the feeding signal, the parasitic branch 12 and the radiator 11 jointly excite the fifth resonant mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, and the radiator 11 excites the sixth resonant mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band, so that the antenna device can support the first frequency band and the second frequency band, thereby improving the frequency band coverage supported by the antenna device, which is conducive to reducing the space occupied and the cost of the antenna device.

[0062] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 7 to 9 , the fifth resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength inverted F antenna (IFA) mode of the sub-parasitic branch (ab branch) corresponding to the first free end of the parasitic branch 12 from the grounding point K, and the fifth radiating branch (fc branch) corresponding to the first free end of the radiator 11 from the second connection point G2. That is, the ab branch and the fc branch jointly excite the fifth resonant mode under the excitation of the feeding signal, and radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, so that the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 jointly support the first frequency band. In the fifth resonant mode, the current of the ab branch mainly flows from a (the branch position point corresponding to the grounding point K) to b (the first free end of the parasitic branch 12), and the current of the fc branch mainly flows from f (the branch position point corresponding to the second connection point G2) to c (the first free end of the radiator 11). The antenna device jointly excites the λ / 4IFA mode of the first frequency band at the ab branch and the fc branch.

[0063] The sixth resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode of the sixth radiation branch (fc branch) corresponding to the first free end of the radiator 11 from the second connection point G2. That is, the fc branch excites the sixth resonant mode under the excitation of the feeding signal, radiating the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band, so that the radiator 11 supports the second frequency band. In the sixth resonant mode, the current of the fc branch mainly flows from f (the branch position point corresponding to the second connection point G2) to c (the first free end of the radiator 11). The antenna device excites the λ / 4 mode of the second frequency band at the fc branch.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna device is in the 0-1 state, under the excitation of the feeding signal, the sub-parasitic branch (ab branch) and the fifth radiating branch (fc branch) jointly generate a λ / 4IFA mode to support the RF signal of the WiFi2.4G frequency band, and the sixth radiating branch (fc branch) generates a λ / 4 mode to support the RF signal of the GPS L1 frequency band. When the antenna device is in the 0-1 state, its current distribution is similar to the current distribution in the 1-1 state, except that the current path on the radiator 11 becomes longer from c to f, and the resonant frequency can continue to refer to Figure 7 , radiation efficiency can be found in Figure 8 .

[0065] In one embodiment, see Fig.10 , when the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the radiator 11 is in the on state, and the connection state between the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 is in the off state, the first matching circuit 21 conducts the first tuning path between the first connection point G1 and the common ground, and the second matching circuit 22 disconnects the second tuning path between the second connection point G2 and the common ground. At this time, the first connection point G1 is grounded, and the second connection point G2 is not grounded. Based on this, under the excitation of the feeding signal, the parasitic branch 12 and the radiator 11 jointly excite the seventh resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, and the radiator 11 excites the eighth resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band, so that the antenna device can support the first frequency band and the fourth frequency band, improve the frequency band coverage supported by the antenna device, and help reduce the occupied space and cost of the antenna device.

[0066] In one embodiment, please refer to Fig.10, the seventh resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength inverted F antenna (IFA) mode of the sub-parasitic branch (ab branch) corresponding to the first free end of the parasitic branch 12 from the grounding point K, and the seventh radiating branch (ef branch) corresponding to the first connection point G1 to the second connection point G2. That is, the ab branch and the ef branch jointly excite the seventh resonant mode under the excitation of the feeding signal, and radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, so that the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 jointly support the first frequency band. In the seventh resonant mode, the current flow direction of the ab branch is mainly from a (the branch position point corresponding to the grounding point K) to b (the first free end of the parasitic branch 12), and the current flow direction of the ef branch is mainly from e (the branch position point corresponding to the first connection point G1) to f (the branch position point corresponding to the second connection point G2). The antenna device jointly excites the λ / 4IFA mode of the first frequency band at the ab branch and the ef branch.

[0067] The eighth resonant mode is the LOOP mode of the eighth radiating branch (de branch) corresponding to the feeding point F to the first connection point G1. That is, the de branch excites the eighth resonant mode under the excitation of the feeding signal, and radiates the RF signal of the fourth frequency band, so that the radiator 11 supports the fourth frequency band. In the eighth resonant mode, the current flow of the de branch is mainly from d (the branch position point corresponding to the feeding point F) to e (the branch position point corresponding to the first connection point G1). The antenna device excites the LOOP mode of the second frequency band at the de branch. When the antenna device is in the 1-0 state, the current distribution simulation schematic diagram can be referred to. Fig.11 , the resonant frequency can be found in Figure 7 , radiation efficiency can be found in Figure 8 .

[0068] In one embodiment, Fig.12As shown, the first matching circuit 21 includes a first switch unit 211 and a first matching unit 212. Among them, the first end of the first switch unit 211 is connected to the common ground. Exemplarily, the first switch unit 211 can be a single-pole single-throw (SPST) switch, a single-pole multiple-throw (SPnT) switch, or other suitable types of switches, which are not limited here. The first matching unit 212 is connected to the second end of the first switch unit 211 and the first connection point G1 respectively. The first matching unit 212 is used to adjust the current amplitude and phase of the antenna, thereby tuning the resonant mode of the antenna. Exemplarily, the first matching unit 212 can include at least one of a capacitor and an inductor, which are not limited here. Based on this, the antenna device can select the first tuning path between the first connection point G1 of the radiator 11 and the common ground by switching the on-off state of the first switch unit 211, and adjust the resonant mode of the antenna through the first matching unit 212. Combined with the second matching circuit 22, the switching of the radiation direction of the RF signal in the first frequency band is realized, so that the antenna supporting the first frequency band has multiple reconfigurable directional patterns, and the antenna device supports the distribution of the radiation energy of the first frequency band in multiple directions in space, reducing the impact of the fixed antenna directional pattern and uneven distribution of radiation energy on the communication performance of the electronic device, avoiding communication interruption due to the "zero point" of the antenna directional pattern, and helping to improve the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0069] In one embodiment, please refer to Fig.12 , the second matching circuit 22 includes a second switch unit 222 and a second matching unit 222. Among them, the first end of the second switch unit 222 is connected to the common ground. Exemplarily, the second switch unit 222 can be a single-pole single-throw (SPST) switch, a single-pole multiple-throw (SPnT) switch, or other suitable types of switches, which are not limited here. The second matching unit 222 is respectively connected to the second end of the second switch unit 222 and the second connection point G2. The second matching unit 222 is used to adjust the current amplitude and phase of the antenna, thereby adjusting the resonant mode of the antenna. Exemplarily, the second matching unit 222 may include at least one of a capacitor and an inductor, which are not limited here. Based on this, the antenna device can select the second tuning path between the second connection point G2 of the radiator 11 and the common ground by switching the on-off state of the second switch unit 222, and adjust the resonant mode of the antenna through the second matching unit 222. Combined with the first matching circuit 21, the switching of the radiation direction of the RF signal in the first frequency band is realized, so that the antenna supporting the first frequency band has multiple reconfigurable directional patterns, and the antenna device supports the distribution of the radiation energy of the first frequency band in multiple directions in space, reducing the impact of the fixed antenna directional pattern and uneven distribution of radiation energy on the communication performance of the electronic device, avoiding communication interruption due to the "zero point" of the antenna directional pattern, and helping to improve the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0070] In one embodiment, please refer to Fig.12 The antenna device further includes a third matching circuit 23, which is connected to the feed source S and the common ground respectively, and is used to adjust the current amplitude and phase on the radiator 11, thereby tuning the resonant mode of the antenna to improve the performance of the antenna device. Exemplarily, the third matching circuit 23 may include at least one of a capacitor and an inductor.

[0071] In one embodiment, please refer to Fig.12 , a third connection point M is also provided on the parasitic branch 12, and the third connection point M is located on the side of the grounding point K close to the gap. The antenna device also includes a fourth matching circuit 24, which is connected to the third connection point M and the common ground respectively, and the fourth matching circuit 24 is used to adjust the current amplitude and phase on the parasitic branch 12, so as to tune the resonant mode of the antenna to improve the performance of the antenna device. Exemplarily, the fourth matching circuit 24 may include at least one of a capacitor and an inductor.

[0072] Based on the same inventive concept, Fig.13 As shown, the present application also provides an electronic device, comprising the antenna device of any of the above embodiments.

[0073] The electronic device 40 may be a handheld device, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (UE) (e.g., a mobile phone), a mobile station (MS), etc.

[0074] The electronic device 40 includes an antenna device, wherein a feeding point F is provided on a radiator 11, and a grounding point K is provided on a parasitic branch 12, and a feeding signal is fed into the radiator 11 through a feeding source S through the feeding point F, so that the radiator 11 is capacitively coupled with the parasitic branch 12 through a gap, so that the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 jointly support a first frequency band, and the connection state between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 is selectively turned on, and when the connection states between the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 are different, the antenna device The radiation directions of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device are different, so that the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device can be switched by switching the conduction states between the first matching circuit 21, the second matching circuit 22 and the radiator 11 respectively, so that the antenna supporting the first frequency band of the antenna device has multiple reconfigurable directional patterns, and the radiation energy of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device is distributed in multiple directions in space, reducing the influence of the fixed antenna directional pattern and the uneven distribution of the radiation energy on the communication performance of the electronic device, avoiding the deterioration or even interruption of communication due to the zero point of the antenna directional pattern, and improving the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0075] In one embodiment, please refer to Fig.13 , the antenna device is also used to receive radio frequency signals in the first frequency band. Among them, the electronic device also includes a control module. The control module is connected to the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 in the antenna device respectively. The control module is used to control the on-off state of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 respectively according to the signal strength of the radio frequency signal, so as to switch the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device. Exemplarily, the control module can be connected to the first switch unit 211 of the first matching circuit 21 and the second switch unit 222 of the second matching circuit 22 respectively, and the control module is used to control the on-off state of the first switch unit 211 and the second switch unit 222 with the radiator 11 respectively according to the signal strength of the radio frequency signal, so as to switch the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device. Exemplarily, the first frequency band is the WiFi 2.4G frequency band.

[0076] In practical applications, the control module can detect the signal strength under different states through an internal algorithm, so as to adjust the on-off state of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 in real time according to the signal strength. It can be understood that, because the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 are different, the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device is different. Therefore, the electronic device receives the signal strength of the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band through the antenna device, and controls the connection states of the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 with the radiator 11 through the control module, so as to realize the switching of the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device, so as to adapt to various usage scenarios of the electronic device, such as changes in the position and angle of the electronic device, without manually adjusting the posture of the electronic device, the switching of the antenna pattern of the electronic device can be realized, thereby improving the transceiver performance of the electronic device for the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band.

[0077] In one embodiment, please refer to Fig.13 The electronic device includes a middle plate and a conductive frame connected to an edge of the middle plate, and the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 11 are respectively arranged on the conductive frame.

[0078] The conductive frame 31 is disposed on the periphery of the display screen 32 to support and protect the display screen 32. The conductive frame 31 extends into the electronic device 30 to form a middle plate. The integrally formed middle plate and frame are sometimes also referred to as a middle frame.

[0079] The conductive frame 31 may include a top frame 3101 , a first side frame 3102 , a bottom frame 3103 , and a second side frame 3104 that are connected in sequence. The radiator 11 and the parasitic branches 12 may be disposed on the top frame 3101 .

[0080] Take the electronic device 30 as a mobile phone as an example for explanation. The shape of the mobile phone display screen 32 can be a rectangle or an arc-cornered rectangle. The arc-cornered rectangle can sometimes be called a rounded rectangle, that is, the four corners of the rectangle are transitioned by arcs, and the four sides of the rectangle are roughly straight line segments. The conductive frame 31 is arranged on the periphery of the display screen 32 to support and protect the display screen 32. The conductive frame 31 can be made of a metal material such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy or stainless steel, and the conductive frame 31 can be further extended into the interior of the electronic device 30 to form a middle plate. The display screen 32 can be fixedly connected to the conductive frame 31 or the middle plate by using a process such as dispensing glue.

[0081] In applications, such as Fig.14As shown, the electronic device 30 may include a mainboard 34, and the feed source S of the antenna device, the first matching circuit 21 and the second matching circuit 22 may all be arranged on the mainboard 34, and the grounding point K on the parasitic branch 12, the second end of the first matching circuit 21, and the second end of the second matching circuit 22 are respectively connected to the grounding layer of the mainboard 34 to achieve connection with the common ground.

[0082] In this embodiment, the radiator 11 and the parasitic branch 12 are respectively arranged on the conductive frame 31, thereby realizing reuse of the conductive frame 31 and avoiding the need for additional radiators 11, which is beneficial to miniaturization of the electronic device 30 and cost reduction.

[0083] like Fig.15 As shown, further, the electronic device is a mobile phone 50 as an example for description, specifically, Fig.15 As shown, the mobile phone 50 may include a memory 51 (which optionally includes one or more computer-readable storage media), a processing circuit 52, an input / output (I / O) subsystem 53, and at least one antenna device 54 as described in any of the above embodiments. These components optionally communicate via one or more communication buses or signal lines 55. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Fig.15 The illustrated mobile phone 50 does not constitute a limitation of the mobile phone, and may include more or less components than shown, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently. Fig.13 The various components shown in the EMBODIMENTS 2000 are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and / or application specific integrated circuits.

[0084] The memory 51 optionally includes a high-speed random access memory, and optionally also includes a non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Exemplarily, the software components stored in the memory 51 include an operating system 511, a communication module (or an instruction set) 512, a global positioning system (GPS) module (or an instruction set) 513, etc.

[0085] The processing circuit 52 may be used to control the operation of the mobile phone 50. The processing circuit 52 may be based on one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, baseband processors, power management units, audio codec chips, application specific integrated circuits, and the like.

[0086] When the electronic device needs to support the first frequency band, the processing circuit 52 controls the on / off states of the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit and the radiator respectively according to the signal strength of the radio frequency signal to switch the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device to improve communication performance.

[0087] Among them, the I / O subsystem 53 couples input / output peripherals on the mobile phone 50, such as a keypad and other input control devices, to a peripheral device interface. The I / O subsystem 53 optionally includes a touch screen, buttons, a tone generator, an accelerometer (motion sensor), an ambient light sensor and other sensors, a light emitting diode and other status indicators, a data port, etc. Exemplarily, a user can control the operation of the mobile phone 50 by supplying commands via the I / O subsystem 53, and can use the output resources of the I / O subsystem 53 to receive status information and other outputs from the mobile phone 50. For example, a user can start the mobile phone or turn it off by pressing a button 531.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0089] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0090] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that: include: A radiator, a parasitic branch, a feed source, a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein a gap is provided between the radiator and the parasitic branch, a feeding point for connecting to the feed source is provided on the radiator, the feeding point is arranged close to the gap, and a grounding point connected to a common ground is provided on the parasitic branch; The feed source feeds a feed signal to the radiator through the feed point, so that the radiator is capacitively coupled with the parasitic branch through the gap, so that the radiator and the parasitic branch jointly support the first frequency band; The first end of the first matching circuit is selectively conductively connected to the radiator, the second end of the first matching circuit is grounded, the first end of the second matching circuit is selectively conductively connected to the radiator, and the second end of the second matching circuit is grounded; wherein, When the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit are in different conduction states with respect to the radiator, respectively, the radiation directions of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device are different.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that When the connection state between the second matching circuit and the radiator is in the on state, the current phase of the radiator lags behind the current phase of the parasitic branch, and the proportion of radiation energy of the antenna device toward the first direction is greater than the proportion of radiation energy toward the second direction; wherein the first direction is the direction from the parasitic branch to the radiator, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction; When the connection states of the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit with the radiator are respectively an on state and an off state, the current phase of the radiator leads the current phase of the parasitic branch, and the proportion of radiation energy of the antenna device toward the first direction is less than the proportion of radiation energy toward the second direction.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that When the connection state between the second matching circuit and the radiator is in the on state, the first radiation energy proportion of the antenna device in the first target state is greater than the first radiation energy proportion in the second target state, and the second radiation energy proportion of the antenna device in the first target state is less than the second radiation energy proportion in the second target state; wherein, the first target state is that the connection state between the first matching circuit and the radiator is in the off state, the second target state is that the connection state between the first matching circuit and the radiator is in the on state, the first radiation energy proportion is the radiation energy proportion toward the first direction, and the second radiation energy proportion is the radiation energy proportion toward the second direction.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit are respectively connected to the radiator in a conducting state, the feed source feeds the feed signal to the radiator through the feeding point, and the radiator supports the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the connection states of the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit with the radiator are both in the on state, under the excitation of the feeding signal, the parasitic branch and the radiator jointly excite a first resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, and the radiator excites a second resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band, a third resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the third frequency band, and a fourth resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band.

6. The antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that The radiator is provided with a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first matching circuit is connected to the first connection point, and the first end of the second matching circuit is connected to the second connection point, wherein, The first resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength inverted F antenna mode from the ground point to the sub-parasitic branch corresponding to the first free end of the parasitic branch, and from the first free end of the radiator to the first radiating branch corresponding to the first connection point; wherein each of the first free ends is an end close to the slot; The second resonance mode is a quarter-wavelength mode of a second radiation branch corresponding to the first free end of the radiator from the second connection point; The third resonance mode is a LOOP mode from the first connection point to the third radiation branch corresponding to the second connection point; The fourth resonance mode is a LOOP mode from the feeding point to a fourth radiation branch corresponding to the first connection point.

7. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the connection state between the first matching circuit and the radiator is in a disconnected state, and the connection state between the second matching circuit and the radiator is in a conducting state, under the excitation of the feeding signal, the parasitic branch and the radiator jointly excite a fifth resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, and the radiator excites a sixth resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band.

8. The antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The radiator is provided with a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first matching circuit is connected to the first connection point, and the first end of the second matching circuit is connected to the second connection point, wherein, The fifth resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength inverted F antenna mode of a sub-parasitic branch corresponding to the first free end of the parasitic branch from the ground point to the first free end of the parasitic branch, and a fifth radiating branch corresponding to the first free end of the radiator from the second connection point; wherein each of the first free ends is an end close to the slot; The sixth resonance mode is a quarter-wavelength mode of a sixth radiation branch corresponding to the first free end of the radiator from the second connection point.

9. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the connection state between the first matching circuit and the radiator is in the on state, and the connection state between the second matching circuit and the radiator is in the off state, under the excitation of the feeding signal, the parasitic branch and the radiator jointly excite a seventh resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band, and the radiator excites an eighth resonance mode to radiate the radio frequency signal of the fourth frequency band.

10. The antenna device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The radiator is provided with a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first matching circuit is connected to the first connection point, and the first end of the second matching circuit is connected to the second connection point, wherein, The seventh resonance mode is a quarter-wavelength inverted-F antenna mode from the ground point to the sub-parasitic branch corresponding to the first free end of the parasitic branch, and from the first connection point to the seventh radiation branch corresponding to the second connection point; The eighth resonance mode is a LOOP mode from the feeding point to the eighth radiation branch corresponding to the first connection point.

11. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first frequency band is the WiFi 2.4G frequency band.

12. The antenna device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The second frequency band is the GPS L1 frequency band, the third frequency band is the N78 frequency band, and the fourth frequency band is the WiFi 5G frequency band.

13. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiator is provided with a first connection point, and the first matching circuit includes: a first switch unit, wherein a first end of the first switch unit is connected to the common ground; The first matching unit is connected to the second end of the first switch unit and the first connection point respectively, and is used to tune the resonant frequency of the first frequency band.

14. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The radiator is provided with a second connection point, and the second matching circuit includes: a second switch unit, wherein a first end of the second switch unit is connected to the common ground; The second matching unit is connected to the second end of the second switch unit and the second connection point respectively, and is used to tune the resonant frequency of the first frequency band.

15. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna device further comprises: A third matching circuit is connected to the feed source and the common ground respectively, and is used to tune the resonant frequency of the first frequency band.

16. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that The parasitic branch is further provided with a third connection point, and the third connection point is located on a side of the grounding point close to the gap. The antenna device further includes: A fourth matching circuit is connected to the third connection point and the common ground respectively, and is used to tune the resonant frequency of the first frequency band.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna device according to any one of claims 1-16.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The antenna device is also used to receive a radio frequency signal in a first frequency band, and the electronic device further includes: The control module is connected to the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit in the antenna device respectively, and is used to control the on-off state of the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit respectively with the radiator according to the signal strength of the radio frequency signal, so as to switch the radiation direction of the first frequency band supported by the antenna device.

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